高中英语句子成分

高中英语句子成分
高中英语句子成分

高三艺术生第一周补课——句子成分及句子结构

一.主语:

在句中,主语是句子所要说明或描述的人或事物,通常位于句首,通常由名词,代词,动名词(v-ing),不定式,及从句充当。

1. A mooncake is a delicious cake.

2. To master a foreign language is important for us.

3. Smoking is bad for our health.

4. What he said is useful to me.

考点一:主谓一致:谓语动词的人称和数与主语保持一致。

1.我的爷爷每天起得很早。(get up)

2.这些学生来自中国。(come from/ be from)

3.写日记是一个很好的学习习惯。(keep a diary、learning habits)

考点二:it 作形式主语的重要句型

1.It is + adj+(for sb ) to do sth

2.It is time for sb to do sth = it is time that sb did sth/should do sth.

3.It takes/took sb time to do sth

4.It was reported/said/believed/thought/suggested that+句子

1.保持劳逸结合对我们来说很重要。(keep a balance between work and rest)

2.该到我们保护环境的时候到了。(protect environment)

3.完成家庭做业花费了我三个小时。

4.It _________(report) that it received more than one million visitors during the spring festival.

二.谓语

(一)用来说明主语的动作或特征和状态的成分,一般由动词充当。

1.He plays basketball every morning.

2.We are senior 3 students.

3.This idea sounds good.

4.We should study harder than before.

5.Great changes have taken place in my hometown.

(二)动词分类

1.实义动词:eg: play like climb beat pat succeed decide...

2.系动词:1)be:________

2)感官动词_____________________________________

3)表变化_________________________________________________

4)三保持二证明________________________________________

3.情态动词:can/could, may/might, should, must, have to, had better, would rather

4.助动词:不能单独作谓语,是帮助主要动词构成各种时态。(have,has ,had, will,

be,do等)

考点一:对及物动词和不及物动词的理解与记忆。

改错

1.We are hoping to solve something that bother to us.

2.I hope my dream will be come true.

3.Great changes have been taken place in my hometown.

考点二:系动词:1)系动词+adj(表语)2)系动词无被动

1.The coat feels smoothly.

2.Mayun was turned out to be a successful businessman.

3.This soup was tasted delicious.

考点三:情态动词加动词原形

1.We must found ways to protect our environment.

2.We had better to see a dentist.

三.宾语

通常放在谓语动词之后,表示动作行为的对象。由名词,代词,v-ing,to do或从句充当。

1.He speaks Chinese.

2.Don’t laugh at the boy.

3.Many boys in China wants to be a basketball player.

4.Would you mind looking after my cat.

5.I think you are the most beautiful.

考点一:常考只能接不定式(to do)做宾语的动词:

Decide to do / want to do / refuse to do/ pretend to do / promise to do /offer to do/afford to do/expect to do/fail to do/plan to do/volunteer to do

1.I want________(go) abroad.

2.Many young people can’t afford________(buy) a house.

考点三:常考只能跟动名词做宾语的动词及短语

Enjoy doing/mind doing/keep doing/avoid doing/consider doing/suggest doing/allow,permit doing/appreciate doing/escape doing/ finish doing/practise doing

Look forward to

Be devoted to/devote oneself to doing

Get down to doing

Lead to doing

Stick to doing

Object to doing

改错

1.I am looking forward to hear from you.

2.The woman has devoted herself to protect our environment.

3.To avoid ________(make) mistakes in the test, Mary studies hard.

4.Practise_________(speak) English and you will make progress.

考点四双宾语

有些及物动词,比如give, show ,pass.send 等可以接两个宾语,一个指人,一个指物。

Give sb sth

Offer sb sth Array Bring sb sth

Lend sb sth

Owe sb sth

Pass/hand sb sth

Send sb sth

Tell sb sth

Teach sb sth

四.定语

定语是用来修饰限定名词或代词,翻译成...的。作定语主要有形容词,此外代词,数词,介词短语,动词不定式,现在分词,过去分词和从句都可以做定语。一)找出以下句子的定语

1.He is a famous scientist.

