最高考高考英语语法精讲精练 专题十一 特殊句式倒装、强调、主谓一致等常考点
专题十一特殊句式(倒装、强调、主谓一致等)常考点
近几年，高考中有关特殊句式注重考查知识之间的交叉，因此，也加大了在语境中综合考查语法知识的力度。在考查强调句的同时，把定语从句、省略句以及强调句与时间状语从句、地点状语从句等融合到一起，考查学生综合把握语法知识的能力。
1强调句
①构成和判断：
“It is/was＋被强调的部分(时间状语/地点状语/原因状语/方式状语/名词/代词/从句)＋that(指人可用who)＋句子的其余部分”。如：
It was because he was ill that he was absent.
②一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的强调句。如：
Was_it on the street that_you met Tom?
What_was_it_that made him upset?
Do you know what_it_was_that_made_him_upset?
[注]强调句型用于宾语从句时应用陈述语序。
③not until的强调句，其结构为“It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋句子
剩余部分”。如：
It was not until I came back that he left.
④强调谓语用“does/do/did＋动词原形”。如：
He did come back yesterday.
①In my opinion，Mr.White ________ good to his students in his class at present.
A. does does
B. does did
C. does do
D. did do
②—What did she want to know，Tom?
—She wondered ________ we could complete the experiment.
A. when was it
B. it was when that
C. it was when
D. when it was that
③It was on the farm________ they visited ________ they got to know.
A. where；that
B. which；when
C. that；that
D. which；which
④—________ that he managed to get the information?
—Oh，a friend of his helped him.
A. Where was it
B. What was it
C. How was it
D. Why was it
⑤It was about 600 years ago ________the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
A. that
B. until
C. before
D. when
【答案】①C②D③C④C⑤A
2it 用法
①指代上文的同名同物。如：
There is no more than one copy left. Will you buy it?
②作形式主语和形式宾语。如：
It is impossible to get there in time.
I owe it to him that I can succeed.
We should bring it to his attention that he should work hard.
③like/dislike/hate/appreciate/prefer/want/stand/...＋it＋从句
④depend on/rely on＋it＋从句；see to＋it＋从句
⑤用于固定短语或句型中。如：get it/make it/catch it/forget it/it's worth it/I can't help it/as sb. put it/mean it。
⑥指代时间、天气、距离、温度或在打电话、有人敲门等情形时。
①I dislike________ when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it
B. that
C. this
D. them
②It worried her a bit________ her hair was turning gray.
A. while
B. that
C. if
D. for
③You must see to________ all the children are being taken good care of.
A. that
B. it
C. it that
D. whether
④________ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger，more prosperous economy.
A. As
B. That
C. This
D. It
【答案】①A②B③C④D
3倒装句
①表方式或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首，主语是名词时要全部倒装，且不用进行时倒装。若主语为人称代词则不倒装。如：
In came the teacher.老师进来了。
In he came. 他进来了。
②分词、形容词放在句首全部倒装。如：
Hanging on the wall are two pictures.
③“Only＋副词/介词短语/状语从句”放在句首时倒装(在强调句中不可倒装，not until也是如此)。如：
Only then did he realize he was wrong.
Only when you work hard will you succeed.
④否定词和否定短语(in no case，under no circumstances，on no account，in no way，on no condition，by no means，at no time)放在句首时倒装。如：
He said that under no circumstances would_he_give_up．
⑤Hardly/Scarcely...when...＝No sooner...than 用过去完成时，主句倒装。如：
Hardly had the football game begun when it started raining.
＝No sooner had the football game begun than it started raining.
⑥not only...but (also)．..中not only后的句子需倒装。如：
Not only is the young man clever but also he is hardworking.
⑦表示“A...B也(不)．..”，用so，neither/nor 倒装。如：
He speaks Chinese，and so do I.
He doesn't speak Japanese，and nor/neither do I.
⑧so/such... that...(如此……以至于) 放在句首时倒装。如：
Such a good teacher is_he that we all like him.
So good is_the_teacher_that we all like him.
⑨as表示“虽然” 时，用“名词(不带冠词)/形容词/副词/动词原形＋as...”。如：
Child as he is，he knows a lot.
⑩表虚拟语气中的had，were，should提到主语前。如：
Were it to rain tomorrow，I would not go there.
＝Should it rain tomorrow，I would not go there.
Had I attended the meeting yesterday，I would have seen him.
①Only when I left my parents for Italy ________ how much I loved them.
A. I realized
B. I had realized
C. had I realized
D. did I realize
②________，his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.
A. Strange as might it sound
B. As it might sound strange
C. As strange it might sound
D. Strange as it might sound
③I have been living in the United States for twenty years，but seldom________ so lonely as now.
A. have I felt
B. I had felt
C. I have felt
D. had I felt
④So sudden________ that the enemy had no time to escape.
A. did the attack
B. the attack did
C. was the attack
D. the attack was
⑤Not until ________ on TV ________ that the Chinese ship was rescued by the European Union Task Force.
A. I turned；did I know
B. did I turn；did I know
C. did I turn；I knew
D. I turned；I had known
【答案】①D②D③A④C⑤A
4主谓一致
①and连接同一个人、同一事物、同一概念时，谓语用单数。如：
The writer and worker is in the room.
