人教版高中英语必修四高一下学期英语动名词练习
祝敏娟
1.We are considering ________ a trip around the island.
A. take
B. to take
C. to be taking
D. taking
2.I hope you don’t mind ____ at your newspaper.
A. I look
B. my looking
C. I looking
D. my to look
3.When a man’s heart stops ______ , he dies.
A. to beat
B. beating
C. beat
D. beaten
4.So far as I am concerned , I prefer reading ________ .
A. than meat
B. for joy
C. instead of sleeping
D. to drinking
5. It goes without _______ that knowledge is important.
A. talking
B. telling
C. saying
D. mentioning
6. We are looking forward ______ our friends next week.
A. to see
B. to seeing
C. to be seeing
D. shall see
7. He spent a lot of money _____ books and magazines.
A. buy
B. buying
C. to buy
D. bought
8.The silkworm is an insect worth _____.
A. to know
B. knowing
C. to be known
D. being known
9.She went out without ______ good-bye to us.
A. say
B. to say
C. saying
D. being said
10.The curious student kept on _______ questions.
A. asks
B. asking
C. to ask
D. asked
11.He is such a strange person; there’s _____ what he’ll do next.
A. no knowing
B. not to know
C. not known
D. being unknown
12.When she heard the bad news, she burst______.
A. into crying
B. out to tears
C. crying
D. out crying
13. You must never cross the street without ______ the light to turn green.
A. waiting
B. to wait
C. waiting for
D. to wait for
14. Scientists succeed _____ protein out of old newspapers.
A. to make
B. at making
C. making
D. in making
15. I became ______ after watching too much television.
A. bored
B. boring
C. bore
D. bores
16. I felt ____ by his interest in my new invention.
A. encourage B to encourage C. was encouraged D. encouraged
17. He sat there ______ a novel.
A. read
B. reading
C. reads
D. had read
18. The heavy rain kept us _____ for two hours.
A. wait
B. waited
C. waiting
D. to wait
19. Don’t wake up the______ child.
A. sleep
B. slept
C. sleeping
D. sleepy
20. I found a dog ______ over by a car on the road.
A. to run
B. run
C. ran
D. running
21. A proverb goes: “A ___ stone gathers no moss”.
A. roll
B. rolling
C. rolled
D. rolls
22. We found the baby ____ on the floor.
A. slept
B. sleep
C. asleep
D. sleeping
23. _____ with his report , I told him to write it all over again.
A. Dissatisfactory
B. Not being satisfied
C. Having not satisfied
D. Dissatisfying
24.Jack saw a woman ______ near the dog , so he walked up to her.
A. stood
B. stands
C. to stand
D. standing
25.They got their car ____ at the garage.
A. be washed
B. washed
C. being washed
D. to have been washed
26.Animals can do many amazing things when properly___.
A. train
B. training
C. trained
D. to train
27. You must be careful when ___ on the highway.
A. you driving
B. are driving
C. driving
D. you were driving
28. Thousands of products ____ from coal are now in daily use.
A. made
B. make
C. making
D. to make
29. If _____ , I will go to the party tonight.
A. invite
B. inviting
C. to invite
D. invited
30. Engines are machines ___ power or motion.
A. produce
B. producing
C. produced
D. which producing
31. During this battle some soldiers were wounded , and some _____.
A. miss
B. missed
C. missing
D. to miss
32. Weather ____ , we will have a picnic tomorrow.
A. permit
B. permits
C.permitted
D. permitting
33. When you find something in your writing that needs ____ , you should mark it on the paper.
A. to be correcting
B. correct
C. to correct
D. correcting
34. The vacation ____ over , the students came back to school.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. being
35. The United States has developed into a modern nation in a very short time____________ with
many other countries.
A. compares
B. comparing
C. to compare
D. compared
36.____, we left off our work.
A. After setting the sun
B. Having set the sun
C. The sun having set
D. Being the sun set.
37. All that it does is ______ the place of a house wife.
A. takes
B. taking
C. take
D. being taken
38. He heard me ______ what Mr. Smith had said the day before.
A. to repeat
B. to be repeated
C. to repeating
D. repeat
39. He could do little except ______.
A. writing
B. write
C. written
D. to write
40. The electric shaver ______ before it can be used.
A. needs repairing
B. requires to repair
B. should be in repair D. has to be repairable
41. ________ a problem requiring multiplication or division, the computer solves it by adding or subtracting.
