新编英美概况(许鲁之)Chapter 5 word for PPT
Chapter 5
Confederation and the Constitution
Key words in this chapter:
?Articles of Confederation
?Constitution Convention
?Congress
?Federalists
?Antifederalists
?Bill of Rights
?Lousiana Purchase
?The War of 1812
?Kansas Nebraska Act
President Obama on the Passing of Steve Jobs: "He changed the way each of us sees the world." ?Michelle and I are saddened to learn of the passing of Steve Jobs. Steve was among the greatest of American innovators - brave enough to think differently, bold enough to believe he could change the world, and talented enough to do it.
?By building one of the planet’s most successful companies from his garage, he exemplified the spirit of American ingenuity独创力. By making computers personal and putting the internet in our pockets, he made the information revolution not only accessible, but intuitive and fun. And by turning his talents to storytelling, he has brought joy to millions of children and grownups alike. Steve was fond of saying that he lived every day like it was his last. Because he did, he transformed our lives, redefined entire industries, and achieved one of the rarest feats in human history: he changed the way each of us sees the world.
?The world has lost a visionary有远见卓识者. And there may be no greater tribute to Steve’s success than the fact that much of the world learned of his passing on a device he invented. Michelle and I send our thoughts and prayers to Steve’s wife Laurene, his family, and all those who loved him.
Articles of Confederation
?Adopted by Congress in Nov. 1777, and sent to the 13 states for ratification.
?It came into effect in 1781.
?created a central government by constitutional compact but do not give it power to regulate the conduct of individuals.
The Articles of Confederation established
?a fragile league of friendship
?a very loose union of states within the framework of a central government
?little unity between the states
?Very limited power to the central government
Shays' rebellion
?angry masses got together and stormed prisons to set free prisoners of debt. They attacked government institutions to protest against the unfair treatment.
?Soon a large part of Massachusetts was involved. Shays tried to interfere with the courts, and some 400 men demonstrated against the state legislature.
?When the rebels attacked the federal arsenal at Springfield, state troops were called out and quickly put down the rebellion.
?Shay’s rebellion caused many Americans to seek a revision of th e Articles. Washinton wrote, ?“We are fast verging to anarchy and confusion.”
?The Articles were referred to as a “rope of sand.”
The Constitutional Convention
?In May 1787, 55 men met in Philadelphia and wrote the Constitution of the United States.
?These attending included such noteworthy men as
?Washington,
?much respected Ben Franklin, now 81, in ill health,
?James Madison of Virginia, whose meticulous journal is the major source of information on the convention, and
?Alexander Hamilton, a fiscal genius.
?They generally approved of a stronger central government than that authorized under the Articles,
?Virginia Plan: larger states should have a larger representation= expressing the sentiments of the large-state
?New Jersey Plan: a small state should have the same voting power as a large state, expressing the small states' sentiments
The president
?--- should be made chief executive and that the president would be elected for four-year terms, not for life.
?a system of presidential electors,
The Slave Issue
?South and North compromised by having only three-fifths of the slaves count in Southern representation and by extending the life of the slave trade until 1808.
?The convention had opened on May 25, and by September 12 the final draft was submitted for approval.
Ratification
?The Constitution needed nine states to ratify before it became effective
New York and Virginia
?In both these states ratification barely carried, requiring the guarantee that a bill of rights would be added to the Constitution.
Federalist Papers
?“Publius” =Pen name
?Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay
?85 articles in the New York newspaper between Oct. 1787 and May 1788
?Puposes:
?supporting ratification of the Constitution;
?defending the principles of the Constitutin;
?dispelling the fears of national authority.
The Antifederalists
?The new Constitution betrayed the Revolution and was a step toward monarchy;
?Not enough powers left to the states;
?Wanted the constitution to spell out the people’s rights;
?It did not do away with slavery.
Bill of Rights
?The Federalists agreed that if the Constitution was accepted, they would support changes to protect the rights of the people.
?The promised changes include ten important amendments which have been known as the Bill of Rights.
?The Constitution ensures the protection of private ownership. It makes it almost impossible for any authority to go against the Constitution without being checked by the other authorities.
