如何做好外贸英语翻译

如何做好外贸英语翻译
如何做好外贸英语翻译

如何做好外贸英语翻译

二、全面把握外贸英语词汇的翻译原则

1.把握适合的语场

语场, 即话语范围, 是指在交际过程中实际发生的事, 以及参与者所从事的活动, 其中语言活动是重要组成部分。外贸英语的语场既包括外贸工作者从事的各种进出口业务活动, 又包括他们用以表达进出口业务的语言。在外贸活动中, 为了达到有效交际, 主要语言活动必须紧紧围绕着贸易活动这个话题进行, 贸易工作者必须使用能够有效表达这个话题的语言项目, 如贸易术语、贸易习惯用语、固定语法和语篇格式( 例如国际贸易定价单、合同) 等。也就是说, 外贸英语的语域在很大程度上是由语场来决定的。在国际贸易的悠久历史中, 其词汇、语法结构、习惯用语等已经形成了许多固定表达方式, 而这些表达方式大多数是由语场决定的。在外贸英语翻译时, 译者必须使用表达国际贸易语言意义的词汇和习惯用语,也应当符合外贸英语的语场义。

2.了解不同的文化

翻译意味着传达信息。其准确性依赖于很多因素: 文章本身的可信度、文章类型、目标读者、被翻译文章在使用中的风格以及翻译的目的。而在实际翻译过程中, 译者要了解原文读者对文章的理解如何以及译文读者的反应如何是很困难的, 也就是说如果译者不了解原文和译文各自所代表的文化的特点, 那么他就很难达到对等翻译的目的。中国人和西方人在观察和思维上都存在着差异, 因而对同一种东西及其特征和属性有着不同的概念和表达方式, 翻译时译者必须清楚地了解中西方对某一具体事物各自不同的表达方式, 越过英汉表达形式的局限进行意义上的对等翻译。例如:

(1)We are interested in the samples you sent to onJuly 4 and have decided to place a trial order for 3 00clests of black tea and 400clests of golden sugar,but onlyif you can guarantee dispatch in time to reach us by theend of July.对于贵公司7 月4 日寄来的样品我们非常有兴趣。现决定试定300 箱红茶和400 箱赤砂糖。惟请规范法保证能在7 月底之前及时交货。

在这一例中如果将black tea 译成“黑茶”、goldensugar 译成“金色糖”的话, 会令人难以理解, 而将它们分别译成“红茶”和“赤砂糖”则符合中国人的文化习惯。

三、密切注意词汇惯用法和搭配

熟悉和掌握英语的惯用法和搭配会对翻译有所帮助,可以帮助我们克服本民族语言和文化的影响而产生的错误,避免直译或不合习惯的类推,从而提高翻译的质量。若不知redtape 常用来表示“繁文缛节”的话,就很可能把它直译成“红带子”。外贸英语中to draw adraft 也可能被想当然地译为“提取一张汇票”,因为draw 一词在to draw money f rom thebank 中有“提取、提款”的意思。请看例句:

(1) The exporter has drawn a draft on the importer for USD 5 ,800 with relevant shippingdocument

s attached.此句中to draw a draft 是to write out a draft ,即“开立一张汇票”之义,而该义一般不用to open a draft 来表达。明确了该搭配的意义后,全句可译为:“出口方开立了一张金额为5 800 美元、以进口方为付款人的汇票,随附相关货运单据”。再如,in favor of 和in the red 在外贸英语中也有其习惯用法和意义,翻译时要引起注意。例(10) 中的in favor of 根据上下文应译为“以某某为受益人”,而不应译为“支持”或“有利于”。

当然,外贸英语合同语言还有其他一些特点,如多用正式和法律用词,多在here , there ,where 后加后缀使用等,限于篇幅,在此不逐一列出这些翻译错误。总之,在翻译外贸英语合同时,了解类似用法特点是十分必要的,只有这样才能保证合同翻译的准确无误,才能充分体现合同具有的法律效力。

以上只是对外贸英语词汇翻译中常见的一些错误进行初步分析,外贸英语的翻译错误决不只是局限于以上三个方面,还有其他一些因素,如中英文化、思维方式的差异,译者中英文两种语言理解和驾驭能力不够,等等,都会给语际间的转换造成实际障碍,从而导致各种各样的错误产生。在翻译外贸英语内容时,除了勤查词典、字斟句酌之外,平时还应注重外贸知识学习,了解外贸英语的特点,熟悉外贸术语、常用表达,善于积累,掌握丰富的英语语言知识和外贸专业知识,尽可能消除交际中种种障碍,从而达到准确、忠实传递信息的目的。