②动名词、不定式和从句作主语，谓语用单数。如：
Educating girls is very important.
③度量衡、国家、报刊、组织、书等后的谓语用单数。如：
5，000 dollars is a large sum of money.
④all of.../most of.../some of.../half of.../part of.../the rest of.../百分数/分数词/……后的谓语用单数或复数取决于所修饰的名词。如：
All of the books have been sold out.
All of the money has been lent.
⑤team/band/class/family/public/population/government/committee等集体名词作主语时，需根据其所表示的意思来确定谓语的单复数形式。如：
The family is made up of five members.
The family are watching TV.
⑥“the rich/poor/old/young/wounded/dead/living/...(表示“一类人”)＋复数谓语”“the n ew/old/beautiful/unexplained/...(表示“抽象概念”)＋单数谓语”。如：The old are easily taken in.
⑦以many a＋n.，more than one＋n.，each/every/no＋n.(＋each/every/no＋n.)作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
Many a student has seen the film.
Each girl and each boy has a book.
⑧“A number of...＋复数谓语”“The number of...＋单数谓语”。如：
A number of students are fond of the book.
The number of students in our class is 50.
⑨“Quantities of＋单数名词/复数名词＋复数谓语”“A quantity of＋单数名词＋单数谓语”“A quantity of＋复数名词＋复数谓语”。如：
Large quantities of water are badly polluted.
A large quantity of water is badly polluted.
10就近原则(either...or...，not only...but also，not...but，neither...nor...，○
there be)；
就远原则(with，along with，together with，as well as，such as/like，rather than，besides，including，but，except)。如：
Not I but Tom and Jack are right.
Nobody but Tom and Jack is right.
用所给词的适当形式填空：
①Many a student________(have) already made such an interesting experiment.
②The teacher and writer________(be) delivering a speech now.
③Mary along with her parents ________(be) going to attend the meeting.
④Not only the students but also their teacher ________(be) interested in the book.
⑤Ten years ________(be) a moment in history.
⑥Only 60 per cent of the work ________(be) done yesterday.
⑦Quantities of good earth________(be) being washed away each year.
⑧More than one student ________(have) failed the exam.
【答案】①has②is③is④is⑤is⑥ was⑦ are
⑧has
5反意疑问句
①must，may，might，can，could表示推测时，可先将句子改为I am sure that句型，反意疑问句部分的动词形式根据be sure后的宾语从句的谓语动词形式确定。如：He must be a doctor，isn't he?
＝I am sure that he is a doctor，isn't he?
He must have seen the film last week，didn't he?
＝I am sure that he saw the film last week，didn't he?
You must have heard about it.
＝I am sure that you have heard about it，haven't you?
②当陈述部分带有宾语从句时，反意疑问部分的主语应和主句的主语保持一致。但陈述部分主句的谓语动词是think，believe，suppose，expect，imagine，guess，be sure等，且主语为第一人称时，要对宾语从句的主语反问。如：
Tom doesn't believe Jane will succeed，does he?
I don't believe Jane will succeed，will she?
③在并列句中，要对第二个分句反问。如：
He is a doctor but his wife is a teacher，isn't she?
④祈使句后的附加问句不表示反意，而表示一种语气。其结构为：
否定祈使句，＋will you?
肯定祈使句，＋will/won't you?
Let's...，＋shall we?
Let us/me/him/...，＋will you?
⑤陈述部分含有seldom，hardly，scarcely，never，few，little，nothing，nobody 等否定词或半否定词时，反意疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如：
He could hardly believe his own eyes，could he?
⑥陈述部分含有used to的反意疑问部分用usedn't或didn't 均可。若含有ought to 时，则用oughtn't 或shouldn't。如：
There used to be a bridge here，usedn't/didn't there?
⑦当主语是everything，anything，something等时，用it反问。当主语是everyone，anyone，somebody等时，用they或he反问。如：
Everything is all right，isn't it?
Everybody is here，aren't they/isn't he?
⑧回答反意疑问句时应遵循的原则：看所提到的事物是否已发生或未发生。如果发生了，用肯定回答，否则用否定回答。如：
—You haven't been here long，have you？(你在这儿不久，是吗？)
—No，I haven't. I am new here.(是的，我是新来的。)
⑨there be 结构用there反问。如：
There are two people waiting outside, aren't there?
10That's..., This is...用it 反问。如：
○
That is a book, isn't it?
完成下列句子：
①Don't forget to turn off the light，________？
②He knows little about English，________？
③Mary，feed the chickens，________？
④He couldn't have been told about it，________？
⑤Bob told you that there was nobody in the room，________？
⑥Everything is all right，________？
Everybody is here，________？
⑦I don't believe he is wrong，________？
⑧—You won't go to his party，will you?
—________，if he invites me.
【答案】①will you②does he③will you/w on't you ④has he⑤didn't he ⑥isn't it；aren't they/isn't he ⑦is he
⑧Yes
6否定句
①不带否定词的否定。如：
far from(决不；一点也不)＝anything but＝not nearly＝not at all＝nowhere near free from...(无……的)
He is the last person I want to see(他是我最不想见的人)．
②带否定词的肯定。如：
I can hardly wait to see him.＝I can't wait to see him.
I've never heard a better voice.＝His voice is the best one that I have ever heard.
