道路勘测设计专业英语词汇与短语表

道路勘测设计专业英语词汇与短语表
道路勘测设计专业英语词汇与短语表

道路勘测设计专业英语词汇与短语表

道路勘测设计专业英语词汇与短语表

第一章绪论

道路 road

公路 highway

城市道路 city road;urban road

厂矿道路 factories and mines road

林区道路 forest road

乡村道路 country road

车辆换算系数 vehicle conversion factor

城间道路 interurban road

城市出入口公路 city approach highway

道路工程 road engineering

丝绸之路 the silk road

道路网 road metwork

道路(网)密度 density of road network

道路技术标准 technical standard of road

设计车辆 design vehicle

特种车辆 special vehicle

计算行车速度(设计车速) design speed

道路建筑限界 boundary line of road construction

道路用地范围 right of way

净空 clearance

等级道路 classified road

辅道 relief road

高速公路 free way;motorway

部分控制进入 partial control of access

等级公路 classified highway

等外公路 substandard highway

干线公路 arterial highway

支线公路feeder highway

国家干线公路(国道) natilnal trunk highway 省干线公路(省道) provincial trunk highway 县公路(县道) county road

乡公路(乡道) township road (county road) 绕行公路bypass

公路自然区划clinatic zoning for highway (城市)快速路expressway

(城市)主干路arterial road

(城市)次干路secondary trunk road

(城市)支路branch road

街道street

郊区道路suburban road

居住区道路residential street

工业区道路industial district road

厂外道路ractory-out road

厂内道路factory-in road

(厂内)主干道arterial road

(厂内)次干道secondary trunk road

(厂内)支道branch road

露天矿山道路opencast mine road

生产干线prductive arterial road

生产支线productive branch road

联络线linking-up road

林区公路fores thighway

运材道路haul road

集材道路skid road

护林防火道路protection forest fire-proof road 连接道路linking-up road

冻板道路 freeze road

木排道 corduroy road

自行车道 cycle track;cycle path

畜力车道 cattle-pass

驮道 bridler road

项目建议书 project Proposal

可行性研究 feasibility study

项目任务书 Project charter

设计规范 design specification

初步设计 Preliminary Design

施工图设计 construction documents design 交通组成 traffic composition

混合交通 mixed traffic

交通流 traffic flow

车流 vehicle stream

交通密度 traffic density

车头间距 spachead way

车头时距 time headway

车(辆)间净距 vehicular gap

延误 delay

点速度 spot speed

行驶速度 running speed

区间速度 overall speed

运行速度 operating speed

临界速度 iptimum speed;critical speed

时间平均速度 time mean speed

空间平均速度 space mean speed

经济车速 economic speed

自由车速 free-flow speed

交通量 traffic volume

年平均日交通量 annual average daily traffic

月平均日交通量 monthly average daily traffic

年第30位最大小时交通量 thirtieth highest annual hourly volume 年最大小时交通量 maximum annual hourly volume