?In June 1788, when New Hampshire became the ninth state to ratify, the Constitution came into effect.
Washington as the first president
?Washington swore in before the assembled members of the Congress and large crowds of cheering people on April 30, 1789 in New York, the then Capital of the United States.
?The Constitution said nothing about the organization of the administration. Washington had to work out his own plan.
Hamilton's proposals:
?1. Tax on whiskey (1971)
?2. The National Bank of the United States
?The angry Jefferson resigned his position as Secretary of State and organized his supporters into a group which was known as the Democratic-Republican Party.
?3. The location of the US capital
?
?Hamilton proposed that the Federal Government take over all the debts the states had incurred during the Revolution.
?The Southern States wanted to have a new capital located on the Potomac River. ?Compromise led to the solution of the two problems.
Washington's achievement
?economic development,
?neutral policy in foreign affairs
?transformation of the separate states into a remarkably strong Union.
?At the end of his second term, Washington decided he would not seek reelection. His refusal established the two-term presidency as a tradition in American politics (which was made into law in 1951 by the twenty-second amendment to the Constitution).
The Adams Presidency
?John Adams was elected to succeed Washington. Thomas Jefferson, who had the second highest number of votes, became the new Vice-President.
?His cabinet was manipulated by Alexander Hamilton, who had just returned to private life.
?And his vice-president was from the opposition party.
?The split between Adams and Jefferson increased as time went on.
?Finally, Adams paid less attention to his duties than any of his successors.
The election of 1800
?Jefferson vs vice-president, Aaron Burr,
?tied in electoral college votes.
?After 33 ballots in the House of Representatives,
?Hamilton and a few blank ballot votes
?on the 36th ballot Thomas Jefferson became America's third president.
The Louisiana Purchase
?Jefferson himself wrote," The cession of Louisiana by Spain to France works most sorely on the United States."
?a French Louisiana would make France "our natural and habitual enemy' and would compel America to "marry ourselves to the British fleet and nation."
?Robert Livingston, minister to France offer $2 million to purchase New Orleans and West Florida.
?Jefferson’s s pecial minister, James Monroe, to join Livingston and to offer $10 million for the same territories.
?Napoleon was willing to sell all of Louisiana for a total of $25 million.
Napoleon himself declared,
?"We helped them to be free; now let us help them to be great."
?After some haggling, the American ministers reduced the price to $15 million. This was a great bargain: the US acquired title to 2.6 million square kilometers of land for about three cents per acre, doubling the US land area and made possible further expansion westwards by pushing American frontier west far beyond the Middle West.
?Livingston wrote, "We have lived long, but this is the noblest work of our lives."
?The Louisiana Purchase encompassed portions of 14 current U.S. states and 2 Canadian Provinces. The land purchased contained all of present-day Arkansas, Missouri, Iowa, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, parts of Minnesota that were west of the Mississippi River, most of North Dakota, nearly all of South Dakota, northeastern New Mexico, the portions of Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado east of the Continental Divide, and Louisiana west of the Mississippi River, including the city of New Orleans.
?The land included in the purchase comprises around 23% of the territory of the United States today.
Napoleon Bonaparte, upon completion of the agreement, stated,
?"This accession of territory affirms forever the power of the United States, and I have given England a maritime rival who sooner or later will humble her pride."
James Madison
?Father of the Constitution; as a delegate to the Constitutional Convention, he took a leading part in the fight for a strong central government, and his notes are the only full record of the constitutional debates.
?As a member of the first House of Representatives, he was largely responsible for drafting the Bill of Rights.
?The Louisiana Purchase was Madison's greatest personal success.
The War of 1812
?Direct cause of the war:
?Britain impressed great number of sailors from seized American ships to become crews of its large navy.
Oregon Question:
?a dispute (1840's) over the western part of the boundary, left undetermined by the Anglo-American boundary Commission of 1818 between the U.S. and Canada. The dispute was settled (1846) by a treaty expanding the boundary along 49 parallel from the Rocky Mtn to the Pacific coast. This gave the present states of Oregon, Idaho and Washington to the U.S.A. while Britain obtained Vancouver Island.