A. Giving
B. Having given
C. Being given
D. Given
42. You can fly to London this evening ______ you don’t mind changing planes in Paris.
A. provided
B. except
C. unless
D. so far as
43. Students from the south prefer _______.
A. eat rice than bread
B. eating rice than bread
C. eating rice to eating bread
D. eating rice to eat bread
44. Don’t leave the water _______ when you brush your teeth.
A. run
B. running
C. being run
D. to run
45. The father advise ______ the second-hand car.
A. his son to not buy
B. his son not to buy
C. his son’s no buying
D. that his son not to buy
46. “Do you intend to come with us?”
“Yes, ______.”
A. I intend so
B. I intend that
C. I intend to
D. I intend
47. It takes a whole year for the earth ______ round the sun once.
A. traveling
B. to travel
C. traveled
D. travels
48. The factory ______ next year will be one of the largest in this city.
A. to build
B. to be built
C. being built
D. having been built
49. With the guide ______ the way, we set off on foot into the dark night.
A. leading
B. led
C. leads
D. to lead
50. They got the work ______ before the rainy season set in.
A. to do
B. done
C. doing
D. did
51. Things are known ______ when they unite with the oxygen of the air.
A. burning
B. to burn
C. burn
D. being burning
52. He was thoroughly ashamed ______ so much money on such an ugly picture.
A. for spending
B. with spending
C. to have spent
D. of having spent
53. ______ of the burden of ice, the balloon climbed up and drifted to the South.
A. To be free
B. Freeing
C. To free
D. Freed
54. The bank is reported in the local newspaper ______ in broad daylight yesterday.
A. to be robbed
B. robbed
C. to have been robbed
D. having been robbed
55. There seemed little hope that the explorer, _________ in the tropical forest, would find his
way through it.
A. to be deserted
B. having deserted
C. to have been deserted
D. having been deserted
56.--- “Where should I send my application?”
---“The Personnel Office is the place ______.”
A. to sent it
B. sent it to
C. to send it to
D. for sending it
57. The publisher will send you a specimen copy of their new book ______.
A. when it will be requested
B. when they are requested
C. when requested
D. when request it
58. Rome is the city ______.
A. I rather most like to visit
B. I’d most like to visit
C. I’m rather to visit most
D. I’d prefer most to visit
59. There ______ no further business, the meeting came to a stop.
A. being
B. was
C. been
D. had been
60. Please remind me ______ some eggs for the coming party.
A. buy
B. to buy
C. of buying
D. for buying
61. Don’t say anything at the meeting unless ______.
A. asking
B. asked
C. being asked
D. to be asked
62. The radio announced that all flights ______ have been cancelled because of the fog.
A. go out
B. gone out
C. going out
D. will go out
63. What’s the use ______ extra leisure time if you don’t know what to do?
A. have
B. to have
C. being have
D. of having
64. ______ mathematical concepts of some students was very difficult because the students did not have a math background.
A. Explain
B. Explaining
C. Have explained
D. Having explained
65. Although John was the oldest in the family, he always let his sister _____ charge of the house.
A. to take
B. taking
C. take
D. taken
高中英语语法讲解与练习之动词过去分词
高中英语语法之动词过去分词 简介 规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加ed构成(具体规则见后)，不规则动词的过去分词见不规则动词表。过去分词则属于类动词 1. 及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子主语是被动关系,表示主语的状态,不但表示被动,还表示已完成了.The cup is broken. 茶杯破了. 2. 不及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子主语是主动关系,表示主语的状态,只表示动作的完成. He is retired. 他已退休. 3. 有些过去分词作表语时,构成的谓语很接近被动结构. 过去分词构成规则 1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。live---lived---lived , (3)、以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词，将"y" 变为"i" ，再加“ ed ”。 study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried , (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped 2 、不规则动词，见不规则表 一、当过去分词作为表语 The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains. 这座城市三面环山. 【注意】过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别:过去分词作表语,主要是表示主语的状态,而被动语态则表示动作. (1) The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. 茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的.(是被动语态,表示动作) (2) The library is now closed. 图书馆关门了.(过去分词作表语) 【注意】过去分词表示被动或完成, -ing 形式表示主动或进行.有些动词如interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人,用-ing 形式来修饰物. (3) The book is interesting and I'm interested in it. 这本书很有趣,我对它很感兴趣. 二、当过去分词作为定语 作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词.及物动词的过去分词作定语,既表被动又表完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表完成. 1. 过去分词用作定语,如果是单个的,常置于其所修饰的名词之前. We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. 我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况. 2. 过去分词短语用作定语时,一般置于其所修饰的名词之后,其意义相当于一个定语从句,但较从句简洁,多用于书面语中. The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功. 3.过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号. The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero. 他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会,到会的有五千多人. 4. 用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物,这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人,但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关.