英语期末翻译

英语期末翻译 Unit 5 line45-51 原文:These managers were honest in all aspects of their work. They gave credit to their employees for ideas taken forward to senior executives and explained to them new rules, new strategies, and policy or procedural changes with candor. The business urban legends of politicking, networking, and climbing the ladder of succession on the backs of others were foreign to these managers. These managers understood not just being honest, but also the gospel principles of kindness and fairness are important. They were successful because of these qualities, not despite them. Their employment security resulted from a simple devotion to basic commandments of honesty. 译文:这些经理在他们工作的各个方面都恪守诚信。他们赞赏员工们能给高级行政管理人员转去新想法时,把功劳正确地归功于员工,坦率地向员工们解释新的规则、新的策略以及和政策性或程序性的变化等。商业中时有所闻的不正当竞争、裙带关系和踩着他人往上爬等对于这些经理们来说都是格格不入的。这些经理们懂得,不仅仅是诚信,还包括善良和公平这些《圣经》福音中的原则也都是重要的。他们取得了成功是因为他们具备了这些素质,而不是违背了这些要求。他们的工作稳固只是因为他们恪守基本的诚实律条。 Unit6 line18-21 原文:Some confrontations on the pitch are gladiatorial. In this respect, our sports heroes are our gladiators. A football match, especially between rival teams, isn’t some light-hearted display of athletic prowess. The self is emotionally involved in the outcome because whoever you’re rooting for represents YOU. So professional footballers seem to recreate the intense emotions in some fans that tribal warfare aroused in their forebears. It could even be that these emotions have fuelled the explosion in the popularity of sports over the past 20 years. 译文:球场上的一些对抗是激烈的。从这方面看,我们的体育英雄就是我们的斗士。足球比赛,尤其是在竞争对手之间,并不是一种轻松的运动技艺的展现。你自身会情感上介入比赛结果,因为你所全力支持的球队代表着你。所以,对一些球迷来说,职业足球选手似乎能再现当年部落战争对他们的祖先所产生的那种紧张情绪。甚至可以说,正是这种情绪在过去的20年中加速了人们迷恋体育运动的狂热化。 Line 54-61 原文:Being an ardent fan could be simply the desire to belong to a group or a society — a need once answered by religion and politics. This explains why some fans remain loyal through thick and thin, and despite the repeated failure of their teams. Surrounding yourself at a match with people who so clearly espouse your own enthusiasm, and identifying your tribal membership with hats, scarves, Mexican waves3 and songs, makes you feel you belong as little else does. What’s more, you’re part of a group where no questions are asked, explanations are unnecessary and where you can always rely on support. With so many traditional institutions like religion and family beginning to break down, the football crowd is the perfect family. 译文:一名热情的球迷可能只是希望自己属于某一团体或组织——这是曾经被宗教和政治所满足的一种需求。这可以解释为什么一些球迷面对球队的不断地失利依然义无反顾地忠诚于他们的球队。在比赛中,你周围的人群能够激起你极大的热情,而且你可以通过挥舞帽子和围巾、墨西哥式的人浪以及歌唱来表明你只属于这一群体。而且,你是这一群体的一员,在这里从不问问题,没有必要解释,并且总是有人支持你。随着宗教和家庭等诸多传统体系开始分解,足球人群就成了完美的家庭。