?Kansas-Nebraska Act: a law (30 May 1850) which provided that settlers in the newly created territories of Kansas and Nebraska should decide whether to have slavery or not. It nullified the Missouri Compromise and greatly increased the tension which led to the American Civil War.
?Both Adams and Jefferson died on July 4, 1826, 50 years after the acceptance of the Declaration of Independence by Congress.
Changes caused by the war:
?1. Antiwar movement in New England; 2. Tarnished James Madison’s image as a creative statesman;
?3. Strengthened the national unity and patriotism.
新编英美概况许鲁之(第四版)Unit1-12课后习地的题目选择填空
实用标准文档 精彩文案Chapter1 Geographical Features and Natural Resources 1.In area, the United States is the 4th largest country in the world. 2.The Midwest in the US refers to the region around the Great Lakes and the upper Mississippi Valley. 3.The Backbone of North America refers to the Rocky Mountains 4.Death Valley is on the western edge of the Great Basin. 5.The Great Plains might have a dust storm in summer. 6.The western part of Washington State h as the highest rainfall in the US. 7.The US primary suppliers of foreign oil are the following countries except Japan 8.The US largest open-pit copper-mining center is in Utah. 1. The United States is bordered on the north by Canada, on the south by Mexico and the Guff of Mexico, on the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean. 2. The large territory of the continental US is divided into three basic areas: A. the Atlantic seacoast west to the Appalachians B. the Mississippi River Basin C. the Rockies west to the Pacific 3. The Middle Atlantic States are the most densely populated region in the US, where the land is flat and fertile. 4. The Central Valley of California is a highly productive area, which produced enormous amounts of fruits and vegetables. 5. Most production of oil and natural gas in the US comes from offshore areas of Louisiana and Texas, a nd from onshore areas of Texas, Oklahoma a nd California. Her big consumption of energy now has made America insufficient in oil supply. The US reliance of foreign oil has reminded consistently in the 40% ranges. 6. The United States has little trouble caused by the shortage of fresh water. Farmlands in the US making up about 12% of the arable lands in the world, and they are among the richest and most productive. Chapter 2 American Population 1.The over 3 million of early Americans in 1790 were mostly of British ancestry. 2.About 700,000 immigrants were legally received by the US each year during the 1980s. 3.The official racial segregation continued to be the law of the US until 195 4. 4.American Indians now mainly live in the South. 5.The majority of American Hispanics are from the following countries except Spain. 6.The West now leads in percentage increase in population. 7.According to the 1994 US census, the second most populous state in the US is Taxes. 8.The trend in migration from cities to suburbs now prevailed in all regions except the South. 1.The United States is the third most populous nation in the world. 2.Prior to 1875 anyone from any country could enter the US freely and take up permanent residence there. Later the US Congress passed laws restricting immigration on the basis of morality, race, and national origin. The 1952 Immigration and Nationality Act reaffirmed national origin as the chief criterion for eligibility and established a preferential system for skilled workers and for relatives of the US citizens. For many years the US restricted to total number of immigrants to 270,000 each year, although the real immigrants numbered much greater than the limit. The 1990 Immigration Act limits the total number of immigrants to 700,000 from 1992 to 1995 and 675,000 thereafter. 3.The first blacks arrived in Jamestown in 1619 as indentured servants,but soon[ after 1619 they were brought to colonies as slaves.The blacks were formally freed in1863, but continued to suffer the institutionalized segregation for about a century. Today many blacks still live in the South, some have entered the middle class, but one-third of all black families still live below the poverty line. 4.The Chinese-Americans have proved to be industrious and intelligent. They are now viewed as a “ model minority” in the US. According to the 2010 US census, there were about 3.8 million Chinese-Americans living in the US. The figure was more than twice what it was in 1990. Chapter 3 Discovery and Colonization of the New World 1. The ancestors of the present American Indians came from Asia. 2.“The ambition for the vast lands”is not correct to explain the reasons for the sudden daring exploration of the unknown in the mid-15th century.