2.There are two women teachers.

3.The girl in red is my sister.

4.The meeting to be held tomorrow is important.

5.The girl called Xiaofang is my roommate.

6.The boy playing basketball looks handsome.

7.The bike which/that I bought yesterday is second-hand.

五.状语

修饰动词,形容词,副词,或整个句子,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分叫状语。主要由副词,介词短语,动词不定式,分词短语或由连词引导状语从句。表示时间,地点,程度,方式,目的,原因,结果,伴随,让步,条件。

一)写出划线部分属于哪一种状语。

1.I often get up at 3 o’clock.

2.Pandas only lived in China before.

3.To make progress in English, I will study harder than before.

4.We usually go to school by bus.

5.Although he is young, he is rich.

6.If you don’t study hard , you will fall behind the others.

7.We didn’t go to school, because the weather is bad.

8.The wind is so strong that we can’t take a step.

9.I stand here , watching the sky.

六.补语

某一些及物动词的宾语后面还要有一个补足语意思才完整,宾语和他的补足语构成复合宾语,通常由名词,代词,形容词,不定式,和分词充当。

1.We elect him monitor of our class.

2.We must keep our classroom tidy.

3.Our teacher often encourages us to study hard.

4.He often make us laugh.

5.I saw her playing basketball on the playground.

6.The Tv doesn’t work. I will get it repaired.

七.翻译练习(主谓结构)

1.你应该努力学习。

2.John的父亲昨晚去世了。

3.他昨晚回家很晚。

4.五年前我居住在北京。

5.每天早上妈妈很早就起床。

6.会议将持续两个小时。(last)

7.在过去的十年里,我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。(take place)

8.Alice 擅长英语。(be good at)

一.主谓结构

1.我们应该努力学习。

2.昨天晚上他回家很晚。

3.会议将持续两个小时。

4.那天早上我们谈了很多。

5.在过去的十年里我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。

6.Tom 的父亲昨晚去世了。

7.每天早上我爷爷都起得非常早。

8.五年前,我住在北京。

二.主系表结构

1.我妈妈看起来很年轻。

2.这个报告听起来很有趣。

3.他失业了。

4.他15岁时就成为了一名钢琴家。

5.她的工作是在幼儿园照看小孩子。

三.主谓宾结构

1.我昨晚写了一封信。

2.他们成功地完成了计划。

3.这个老师能流利地说三种语言。

4.我们都相信他是一个诚实的男孩。

5.圣诞节那天我们将去拜访我们的外教。四.主谓宾宾

1.去年Mr Johnson教我们德语。

2.外祖父昨晚给我讲了一个非常有趣的故事。

3.Mary 把钱包递给了校长。

4.父亲昨天给我买了一辆新的自行车。

五.主谓宾宾补

1.我们将会让我们的校园变得越来越美丽。

2.我想要你告诉我真相。

3.老师总是鼓励我们要努力学习。

4.昨天我看见这个男孩正在偷一位乘客的钱包。

5.我感觉学英语很重要。

改错题

The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home, it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. But in that case, we will learn little about world. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden you view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.

语法填空

If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识别)those of 61_______ (great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of 62__________ (achieve) Leavine the less important things until tomorrow 63__________ (be)often acceptable.

Most of us are more focused 64_________ our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So get an early start and try to be as productive 65________ possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.

Recent 66________ (study)show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 67 ___________ (regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 68 _________ while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.

高中英语句子成分超级大汇总

高中英语句子成分超级大汇总 高中英语句子成分超级大汇总 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下: 一:S V (主+谓) 二:S V P (主+系+表) 三:S V O (主+谓+宾) 四:S V o O (主+谓+间宾+直宾) 五:S V O C (主+谓+宾+宾补) 基本句型一:S V(主+谓) 主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家! 谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,如:We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 S │V (不及物动词) 1. The sun │was shining.太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。