高峰小时交通量 peak hourly volume

设计小时交通量 design hourly volume

通行能力 traffic capacity

基本通行能力 basic trsffic capacity

可能通行能力 possible traffic capacity

设计通行能力 design traffic capacity

道路服务水平 level of servic e

交叉口通行能力 capacity of imtersection

道路交通规划 traffic planning

交通调查 traffic survey

交通量调查 traffic volume survey

交通量观测站 traffic volume observation

起迄点调查 origin-destination study

出行 trip

境内交通 local traffic

过境交通 through traffic

出境交通 outbound traffic

入境交通 inboud traffic

交通发生 traffic generation

交通分布 traffic distribution

交通方式划分 model split

交通量分配 traffic assignment

交通量预测 traffic volume prognosis

路网通行能力 capacity of metwork

道路网规划 road network planning

棋盘式道路系统 gridiron road systim

环形辐射式道路系统 ring and radial road system 自由式道路系统 free style road system

混合式道路系统 combination-type road system (城市)道路面积率 road area ratio

(城市)人均道路面积 road area ratio

第二章汽车行驶理论牵引力 tractive effort

行驶阻力 driving resistance

滚动阻力 rolling resistance

空气阻力 air friction;air resistance

坡度阻力 slope resistance;grade resistance

第三章平面设计

(城市道路)平面设计 alignment design;plane design 道路中线 center line of road

道路轴线 road axis

道路路线 route of road

道路线形 road alignment

平面线形 horizontal alignment

横向力系数 lateral force ratio

缓和曲线 transition curve;easement curve

离心加速度 centrifugal acceleration

回旋线 spiral curve;clothoid

交点 intersection point, IP

主点 major point

偏角 angle of deflection

偏角法 method of deflection angle

几何要素 geometry element

圆曲线参数 parameter of circular curve

切线支距法 tangent offset method

缓和曲线参数 parameter of easement curve

急弯 sharp curve

缓弯 flat curve

坐标 coordinate

线形要素 alignment elment

平曲线 horizontal curve

最小平曲线半径 minimum radius of horizontal xurve

汽车最小转弯半径 minimum turning radius

圆曲线 circular curve

复曲线 compound curve

复曲线点 point of compound curve, PCC

反向曲线 reverse curve

同向曲线 adjacent curve in one direction

断背曲线 broken-back curve

回头曲线 switch-back curve;reverse loop

卵形曲线 ovoid curve

视线 sight line

视距 sight distance

停车视距 stopping sight distance

超车视距 overtaking sight distance

[司机]反应距离 [driver]reaction distance

[司机]感觉反应距离 [driver] perception-reaction distance [司机]感觉反应时间 [driver] perception-reaction time

[司机]判断时间 [driver] judgement time

[司机]识别距离 [driver] decipherment distance

侧向视野 field of lateral vision

侧向余宽 lateral clearance

侧向最小安全间距 minimum safe lateral clearance

第四章纵断面设计

纵断面设计 profile design;design of vertical alignment 纵面线形 vertical alignment

高程(标高) elevation

地面高程 groud elevation

设计高程 designed elevation

(路线)纵断面图 vertical profile map

中桩填挖高度 height of cut and fill at center stake

纵坡 longitudinal gradient

最大纵坡 maximum longitudinal gradient

最小纵坡 minimum longitudinal gradient

变坡点 grade change point

平均纵坡 average gradient

坡长限制 grade length limitation

纵坡折减 grade compensation

缓和坡段 transitional gradient

竖曲线 vertical curve

凸形竖曲线 convex vertical curve

凹形竖曲线 concave vertical curve

第五章横断面设计路幅 roadway

车行道(行车道) carriage way

车道 lane

内侧车道 fast lane

中间车道 cemter lane

外侧车道 nearside lane

附加车道 auxiliary lane

变速车道 speed-change lane

加速车道 acceleration lane

减速车道 deceleration lane

超车车道 overtaking lane

爬坡车道 climbing lane

停车车道 parking lane

紧急停车带 emergency parking strip;lay-by 错车道 passing bay

回车道(回车场) turmaround loop

专用车道 accommodation lane

错车洞 passing bay in tunnel

单行路 one-way road

车道宽度 lane-width

人行道 side walk;foot way

分隔带 separator;central reserve

路缘带 marginal strip

路肩 shoulder;verge

硬路肩 hard shoulder

路缘石 curb

平缘石 flush curb

立缘石(侧石) vertical curb

平石 gutter apron

街沟(偏沟) gutter

路侧带 curb side strip

绿化带 green belt

横坡 cross slope

路拱 crown

路拱曲线 camber curve

合成坡度 resultant gradient

平曲线加宽 curve widening

加宽过渡段 transition zone of curve widening 超高 superelevation

超高缓和段 superelevation runoff

断面渐变段 transition zone of cross section 超高横坡度 superelevation slope

土方调配 cut-fill transition

土方调配图 cut-fill transition program

土方调配经济运距 economical hauling distance 横断面图 cross-cectional profile

路基 subgrade

路堤 embankment

路堑 cutting

半填半挖式路基 part-cut part-fill subrade

台口式路基 benched subgrade

路基宽度 width of subgrade

路基设计高程 design elevation of subgrade (路基)最小填土高度 minimum height of fill

边坡 side slope

边坡平台 plain stage of slope

边坡坡度 grade of side slope

边坡修整 slope trimming

(边)坡顶 top of slope

(边)坡脚 toe of slope

护坡道 berm

边坡平台 plain stage of slope

碎落台 stage for heaping soil and brocken rock 护坡 slope protection

挡土墙 retaining wall

重力式挡土墙 gravity retaining wall

衡重式挡土墙 balance weight retaining wall

悬臂式挡土墙 cantilever retaining wall

扶壁式挡土墙 counterfort retaining wall

柱板式挡土墙 pile and plank retaining wall

锚杆式挡土墙 anchored retaining wall by tie rods 锚锭板式挡土墙 anchored bulkhead retaining wall 加筋土挡土墙 reinforced earth retaining wall