He's no richer than me.＝He is as poor as me.
There's nothing but a table in the room.＝There is only a table in the room.
③部分否定和全部否定
部分否定用not both/all/every/...
＝both/all/every/...not...；
全部否定用“neither/none/no＋名词”。如：
All the students don't like the film.
＝Not all the students like the film.
Neither of them has a car.
④否定省略。如：
I hope/guess/am afraid so.的否定省略为：
I hope/guess/am afraid not.
I think/suppose/believe/imagine/expect so.的否定省略为：
I think/suppose/believe/imagine/expect not.
＝I don't think/suppose/believe/imagine/expect so.
①—Would you like to go to the cinema with us?
—Yes，________. What time are we going to meet?
A. I would
B. I would like
C. I like to
D. I'd like to
②It can't be Mike who has done such a foolish thing. He is________ but a fool.
A. nothing
B. something
C. everything
D. anything
③—Aren't you cold?
—________. I'm boiling.
A. Take it easy
B. Far from it
C. Not a little
D. That's all right
④While I agree with most of what you said，I don't agree with________．
A. something
B. anything
C. everything
D. nothing
【答案】①D②D③B④C
7省略
①上下文对话中。如：
—What made him so upset?
—Losing his bike.
②并列句中。如：
One side of the board should be painted white and the other red.
③同时省略句子的几个成分，保留副词。如：
—Do you like the film?
—Yes，very much.＝Really./No，not very much.＝Not really.
类似的有：perfectly，absolutely，exactly，very，not exactly，not likely(＝impossible)．..
④不定式的省略(保留to，to be，to have，to have been)。如：
—Are you a doctor?
—No，but I used to be.
—Do you smoke?
—No，but I used to.
—He hasn't finished yet.
—Well，he ought to have.
⑤if necessary 如果有必要
if possible 如果有可能
if so 假如这样的话
if not 如果不
if ever 如果曾经有过(表示时间)
if any 如果有一些的话(表示数量)
if anything 若要说的话
Correct your mistakes，if any.
He is seldom，if ever，late for class.
⑥祈使句结构。如：
One more week and I'll finish the job.
Work hard and you will succeed.
⑦“连词＋分词”的省略(前提条件为状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和系动词be)。如：
When finished，the project will be a great success.
When waiting for a bus，I met him.
用适当的词填空：
①—When did the accident happen?
—It was in 1980________ he was in middle school.
②—What should I do with the passage?
—________(find) out the main idea.
③—It's wise of you to come around but why?
—________(see) that it is right.
④—Whom do you want to see?
—The man ________(call) himself Mr. Smith.
【答案】①when②Find③To see④calling
8替代
①区别it，one，that，those：
it与上文名词是同名同物；one＝a(n)＋上文的可数名词；that＝the＋上文的单数名词，后面常有一个后置定语；those＝the ones＝the＋上文的复数名词，后面常有一个后置定语。
②替代动词：用does，do，did替代上文同一动词。如：
He spends more time watching TV than he does reading.
③替代句子：用so替代上文的句子。如：
He smokes a lot. Does his brother do so?
用适当的词填空：
①The population of China is larger than ________ of Japan.
②The radios in this factory are cheaper than________ in that one.
③I have no mobile phone and I want to buy ________．
④I want to buy a gift for my mother，________ at a proper price but of good quality.
⑤She plays the piano better than Mary ________ the guitar.
【答案】①that②those③one④one⑤does
9插入语
①副词修饰整个句子：luckily＝fortunately＝happily，sadly，strangely，obviously，briefly...如：
Fortunately，people have come to realize the importance of protecting the environment.
②介词短语in conclusion＝in a word＝in short＝in brief，in one's view＝in one's opinion＝in one's sight，in other words，to one's surprise...，(or) rather...
③动词不定式：to begin with，to conclude，to be exact，to tell the truth＝to be honest，not to mention...＝let alone...，to make things/matters even worse＝what's worse...
④分词：generally speaking，strictly speaking...
⑤句子：that is＝that is to say＝namely，he says/he said，it is said，what's more，you know/you see，I'm afraid，I mean...
①The students are not allowed，unless they have special passes，________ after 10：30 p．m.
A. to stay out
B. staying out
C. stay out
D. stayed out
②—I wonder why he seldom donates anything to help others.
—Oh，he can't even support himself though he is working hard，________ helping others.
A. apart from
B. in addition to
C. not to mention
D. in place of
③Our manager is far from satisfied with you.________，you failed in the job interview.
A. In total
B. I see
C. I mean
D. In particular
【答案】①A②C③C
10感叹句
感叹句基本构成：
What[＋a(n)]＋形容词＋名词＋主语＋谓语！
How＋形容词＋a(n)＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语！
How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！
用what，how 填空：
①________ an interesting book it is!
②________ interesting a book it is!
③________ interesting books they are!
④________ great progress he has made!
⑤________ I wish I could go to space!
【答案】①What②How③What④What⑤How
1. (2014·福建卷)The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely，________， reaching 30°C in summer.
A. if not
B. if ever
C. if any
D. if so
2. (2014·湖南卷)It's not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do________ makes life happy.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. who
3. (2014·江苏卷)The idea “happiness”， ________， will not sit still for easy definition.