(完整版)香港朗文英语3A测试卷1-3单元
三年级朗文英语（3A）测试题Chapter1-3 Listening Part (50%) 一、Listen and choose the right answer.听录音，选择正确的答案。（10%） ( ) 1. A. foggy B. windy C. cloudy D. rainy ( ) 2. A. winter B. summer C. spring D. autumn ( ) 3. A. cold B. warm C. cool D. hot ( ) 4. A. 15th July B. 5th June C. 25th June D. 25th July ( ) 5. A. weather B. where C. when D. what ( ) 6. A. June B. July C. May D. December ( )7. A. third B. first C. fourth D. fifth ( ) 8. A. three B. free C. feel D. frog ( ) 9. A. sweet B. cake C.weak D. make ( ) 10. Open Day B. Speech Day C.Sports Day D. the school fair 二、Listen and write the capital letters.听录音排序，写上大写字母编号。（8%） ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 二、Listen and “T”,” F”. 听音，判断对错，对的写T，错的写F。(6%) 1. 2. 3. ( ) ( ) ( ) 4. 5. 6. Sports Day ( ) ( ) ( ) 四、Listen and choo se the right answer, write “A” or “B”。（12%） ( ) 1. A. Spring is warm and wet. B. Spring is warm and foggy. ( ) 2. A. I plant flowers in spring. B I plant flowers and go to the park in spring. ( ) 3. A. Can you come to our school fair? B. Can you come to our school concert? ( ) 4. A. Which season do you like best? B. Which festival do you like best? ( ) 5. A.It’s on the 21st December. B. It’s on the 22nd December. ( ) 6. A. In summer, it is hot and sunny, I go swimming. B. In summer, it is rainy and sunny, I go swimming. 五．Listen to the questions, choose the right answer, write A or B. (9%) ( ) 1. A. It ‘s hot and sunny. B. It ‘s cold and windy. ( ) 2. A. We eat chocolate eggs. B. We eat moon cakes. ( ) 3. A. I plant flowers. B I fly kites. ( ) 4. A. I like spring best. B. I like Spring Festival best. () 5.A. It’s 9th October. B. It’s on 10th September.
(完整)香港朗文三年级上复习卷
三年级香港朗文英语上期末复习题 笔试部分（60） 一、 Read and find.（读一读，选出不同类的单词共5） ( ) 1. A. summer B. snow C. winter ( ) 2. A. boots B. clothes C. pants ( ) 3. A. warm B. cold C. dress ( ) 4. A. marble B. book C.chess ( ) 5. A. rainy B. windy C. seventy 二、Watch and judge.(仔细观察，判断划线部分读音是否一致，一致的“T”不一致“F”共5） ( ) 1. A. weather B. thick ( ) 2. A. week B. meat ( ) 3. A. smell B. tell ( ) 4. A. mall B. ball ( ) 5. A. stand B. best 三.根据句意选择正确的单词填空共5） A. boots B. How much C beach D. snowy E. How many 1. ________ pears?-----Two. 2._________ is the skirt? It’s 100 yuan. 3.Today is _______.Put on your _______. 4. Let’s g o to the ________ and go swimming. 四. Read and find.（读一读将右栏前的序号写在相应问句前的括号内共5） A B ( ) 1.What time is it? A. It’s on the second floor. ( ) 2.Are there any goats? B. It’s windy today. ( ) 3.Whose is this T-shirt? C. It’s eight o’clock. ( ) 4.Where is the music room？ D. It’s Amy’s. ( ) 5.What’s the weather like today? E. Yes, there are two. 五、Read and choose.（选择填空共10） ( ) 1. ----How much is this pretty dress? ---- ____________. A. It is 98 yuan. B. They are 98 yuan. C. Great. ( ) 2.It’s rainy today. Let’s _____! A. go to the beach B. play football C. watch TV ( ) 3. ----Can I help you? ---- ____________. A. Yes. How much is it? B. It’s pretty. C. You are welcome. ( ) 4. ----Where is the TV room? ---- It’s on the _____ floor. A. one B. first C. two ( ) 5.----When’s the school Sports Day? ----_____________. A. It is at the second of May B. It’s on the seventh of December. C. Yes, it isn’t.
