新人教版八年级下册英语第一单元重点归纳
Unit 1 What’s the matter?
◆短语归纳
1. have a fever 发烧
2. have a cough 咳嗽
3. have a toothache 牙疼
4. talk too much 说得太多
5. drink enough water 喝足够的水
6. have a cold 受凉;感冒
7. have a stomachache 胃疼
8. have a sore back 背疼
9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛
10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息
11. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶
12. see a dentist 看牙医
13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片
14. take one’ s temperature 量体温
15. put some medicine on sth. 在……上面敷药
16. feel very hot 感到很热
17. sound like 听起来像
18. all weekend 整个周末
19. in the same way 以同样的方式
20. go to a doctor 看医生
21. go along 沿着……走
22. on the side of the road 在马路边
23. shout for help 大声呼救
24. get off 下车get on上车
25. without thinking twice 没有多想
26. have a heart problem 有心脏病
27. in time 及时on time 准时
28. to one’ s surprise 使...惊讶的
29. thanks to=because of=with the help of 多亏了；由于
30. save a life 挽救生命
31. get into trouble 造成麻烦
32. right away=at once 立刻；马上
33. because of 由于
34. get out of 离开;从……出来
35. hurt oneself 受伤
36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎
37. fall down 摔倒
38. feel sick 感到恶心，感到难受39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血
40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖
41 have problems breathing 呼吸困
难
42. mountain climbing 登山运动
43.so that 以便
44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事
45. run out (of) 用完;用尽
46 so. . . that 如此… 以至于…
47. be in control of 掌管;管理under the control of 在...的掌管之下out of control 拜托控制
48. in a difficult situation 在闲境屮
49. take risks 冒险
50. keep on doing sth继续或坚持做某事
51. make a decision 做出决定
52. give up（doing sth）放弃做某事
53.hurt oneself 伤到某人自己
54.put on 穿上
55.take off 脱下，飞机起飞
56.the other day 前几天
57.cut oneself 切到某人自己
58.look after…well=take good care of 照顾好…
59.by accident 意外
60.take breaks=take a break=have a rest休息
61.on the side of the road在路的一边
62.expect sb to do sth期待某人做某事
63.wait for the next bus等下一辆车
64.think about 考虑
65.get hit on the head 撞到头
66.get hit by a ball被球砸
67.get sunburned晒伤
68.sb use sth to do sth=sth be used to do sth=sth be used for doing stu某物被用来做某事
69.mean doing sth意味着做某事mean to do sth打算做某事
70.make a decision to do sth=decide to do sth 决定做某事
71.mean life or death意味着生与死
◆用法集萃
1. What’ s the matter? 怎么啦？出什么事情了？
matter n.问题；事情
What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you?你怎么了？
matter 和trouble 为名词，其前可加the 或形容词性物主代词，wrong 是adj. 不能加the
用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时，与介词with连用。即：
What’s the matter with sb.? = What’s your trouble? = What’s up? = What happens to sb.?
—What’s the matter with you ?— I have a bad cold.
2. I had a cold.我感冒了。have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒
have a fever 发烧have a cough咳嗽have a stomachache胃疼，肚子疼have a toothache牙疼have a headache 头疼
3. 身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词
stomach+ache=stomachache
head+ache=headache
tooth+ache=toothache
back+ache=backache后背痛
一般只有喉咙痛用sore,其他部位疼痛一般都有用xxxache
单独说xxx痛就说xxx hurts my back hurts
4.much too+ 形容词，意为太...... ，too much+名词，意为很多，大量
5.enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。good enough足够好，enough money=much money
6.lie down躺下，lie 躺，躺着，过去式lay；lie说谎，过去式lied
7.maybe “或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.
8.may be，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry.
9.sound like+名词代词和从句：It sounds like you don’t know the truth.
It sounds like a good idea. sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice.
10. need 需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；
need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：
You need to listen carefully during class.
11.get off (the bus) 下（公交车）get on 上车
12.agree 同意，赞同
agree with sth. 同意某事如：I agree with that idea.
agree to sb. 同意某人的意见如：I agree to LiLei.
13.trouble问题，麻烦；be in trouble 遇到麻烦，make trouble 制造麻烦，have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth做......有麻烦14.right away=right now=at once，意为马上
15.advice [不可数名词]劝告，建议，向…征求意见give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议；
advise [动词] advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事advise sb. doing sth. 16.exercise 练习、锻炼
当exercise意为“练习”时，为可数名词即可加s
当exercise意为“锻炼”时，为不可数名词即不加s
17. hurt 及物动词，使……疼痛，……受伤，He hurt his leg while exercising.不及物动词，……（部位）疼His leg hurt badly.
18.clean动词打扫，clean the classroom 打扫教室，形容词干净的cleaner 清
洁工。
19.hit （用手或器具）打；击打The boy hit the dog with a stone.
20.be used to sth./ doing sth.习惯于、适应了……、做某事，强调状态；
His grandpa was used to country life.
Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning.
get/ become used to sth./ doing sth. “变得习惯，逐渐适应……”强调过程、动作：
It’s diffic ult for one to get used to another country’s habit.
21.free形容词空闲的free time；免费的the drink is for free；自由的
I want to become a free bird.
free使……解脱，得到自由：He could not free his arm.
22.run out用完，用尽
When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.
物sth. run out. 某物用尽了。
人sb. run out of sth. 人用尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night 23.risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事take a risk=take risks 冒险
24.the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性
We students should know the importance of (learning) English. importance n. 重要（性），important adj.重要的，unimportant adj.不重要的
25.decision 名词决定；抉择；make
a decision 做决定;
make a decision to do sth.= decide to do sth.
26. be in the control of …掌管，管理The headmaster is in the control of this new school.
be out of control无法控制，无法管理be under control被控制住，在控制之中27.mind意为介意，mind doing sth. 介意做某事, Would you mind my opening the window?
28.give up (doing) sth. 放弃（做）某事，give up (playing) computer games；give up后可接名词、代词和动词ing 形式，也可不接，如: Never give up easily
29.反身代词
英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人
1)
①可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。Maria bought herself a scarf. We must look after ourselves very well.
②可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。如：She isn’t quite herself today.
③可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。
She herself will fly to London tomorrow.
I met the writer himself last week.
④用在某些固定短语当中
look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself自学
enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快help oneself to sth 请自用……（随便吃/喝些……）.
hurt oneself摔伤自己say to oneself自言自语leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下
buy oneself sth.给自己买……东西introduce oneself 介绍……自己
2）反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。
误：Myself can finish my homework.
正：I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.
3）反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的（东西）”时，须要用one’s own.
误：I’m drawing with myself crayons.正：I’m drawing with my own crayons.
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新人教版八年级下册英语期末测试卷带答案Prepared on 21 November 2021
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2018人教版八年级英语下册期末测试题
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i on? o n A 1 (1a-2d) 一、教学目标： 1. 语言知识目标： 1) 能掌握以下单词： e lf 能掌握以下句型： — i o — a ins. — — . — e? —Y ./N ’ . 2) 能了解以下语法： —复合不定代词some i ng等的用法。 — f等反身代词的用法。 3）一般过去时态的特殊疑问句，一般疑问句及其肯定、否定回答。 2. 情感态度价值观目标： 学会用一般过去时进行信息交流，培养学生的环保意识，热爱大自然。 二、教学重难点
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n ing . n. r e . a ins. r e? . time. . d time. . . r e. . r s. IV．Pair work . . . . N . r e. . .r oom and give any help they need. . o ns. n ing . ’ . .Yes, or No.
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