高考英语专题主谓一致知识点真题汇编含解析

高考英语专题主谓一致知识点真题汇编含解析
高考英语专题主谓一致知识点真题汇编含解析

高考英语专题主谓一致知识点真题汇编含解析

一、选择题

1.We are going to spend the Spring festival in Guangzhou, _____ my grandparents and some relatives.

A.which live B.that lives C.where live D.who lives 2.When and where we shall bulid a larger home for the aged ________ to be discussed by the local government.

A.remains B.remain C.is remained D.are remaining 3.Susan, as well as her friends, ______ a warm welcome when they arrived yesterday.

A.is given B.are given C.were given D.was given 4.Every possible means ________ to prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not clear.

A.is used B.are used C.have used D.has been used 5.Typically, with high-status and well-paid jobs ________ far more pressure than assumed. A.are coming B.is coming C.come D.comes 6.Actually, the garden, as well as the trees around it, a man living across the street.

A.is belonged to B.are belonged to C.belongs to D.belong to 7.Please feel free to tell me if you don’t think two days’ holiday _____ enough.

A.is B.was C.are D.were

8.No one in the department but Tom and I ______ that the director is going to resign. A.have known B.know

C.knows D.am to know

9.Beneath the books _________ a photo, which showed the city had _________ huge changes. A.were; gone through B.was; gone through

C.was; got through D.were; got through

10.—With this New Year_______ new challenges.

一Sure. Global economy remains uncertain, and many countries continue to struggle. A.comes B.will come

C.is coming D.come

11.A large quantity of water _________ polluted in the past twenty years across China.

A.is B.are C.has been D.have been 12._____ of the students who took part in the military training is 450.

A.A number B.A lot C.A few D.The number 13.Doctors always tell us that drinking too much________our health,but some people don’t care.

A.is harm to B.does harmful to

C.is harmful to D.do harm to

14.—Lydia, what did our head-teacher say just now?

—Every boy and every girl as well as the teachers who _____ to lead the group _____ asked to be at the

school gate before 6:30 in the morning.

A.is; is B.are; are C.are; is D.is; are

15.That they were wrong in these matters _____ now clear to us all.

A.is B.was C.are D.were

16.—How can I live my dreams in a short time?

—Be practical. Between you and your dreams ________ a lot of hard work.

A.stand B.stands

C.is standing D.are standing

17.When the sun’s rays hit the earth, a lot of heat ______________ back into space

A.are reflected B.is reflected

C.reflects D.were reflected

18.A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city ____________ in favour of the proposal on health care reform.

A.is B.are C.was D.were

19.Two fifths of the highway ________ so far.

A.has been completed B.was completed

C.have been completed D.has completed

20.The number of people, who have access to their own cars, ______ sharply in the past decade. A.rose B.is rising C.have risen D.has risen 21.Peter, as well as my other classmates, _____ going to attend a lecture next Sunday.

A.was B.is C.are D.were

22.It is you rather than he who _________ deliver a speech in the meeting tonight.

A.Is going to B.are going to C.was going to D.were going to 23.Not only the students but also the teacher ______ against the plan in yesterday's meeting. A.is B.was C.are D.were

24.— Why is the chemical plant closed?

— Because large quantities of waste water ______ into the Yangtze River.

A.has been released B.is being released

C.was released D.have been released

25.I don't know when he back. Please tell me when he back.

A.comes, comes B.comes, will come C.will come, comes

【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除

一、选择题

1.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查非限制性定语从句关系副词和倒装句以及主谓一致。句意:我们打算在广州过春节,我的祖父母和一些亲戚住在那里。分析句子可知,先行词为Guangzhou为地点,故关系副词使用where。且定语从句为完全倒装句,句子的主语为my grandparents and some relatives,所以谓语为live。故选C项。

2.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致。句意:我们何时何地为老年人建一个更大的家还有待当地政府讨论。当由连词and连接的两个并列的成分做句子的主语的时候,如果表示的是同一事物或者同一概念的时候,谓语动词使用单数形式。根据句意说明这是指同一件事情,且句子的remain是一个系动词,没有被动形式。故选A项。

3.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致和时态语态。句意:昨天Susan和她的朋友们到达的时候,她们受到了热烈的欢迎。当“A as well as B”结构充当主语的时候,谓语动词单复数形式要和A保持一致,本句要和Susan保持一致,谓语动词使用单数形式;根据时间状语yesterday说明本句叙述过去的事情,要使用一般过去时,且主语和give a warm welcome构成被动关系,要使用一般过去时的被动语态。故D项正确。