新编英美概况-许鲁之(第四版)Unit1-12课后习题选择填空.doc
Chapter1 Geographical Features and Natural Resources 1.In area, the United States is the 4th largest country in the world. 2.The Midwest in the US refers to the region around the Great Lakes and the upper Mississippi Valley. 3.The Backbone of North America refers to the Rocky Mountains 4.Death Valley is on the western edge of the Great Basin. 5.The Great Plains might have a dust storm in summer. 6.The western part of Washington State has the highest rainfall in the US. 7.The US primary suppliers of foreign oil are the following countries except Japan 8.The US largest open-pit copper-mining center is in Utah. 1. The United States is bordered on the north by Canada, on the south by Mexico and the Guff of Mexico,on the east by the Atlantic Ocean , and on the west by the Pacific Ocean. 2.The large territory of the continental US is divided into three basic areas: A. the Atlantic seacoast west to the Appalachians B. the Mississippi River Basin C. the Rockies west to the Pacific 3. The Middle Atlantic States are the most densely populated region in the US, where the land is flat and fertile. 4. The Central Valley of California is a highly productive area, which produced enormous amounts of fruits and vegetables. 5. Most production of oil and natural gas in the US comes from offshore areas of Louisiana and Texas, and from onshore areas of Texas, Oklahoma and California. Her big consumption of energy now has made America insufficient in oil supply. The US reliance of foreign oil has reminded consistently in the 40% ranges. 6. The United States has little trouble caused by the shortage of fresh water. Farmlands in the US making up about 12% of the arable lands in the world, and they are among the richest and most productive. Chapter 2 American Population 1.The over 3 million of early Americans in 1790 were mostly of British ancestry. 2.About 700,000 immigrants were legally received by the US each year during the 1980s. 3.The official racial segregation continued to be the law of the US until 195 4. 4.American Indians now mainly live in the South . 5.The majority of American Hispanics are from the following countries except Spain. 6.The West now leads in percentage increase in population. 7.According to the 1994 US census, the second most populous state in the US is Taxes. 8.The trend in migration from cities to suburbs now prevailed in all regions except the South . 1.The United States is the third most populous nation in the world. 2.Prior to 1875 anyone from any country could enter the US freely and take up permanent residence there. Later the US Congress passed laws restricting immigration on the basis of morality, race , and national origin. The 1952 Immigration and Nationality Act reaffirmed national origin as the chief criterion for eligibility and established a preferential system for skilled workers and for relatives of the US citizens. For many years the US restricted to total number of immigrants to 270,000 each year, although the real immigrants numbered much greater than the limit. The 1990 Immigration Act limits the total number of immigrants to 700,000 from 1992 to 1995 and 675,000 thereafter. 3.The first blacks arrived in Jamestown in 1619 as indentured servants, but soon[ after 1619 they were brought to colonies as slaves. The blacks were formally freed in 1863, but continued to suffer the institutionalized segregation for about a century. Today many blacks still live in the South, some have entered the middle class, but one-third of all black families still live below the poverty line . 4.The Chinese-Americans have proved to be industrious and intelligent. They are now viewed as a model“minority ” in the US. According to the 2010 US census, there were about 3.8 million Chinese-Americans living in the US. The figure was more than twice what it was in 1990. Chapter 3 Discovery and Colonization of the New World 1. The ancestors of the present American Indians came from Asia. 2.“ Theambition for the vast lands”is not correct to explain the reasons for the sudden daring exploration of the unknown in the mid-15 th century. 3.On his voyage of 1492, Columbus expected to reach India . 4.Vasco da Gama discovered the route to India. 5.John Cabot was sent by the English King to explore the new way to the east.