A. to be rigid
B. to be sure
C. to be perfect
D. to be fair
4. (2014·重庆卷)—I spent two weeks in London last summer.
—Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay，________ you?
A. mustn't
B. haven't
C. didn't
D. hadn't
5. (2014·北京卷) ________ carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.
A. Observe
B. To observe
C. Observed
D. Observing
6. (2013·江苏卷)Generally，students' inner motivation with high expectations from others ________ essential to their development.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
7. (2013·江苏卷)“Never for a second，” the boy says，
“________ that my father would come to my rescue.”
A. I doubted
B. do I doubt
C. I have doubted
D. did I doubt
8. (2013·湖南卷)The university estimates that living expenses for international students ________ around $8，450 a year，which ________ a burden for some of them.
A. are; is
B. are; are
C. is; are
D. is; is
9. (2013·全国卷)It was only after he had read the papers ________ Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.
A. when
B. that
C. which
D. what
10. (2012·重庆卷)It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic ________ Zheng He had sailed to East Africa.
A. when
B. that
C. after
D. since
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. D 8. A
9. B 10. B
1. No sooner________ at the desk than the telephone rang.
A. had he sat down
B. he sat down
C. he had sat down
D. did he sit down
2. Nobody but Jack and Jane________ great progress in the class recently.
A. have made
B. has made
C. had made
D. made
3. A survey of the opinions of experts________ that three hours of outdoor exercise a week________ good for one's health.
A. show；are
B. shows；is
C. show；is
D. shows；are
4. The women carrying babies，come in first，________？
A. will you
B. will they
C. do you
D. don't you
5. So difficult________ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.
A. I did find
B. did I find
C. I have found
D. have I found
6. —The place isn't too bad，is it?
—No，________ it is a bit too crowded.
A. but
B. for
C. and
D. as
7. ________ you get into university in the future，you would have to go and take the chance.
A. Will
B. Should
C. Would
D. Could
8. Was it not until ________ out of natural resources that they began to push for other ones?
A. people had run
B. had people run
C. did people run
D. people had been
9. When you've finished with that book，don't forget to put it back on the shelf，________？
A. do you
B. don't you
C. will you
D. won't you
10. The students have been told that under no condition ________ the mobile phone in class.
A. may they use
B. they may use
C. they could use
D. would they use
11. Was it from the lake________ he often went fishing________ he saved the drowning girl?
A. that；that
B. where；where
C. where；that
D. that；where
12. Johnson knows much about the movie. I think he must have seen it，________？
A. doesn't he
B. hasn't he
C. don't I
D. didn't he
13. —So hard ________ in the past few months that he has made great progress in English.
—I can see that，only a few mistakes ________ in this exam.
A. has he worked；did he make
B. he has worked；he made
C. he has worked；has he made
D. has he worked；he made
14. —You must have met him the other day，I'm quite sure.
—Oh，no，I________．
A. didn't
B. haven't
C. hadn't
D. mustn't
15. —Mother hasn't come back yet.
—Well，she ought________．
A. to
B. to be
C. to do
D. to have
16. —I hear that Bai San can't afford his schooling this fall.
—________，let's do something for him.
A. If so
B. When possible
C. When necessary
D. What a shame
17. —Do you have any idea what Paul does all day?
—As I know，he spends at least as much time playing as he________．
A. writes
B. does writing
C. is writing
D. does write
18. Be careful with such things. If you________，you'll drop them.
A. don't
B. aren't
C. do
D. won't
19. —It's ages since I last saw you. I didn't recognize you at first.
—I________，either，if someone hadn't called you by name.
A. didn't
B. hadn't had
C. wouldn't have
D. wouldn't
20. —The boys are not doing a good job at all，are they?
—________．
A. I guess not so
B. I don't guess
C. I don't guess so
D. I guess not
21. I don't think The Flowers of War by Zhang Yimou is popular among teenagers, ________？
A. are they
B. isn't it
C. don't you
D. is it
22. The boy was so tired that no sooner ________ his eyes than he fell asleep.
A. he closed
B. had he closed
C. did he close
D. he had closed
23. ________， I believe, and you will find he is very outgoing.
A. Having a talk with Tom
B. One talk with Tom
C. Given a talk with Tom
D. If you have a talk with Tom
24. ________ with his slippers on when he heard the terrible noise.