高中英语语法详解：动名词
高中英语语法详解：动名词 概念 动名词由动词原形+ING构成,是一种非谓语动词形式 相关知识点精讲： 1.作主语。例如： Fighting broke out between the South and the North. 南方与北方开战了。 2.作宾语 a. 有些动词能够用动名词作宾语。例如： admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 complete完成 consider认为 delay 耽误 deny 否认 detest 讨厌 endure 忍受 enjoy 喜欢 escape 逃脱 fancy 想象 finish 完成
imagine 想象 mind 介意 miss 想念 postpone推迟 practice 训练 recall 回忆 resent 讨厌 resume 继续 resist 抵抗 risk 冒险 suggest 建议 face 面对 include 包括 stand 忍受 understand 理解 forgive 宽恕 keep 继续 例如：Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please? 你把收音机音量调小一点，好吗 The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught. 这松鼠幸运得很，刚逃避了被逮住的厄运。 b. 有些结构后面能够用动名词作宾语或其他成分。例如：
admit to prefer…to be used to lead to devote oneself to object to stick to no good no use be fond of look forward to be proud of be busy can't help be tired of be capable of be afraid of think of burst out keep on insist on count on
高中英语必修4单词表
必修4单词表 Unit 1 achievement n. 成就；功绩 △Joan of Arc 圣女贞德 （法国民族女英雄） △Elizabeth Fry 伊丽莎白?弗赖伊 （英国慈善家） △Quaker n. 教友派信徒；贵格会会员 welfare n. 福利；福利事业 project n. 项目；工程；规划 institute n. 学会；学院；协会 △China Welfare Institute 中国福利基金会 specialist n. 专家；专业工作者 △specialize vi. 专攻；专门从事；专注于 △Jane Goodall 简?古道尔 (英国动物学家) △chimp n. （非洲）黑猩猩 connection n. 连接；关系 human being 人类 △Jody Williams 乔迪?威廉斯 （美国诺贝尔和平奖得者） campaign n. 运动；战役 vi. 作战；参加运动 △landmine n. 地雷 organization n. 组织；机构；团体 △Gombe National Park 贡贝国家公园 (位于坦桑尼亚) behave vt. & vi. 举动；（举止或行为）表现 behaviour (=behavior) 行为；举止；习性 shade n. 荫；阴凉处 vt. 遮住光线 move off 离开；起程；出发 worthwhile adj. 值得的；值得做的 nest n. 巢；窝 bond n. 联系；关系；结合；纽带 observe vt. 观察；观测；遵守 observation n. 观察；观测 childhood n. 童年；幼年时代 outspoken adj. 直言的；坦诚 respect vt. & n. 尊敬；尊重；敬意 argue vt. & vi. 讨论；辩论；争论
高中英语动名词的用法(完美版)
高中英语语法之动名词 一、含义 动名词兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。基本形式为v-ing, 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等。 动名词有时态和语态的变化。 动名词的时态和语态的基本形式：（以write为例） 注意：动名词的否定形式是：not writing 二、动名词的基本用法 １．用作主语---常表抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作。 Smoking is bad for your health. Playing with fire is dangerous. Swimming is her favorite sport. 游泳是她最喜欢的体育运动。 Learning is important to modern life. 学习对现代生活很重要。 注意： ①不定式也可以做主语。不定式与动名词作主语的区别： 不定式作主语时经常表示具体的、 ．．．动作，而动名词 ．．．．一次性 作主语时经常表示抽象动作或习惯性动作。
Getting up early is a good habit. To get up early this morning made me sleepy. ②动名词作主语，有时用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。 It is no use/ good doing...(做。。。没有用); It is fun doing... (做。。。很有趣); It is a waste of time doing... (做。。。是浪费时间) 等句型中。 例如：It’s no use crying over spilt milk.(覆水难收） It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 说服这样一个人加入我们当中来是浪费时间。 2. 作宾语 ①作某些及物动词的宾语 常见的动词有：advise，avoid，delay，escape，excuse，enjoy，consider，finish，deny，fancy，keep，mind（在乎）postpone，pardon，practise，suggest，imagine等。 need，want，require后接动名词，表示被动意义。 如：Would you mind opening the door？请你把门打开好吗？ Fancy meeting you here. 真想不到在这里遇见你。 ②作介词的宾语 He left without saying good-bye to us. 他没有和我们道别就离开了。 On arriving at the airport，I saw my mother standing in the