石笼 rock rilled gabion

抛石 riprap

护栏 guard rail

护墙 guard wall

标柱 guard post

防护栅 safety fence

防炫屏(遮光栅) anti-dizzling screen

隔音墙 acoustic

防沙设施 sand protection facilities

防雪设施 snow protection facilities

道路限界架 boundary frame on road

道路照明设施 ighting facilies of road

交通广场 traffic square

停车场 parking lot

反坡安全线 adverse grade for safety

公交(车辆)停靠站 bus bay ;parking station

综合管道(综合管廊) composite pipe line

渡口 ferry

道路绿化 road planting

街道绿化 street planting

行道树 street trees

绿篱 hedge;living fence

功能栽植 function planting

护路林 shelter belt

里程碑 ki lometer stone

百米桩 hectometer stake

第六章道路选线与定线踏勘 reconnaissance

(道路工程)方案图 road project

(道路)平面示意图 plane sketch

线形设计 alignment design

公路景观设计 highway landscape design

(城市道路)竖向设计 design of elevation

选线 route selection

路线控制点 control point

定线 location of line

纸上定线 paper location

比较线 alternative line

展线 route deveopment

初测 preliminary survey

定测 location survey

地貌 topographic feature

地物 culture

地形 topographyf

台地 terrace

垭口 pass;saddle back

平原区 plain terrain

微丘区 rolling terrain

重丘区 hilly terrain

山岭区 mountainous terrain 沿溪线 valley line

山脊线 ridge line

山坡线(山腰线) hill-side line 越岭线 ridge line

(道路)隧道 tunnel

半山洞 half tunnel

明洞 open cut tunnel

导线 traverse

中线测量 center line survey

施工测量 construction survey

竣工测量 final survey

(路线)平面图 plan view

交点 intersection point

虚交点 inaginary intersection point 转点 turning point

转角 intersection angle

偏角 deflection angle

方位角 azimuth angle

象限角 bearing angle

方向角 direction angle

切线长 tangent length

曲线长 curve length

外(矢)距 external distance

测站 instrument station

测点 observation point

中桩 center stake

加桩 additional stake

护桩 reference stake

断链 broken chainage

水准点 bench mark

绝对基面 absolute datum

地形测量 topographic survey

基线 base line

地形图 topographic map

等高线 comtour line

横断面测量 cross-sectional survey

坑探 intersection plan

钻探 boring

(道路)地质剖面图 geological section

(道路)地质柱状图 boring log

地下水位 uderground water level

摄影测量 photogrammetry

航空摄影测量 aerial photogrammetry

地面立体摄影测量 ground stereophotogrammetry 地面控制点测量 ground control-point survey

航摄基线 aerophoto base

影像地图 ohotographic map

航摄像片判读 aerophto interpretation

综合法测图 planimetric photo

全能法测图 universal photo

微分法测图 differential photo

像片镶嵌图 photo mosaic

第七章道路平交叉设计(平面)交叉口 intersection;road crossing

交叉口进口intersection entrance,approach

交叉口出口 intersection exit

加宽转角式交叉口 intersection with widende corners 拓宽路口式交叉口 flaredintersection

分道转弯式交叉口 channelized intersection

渠化交通 channelization

交织 weaving

交织路段 weaving section

合流 converging

分流 diverging

冲突点 conflic t point

交织点 weaving point

交通岛 traffic island

导流岛 channelization island

中心岛 center-island

安全岛 refug island

道口铺面 paved crossing

道口限界架 boundary frame on crossing

交通安全设施 traffic safety device

人行横道 cross walk

斑马线 zebra crossing

人行地道 pedestrian underpass

人行天桥 pedestrian overcrossing

分隔设施 separate facilities

视距三角形 sight triangle

路口视距 sight distance of intersection

标志视认性 sign legibility

(平曲线)横净距 lateral elear distance of curve

道路曲线最内侧的车道行车 (路口)截角cut corner for sight line 视野 field of vision

道路交叉(路线交叉) Road intersection,crossing, junction

交叉角 intersection angle

(铁路)道口 railroad grade crossing

平面交叉 at-grade intersection;grade crossing

多岔交叉 multiple-leg intersection

环形交叉 rotary intersection;roundabout

微形环交 mini-roundabout

十字形交叉 cross roads

丁字形交叉(T形交叉) T intersection

错位交叉 staggered junction

Y形交叉 Y intersection

交叉口平面图 intersection plan

第八章道路立体交叉设计

立体交叉 grade-separated junction

上跨铁路立体交叉 overpass grade separation

下穿铁路立体交叉 underpass grade separation

简单立体交叉 grade separation

互通式立体交叉 interchange

苜蓿叶形立体交叉 clover-leaf interchange

半苜蓿叶形立交 partial clover-leaf interchange

定向式立体交叉 directional interchange

半定向式立交 semi-directional interchange

菱形立体交叉 diamond in terchange

喇叭形立体交叉 trumpet interchange

环形立体交叉rotary interchange

分隔式立体交叉 interchange woth special bicycle track 匝道 ramp

单向匝道 one-wayramp

双向匝道 two-way ramp

环形匝道 loop ramp

车道分布 lane distribution

车道分界线 lane line

人教版新目标七年级上册英语单词及短语测试练习d

7年级1单元单词及短语 第一单元 1. 我的. 2. 名字n. 3. 是v. 4. 时钟n. 5. I 我. 6. 是v. 7. I'm 8. 好的;令人愉快的. 9. 用于与动词原形一起构成动词不定式 . 10. 遇见;相逢v. 11. 你;你们. 12. 什么 . 13. 's 14. 你的;你们的. 15. (表示问候)喂. 16. (表示问候)嗨. 17. 他的. 18. 和;又;而且. 19. 她的. 20. 问题;难题;询问;疑问n. 21. 问答;答复;答案n. 22. 看;望;看起来v. 23. 第一. 24. 名字 25. 最后的;上一个的. 26. 姓氏 27. 男孩n. 28. 女孩n. 29. 零. 30. 一. 31. 二. 32. 三.