A. Out did the boy rush
B. Out rushed the boy
高考英语高中英语语法之【倒装】
第七章倒装 第一节基本知识与基本概念 【什么是倒装】 倒装是英语中很有意思的一种通过改变句子主语和谓语的正常顺序来表达特殊的意思或达到修辞目的的手段。 英语句子的基本语序是“主语＋谓语”，如果将谓语置于主语之前，这种语序就叫做倒装。【倒装的类型】 倒装句分完全倒装和部分倒装两种情况。完全倒装指整个谓语都提前到主语之前，但如果主语为代词而不是名词时，主语和谓语并不倒装。例如： Here comes the bus. (全部倒装) Here you are. （因为主语是代词you，所以没有倒装） 部分倒装指将谓语中的一部分，如助动词、情态助动词或系动词be放在主语的前面，其余部分仍在主语后面。例如： Only in this way can we make more contributions to our hometown. 【倒装怎么实现？】 动词倒装的方法一般是： １、动词be和主语颠倒进行倒装；（完全倒装和部分倒装通用）例如： Here is a book for you. Only until recently was I aware of the new situation. ２、如果谓语动词中有助动词、情态助动词，则将它们与主语颠倒,实现部分倒装。例如： Hardly had we started when they told us to stop. Tom can beat Jack in tennis and so can you. Often have I told you not to touch anything in my lab! ３、如果谓语动词是行为动词，其前面既无助动词也没有情态助动词，则用助动词do 进行倒装。例如： Little does he know about Chinese history. Jill didn’t follow the teacher’s order and neither did anyone else. 【高考怎么考倒装？】 倒装考点在高考中属于次要考点，并不是每年都必然要考查。但从有限的高考原题中，我们还是能够明显感觉到，部分倒装的重要性比完全倒装大 第二节具体考点解析 【考点一、什么情况下需要完全倒装？】 通常情况下，能引起完全倒装的有三种情况： １、There be 结构 There be 结构及其各种变体就是我们接触最早的，也是我们最熟悉的一种完全倒装。例如： There used to be a temple in the forest. There are many people in front of the city hall. There lived a very smart king. There may be some possibility that we can be chosen for the task.
2018年高考英语语法复习精讲三(动词时态和语态)
2018高考英语动词时态和语态精讲精练 在高考英语中，动词的时态和语态是重中之重，试题在考查固定句式中的时态和语态的同时，注重在上下文语境中考查时态和语态。要了解几种时态的一些常规规则，答题时要研读题干，搜索出尽可能多的“时间参照信息”，尤其要注意时态的呼应情况。 时态主动语态形式被动语态形式 一般现在时am/is/are/do/does am/is/are done 一般过去时was/were/did was/were done 现在完成时has/have done has/have been done 现在完成进行 时 has/have been doing/ 现在进行时am/is/are doing am/is/are being done 过去进行时was/were doing was/were being done 过去完成时had done had been done 将来完成时will/shall have done will/shall have been done 一般将来时will/shall do am/is/are going to do am/is/are coming/leaving am/is/are to do am/is/are about to do will/shall be done am/is/are to be done 过去将来时would do was going to do was coming/leaving was to do was about to do would be done was/were to be done 将来进行时will/shall be doing/ 考点1一般现在时 一般现在时表示动作的经常性或真理；表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；在条件、时间、让步状语从句中用一般现在时或现在完成时表示将来；表示预计或规定；方位副词或介词短语放在句首，主语是名词，且全部倒装时，用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作；还可使用于文学作品和文学评论中。练一练：用所给词的适当形式填空： ①I'll go there after I________(finish)my work. ②The water will be further polluted unless some measures________(take)． ③My train________(leave)at6：30. ④A snow________(expect)to come next week. ⑤Here________(come)the bus. ⑥This kind of cloth________(wash)well. ⑦Don't take it away.It________(belong)to me. ⑧He said water________(boil)at100℃. 考点2一般过去时和现在完成时 一般过去时(标志词：yesterday，just now，last year，the other day等)表示动作发生在过去，和现在毫无关系。 现在完成时(标志词：since，in the past/last years，just，recent(ly)，lately，so far＝up to now＝up until now＝by now，already，yet，several/many/...times)则强
高中英语语法精讲精练
高中英语语法精讲精练(一倒装句与强调结构 1._______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung. A. Was he given up B. Had he given up C. Did he give up D. If he gave up 2. Only when he had done it _______ that he had made a mistake. A. he then realized B. did he realize C. before D. he realized 3. Not until he got off the bus ______ that he had got his wallet stolen. A. he found B. did he find C. he had found D. had he found 4. Hardly ______ when it started raining. A. the game had begun B. the game began
C. did the game begin D. had the game begun 5. Nowhere else in the world _____ more friendly people than in China. A. you will find B. can you be able to find C. you may have found D. can you find 6. ______ did the students realize they were mistaken. A. It was until B. It was not until then C. Not until then D. Not until 7. Not only ______ a promise, but he also kept it. A. did he make B. he made C. had he made D. he had made 8. --- What happened to his new car? --- No sooner _______ it than someone ran into it.