高中英语必修4单词表
必修4 Unit 1 n. 成就；功绩 圣女贞德（法国民族女英雄） 伊丽莎白?弗赖伊（英国慈善家） 教友派信徒；贵格会会员 n. 福利；福利事业 n. 项目；工程；规划 n. 学会；学院；协会 中国福利基金会 n. 专家；专业工作者 vi. 专攻；专门从事；专注于 简?古道尔 (英国动物学家) n. （非洲）黑猩猩 n. 连接；关系 人类 乔迪?威廉斯 n. 运动；战役 vi. 作战；参加运动 n. 地雷 n. 组织；机构；团体 贡贝国家公园 vt. & vi. 举动；（举止或行为）表现行为；举止；习性 n. 荫；阴凉处vt. 遮住光线 离开；起程；出发 adj. 值得的；值得做的 n. 巢；窝 n. 联系；关系；结合；纽带 vt. 观察；观测；遵守 n. 观察；观测 n. 童年；幼年时代
adj. 直言的；坦诚 vt. & n. 尊敬；尊重；敬意 vt. & vi. 讨论；辩论；争论 n. 争论；争辩；争吵 n. 款待；娱乐；娱乐表演 过着……的生活 n. 人群；观众 vt. 挤满；使拥挤 （想法、问题等）涌上心头；涌入脑海vt. 鼓舞；激发；启示 n. 灵感；鼓舞 n. & vt. 支持；拥护 蔑视；瞧不起 vi. 谈到；查阅；参考 查阅；参考；谈到 n. 观众；听众；读者 碰巧；凑巧（偶然）遇见；碰见 n. 事业；生涯 n. 比率；速度 n. 疾病；恶心 vt. 计划；打算 n. 突发事件；紧急情况 n. 一代；一辈 n. 决心；果断 n. 仁慈；好意 adj. 考虑周到的 n. 考虑；体谅 vt. 递送；生（小孩儿）；接生； 发表（演说等） 继续；坚持 adj. 谦虚的；谦让的；适度的
高中英语动名词知识点
The Gerund Seeing (see) is believing. Having solved (solve) this difficult question made her very happy. Being invited (invite) to the party is a great honor. Having been defeated (defeat) by such a weak team made the players very upset. 1. 定义： 动名词是英语动词的一种非谓语形式。动名词的构成：动词加上ing 构成。顾名思义，动名词有双重功能。它既有名词的特点---可作句子的主语，动词和介词的宾语；也有动词的特点---可以有自己的宾语和状语。 First, exchange a “Hello” or “Hi” with the foreigner, but at the same time, pay close attention and see if he feels like chatting. That’s the cue for you to stop moving on. Making small talk can be one of life’s pleasures. 2. 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语。 1) 作主语 ①直接位于句首做主语。 . _____D_____ clean is a safeguard against disease. A. To be keeping B. Kept C. Keep D. Keeping 读书是一种艺术。 Reading is an art. 爬山是真有趣。 Climbing mountains is really fun . ②动名词作主语，除了放在句首，有时先用it作形式主语，把动名词置于 句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。如： It is no use/no good crying over spilt milk. 洒掉的牛奶哭也没用。 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入真是浪费时间。 It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 注：动名词作主语与动词不定式作主语的比较 动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作，不定式多用来表示特指或具体动作。比较： Smoking is not good for health. It is not good for you to smoke so much.
(完整版)高中英语语法知识思维导图
什么是语法？ +表语 +宾语 +间接宾语+直接宾语 +宾语+宾语补足语 to/-ing s not
一般现在时vs.一般过去时
一般将来时 将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的 动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经 常或者重复发生的动作，常与表示 将来的时间副词连用，例如：soon, next week, this afternoon, tomorrow We will graduate next year. 我们明年毕业。
进行时(1) (V+ing) 现在分词(V+ing) 现在分词(V+ing)?