《英美概况》教学大纲
《英美概况》教学大纲 课程编号：12307058 课程名称：英美概况 学时分配：36学时，2-19 学分：2分 考核方式：考查，闭卷 课程类别：专业限选课 面向对象：外事二年级学生 一、课程的任务和目的： 《英美概况》是介绍英语国家社会与文化入门的一门课程。开设本课的目的在于使学生通过学习，了解英美国家的历史、地理、社会、经济、政治、教育等方面的情况及其文化传统，内容庞杂、信息量大。 培养学生正确分析有关英美等国问题的能力，并能以正确的眼光看待世界上所发生的问题，提高学生对文化差异的敏感性、宽容性和处理文化差异的灵活性，培养学生跨文化交际能力。把学生培养成为高素质的人才，同时又能爱祖国、热爱社会主义，致力为祖国的繁荣、发达而努力的人才，培养学生树立正确世界观。 同时，通过课文的学习和各种练习的实践，达到提高英语水平的目的。通过比较学习不同文化中具有特殊文化涵义的词语与表达式，可以促使学生掌握一些特殊词语的深层次意义，是对词汇的学习以及翻译水平的提高的有益补充；通过开展中外文化的比较，让学生切身感受到成功的交际仅有语言是远远不够的，文化方面的因素有时所起的作用远远大于语言本身，必将为英语学习者成功地参与国际商务活动，更有效地进行国际合作与交流打下坚实的文化基础。
二、课程的基本要求： 要求熟悉英语国家的地理、历史、发展现状、文化传统、风俗习惯，具有较强的跨文化交际意识。 三、课程的主要内容： 主要包括英美两国的地理、历史、政体制度、教育、新闻媒体、风俗习惯等内容，目的在于开阔学生的视野，扩大他们的知识面，并注意借鉴最新研究成果，合理吸收最新知识，进一步增强其实用性。 四、课程教学内容与要求 第一章：美国简况（国家的组成、国土等）（2学时） 教学要求：通过教学使学生掌握美国地理简况：国家的基本组成，国土等。以及美国国家形成的基本历史发展过程。 教学重点：美国国家形成过程中产生的几个重要的历史事件。 教学难点：分析并了解American Revolution产生的原因。
香港朗文英语3B测试3
三年级语法总测试3 姓名：_______ 日期：________ I：用动词的适当形式填空。（20分） 1、 We often _____ (play) on the playground. 2、 Look, the boys _____ (play) basketball on the playground. 3、 Ryan _____ (show) me his photo album(相册) yesterday. 4、 He always______ (get) up at six o’clock. 5、 Mark _____ (see) a doctor two days ago. 6、 We _____ (not go) to school last Monday. 7、 Mandy _____ (not like) sweets and ice cream. 8、 My mother ______ (go) shopping on Mondays? 9、 There _____ (be) two apples and an orange on the table. 10、The students _____ (finish) their test on time last Wednesday. Their teacher _____ (be) very happy about that. II：选择填空。（30分） 【】1、He _____ football. A、liked playing B、likes playing C、likes play 【】2、Mike sometimes _____ to the park with his sister. A、went B、go C、goes 【】3、Look, Mike ________ football with his brother. A、plays B、is playing C、played 【】4、Last year I ____ short, but now I ____ tall. A、was; am B、am; was C、were; am 【】5、_____ Mike ____(read) English every day? A、Do; read B、Does; read C、Did; read 【】6、He usually ___up at 7:00, but yesterday he ___up at 9:00. A、get; got B、gets; got C、got; gets 【】7、What did you do last weekend? I ____ Hong Kong with my family.