【点睛】

本题考查了主谓一致中的语法一致原则。所谓语法一致原则是指主语和谓语在单复数形式上的一致关系,主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;反之,谓语动词用复数形式。当主语后接with, along with, together with, like, except, but, besides, as well as,including,no less than等词或短语时,谓语动词的单复数形式与主语保持一致。例如:

Nobody except Lucy and Lily wants to go boating. 除了露西和莉莉没有人想去划船。

Tom together with his parents has ever been to Tianjin. 汤姆和他父母曾经去过天津。

4.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致和动词时态语态。句意:所有可能的方法都被用来防止空气污染,但天空仍然不明朗。means当名词解释为"方法",单复数同型,且every+主语,谓语动词用单数;means与动词use之间是被动关系,根据语境“所有的方法都用了”,应该用现在完成时的被动语态。故选D。

【点睛】

“each/every+单数名词+and+单数名词”等结构作主语

当“each/every+单数名词+and+单数名词”或“each/every+单数名词+and+ each/every+单数名词”结构作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式。如:

Each boy and each girl has been invited to the teaparty. 每个男孩和每个女孩都被邀请参加茶话会。

The boy and the girl each have their own toys. 这个男孩和这个女孩都有他们自己的玩具。5.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

考查倒装句。句意:通常情况下,社会地位高和薪水高的工作带来的压力远远超过人们的想象。为了强调而将作状语的介词短语放在句首,而将主语放到句末从而形成倒装,这种倒装句中的谓语多为以下不及物动词: come, lie, stand, walk, 且为全部倒装的形式。例如:Under the big tree was sitting an old farmer. 大树下坐着一个老农夫。Along the dusty road came a group of tourists. 一群游客沿着尘土飞扬的路走来。根据句意,此句应使用一般现在时,pressure是主语,谓语动词用comes,故选D。

6.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态。句意:实际上,花园和周围的树都属于生活在住在街对面一个人。belong to“属于”,无被动式;故A、B项错误;主语是the garden,as well as the trees around it 修饰主语作定语,主语是第三人称单数,故谓语动词用单数,故选C。

7.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和主谓一致。句意:如果你认为两天的假期不够,请随时告诉我。根据句子时态的一致性可知,本句要用一般现在时,不能用一般过去时,故B和D是错误的。分析句子的结构可知,句中的two days’ holiday是think宾语从句的主语,当主语表示时间时,谓语动词要用单数。故A正确。

8.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致。句意:除了Tom和我没有人知道经理要辞职。本句主语是短语“No one in the department but Tom and I”,谓语动词应该和no one保持一致,所以要适应单数,排除AB项,D项的主语是I,故C项正确。

9.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致和动词词组。句意:在书的下面是一张照片,它展示出这个城市已经经历的巨大变化。beneath the books是表示方位的介词短语,置句首,句子使用全部倒装,主语是a photo,故谓语动词用单数,故第一空填was;go through经受,仔细检查,通过; get through到达,做完,接通电话。综上,故选B。

10.D

解析:D

【解析】

句意:----新的挑战伴随着这个新年到来了。---当然。全球经济仍存在不确定性,许多国家继续争斗。介词放在句首,主语和谓语动词完全倒装,这种倒装句一般只有一般现在时和一般过去时,故判断选D。

11.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查时态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的二十年中,中国各地大量的水被污染。“a

great/large quantity of+名词”作主语时,其谓语的数取决于 quantity的数,谓语动词用单数;时间状语in the past twenty years和现在完成时连用,因此此处用has been done形式。故选C项。

【点睛】

“a large quantity of +名词”和“large quantities of+名词”作主语时的主谓一致

a great/large quantity of 和a great/large quantity of意思为“大量,许多”,其后接可数名词或不可数名词。用作主语时,其谓语的数取决于 quantity的数。“a great/large quantity of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数;“great/large quantities of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数。如:

A large quantity of goods was damaged in the storm.大量的货物在风暴中受损。

What does Canada export? Large quantities of wheat are sent abroad.

加拿大出口什么?大批小麦被送到国外。

Large quantities of cultural relics and samples are also preserved.

大量的文化遗物和样品也保存在这里。

In this process, a large quantity of Chinese outstanding enterprises is blooming.