进行时(2)
完成时(1) Part1 完成时的句型构成 1-1 陈述句型：S+has/have+过去分词(p.p.) I have already finished my homework.(我已经完成了我的作业) 1-2 否定句型：S+has/have+not+过去分词(p.p.) Sandy has been a nurse in this hospital for 15 years.(珊蒂已经在这家医院担任护士长达15年了。) 1-3 疑问句型：Has/Have+s+过去分词(p.p.)? Have you ever seen Peter in past 3 months?(过去3个月内，你看见过彼吗？) 2-1 陈述句型：S+had+过去分词(p.p.) This proposal had been deliverde by Eva before Aaron finished it. (这个计划在艾伦完成以前，伊娃就已经提交出去了) 2-2 否定句型：S+had+not+过去分词(p.p.) I had not finished my work when he visited me last week.(上周他来拜访我以前，我还没有完成工作。) 2-3 疑问句型：Had+s+过去分词(p.p.)? Had you ever been to a blind date before you married?(你结婚以前曾经参加相亲吗？) 3-1 陈述句型：S+shall/will+have+过去分词(p.p.) They wll have finished the meeting by now. (他们现在应该已经开完会了) 3-2 否定句型：S+shall/will+have+not+过去分词(p.p.) We will have not made 10 apple pies by the end of today.(我们在今天结束之前不能做完10个苹果派。) 3-3 疑问句型： Shall/Will+ s+have+过去分词(p.p.)? Will they have already left by the time we get there?(我们到的时候，他们会不会已经离开了？ )
新课标备战年高中英语语法系统全解动词的ing形式教案
第6章动词的-ing形式 动词的-ing形式包括传统语法的“动名词”（gerund）和“现在分词”（present participle）两个部分。动词的-ing形式具有动词的特征，同时又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此它可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语和状语。 一、动词-ing形式的特征和种类 与动词不定式一样，动词的-ing形式也具有动词的特征，有时态和语态的变化，并可带状语、宾语等。 A.动词-ing形式的一般式 1. 动词-ing形式的一般式可用来泛指一个动作，没有特别的时间意义。 Swimming is her favorite sport. 游泳是她最喜欢的体育运动。 Learning is important to modern life. 学习对现代生活很重要。 2. 动词-ing形式的一般式可用来表示和谓语动词同时发生的动作。 They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. 他们有说有笑地走出教室。 She listened carefully to her neighbours speaking. 她倾听她邻居的讲话。 3. 动词-ing形式的一般式有时也可表示在谓语动词的动作之前或之后发生的动作。 I remembered sending him an e-mail last week. 我记得上星期给他发过一份电子邮件。
He suggested taking my daughter to the zoo the next Sunday. 他建议下个星期天带我女儿去动物园。 B. 动词-ing形式的完成式 动词的-ing形式的完成式表示一个已完成的动作，这个动作发生或完成在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well. 在这个城市生活了3年，她对这里已很熟悉。 I really regretted having missed such an exciting lecture. 错过了这么振奋人心的演讲，我真的很遗憾。 注意： 在现代英语中，作宾语的-ing形式的完成式可用一般式来代替。 I really regretted missing such an exciting lecture. 错过了这么振奋人心的演讲，我真的很遗憾。(=I really regretted having missed such an exciting lecture.) We remembered seeing the film. 我们记得看过这部电影。(=We remembered having seen the film. ) C. 动词-ing形式的被动形式 动词的-ing形式的被动形式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing形式表示的动作的承受者。 1．一般式的被动形式 The question being discussed is very important. 正在讨论的问
XX高中英语语法大全动名词
XX高中英语语法大全动名词 出guo高考频道在考试后及时公布各科高考试题答案和高考作文及试卷专家点评，请广大考生家长关注。时光飞逝，暑假过去了，新学期开始了，不管情愿与否，无论准备与否，我们已走进高三，走近我们的梦!祝愿决战xx高考的新高三学员能倍加努力，在xx年高考中也能取得优异的成绩。动名词 一、动名词作主语 1. 一般置于句首： Reading English is easier than speaking it. 2. 有时也可以用it作形式主语，而把动名词放在谓语动词之后。 It will be nice seeing them again. 这类句子结构常见的还有： 1) It’s no use…;It is no use crying over spilt milk. 2) It's no good…;It is no good feeling self——satisfied over your first suess. 3) Is it any good…? Is it any good trying to exp1ain? 4) It's a waste of time…;It's a waste of time arguing about it. 3. 动名词还可以在There is no?句子结构中做主语： There is no asking him to e now.He is busy. 这种句子中的动名词常带有宾语，其句型含义相当于It is impossible to do? 二、动名词作表语 连系动词常与动名词连用，一起构成复合谓语：
外研版高中英语必修4_单词表