新编英美概况-许鲁之教学教材
新编英美概况- 许鲁之
Chapter 1 Geographical Features and Natural Resources 1. Choose the correct answer 1-8 CDBACBBB 2. fill in the blanks 1. Ca nada\Mexico\the Cuff of Mexico\Atla ntic Ocea n\the Pacific Ocea n 2. The Atla ntic seacoast west to the Appalacha in s\The Mississippi River Basin\The Rockies west to the Pacific 3. most den sely\flat\fertile 4. productive\fruits\vegetables 5. Louisia na\Texas\Texas\Oklahoma\Califor ni a\i nsufficie nt\4O% 6.little\fresh\12%\richest\productive Chapter 2 America n Populati on 1. Choose the correct answer 1-8 CBDACDCB 2. fill in the blanks 1. third\250 2.1875\perma nent reside nce\morality\race\nati onal origi n\n ati onal origi n\skilled\relatives\270,000\700,000\675,000 3.i nden tured serva nts\slaves\1863 4.South\poverty line 5.i ndustrious'i ntellige nt'modle min ority'twice
英语国家概况课程标准
英语国家概况课程标准 课程代码： 适用专业：商务英语 一、课程概述 1．课程性质 语言是文化的载体，文化是语言的基础。英语语言学习和英国国家文化相互依存、密不可分。一个优秀的英语语言学习者，若不了解该语言背后所承载的民族文化，其交际能力也会受到限制。该课程能使学生了解和掌握英美两国政治，历史，经济，社会，文化和教育等基本知识，了解英美国家社会发展、现状和影响这两个国家社会发展的因素，拓展学生的知识面，培养学生文化意识，启发学生了解西方社会，了解交际规则，增强学生的英语语言学习能力，为后续专业课程的学习打下一定的基础，进而为培养高技能应用型复合人才打下基础。 2．课程设计思路 本课程在设计上围绕合作学习法—任务型教学法、比较教学法、线索梳理法、启发式等教学法。 合作学习法—任务型教学法 合作学习法又称协作学习，是以合作学习小组为基本形式，系统利用教学中动态因素之间的互动，促进学生的学习，以团体成绩作为评价标准，共同完成教学活动。任务型教学法是一种以任务或活动为核心单位计划组织语言教学的途径,一种强调“在做中学”的语言教学方法。合作学习法与任务型教学法结合是指教师设计学习任务，指导并帮助学生以小组为单位通过合作、协商完成学习任务的教学过程。主要采用组织演示、演讲、讨论等形式。 2）比较教学法 比较教学法是在教学过程中，利用教学内容的相互联系和区别，促进学生掌握和巩固教学内容、达到教学目标的一种逻辑思维方法。例如，在学习美国的政体时，我们可以和英国政体、甚至是我国的政体进行比较，异中求同，同中求异。从而对“Parliament”、“Congress”和我国的NPC （The National People’s Congress）形成更深刻的理解。运用这种教学法不仅有利于学生掌握基本知识与技能，而且有利于提高学生的创造性思维能力。3）线索梳理法 线索梳理法，尤其是历史年代轴线表示法是表达历史线索最清晰的一种方式，这种方式的特点是易于梳理，可操作性强，非常直接，便于记忆。比如说，英国历史很长，如果不进行梳理，很难记忆，如果整理成一条线索，效果却不能同日而语： Early settlers——Roman invasions——Anglo-Saxons——the Viking and Danish Invasions——the Norman Conquest——William’s Rule——the Great Charter——the Hundred Year’s War——the English Reformation——the English Renaissance——the Civil War——the Glorious Revolution——the Industrial Revolution——the two World Wars 同样，美国历史部分可整理成这样一条线索： The war of Independence——the War of 1812——territorial expansion and Westward Movement——the Civil War——the two World Wars——the Cold War——the Berlin Blockade——the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s——the Vietnam War 二、课程培养目标 1．知识目标 了解主要英语国家的地理，历史，经济和政治等方面的概况；了解主要英语国家的文化传统，风俗习惯和社会生活的其他有关情况。 2．技能目标 扩大知识面，有效弥补英语专业学生知识面窄的不足；提高英语阅读的能力和语言应用能力。 3．素质目标
香港朗文英语三年级上chapter1巩固与提高