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(完整版)小学生必背英语单词、词组

小学生必背英语单词表 一、学习用品(school things) pen钢笔pencil铅笔pencil-case铅笔盒ruler尺子book 书bag 包 comic book漫画书post card明信片newspaper报纸schoolbag书包eraser橡皮 crayon蜡笔sharpener卷笔刀story-book故事书notebook笔记本 Chinese book语文书English book英语书math book数学书magazine杂志dictionary词典 二、身体部位(body) foot脚head头face脸hair头发nose鼻子mouth 嘴eye眼睛ear耳朵arm手臂 hand手 finger手指leg腿tail尾巴 三、颜色(colours) red红blue蓝yellow黄green绿white白 black黑pink粉红purple紫orange橙brown棕 四、动物(animals) cat猫dog狗pig猪duck鸭rabbit兔子horse马elephant大象ant蚂蚁fish鱼bird鸟 eagle鹰beaver海狸snake蛇mouse鼠squirrel松鼠kangaroo袋鼠monkey猴子panda熊猫 bear熊lion狮tiger老虎fox狐狸zebra斑马 deer鹿giraffe长颈鹿goose鹅hen母鸡 turkey火鸡lamb小羊sheep绵羊goat山羊cow奶 牛donkey驴squid鱿鱼lobster龙虾shark鲨鱼 seal海豹sperm whale抹香鲸killer whale虎鲸 五、人物(people) friend朋友boy男孩girl女孩mother母亲father父亲sister姐妹brother兄弟uncle叔叔man男人woman女人Mr先生Miss小姐lady女士mom妈妈 dad爸爸parents父母grandma/grandmother(外)祖母g randpa/grandfather(外)祖父aunt阿姨 cousin堂表兄弟姐妹son儿子baby婴儿kid小孩classmate同学queen女王visitor参观者neighbour邻居principal校长university student大学生pen pal笔 友tourist施行者people人物robot机器人 六、职业(job) teacher教师student学生doctor医生nurse护士driver司机farmer农民singer歌唱家writer作家actor男演员actress女演员artist画家TV reporter 电视台记者engineer工程师accountant会计 policeman(男)警察salesperson销售员cleaner清洁工baseball player棒球运动员assistant售货员policeman警察 七、食品、饮料(food&drink) rice米饭bread面包beef牛肉milk牛奶water水egg蛋fish鱼tofu豆腐cake蛋糕hot dog热狗hamburger汉堡包曲奇French fries暑条biscuit饼干jam果酱noodles面条meat肉 chicken鸡肉pork猪肉mutton羊肉vegetable蔬菜salad沙拉soup汤 ice冰ice-cream冰淇淋 Coke可乐juice果汁tea茶coffee咖啡breakfast早餐lunch午餐dinner晚餐八、水果、蔬菜(fruit&vegetable) apple苹果banana香蕉pear梨orange橙watermelon 西瓜grape葡萄eggplant茄子green beans青豆 tomato西红柿potato土豆peach桃子strawberry草莓cucumber黄瓜 onion洋葱carrot胡萝卜cabbage卷心菜九、衣服(clothes) jacket夹克衫shirt衬衫T-shirt T恤衫skirt短裙子dress连衣裙jeans牛仔裤pants裤子socks袜子 shoes鞋子sweater毛衣coat上衣raincoat雨衣shorts短裤sneakers网球鞋 slippers拖鞋sandals凉鞋boots靴子hat帽子cap鸭舌帽sunglasses太阳镜 tie领带 scarf围巾gloves手套 十、交通工具(vehicles) bike自行车bus公共汽车train火车水boat小船 ship轮船yacht快艇car小汽车taxi出租车 jeep吉普车van小货车plane飞机subway地铁 motor cycle摩托车 十一、杂物(other things) window窗户door门 desk课桌chair椅子bed床 computer 计算机board写字板fan风扇light灯teacher’s desk讲台picture图画;照片 wall墙壁 floor地板curtain窗帘trash bin垃圾箱 closet壁橱mirror镜子end