高考英语语法综合练习 主谓一致
[主谓一致] 高考语法综合练习 选用括号内适当的动词。 1.Two hours__________(is,are)not long enough for this test. 2.One and a half apples__________(is,are)left on the table. 3.One and a half days__________(is,are)all I can spare. 4.There__________(is,are)two pairs of glasses on the table. 5.Traffic police__________(is,are)always very busy. 6.The English__________(likes,like)to be with their family at Christmas. 7.His family__________(is,are)all very well. 8.About twenty percent of the students in our class__________(is,are)girls. 9.All__________(is,are)here.Let's start our meeting. 10.What the children want__________(is,are)storybooks. 11.This is the one of the books on the subject that__________(has,have)ever been written in Chinese. 12.Bread and butter__________(is,are)a daily food in the west. 13.No man and no woman__________(is,are)going to do such a shameful thing. 14.Not only my brother but also I__________(am,is)going there. 15.Mary as well as her classmates__________(has,have)learned to drive a tractor. 16.There__________(is,are)more than one answer to your question. 17.Two thirds of the population of the city__________(is,are)immigrants(移民). 18.The students each__________(has,have)a dictionary. 参考答案： 1.is。表示时间、金钱、距离、重量的复数名词作主语,通常看作整体,谓语用单数。 2.are。如果“one and a half+复数名词”作主语,指时间时谓语用单数,如下题。
高中英语语法倒装句讲解及练习(附答案)
高中英语倒装句 倒装句分为全部倒装和部分倒装 1全部倒装全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：1）here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词。例如：Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。Here is your letter. 你的信。 2). up，down，out，away，in , off, ahead放于句首Up jumped the cat and caught the mouse. Ahead sat an old woman. 3）表示地点，时间，方向等的介词短语放在句首时例如：After the head walked a group of workers. 4.“作表语的现在分词/过去分词/形容词+系动词+主语”形式的完全倒装 Seated in the front were the guests. 注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如： Here he comes. 他来了。Away they went. 他们走开了。 2部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。 1. 句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, rarely, scarely, in no way, under no circumstance, at no time决不, not until…等。例如： Never have I seen such a performance. 从未见过如此糟糕的表演。 Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。 Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。 当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意：如否定词不在句首不倒装。例如： The mother didn\'t leave the room until the child fell asleep. 典型例题 1）---Why can\'t I smoke here? ----At no time___ in the meeting-room A. is smoking permitted B.smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted D.does smoking permit 2）Not until the early years of the 19th century ___ what heat is. A. man did know B. man know C. didn\'t man know D. did man know 2.Not only…but also前面倒装，后面不倒装 Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批评了送礼的人。 3．Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner…than等，要倒装。 Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 典型例题No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B.has the game begun C. did the game begin D.had the game begun 4so, neither, nor作部分倒装 so/neither/nor+be/can(should/will/could…..)/do(did/does)+sb表示\"也\"、\"也不\" 的句子要部分倒装。例如： 典型例题---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother? ---I don\'t know, _____. A. nor don\'t I care B. nor do I care C. I don\'t care neither D. I don\'t care also 注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为\"的确如此\"。例如： Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. ---It\'s raining hard.---So it is. 5 only在句首后接状语用总分倒装。例如： Only in this way can you learn English well. 只有这样，你才能学好英语。 如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。例如： Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 病得狠重时，他才卧床休息。 注意：如果only后的词组不是状语，不需倒装。
最高考2016届高考英语语法精讲精练专题七情态动词和虚拟语气常考点
实用标准文案 文档大全专题七情态动词和虚拟语气常考点 近两年考查情态动词和虚拟语气的频率呈上升趋势。从整体上把握情态动词的语法特征和语义特征，能够准确理解不同情态动词的细微差异，认真区别具有相同功能、意思相近的情态动词的用法，在真实的交际情景中印证和领悟情态动词的用法和特征。 1 情态动词所表示的多种含义 1. can和could的用法 ①表示能力。如： I can run fast. ②表示客观可能性。如： An experienced driver can have an accident at times. ③表示请求和允许。用could 语气更委婉。如： —Can/Could I go now? —Yes，you can. ④表示猜测、惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度(主要用于否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中)。如：Can this be true? How can you be so careless! This cannot be done by him. 2. may和might的用法 ①表示许可。如： You may drive the car. —May/Might I use your pen? —No，you mustn't. ②用于祈使句中表示祝愿。如： May you succeed! ③表示推测、可能(疑问句不能用于此意)。表推测的might并不是指过去时间，而表示比may把握性略小些。如： He may be very busy now. ④用于表示目的或让步状语从句中。如： No matter what difficulties you may come across，you shouldn't give up. 3. will 和would的用法 ①用于各种人称，表示“意志”“意愿”“决心”等。如： I told her to stop crying，but she just would not listen. ②用于第二人称的疑问句，表示说话人向对方提出请求。用would比用will语气更客气。如： Will/Would you please keep the door open? ③表示真理或习惯，意为“惯于，总是”。如： She will listen to music alone in her room for hours. He would get up early when
高中英语语法精讲精练
高中英语语法精讲精练
高中英语语法精讲精练 (一) 倒装句与强调结构 (2) (二) 定语从句 (8) (三) 分词与动名词 (13) (四) 动词不定式 (19) (五) 情态动词 (25) (六) 虚拟语气 (31) (八) 名词性从句和状语从句 (37) (九)冠词、名词 (43) (十)代词、形容词和副词 (49) 答案 (55) 17
(一) 倒装句与强调结构 1._______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung. A. Was he given up B. Had he given up C. Did he give up D. If he gave up 2. Only when he had done it _______ that he had made a mistake. A. he then realized B. did he realize C. before D. he realized 3. Not until he got off the bus ______ that he had got his wallet stolen. A. he found B. did he find C. he had found D. had he found 4. Hardly ______ when it started raining. 17
A. the game had begun B. the game began C. did the game begin D. had the game begun 5. Nowhere else in the world _____ more friendly people than in China. A. you will find B. can you be able to find C. you may have found D. can you find 6. ______ did the students realize they were mistaken. A. It was until B. It was not until then C. Not until then D. Not until 7. Not only ______ a promise, but he also kept it. 17
高考英语语法复习教案-倒装句和省略句
高考语法专题：倒装句和省略句 ------李在刚 1.全部倒装 全部倒装是指整个谓语放到主语的前面，即谓语在前，主语在后。有下列几种：(1)there be (lie, stand, live...)句型。there be是谓语，其后的名词是主语。 There are different forms of energy. On the top of the mountain there stands an old temple. Once upon a time, there lived a poor fisherman. (2)在以here, there, out, in, up, down, away，now，then等开头的句子中。 There goes the bell. Here comes the bus. Out rushed the boy. Away went the children. The door opened and there entered a middle-aged man. 【注意】主语是人称代词时不倒装。例如： Here it is.给你。 Away he went.他走了。 (3)直接引语在句首。 “What does it mean?” asked the boy. (4)为了使句子保持平衡，有时需要倒装。 Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island. On the winding path were to be found footprints of some strange animals. 2.部分倒装 即将谓语的一部分提到主语之前。相当于变为一般疑问句中的谓语，是倒装句的重点,也是高考考查的热点之一。 部分倒装主要有以下几种情况： (1)Only +状语在句首： Only then did I realize that I was wrong. Only when the war was over in1918 was he able to get happily back to work. 【注意】如果only后没有状语，即使在句首也不倒装。 例如：Only a doctor can do it. (2)否定副词在句首。 这类副词主要有：hardly, seldom, little, not, nor, neither, not only...but also, no sooner...than, hardly...when，in no time等。 Little does he care about what others think. Not a single mistake did he make. Never shall I forget it.