在这个过程中,一大批中国优秀的企业迅速发展。

12.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致。句意:参加军训的学生的数量是459人。A. A number of+可数名词复数,谓语是复数;B. a lot of+可数名词复数,谓语是复数;C. a few后面不加of;D. he number of+可数名词的复数“…的数量”,谓语是单数形式。根据后面的谓语is,可以判断选the number,因为the number of+可数名词的复数“…的数量”,谓语是单数形式。故选D项。13.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查固定短语和主谓一致。句意:医生总是告诉我们,喝太多的酒会影响健康,但有些人不在乎。be harmful to sb/sth“对……有害处”,且本句为动名词做主语,所以be动词为is。故选C项。

14.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致。——莉迪亚,我们班主任刚才说什么了?——要求每个男孩和女孩以及带队的老师在早上六点半以前到校门口。第一空是定语从句中的谓语动词,这个定语从句的先行词是the teachers,所以谓语动词使用复数形式。第二空是主句的谓语动词,句子的主语是Every boy and every girl,所以谓语动词使用单数形式。因为every/each/no+单数名词+ every/each/no做主语的时候,谓语动词使用单数形式。故C正确。

15.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查时态和主谓一致。句意:他们在这些事情上是错的,现在我们都清楚了。分析句子可知,That they were wrong in these matters是主语从句,谓语动词要用单三式;now是句子的时间状语,因此用一般现在时态。故选A。

16.B

解析:B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:—我怎么能在短时间内实现我的梦想?—实际一些。你和你的梦想之间还有大量艰苦工作。Between you and your dreams是介词短语,位于句首,句子用倒装形式,work是不可数名词,用单三形式说明现在的情况,故选B。

考点:考查倒装句的用法。

17.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查动词时态语态及主谓一致。句意:当太阳光线照射到地球上时,大量的热量被反射回太空。句子描述的是客观事实,应使用一般现在时;heat是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数,且与reflect是逻辑被动关系,应使用被动语态。故选B。

18.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:去年进行的一项调查显示,该市80%的中年人赞成医疗改革的建议。通过分析句子结构并翻译语境可知,主句时态为一般过去时,根据时态一致性可知从句中时态也为一般过去时,且从句中主语80% of the middle-aged是复数,按照主谓一致原则,因此使用be动词were。故选D项。

19.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意:到目前为止,五分之二的高速公路已经完工。由so far 得出要用现在完成时,且主语与谓语为被动关系。分数、百分数+of+名词”等短语作主语时,谓语动词常与of后的名词保持数的一致。谓语的单复数与the highway保持一致,用单数形式。故选A项。

20.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的十年里,拥有私家车的人数急剧增加。根据后文in the past decade可知表示过去发生的动作持续到现在应用现在完成时,主语为The number of people,助动词应用has。故选D。

【点睛】

主谓一致之意义一致。

“a number of+复数名词”与“the number of+复数名词”作状语

a number of表示“很多……”,后跟可数名词的复数形式,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形

式;

the number of表示“……的数目”,中心词是number,所以是单数,作主语时,谓语动词用单数。如:

The number of the students in our class is 50. 我们班学生的数量是五十。

A number of workers were fired. 一些工人被解雇了。

21.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致和时态。句意:Peter和我的其他同学,下星期天要去听讲座。由as well as 连接的两个名词作句子主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于as well as之前的名词的单复数;根据Peter可知,本句的谓语动词使用单数形式。有根据句末的时间状语next Sunday,可知用一般将来时。故此题选B。

22.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查强调句式和主谓一致。句意:是你而不是他今晚要发表演讲。分析句子结构可知,句中存在强调句式,被强调的主语是you rather than he,谓语动词be going to,主谓之间遵循就远原则,谓语动词与主语you一致,故排除A、C项;结合主句is可知,用一般现在时,因此使用are going to。故选B项。

23.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意:在昨天的会议上,不仅学生,而且老师都反对这项计划。在由not only…but (also)…连接的并列成分作主语时,其谓语通常要与靠近的主语保持一致,本句中谓语应与the teacher保持一致,用单数,且根据后文in yesterday's meeting可知应用一般过去时was。故选B。

24.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致。句意:——这家化工厂为什么关闭了?——因为大量的废水被排放到长江里面。a quantity of后面的动词谓语单复数视其所修饰的名词单复数而定,而quantities of不

管后接可数还是不可数名词均常用复数。排除A、B、C,故选D。

25.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意:我不知道他将会在什么时候回来。当他回来时,请告诉我。第一个空,结合语境"我不知道他什么时候回来",是宾语从句,表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,应该用一般将来时态will come.第二个空,结合语境"当他回来时,请告诉我。",when引导时间状语从句,用一般现在时态表示将来时,主语是he,谓语用第三人称单数comes。故选C。

高考英语专题主谓一致知识点易错题汇编及答案解析

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