table床头柜 football足球presen礼物walkman随身听lamp台灯phone电话sofa沙发shelf书架fridge冰箱 table桌子TV电视air-conditioner空调key钥匙 lock锁 photo照片chart图表plate盘子knife刀f ork叉spoon勺子chopsticks筷子pot锅 gift礼物toy玩具doll洋娃娃ball球balloon气球kite风筝jigsaw puzzle拼图游戏box盒子umbrella伞zipper拉链violin小提琴yo-yo溜溜nest鸟窝 hole洞tube管子toothbrush牙刷 menu菜单 e-card电子卡片e-mail电子邮件traffic light交通灯money钱medicine药

人教版英语七年级上册单词表短语

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七年级动词短语固定搭配 want to do sth想要做某事I want to be a teacher./ He wants to have milk for breakfast. want sb to do sth想要某人做某事My mother wants me to clean the room. want sth想要某物I want an apple. like doing sth喜欢做某事I like playing football. like to do sth喜欢做某事He likes to go shopping with his friends. like sth喜欢某物I like apples. enjoy doing sth喜爱做某事My brother enjoys playing football. enjoy sth喜爱/某物I enjoyed my winter vacation. have fun doing sth愉快地做某事I had great fun playing in the water. =have a good time doing sth = I had a good time playing in the water. =enjoy oneself to do sth = I enjoyed myself to play in the water. let sb do sth让某人做某事Lucy lets me go shopping with her. let sb not do sth让某人不做某事My mother lets me not play on the road. tell sb to do sth告诉某人去做某事Tom tells me to work hard. tell sb not to do sth告诉某人不要去做某事Tom tells me not to play every day. tell sb about sth告诉某人关于某事My math teacher tells us about the exam. tell sb sth告诉某人某事My friend told me the traffic accident. hope to do sth希望去做某事I hope to go to Beijing on summer vacation. hope +从句希望……I hope you have a good trip. It’s +形容词+of sb to do sth某人做某事真是太……It’s kind of you to help me. It’s+形容词+for sb to do sth做某事对某人来说……It’s good for you to have vegetables every day. be interested in doing sth对做某事很感兴趣Lucy is interested in dancing. be interested in sth做某事/某物很感兴趣My parents are interested in Beijing Opera. be friendly to sb对某人很友好My classmates are friendly to me. be friendly with sb和某人很友好My classmates are friendly with each other. wait for sb等待某人Jeff often waits for his sister after school. can’t wait to do sth迫不及待去做某事Summer is coming , I can’t wait to go to swim. work for为……而工作Do you want to work for a magazine? work as从事……职业My father works as a doctor. work with和……一起工作Do you like to work with other young people?