Word List for 3A 1. Words and phrases: (单词和短语) ①weather 天气 foggy 有雾的 ______刮风的_______下雨的 ______多云的 ______ 晴朗的 _______下雪的 （名词+y 结尾的表示天气的形容词） _______干燥的 _____潮湿的 _______温暖的_______热的 ______凉的 _______冷的 ②season 季节 ______春天 _______夏天 _______秋天 ________冬天 _________最喜欢的 ③a bit 有点儿 chat 聊天 strong 强壮的 feel 感觉 warmly 温暖地 outside 在外面 ④plant flowers 种花 go to the park 去公园 eat ice cream 吃冰淇琳 go swimming 去游泳 fly kites 放风筝 go hiking 去远足 wear a scarf 带围巾 eat hotpot 吃火锅 put on 穿上 take off 脱掉 give up 放弃 button up 扣上 blow off 吹掉 blow hard 大力吹 play in the rain 在雨中玩 wear a hat 戴帽子 2. sentences: (句子) How many seasons are there in a year? There are four seasons in a year. months are there in a year? There are twelve months in a year. What’s the weather like today? It’s hot and sun ny. in spring? It’s warm and foggy/rainy. in summer? It’s hot and dry/sunny/rainy. in autumn? It’s cool and dry/windy. anything 任何事（物） autumn 秋天 blow 吹 button 扣住，紧扣 chat 闲谈、聊天 cloudy 多云的 coat 外套 cold 冷的 dry (adj.)干燥的 feel 感觉 foggy 有雾的 hotpot 火锅 plant （v.）种植 raincoat 雨衣 rainy 多雨的、下雨的 really 真正的、真实的 season 季节 smile 微笑 spring 春天 story 故事 summer 夏天 sunny 阳光充足的umbrella 雨伞 warm 暖和的 weather 天气 wind 风 windy 有风的 winter 冬天
英语国家文化课程参考书目
英语国家文化课程参考书目 1、英美文化基础教程，朱永涛著，北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1991年11月 2、欧洲文化入门（European Culture: an Introduction）王佐良等著，北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1992年2月（英文版） 3、当代英国概况，肖惠云主编，上海：上海外语教育出版社，1996年8月（英文版）16开本 4、当代美国社会与文化（Contemporary American Society and Culture）王恩铭著，上海：上海外语教育出版社，1997年6月 5、英语国家社会与文化入门（上）朱永涛主编，北京：高等教育出版社，1997年8月（英文版）16开本 6、英语国家社会与文化入门（下）朱永涛主编，北京：高等教育出版社，1998年1月（英文版）16开本 7、英美文化博览，李常磊著，上海：上海世界图书出版公司，2000年1月，32开本 8、英语国家概况，余志远主编，北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2000年3月，大32开本 9、英国文化（The Culture of England）范中汇著，北京：文化艺术出版社，2003年1月 10、当代美国概况，周静琼著，上海：上海外语教育出版社，2003年1月（英文版）16开本 11、美国文化与社会（American Culture and Society）王恩铭著，上海：上海外语教育出版社，2003年6月（英文版） 12、新编英美概况教程（A Survey of the United Kingdom and the United States of America）周叔麟（美）C.W.Pollard June Almes 主编，北京：北京大学出版社，2004年5月（英文版）16开本 13、跨文化研究读本，余卫华主编，武汉大学出版社，2006年2月，大32开本 14、西方文化史徐新主编，北京大学出版社，2007年7月，小16开本 15、主要英语国家概况（第2版）周玉娣主编，重庆大学出版社，2008年2月（英文版）小16开本 16、欧洲文化概况Duncan Sidwell （英）著，北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2008年6月，大32开本 17、英美概况（Survey of Britain and America）（上下），张奎武主编，长春：吉林科学技术出版社，2008年5月第四版，大32开本 18、英语史，李赋宁编著，北京：商务印书馆，1991年1月第1版，大32开本 19、英国文学简史，常耀信著，天津：南开大学出版社，2006年1月第1版（英文版），大32开本 20、美国文学简史，常耀信著，天津：南开大学出版社，2003年12月第2版（英文版），（大32开本 21、中西文化比较，周义徐志红编著，北京：人民教育出版社，2004年8月第1版，大32开本 22、西方文化史，徐新主编，北京：北京大学出版社，2007年7月第2版，大32开本 23、语言学教程，胡壮麟主编，北京：北京大学出版社，2001年7月第1版，大32开本 24、西方文化导论，叶胜年著，上海：上海外语教育出版社，2005年7月第1版（英文），大32开本 25、语言与文化，邓炎昌刘润清著，北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1989年3月第1版，大32开本 26. Language, Culture, and Translating, Eugene A. Nida, Shanghai Foreign