英语翻译期末试卷

黄山学院初等教育学院2008-2009学年度第二学期06级英语班《英语翻译》期末考试卷 班级序号姓名成绩 一、选择题。(请将答案写在序号前面)20% 1. Success in many fields depends on getting the latest information. A. 许多领域的成功都取决于能否得到最新消息。 B. 田里的收成在很多方面依靠获得最新的消息。 C. 从很多方面讲,成功主要依靠在最后的时刻还能得到信息。 D. 在众多领域里,成功是获得最晚信息的保障。 2. At least three persons died in the fire and 23 others were injured. A. 至少3人因这次火灾和另外23次火灾造成死亡。 B. 起码有3个人在大火中丧命,23个以外的人受伤。 C. 火灾造成至少3人死亡,23人受伤。 D. 至少有3人死于火海,23人被火海包围。 3. Not only has he a first-class brain, but he is also a tremendously hard worker. A. 在一班,他不仅是头领,而且,也是一个非常严肃的工作者。 B. 他有一流的头脑,是个非常难对付的家伙。 C. 他不仅头脑好用,而且,还喜欢做极端困难的工作。 D. 他不仅头脑非常聪明,而且,工作上也非常勤奋。 4. It is reported that some areas of Australia have had no rain for more than four years. A. 有报道说,澳大利亚地区已经4年多没下雨了。 B. 据报道,澳大利亚的部分地区有4年多没下雨了。 C. 澳大利亚的个别地方被报道说没下雨的时间已经超过了4年。 D. 报纸报道,某些澳大利亚地区已经有4年多没下雨的时间。 5. The village was named after the high mountain standing in front of it. A. 这个村庄是以矗立在它面前的那座高山命名的。 B. 这个村庄的名字是来自于它面前的那座高山。 C. 这个村庄的名字是在前面的那座高山之后起的。 D. 这个村庄的名字是以站立在它面前的那座高山起的。 6. It was officially announced that the birth rate dropped greatly in the past three years. A. 据官方宣布,出生率在过去的三年中有了大幅下降。 B. 正式宣布,过去三年的出生率大幅下降。 C. 正式宣布,出生率大幅下降在过去三年。 D. 据正式声明,过去三年的出生率大幅下降。 7. The introduction of the new technique reduced the cost of the product three times. A. 对新技术的介绍,使产品的成本减少到三分之一。 B. 新技术的引进使产品的成本减少了三倍。 C. 对新技术的介绍使产品的成本减少到原来的三分之二。 D. 新技术的引进使产品成本减少了三分之二。 8. If you are buying a car, you may pay for it out of savings. A. 假使你正在买一辆汽车,你也许会透支购买。 B. 如果你要买一辆汽车,你可以用自己的储蓄存款支付。 C. 假定你打算买一辆汽车,你得花掉你得全部存款。 D. 加入你买一辆汽车,你需要用你的积蓄交此款。 9. Full-service banks can offer services unavailable at smaller financial institutions. A. 全面服务的银行能提供在小财政机构所不能获得的服务。 B. 提供全方位服务的银行能提供较小的金融机构所不能提供的服务。 C. 充满了服务的银行可能提供给较小的财政机构某些无法获得的服务 D. 全面服务的银行可能提供服务,这种服务是较小的金融机构所不能提供的。 10. The following qualifications are required from the candidates for the above position. A. 我们要求应聘高职位的求职者需具备以下资历。 B. 应聘以上职位,需具备下列资格。 C. 候选人为了高职位要求自己具备以下资历。 D. 以下资历是对应聘此职位的候选人的要求。 二、用正反表达法翻译下列句子。20% 1. The teacher found some of the pupils absent. 2. I wonder if he is coming. 3. Your request is beyond my power. 4. You will fail unless you work harder. 5. That lazy boy went to class before he had prepared his lesson. 6. Be sure to lock the door when you leave. 7. Students, with no exception, are to hand in their papers this afternoon. 8. The doubt still unsolved after his repeated explanation. 9. Such flight couldn’t long escape notice. 10. All the articles are untouchable in the museum. 三、用重复法翻译下列句子。20% 1. We should learn how to analyze and solve problems. 2. It's our duty to rebuild and defend our home-land. 3. People forget your face first, then your name. 4. Each had his own business to handle. 5. Big families had their own difficulties.

外贸英语翻译之价格篇

外贸英语翻译之价格篇(一) Business is closed at this price. 交易就按此价敲定。 Your price inacceptable (unacceptable). 你方价格可以(不可以)接受。 Your price is feasible (infeasible). 你方价格是可行(不可行)的。 Your price is workable. 你们出价可行。 Your price is realistic (unrealistic). 你方价格合乎实际(不现实)。 Your price is reasonable (unreasonable). 你方价格合理(不合理)。 Your price is practicable (impracticable). 你方价格是行得通的(行不通)。 Your price is attractive (not attractive). 你方价格有吸引力(无吸引力)。 Your price is inducing (not inducing). 你方价格有吸引力(无吸引力)。 Your price is convincing (not convincing). 你方价格有吸引力(无吸引力)。 Your price is competitive (not competitive). 你方价格有竞争力(无竞争力)。 The goods are (not) competitively priced. 此货的定价有(无)竞争力。 Words and Phrases price 价格,定价,开价 priced 已标价的,有定价的 pricing 定价,标价 priced catalogue 定价目录 price of commodities 物价 pricing cost 定价成本 price card 价格目录 pricing method 定价方法 price list 定价政策,价格目录,价格单 pricing policy 定价政策 price format 价格目录,价格表 price tag 价格标签,标价条 price current (p.c.) 市价表 (二) Price is turning high(low). 价格上涨(下跌)。 Price is high(low). 价格高(低)。 Price is rising (falling). 价格上升(下降)。