外研版高中英语必修4 单词表 M1 brick n. 砖 concrete n. 混凝土 mud n. 泥 alternative adj. 替换的；供选择的crime n. 罪；罪行 for sure 肯定地 prediction n. 预测 risky adj. 危险的；冒险的 resource n.（常作复数）资源 run out （某物）用完；不多了；没有了material n. 材料 rely vi. 依赖；依靠 rely on 依靠 solar adj. 太阳的urban adj. 都市的；城市的get rid of 除掉；处理掉load vt. 装；装载 landfill n. 垃圾填埋地arrest vt. 逮捕；拘留criminal n. 罪犯；犯人fire vt. 开火；启动 limit n. （常作复数）范围outdoors adv. 户外 online adv. 联机地catalogue n. 目录command n. 命令；指令place order 订购recreation n. 娱乐；消遣bowling n. 保龄球游戏softball n. 垒球（运动）
charge n. 费用；价钱 free of charge 免费 power vt. 供给动力 flick n. 轻打；轻弹 switch n. 开关vi. 交换；调换surgery n. 外科手术 telesurgery n. 远距离手术outpatient n. 门诊病人 clinic n. 诊所 disability n. 失去能力；伤残attach vt. 系；贴；连接spaceport n. 宇航基地 use up 用完 look out 小心；当心 optimistic adj. 乐观的；乐观主义SHB4 M2 trolleybus n. 电车 be connected to 与……相连wire n. 电线 suburban adj. 郊区的；市郊的be / get stuck in 被困在……in no time 马上；一会儿display vt. 展示；陈列 cab n. 出租汽车；计程车permit n. 执照；许可证 receipt n. 收据 get around 到处旅行；四处走动fare n. 车费 air-conditioned adj. 带空调的limit vt. 限制 destination n. 目的地；终点
高中英语-动名词与现在分词用法的区别必修4
动词的-ing形式按功能可分为动名词和现在分词。动词的-ing形式何时为动名词，何时为现在分词。首先，我们要从概念上区分。动词的-ing形式在起名词作用时，称为动名词；用作形容词或副词时，称为现在分词。其次，我们要从用法方面区分动词的-ing形式是动名词还是现在分词。 一、动词的-ing形式用作主语时为动名词，现在分词不可以用作主语。 1．动名词用作主语. Reading French is easier than speaking it. 阅读法文比讲法语容易。 Talking to him is talking to a wall. 和他说话等于对牛弹琴。 2．有时it作形式主语，把动名词主语放在句子后面 It’s nice seeing you again. 再次见到你太好了。 It was tiring driving from morning till night. 从早到晚开车很累人。 3. “There is + no”后可以用动名词作主语 There was no knowing what he could do. 他能做什么很难说。There was no arguing with her. 没法和她争论。 二、动词的-ing形式用作宾语时为动名词，现在分词不可以用作宾语。 1．有许多动词可接动名词作宾语 I suggested bringing the meeting to an end. 我建议结束会议。 So you prefer living abroad? 这样说你更愿意住在国外？ 2．有许多带介词的动词固定搭配接动名词作宾语 He has given up playing football. 他现在不踢足球了。Prices keep on increasing. 价格不断上涨。 三、当动词的-ing形式用作状语时为现在分词，动名词不可以用作状语。 现在分词及其短语可以用作状语，表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。其动作可能发生在谓语之前或之后，也可能与谓语动词的动作同时发生。 Climbing to the top of the tower, we saw a magnificent view. 我们爬到塔顶后，看到了一片壮丽的景象。（表时间） Living in the country, we had few social engagements. 我们住在乡下，交际的机会很少。（表原因） Having money, he will buy a bigger car.（表条件） Knowing the secret, she would not tell me about it..（表让步） The child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it. 那孩子跌倒了，头碰在门上碰破了.（表结果） He stood leaning against the wall. 他靠墙站着.（表方式或伴随情况） 四、动名词与现在分词都可以用作表语，当动词的-ing的作用相当于名词时为动名词。当动词的-ing的作用相当于形容词时，动词的-ing为现在分词。 1．动名词用作表语 Her hobby is painting. 她的爱好是绘画。Her job was tending the sheep. 她的工作是放羊。 2．现在分词用作表语
高中英语语法：不定式和现在分词
高中英语语法：不定式和现在分词 一、不定式(to do的构成 1. 不定式的构成 不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成,在某些情况下to也可省略。不定式一般有时式和语态的变化,通常有下表中的几种形式(以do为例: 主动式 被动式 一般式 to do to be done 完成式 to have done to have been done 进行式 to be doing / 完成进行式 to have been doing /
1 不定式的一般式 不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生,或是在它之后发生。如: They invited us to go there this summer. 他们邀请我们今年夏天去那儿。He stood aside for me to pass. 他站到一边让我通过。 2 不定式的完成式 不定式的完成式所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之后发生,它在句中可作表语、状语、宾语,有时也可作主语、定语等。如: She seemed to have heard about this matter. 她似乎已听说过这件事。 I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 我很抱歉让你等了这么久。 I meant to have told you about it, but I happened to have an important thing to do. 我本来想告诉你这件事的,但我碰巧有一件重要的事要做。 It has been an honor for me to have traveled so much in your country. 对我来说,在你们国家旅行这么多地方是一件很荣幸的事情。 3 不定式的进行式 不定式的进行式表示正在进行的与谓语动词同时发生的动作。它在句中可以用作除谓语以外的所有成分。如: It’s nice of you to be helping us these days. 你真好,这些天一直帮我们。 He pretended to be listening to the teacher carefully. 他假装在认真地 听老师讲课。
