定语从句之介词加关系代词

定语从句之介词加关系代词

1.“介词+which”在定语从句中作时间?地点?原因状语，相当于关系副词。如:

(1)This is the reason for which(=____) he left the company.

这就是他离开公司的原因。

(2)He will never forget the day on which (=_____) he went there.

他永远忘不了去那儿的那一天。

(3)Is this company the one in which (=______) you worked half a year ago?这就是半年前你在那儿工作的公司吗?

2.“介词+which/whom”在定语从句中作_____?_____状语。如:

(1)Can you tell me for whom you are working?

你能告诉我你现在为谁工作吗?

(2) The train by which he is travelling is arriving.

他乘坐的那辆火车就要到了。

3.“不定代词?数词或名词+of which/whom”在定语从句中充当______。如:

(1)There are sixty students in our class，all of whom are working hard.

班上有60 名学生，他们都在努力学习。

(2)He paid the boy 10 yuan for cleaning the windows, most of which hadn’t been cleaned f or at least a year.

他给了那个男孩十元钱擦那些至少一年未擦的窗户。

4.“形容词最高级+介词+关系代词”在定语从句中充当______。如:

(1)There are sixty students in the class,the tallest of whom is Li Ming.

班上有六十名学生，其中最高的是李明。

(2)There are seven continents in the world,the largest of which is Asia.

全球有七大洲，最大的是亚洲。

5.“the+n.+of+which”引导的定语从句,相当于______引导的定语从句。如:

(1)We took a photo of a rocket，the length of which was about 30 meters.

=We took a photo of a rocket，whose length was about 30 meters.

我们给火箭拍了照，火箭大约长30米。

(2)Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase，the price of which was very reasonable.

=Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase，whose price was very reasonable.

最近我买了一个中国古代花瓶，价格非常合理。

6. 介词 by +which (指物),whom (指人), 在被动结构中表明动作的发出者.1）The wolf by which the sheep was killed was shot.

2) The man by whom the wolf was shot is a good hunter.

7. of which 代替______，指物，用作分句中的后置定语。

1）I saw some trees ， the leaves of which （=whose leaves ）were black with disease。

2） He mentioned a book ， the title of which （=whose title ） I have forgotten。

8．介词+which （指_____），whose （指_____），作前置定语，修饰后面的中心词。

1） It rained all night and all day ，during which time the ship broke into pieces。

2）The driver was the man from whose room she had stolen the map。

9.“介词+which+不定式”此结构相当于一个简化了的定语从句。如:

(1)He found something about which to write

=He found something about which he could write.

他发现有些事是可以写的。

(2)The poor man has no house in which to live.

=The poor man has no house in which he can live. 这个穷人没有房子住。

10. 复合介词+关系代词。如：

Go down this road, at the end of which you can see a high building and it is our office building.

沿着条路走，在路的尽头你会看到一座高大的建筑，那就是我们的办公大楼。

11.介词的选用：

(1) 从先行词跟介词的搭配习惯出发。如：

In front of my house, there is a tree, in which some birds are singing. 我的房子前有一棵树，鸟儿正在树上唱歌。(在树上一般用介词in)

(2) 从定语从句中的动词、形容词对介词的习惯要求出发。如：

The computer for which I paid 5,000yuan is made in Shenzhen. 我花了五千元所买的这台电脑是深圳造的。( pay 与for搭配)

(3) 从先行词、定语从句中的动词或形容词两方面同时考虑出发。如：

Do you know the girl with whom the man talked just now? 你认识跟那个男谈话的女孩吗？(talk 究竟接to, with还是接about, 这该由动词及先行词一起决定)

注意：当定语从句的动词与介词是不可分割的固定搭配时，介词不能放到关系代词之前。如:listen to，depend on，take care of，pay attention to，look at等。

This is the boy whom she has taken care of.

这就是那个她照顾的非常好的男孩。

That is a problem which we should pay close attention to.

这是一个我们应该密切关注的问题。

强化训练

一﹑多项选择

1．A good ad often uses words_____people attach positive meanings。

A．in which B to which C。 for which on which

2．Dr Curtis Welch discovered that some children had a terrible disease_____he had no medicine。

A．by which B。 on which C。 for which D。to which

3．There were two possessions of the James Dillingham Youngs ______they both took great pride。

A． in which B。 for which C。 of which D。 on which

4. Do you know the reason ______he didn’t come here?

A. of it

B. for it

C. which

D. for which

5. The book, the cover,______is broken, is not mine.

A. of it

B. for it

C. in where

D. of which

6. Have you found the cave _______the bear is hibernating?

A. for that

B. in which

C. in where

D. of which

7. I used to live in a house,_______grew a tall tree.

A. in front of it

B. in front of which

C. in the front of which

D.in the front of it

8．The boss paid us 10 dollars for washing ten cars，_____ hadn’t been cleaned for at least half a year.

A. most of these

B. most of them

C. most of that

D. most of which

9.Do you know the man _______I shook hands?

A. with which

B. for whom

C. to whom

D. with whom

10.This is the worker, _____the book was written.

A. who

B. whom

C. of whom

D. by whom

11.I like the way______he talks and laughs.

A. which

B. when

C. in which

D. for which

12. These are the tools______to work.

A.with them

B. by these

C. by which

D. with which

13．In the new city there wasn‘t a single person_____the poor boy could turn for help.

A.that

B. who

C. from whom

D. to whom

14．She was educated at Beijing University ，_____she went on to have her advanced study abroad.

A.after that

B.from which

C. from that

D. after which

15.His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone______family was poor.

A. of whom the

B. whom

C. of whose

D.the

16. Frank’s dream was to have his own shop______to produce the works of his own hands.

A. that

B. in which

C. by which

D. how

17. I have many friends ,_____some are businessmen.

A. of them

B. from which

C. who of

D. of whom

18. My aunt,_______life was hard, earned little money.

A. for whose

B. for which

C. for who

D. for whom

二﹑根据句意填入空白处相应的介词+关系代词：

1. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, ________ he could see what was happening inside the house.

2. The age ________ children can go to school is seven.

3. Do you know the building ________ is flying a red flag.

4. The dog, ________ she used to be afraid, is her favourite animal now.

5. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m. ________ time many people have gone home.

6. The speed ________ Tom drives his car is too high.

7. Tom is the boy ________ I went to the cinema together.

8. The stories about Lei Feng, ________ this is one example, are well written.

9. The two things ________ Marx was not too sure were grammar and some of idoms.

三﹑句型转换(每空限填一词)：

1. They live in a house, whose windows are made of glass.

They live in a house, ________ ________ ________ ________ are made of glass.

2. He has two daughters, and both of them are college students.

He has two daughters, ________ ________ ________ are college students.

3. China has hundreds of islands, the largest of which is Tai Wan.

China has hundreds of islands, ________ ________ the largest is Tai Wan.

4. Can you think of a situation where this word is used?

Can you think of a situation ________ ________ this word is used?

5. China has a lot of famous writers and Lu Xun is one of them.

China has a lot of famous writers, one ________ ________ is Lu Xun.

6. This was the real reason why he was late for yesterday's meeting.

This was the real reason ________ ________ he was late for yesterday's meeting.

7. Can you tell me the way that the machine works?

Can you tell me the way ________ ________ the machine works?

8. This kind of colorless gas is called oxygen. We can't live without it.

This kind of colorless gas ________ ________ we can't live is called oxygen.

9. The person you should send this letter to is Mr. Ball.

The person ________ ________ you should send this letter is Mr. Ball.

10. There was a time in history when black slaves could be bought and sold in America.

There was a time in history ________ ________ black slaves could be bought and sold in America.