小学英语基本短语、单词及对话

小学英语基本短语、单词及对话 1(——Hello!/Hi! 你好 2(——What’s your name,你叫什么名字, ——My name is Tom./I’m Tom. 我的名字叫Tom/我是Tom 3(Good morning/afternon/evening! 4(—How are you? 你身体好吗, ——I’m fine.Thank you. 我很好,谢谢~ 5(—Who’s he/she? 他/她是谁 —He/She is my fathet/mother 他/她是我的爸爸/妈妈。 mother 妈妈 father 爸爸 uncle 叔叔 sister 姐(妹) brothe 兄(弟) grandpa 祖(外祖)父 grandma 祖(外祖)母 girl 女孩 boy 男孩 6. ——What class are you in? 你在哪一班级 ——I’m in class1,grade 6.我在六年(1)班 7. ——How many hens can you see? 你能看到你几只鸡, ——Two.两只 One 1 two 2 three 3 four 4 five 5 six 6 seven 7 eight 8 night 9 ten 10 eleven 11 twelve 12 8. ——What day is today? 今天是什么时候, ——It’s Monday. 今天是周一 Monday 星期一 Tuesday 星期二 Wednesday 星期三 Thursday 星期四 Friday 星期五Saturday 星期六 Sunday 星期日 9. ——Are you on duty today? 今天你值日吗, ——Yes,I am./No,I’m not. 是的,我是/不,我不是。

(完整)新版广州七年级英语单词与短语

Unit1 单词: German 德国的 blog 博客 grammar 语法 sound 声音 complete 完成 hobby 爱好 country 国家 age 年龄 dream 梦想 everyone 人人;所有人 Germany 德国 mountain 山;山脉 elder 年长的 friendly 有好的 engineer 工程师 world世界 Japan 日本 flat 公寓 yourself 你自己 US 美国 短语: ask somebody about 就……询问某人live……with 与……一起生活 close to (在空间上、时间上)接近 go to school 去上学 (be) good at 擅长 make friends with 与……交朋友 all over 遍及 ’d like to=would like to 愿意 (be) far from 远离 best wishes 最美好的祝愿 on the Internet 在互联网上 in my free time 在我的业余时间hear from somebody 收到某人的来信

Unit2 单词: daily 日常的 article 文章 never 从不 table tennis乒乓球 ride 骑;驾驶 usually 通常的 so 因此;所以 seldom 不常;很少 Geography 地理 break 休息 bell 钟;铃 ring (使)发出钟声;响起铃声 end 结束;终止 band 乐队 practice 练习 together 在一起 market 集市;市场 guitar 吉他 grade 年级 短语: once or twice a week 一周一两次 brush one’s teeth 刷牙 junior high school 初级中学 love/enjoy doing…喜欢做…… on foot 步行 morning break 早间休息 take part in 参加 have a good time=enjoy oneself 过得愉快 in the evening 在晚上 later in the afternoon 下午晚些时候 play the guitar 弹吉他 do morning exercises 做早操 go to bed 去睡觉 have breakfast/lunch 吃早餐/午餐 get up 起床 wash one’s face 洗脸 a piece of bread 一块面包 have dinner 吃晚饭 arrive at 到达 help somebody with something 帮助某人做某事

英语短语词汇

A A brand-new start一个全新的开始 A casual visitor = an unexpected guest 不速之客 A distinguished ancestry名门望族 A letter of credence = a letter of introduction 介绍信 A mind replete with knowledge博学之士 A proclivity towards laziness懒惰成性 Above average中上水平,blow average 中下水平 Abdicate one’s responsibilities放弃责任 Abdicate the office= resign from = quite office = hand in one’s resignation 辞职 Acclaim sb /sth as称呼某人、某物为…… Accord sb a hearty welcome热烈欢迎某人 Account for = give sb an account of sth 解释 Acquaint oneself with = be familiar to = familiarize with 对……熟悉Agility in debate辩论方面的机智 Alienate sb from sb = sow discord 挑拨离间 Alienate oneself from sb = estrange (from) sb 远离某人,疏远某人Eg: She was alienated from her friend by her foolish behavior. 她愚蠢的行为使她的朋友同她疏远了。

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