精选高中英语语法归纳总结
高中英语语法总结 第一章主谓一致 (一) 语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项: 1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(像), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数. 如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质. No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。 2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如: The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人) A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物) 用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。 3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如: Serving the people is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我最大的幸福. When we’ll go o ut for an outing has been decided. 我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。 4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数. Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳. No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席. Each man and (each) woman is asked to help. 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙。 5. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如:Each of us has something to say. 我们每个人都有话要说。 6. 若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数。但more+复数名词+than one做主语时, 谓语动词仍用复数. 如: Many a boy likes playing basketball. 许多男生都喜欢打篮球. More than one student was late. 不只一个学生迟到 More persons than one come to help us. 不止一个人来帮助我们。 7. none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数, 也可用复数; 但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数. 如: None of us are (is) perfect. 人无完人。 None of this worries me. 这事一点不使我着急。 8. 名词如: trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主语时, 谓语动词必须用复数. 如: His clothes are good. 但这些名词前若出现a pair of , 谓语一般用单数.如: A pair of glasses is on the desk. 桌上有一副眼镜。 9. 形复意单名词如:news ; 以ics 结尾的学科名称如: physics, mathematics, economics; 国名如: the United States; 报纸名如: the New Times; 书名如: Arabian Night <天方夜谈>; 以及The United Nations<联合国> 等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。 10. “a +名词+and a half “, “one and a half + 名词”, “the number of + 名词”等作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数. 如: Only one and a half apples is left on the table.
高中英语语法(动名词)
Uinit 10 动名词的用法 动名词是名词化的了动词，它可以有自己的逻辑主语, 从而构成动名词的复合结构。动名词所带的逻辑主语通常是形容词性物主代词、宾格代词、名词所有格或普通格。 1.动名词复合结构的形式 其形式有如下两种： I insist on Mary’s going there. 我坚持要玛丽到那儿去。 I have not heard of your being ill. 我没听说你病了。 1. Usually at the beginning of school, the noise of desks being opened and closed, and lessons repeated at the top of the children’s voices could be heard out in the street. 2. In fact, I think it’s very much nicer without him, if you don’t mind me saying so. ※注意： 在上述例句中，动名词前的逻辑主语与句子主语不同。如果主语相同，则不用逻辑主语，只用动名词。试比较： I must apologize for not letting you know ahead of time. (NMET’94) ※在确定逻辑主语的格的形式时须注意以下几点： 1）动名词复合结构作主语和表语时一般用名词所有格或物主代词。例如： Nixon’s visiting China marked a new era between U.S. and China diplomatic relations. 尼克松访问中国标志着中美外交关系进入一个新的时代。 The main trouble is their not having enough money. 主要问题是他们没有足够的钱。 2）在口语和非正式语体中，只要不是作主语，动名词复合结构中的逻辑主语常采用名词通格或人称代词宾格。例如： The doctor does not mind me /my eating a little meat occasionally.大夫并不反对我偶尔吃一点肉。