2021届高考英语语法一轮复习精讲精练名词性从句之高考真题精选(3)
名词性从句之高考真题精选（3） 1. Police have found appears to be the lost ancient statue. A. which B. where C. how D. what 2. I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents. A. That B. Which C. Whether D. What 3. She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do__________ it takes to save her life. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever 4. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ________ their parents speak at home. A. what B. that C. which D. one 5. I want to be liked and loved for __________I am inside. A. who B. where C. what D. how 6. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize silly mistakes I had made. A. what B. that C. how D. which 7. His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to make out _________it is he is trying to express. A. that B. how C. who D. what 8. The shopkeeper did not want to sell for ________ he thought was not good enough. A. where B. how C. what D. which 9. The how to book can be of help to ________wants to do the job. A. who B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoever 10. Could I speak to ________is in charge of International Sales please? A. who B. what C. whoever D. whatever 11. __________ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever D. whichever 12. _______fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. A. What B. That C. This D. Which 13. Having checked the doors were closed, and _________ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. A. why B. that C. when D. where
高考英语语法专题精讲精练-定语从句
语法专题一：定语从句 1. 定语从句的几个基本概念： 1) 先行词：即被定语从句修饰的名次或代词，通常位于定从的前面。 2) 先行词在从句中担当成份：根据不同成份，用相应的关系代词或关系副词。 3) 关系代词：即先行词在定从中作主、宾、表、定。 作主语：指物，则用that, which引导，且不能省略；指人，用that, who引导，不省略。 作宾语：即及物动词宾语和介词宾语：指物，用that, which引导，可省略； 指人，用that, who, whom引导，可省略。 注意：如将介词提到了定从之首，先行词指人，只能用whom; 指物只能用which。 作表语：一般指人、指物皆用that, 可省略。 作定语：指人、指物皆用whose,不省略。 4) 关系副词：即先行词在定从中作状语，指时间用when, 地点用where, 原因用why，亦 可用介词+which替代。 所谓作状语：即先行词不能直接放入从句中，需要有一个介词连接，而从句中却没有这个介词。 5) 非限制性定语从句：即用逗号与主句或先行词分开，用于补充说明。 (1) which: 用于指代先行词（物），或整个主句，不能省略。 (2) who / whom: 用于指代先行词（人），不能省略。 (3) all / some of + which / whom: 用于指代先行词的部分。 (4) as为关系代词，“正如、就像”的意思, 引导定从时可置于句首、句中或句末。 注意：在非限制性定从中，不能用that。 2. 一些特殊用法： 1) 一般只用that引导从句的情况： (1) 限制性定语从句中，当先行词被强调，如被any, every, each, few, little, no, some, the only, the very等修饰时； (2) 先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等时； (3) 先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时； (4) 先行词既有人又有物时； (5) 当句中已有who时，为避免重复。 2) 一般只用which引导从句的情况： (1) 引导非限制性定语从句，指前面的某名词或它前面的整个主句时； (2) 引导介词、介词短语提前的定语从句时； (3）当先行词为集体名词时，着眼于整体，用which；着眼于各个成员，用who； (4) 替代某些固定短语中的指示代词，如this, that等, 引导定从。 3) 由as引导的定语从句的几种常见情况： (1) as引导非限制性定语从句，说明整个主句的内容，和which引导定语从句代替整个 句子的区别是：which不能放在句首，而as则可以；在句中，as有“正如”、“就象” 之意，而which则没有此意； (2）当先行词前有the same，such修饰时，或在“so / as…as”结构中，表示“那样…… 以致”，后用关系代词as引导限制性定语从句； (3) 在such…as结构中，as为关系代词，替代先行词，引导的是定语从句；在such…that 结构中，that为连词，引导的是一个完整的结果状语从句。
高中英语语法专题精讲精练-动名词解析
动名词 《语法讲解》 一、动名词的句法功能 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。(一)、作主语 1）直接位于句首做主语。 Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。 Climbing mountains is really fun. 爬山真是有趣。 〖注意〗：动名词做主语时，谓语动词为单数 2）用it 作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。 It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 式）。 3）动名词的复合结构作主语 当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个物主代词或名词所有格，构成动名词的复合结构。动名词的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。例如：Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. 他们前来帮忙对我们来说是极大的鼓舞。 Lao Li’s going there won’t be of much help. 老李去不会有多大帮助。 （二）、作宾语 （1）作动词的宾语 *某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有：advise, suggest, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, delay, practise, resist, postpone(推迟)，deny(否认), appreciate (欣赏，感激), escape, excuse, pardon, can’t stan d, put off, give up等。如： Would you mind opening the window?吧窗户打开好吗？ She suggested going to the Great Wall for the spring outing. 她建议去长城春游。 Seeing the picture, he couldn’t help laughing. 看了这幅画，他禁不住大笑起来。*在下面这种结构中也可以用动名词（短语）做宾语：find/think/consider… + it （形式宾语）+ no use/no good/useless… + v.ing（真正宾语）. I found it pleasant walking along the seashore. 在海滩上走真是乐事。 Do you consider it any good trying again? 你认为再试一次有好处吗？ *形容词worth后也可接动名词，作为复合谓语的宾语。 The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这种曲子很值得多听几遍。（2）作介词的宾语 *能接动名词的短语有：think of/about, dream of/about, hear of, prevent/keep/stop…from…, depend on, set about, succeed (in), worry about, burst out,