5. Who │cares? 管它呢? 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。 基本句型二:S V P(主+系+表) 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类,表示情况;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类,表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。感官动词多可用作联系动词:look well/面色好,sound nice/听起来不错,feel good/感觉好,smell bad/难闻 S │V(是系动词)│P 1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary.这是本英汉辞典。 2. The dinner │smells │good. 午餐的气味很好。 3. He │fell │in love. 他堕入了情网。 4. Everything │looks │different. 一切看来都不同了。 5. He │is growing │tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮 6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。 7. Our well │has gone │dry. 我们井干枯了。 8. His face │turned │red. 他的脸红了。

高中英语句子成分详细归纳

英语五种基本句型列式如下: 一:SV(主+谓) 二:SVP(主+系+表) 三:SVO(主+谓+宾) 四:SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾) 五:SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补) 主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家! 谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,如:We come.

此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 S│ V(不及物动词) 1. The sun │was shining.太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 5. Who │cares? 管它呢? 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类,表示情况;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类,

高中英语句子成分分析讲解即时练习巩固

第1讲句子成分 英语的句子成分主要有六种:即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。(可以熟记为:主谓宾,定状补) 除了这六种主要成分之外,还有“表语”和“同位语”的说法。但表语和系动词一起作谓语,因此划分成分时,划分在谓语上。同位语分为主语同位语和宾语同位语,属于主语或宾语的一部分。 考点1.划分句子成分时的常用符号 英语中划句子成分的符号 主语在下面划一直线 谓语在下面划曲线 宾语在下面划双横线 定语在下面划虚线(一行点使我们想到一 排钉子,“钉”谐音为“定语” 的“定”) 状语下面为短横线(短横线使我们想到短 木桩,木桩撞(状)钟) 补语上一短横,下一短横(下一短横好像是 为了弥补上面短横间的空隙) 同位语上下双曲线,(虽都有曲折,上下位置 基本相同 考点2.主语 主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首,通常由名词性的词来充当。 可以作主语的词性或语法结构: 1.名词 2.代词 3.数词 4.名词化的形容词(如the rich) 5.不定式 6.动名词 7.主语从句等表示。 练习1.在下面句子的主语下面划横线,并说出由什么充当 1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 2.We often speak English in class. 3.One-third of the students in this class are girls. 4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 5.Smoking does harm to the health. 6.The rich should help the poor. 7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 8.It is necessary to master a foreign language. 9.That he isn’t at home is not true 练习2.改正下列句中的错误,并说明原因 1.He failed the exam is the reason why he dropped out. 2.That why he was late for school was that his mother was ill. 3.Beyond the mountains lie a small village. 4.Gone is the days when I had to go to school on foot. 5.Play basketball is my favorite sport. 6.Give up English is not an option. 考点3.谓语 谓语由动词充当,说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语的构成如下: 1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。如: He practices running every morning. He reads newspapers every day. 2、复合谓语: (1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词构成。如:You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caugh t a bad cold. My sister is crying over there. I have been waiting for you all the time. I would stay at home all day. (2)由系动词加表语构成。系动词不能单独作谓语,要和表语一起作谓语。如: We are students. Your idea sounds great. 考点4.表语 表语多是形容词,用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。 练习3.划出下列句中的表语,并说明有什么充当。 1.Our teacher of English is an American. 2.Is it yours? 3.The weather has turned cold.

高中英语句子成分划分详解(全)

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There are some bottles of milk in the box. ▲在个别句型中,主语在整个句子后面,这时前面用it作形式主语。如: It is very interesting to play the game called “treat or trick”. It took two workers about three months to build the house. 2.谓语 谓语时用来说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”,谓语必须是动词,谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。如: He is very generous. She looks very smart and cool We have finished the job. He can speak German. 3.表语 表语说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”,由名词、形容词、介词、副词、不定式及相当于名词的词或短语来充当,它的位置在系动词后面。 形容词作表语You look younger than before.名词作表语My father is a teacher. 副词作表语Everyone is here. 介词短语作表语They are at the theatre. 不定式作表语My job is to teach them English. 动名词作表语Her job is training the nurses. 从句作表语That is why he didn’t come to school yesterday.

高中英语语法句子成分分析 word版

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