(完整版)高中英语语法主谓宾定状补表
英语中句子成分有主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补助语、主语补足语表语、定语和状语。 主语表示句子所说的是“谁”或“什么事物”，由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当。Two students meet for the first time at the beginning of term. 两个学生在学期开始时初次见面。 谓语说明主语“做什么”，“是什么”或者“怎么样”。 Mr Zhu is showing the students of Class 4 the chemistry lab. 朱先生正带领4班学生参观化学实验室。 宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当，和及物动词一起构成谓语，说明主语做什么。 Finally, turn off the lights and lock the door.最后，关上灯，锁好门。 宾语补助语放在宾语后面补充说明宾语，常由不定式或形容词充当。 She told us to follow her instructions. 她吩咐我们听她的指示。 定语用来修饰名词或代词，常放在名词前面，也可以放在后面（叫后置定语）。由形容词、代词或相当于形容词的词或短语充当。Your teacher will read out some sentences. 你们的老师将读出一些句子。 状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等，常由副词、介词短语或相当于副词的词或短语等来表示，放在句末。 They plant trees in order to keep the soil on the hills. 他们种树以便把土壤保持在山上。 表语说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。Jackie and Yang Pei are both students in Australia. 杰基和杨培都是在澳大利亚的学生。 一个句子必须有主语和谓语。很多时候，主语和谓语不是一个词，而是由几个部分构成，我们称之为主语部分和谓语部分。严格地说，主语是主语部分里主要的词 A new computer has been brought by the CAAC. 一台新的电脑以经被中国民航买了；谓语是谓语部分里主要的词They have put up a new notice. 他们已经挂起了一块新的通知。在主语部分里常有定语；在谓语部分中常有宾语、宾补和状语；有的在宾语和表语前还有定语。表语是放在联系动词后表示状态或变化的句子成分。 例1 My new pen has been broken already. 例2 They have written a great many letters with the computer. 他们已经用电脑写了很多信。 例3 This is my sister’s book. 这是我姐姐的书。 动词是表示动作或状态的词，谓语必须由动词充当；是最重要的词，因为每个句子必须有动词做谓语。动词分为行为动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词，都非常重要。行为动词分为及物动词和不及物动词，由此构成五种基本句型： 1）主+不及物动词；2）主+及物动词+宾语； 3）主+及物动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（物） 4）主+及物动词+宾语+宾语补助语（常由不定式充当，有几个谓语动词see; feel; watch; make; let; have 等词后面的宾补要省to）； 5）主语+连系动词+表语。 在分析句子成分时，要分清楚主要成分和次要成分, 在以上句型中主语、谓语、宾语、宾补和表语是主要成分; 定语、状语是可以省略的次要成分。主谓宾定状补,主干枝叶分清楚. 以上五种句型不包含次要成分：定语和状语。注意： 1）主语和宾语由名词充当；修饰名词的句子成分叫定语，常由形容词充当，常放在名词前，因此在主语和宾语前常有定语。
高中英语必修4单词表(全)
必修4 Unit 1 achievement n. 成就；功绩 △Joan of Arc 圣女贞德 （法国民族女英雄）△Elizabeth Fry 伊丽莎白?弗赖伊 （英国慈善家） △Quaker n. 教友派信徒；贵格会会员 welfare n. 福利；福利事业project n. 项目；工程；规划institute n. 学会；学院；协会△China Welfare Institute 中国福利基金会 specialist n. 专家；专业工作者△specialize vi. 专攻；专门从事；专注于 △Jane Goodall 简?古道尔 (英国动物学家)△chimp n. （非洲）黑猩猩connection n. 连接；关系human being 人类 △Jody Williams 乔迪?威廉斯 （美国诺贝尔和平奖得者） campaign n. 运动；战役 vi. 作战；参加运动 △landmine n. 地雷organization n. 组织；机构；团体 △Gombe National Park 贡贝国家公园 (位于坦桑尼亚) behave vt. & vi. 举动；（举止或行为）表现 behaviour (=behavior) 行为；举止；习性 shade n. 荫；阴凉处 vt. 遮住光线 move off 离开；起程；出发worthwhile adj. 值得的；值得做的
nest n. 巢；窝 bond n. 联系；关系；结合；纽带observe vt. 观察；观测；遵守 observation n. 观察；观测childhood n. 童年；幼年时代outspoken adj. 直言的；坦诚respect vt. & n. 尊敬；尊重；敬意 argue vt. & vi. 讨论；辩论；争论 argument n. 争论；争辩；争吵entertainment n. 款待；娱乐；娱乐表演 lead a … life 过着……的生活crowd n. 人群；观众 vt. 挤满；使拥挤 crowd in （想法、问题等）涌上心头；涌入脑海 inspire vt. 鼓舞；激发；启示△inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞support n. & vt. 支持；拥护look down upon/on 蔑视；瞧不起refer vi. 谈到；查阅；参考 refer to 查阅；参考；谈到audience n. 观众；听众；读者 by chance 碰巧；凑巧 come across （偶然）遇见；碰见△career n. 事业；生涯 rate n. 比率；速度 sickness n. 疾病；恶心 intend vt. 计划；打算emergency n. 突发事件；紧急情况generation n. 一代；一辈 △determination n. 决心；果断kindness n. 仁慈；好意considerate adj. 考虑周到的 consideration n. 考虑；体谅deliver vt. 递送；生（小孩儿）；接生； 发表（演说等） carry on 继续；坚持 modest adj. 谦虚的；谦让的；适度的 Unit 2