高考英语语法主谓一致专题讲解练习含答案
在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词在人称和数上必须和主语保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。主谓一致大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致。 语法一致原则 语法一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。 1．单数名词、代词、动词不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。 ?To study French well is not easy. 学好法语不容易。 ?What he said is very important for us all. 他说的话对我们大家很重要。 【注意】由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式；但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。 ?What I bought were three Chinese books. 我买的是三本中文书。 ?What I say and do are helpful to you. 我所说的、所做的都对你有帮助。 2．由连接词and或both...and...连接起来的合成主语后面，谓语动词要用复数形式。 ?Both she and he are middle school students. 他和她都是中学生。 【注意】(1)若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或事(物)时，主语后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。 ?The writer and artist has come. 那个兼有作家和艺术家双重身份的人来了。 ?To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit. 早睡早起是个好习惯。 (2)由and连接的并列单数主语前如果有no, each, every, more than a(an), many a(an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。 ?No boy and no girl likes it. 男孩和女孩没有一个喜欢这个的。
高考英语语法倒装
高考英语冲刺总复习 第三讲倒装句 考点一Here, there, in, out, up, down, away等位于句首引起全部倒装句 考例1. John opened the door. There _____ he had never seen before. （2010年陕西卷） A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl [练习] 1. Out ______, with a stick in his hand. A. did he rush B. rushed he C. he rushed D. he did rush 2. Look, _________ . A. here the bus comes B. here is the bus coming C. here comes the bus D. here the bus is coming 考点二In front of, in the distance, to the east of 等地点状语置于句首引起全部倒装 考例2. At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______, one of the ten largest cities in China. （2010年重庆卷） A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie [练习] 3 At the foot of the mountain______. A. a village lie B. lies a village C. does a village lie D. lying a village 4. In the dark forests ________, some large enough to hold several English towns. A. stand many lakes B. lie many lakes C. many lakes lie D. many lakes stand 考点三：分词+be+主语引起的全部倒装 考例3. ______ a peasant boy of no more than seventeen, who was badly wounded. A. Seated in the corner was B. Was seated in the corner C. In the corner was seating D. In the seated corner was 考点四含否定意义的词位于句首引起部分倒装 考例4. ---It’s nice. Never before_______ such a special drink! (2011福建卷) ---I’m glad you like it. A. I have had B. I had C. have I had D. had I 考例5. Not until he left his home to know how important the family was for him. (2010江西卷) A. did he begin B. had he begun C. he began D. he has begun 考例6. New technology was used in teaching. As a result, not only _______, but students became more interested in the lessons. A. saved was teachers’ energy B. was teach ers’ energy saved C. teachers’ energy was saved D.was saved teachers’ energy [练习] 5. No decision _______about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed. A. will be made B. is made C. is being made D. has been made
2021届高考英语语法一轮复习精讲精练情态动词之高考真题精选(3)
情态动词之高考真题精选（3） 1. He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he __________be quite charming when he wishes. A. shall B. should C. can D. must 2. Traveling by subway __________sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during the rush hour. A. must B. can C. shall D. should 3. It be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words. A. may B. couldn’t C. should D. needn’t 4. Using AI, many companies are now conducting experiments that__________ possible just a few years ago. A. would have been B. might have been C. shouldn't have been D. couldn't have been 5. I __________my examination easily but I made too many stupid mistakes. A. should pass B. could have passed C. had passed D. must have passed 6. Some people who don't like to talk much are not necessarily shy; they _________ just be quiet people. A. must B. may C. should D. would 7. We _________have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years. A. needn't B. may not C. shouldn't D. mustn't 8. It wasn’t right to me that such near neighbors not know one another. A. could B. would C. should D. might 9. According to the air traffic rules, you _______ switch off your mobile phone before boarding. A. may B. can C. would D. should