七年级上册英语期末翻译练习

根据汉语意思,一空一词 1. 这个用英语怎么说? What ‘s this _______ __________? 2. 请把这个拼写一下。 Please ________ _________. 3. 这只钢笔是什么颜色? ________ _________ is the pen? 4. —你叫什么名字?—我叫吉娜。 —_________ your name? —_________ name is Gina. 5. 她姓什么? ___________ her _________ name? 6. 他的电话号码是什么? ___________ ___________ telephone number? 7. 我叫玛丽。很高兴见到你。 __________ Mary. ___________ to __________ you. 8. —你的妈妈好吗?—谢谢。她很好。 —How _________ your mother? —Thanks. She ______ fine. 9. 这是你的橡皮吗? ________ this your ___________? 10. 你怎么拼写? __________ do you __________ ___________? 11. 请问这是你的书包吗? __________ __________, ________this your __________? 12. 那不是我的手表。 That ________ my ____________. 13. 你的学生证在失物招领箱里。 Your _______ ID _______ is ______ the _______ and ______ case. 14. 请打电话021—35028找Tony。 Please _______ Tony __________ 021- 35028. 15. 那些是你的父母、爷爷和奶奶吗? Are __________ your ___________ and _____________? 16. 这些是我的兄弟姐妹。 ____________ are my ___________ and _____________. 17. —她是你妈妈吗? —不,她不是。她是我妈的妹妹。 —Is ________ your _________? —No, she ________. She is my __________ __________. 18. 谢谢你的来信。 ________ ____ ______ your letter. 19. 他的钥匙在桌子上。 His keys _________ _________ the __________. 20. —我的书在哪里? —在床上。 —_________ ________ my _________.? —They’ re ________ the bed. 21. 我的飞机模型在哪里?

外贸函电期末备考翻译

2.获悉你地市场对核桃有很大的需求,兹附上第6868号报价单供参考。 2. We have learnt that there is a good demand for walnuts in your market, and take this opportunity of enclosing our Quotation Sheet NO.6868 for your consideration. 3.你方6月3日来电要求women报第33号毯子。现确认我方于6月6日电报向你放报盘如下,该盘不受约束。 3. In reply to your cable of June 3, which asked us to make an offer for our Blanket No.33, we wish to confirm our cable dispatched on June 6 offering you without engagement the following: P.147 2.我已接受你方85号订单订购货号1002号印花布十万码。请告颜色搭配并按合同规定的条款开立以我方为抬头的有关信用证。 2. Y our Order No. 85 for 100,000 yards of Cotton Prints Art. NO. 1002 has been booked. Please let us know the color assortment at once and open the covering L/C in our favor according to the terms contracted. 3.我们得悉上述货物的有关信用证即将开出。请放心,一收到你方信用证,我方将尽早安排第一艘可以订得舱位的轮船运装。 3. We learn that an L/C covering the above-mentioned goods will be established immediately. Y ou may rest assured that we will arrange for dispatch by the first available steamer with the least possible delay upon receipt of your L/C. P.163 1.请注意,付款是以保兑的,不可撤销的,允许分装和转船,见票即付的信用证支付。 1. Please note that payment is to be made by confirmed, irrevocable L/C allowing partial shipment(s) and transshipment available by draft at sight. 2.我们的付款方式,一般是以保兑的,不可撤销的,以我公司为受益人的,按发票金额见票即付的信用证支付。该信用证应通过我们认可的银行开出。 2. Our usual mode of payment is by confirmed, irrevocable letter of credit, available by draft at sight for the full amount of the invoice value to be established in our favor through a bank acceptable to us. 6.你方以付款交单方式付款的要求,我方予以考虑。鉴于这笔交易金额甚微,我们准备以此方式办理装运。 6. Y our request for payment by D/P has been taken into consideration. In view of the small amount of this transaction, we are prepared to effect shipment of this basis. P.174 2.如你方信用证在月底前达到我处,我们将尽最大努力在下月初安排装运你们所订的货。 2. If your L/C reaches us by the end of this month, we will exert out utmost efforts to arrange shipment of your ordered goods at the beginning of next month. 3.由于你方没有及时开立有关第1033号售货确认书的信用证,我们不得不撤销这份确认书,并要你方负担由此而产生的一切损失。 3. As you have failed to establish in time the L/C covering our Sales Confirmation No.1033, we have to rescind this Sales Confirmation and hold you responsible for all the losses arising therefrom.

英语期末考试句子翻译

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