电工电子试题及答案

电工电子试题及答案
电工电子试题及答案

电工电子试题及答案

3、符合“与”逻辑关系的表达式是( )

A、1?0,1

B、1?0,0

C、1?0,10

D、1?1=0 4、下列电路元件中,储存电场能量

的元件是( ),储存磁场能量的元件是( )

A、电阻器

B、电感器

C、电容器

D、二极管 5、接触器在控制电路中的文字

符号是( )

A、 FR

B、KM

C、FU

D、SB

6、交流电流表测量的数值是交流电流的( )

A、有效值

B、最大值

C、瞬时值

D、无法确定 7、保护接零是将设备金属外

壳或构架与做良好连接( )

A、接地装置

B、电网零线

C、任意电源线

8、理想集成运放的开环放大倍数A为( ) u0

A、0

B、?

C、不定

9、在电路中能起到短路保护、失压保护和过载保护的电器是( ) A、接触器

B、熔断器

C、热继电器

D、断路器

10、熔断器主要用作三相异步电动机的( )

A、过压保护

B、过载保护

C、短路保护

D、欠压保护 11、梯形图的顺序执行

的原则是( )。

A、从左到右,从上到下

B、从右到左,从上到下

C、从左到右,从下到上

D、从右到左,从下到上

四、简答题(每小题5分,共15分)

1、电动机旋转磁场的旋转方向由什么决定,怎样改变旋转磁场的旋转方向,

2、共射极放大电路电压输出波形出现正半周顶部失真是什么原因造成的,如何消除,

3、接触器由哪些主要部分构成,其辅助常开和常闭触点通常在控制电路中起何作用,

五、计算与分析设计题(共15分)

1、下图中,已知Us1=Us2=3V,Us3=9V,R1=R2=R3=3Ω,R=1Ω。用电源的等效

变换求流过电阻R的电流I。(5分)

2、请设计三相鼠笼式异步电动机直接起停控制系统。要求具有起动(连续运行)、停车和过载保护FR功能。(本题10分)

(1)绘出系统的PLC系统接线图。请注明每个电器的用途;

administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment.

(5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its

alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for

steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification

for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-98 compressor, fan

(2)绘出对应的梯形图程序。

B

1、三极管的三个极分别是、、。

2、在电路中,如果I>0,说明电流的实

际方向与参考方向。 3、正弦交流电的三要素是指、和。 4、(19) =( ) =( ) 10216

5、在R、L、C串联电路中,当XL>XC时,电路呈性,当X

性。 LC

6、火线与火线之间的电压叫作电压,火线与零线之间的电压叫作电压。

7、对称三相负载作?型接法接在380V的三相四线制电源上。此时负载端的线电压等于

倍的相电压,线电流等于倍的相电流。

8、电动机降压启动常用的两种方法是启动和启动。 9、电压表测量电压应

接在待测元件两端,电流表测量电流应接在待测支路中。 10、低压断路器在电路

中可起保护、保护、和失压保护作用。 11、根据转子结构的不同,三相异步电动机分有式和式两类。 12、某一感性负载,接在f=50Hz的交流电源上,已知U=100V,I=10A,P=600W,则负载电阻R= Ω,电感L= H。

1、电路中某两点的电位都很高,则它们之间的电压必定很大。 ( )

2、电容元件的正弦交流电路中,消耗的有功功率等于零。 ( )

3、因为正弦量可以用相量来表示,所以说相量就是正弦量。 ( ) 、理想集成运放的开环电压放大倍数、输入电阻无穷大,输出电阻为零。 ( ) 4

5、三相Y接法负载对称时,无论有无中线,总有。 ( ) U,3UlP

6、现有四个停止按钮,欲使它们都能控制接触器 KM 断电,则它们的常闭触点应并联接到KM的线圈电路中。 ( )

7、二极管两端加上正向电压就一定会导通。 ( ) 8、PLC的输出形式只有继电器输出方式。 ( ) 9、低压配电系统常用的电压等级是380/220V;36V以下称为安全电压。 ( ) 10、变压器不仅可以变换交流电压,还可以变换直流电压。 ( )

1、频率变化时不影响其阻抗值的理想元件是( )

A、电阻

B、电感

C、电容

2、额定值“220V、100W”和“220V、25W”的白炽灯两盏,把它们串联以后接入220V的工频交流电源上,其亮度情况是( )

A、100W的灯泡较亮

B、25W的灯泡较亮

C、两只灯泡一样亮

D、无法确定

3、符合“或”逻辑关系的表达式是( )

A、1,1,2

B、1,1,0

C、1,1,10

D、1+1=1 4、下列电路元件中,储存电场能量的元件是( ),储存磁场能量的元件是( )

A、电阻器

B、电感器

C、电容器

D、二极管

5、热继电器器在控制电路中的文字符号是( )

A、SB

B、KM

C、FU

D、FR

6、交流电流表测量的数值是交流电流的( )

administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment.

(5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its

alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for

steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification

for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-98 compressor, fan

A、有效值

B、最大值

C、瞬时值

D、无法确定 7、保护接地是将设备金属外壳或构架与做良好连接( )

A、接地装置

B、电网零线

C、任意电源线

8、电气图形文字符号表示( )

A、电压继电器线圈

B、继电器线圈

C、热继电器线圈

D、接触器线圈 9、用来表明各种电气元件在机械设备和电气控制柜中的实际安装位置的是( ) A、电气原理图 B、电器元件布置图 C、电器安装接线图 10、熔断器主要用作三相异步电动机的( )。

A、欠压保护

B、过载保护

C、过压保护

D、短路保护 11、数控系统中,主轴起/停、换刀、冷却液开/关等辅助功能由( )实现 A、输入/输出装置 B、数控装置C、可编程逻辑控制器 1、电动机旋转磁场的旋转方向由什么决定,怎样改变旋转磁场的旋转方向, 2、共射极放大电路电压输出波形出现负半周底部失真是什么原因造成的,如何消除, 3、在电动机的主电路中,既然装有熔断器,为什么还要装热继电器,各起什么作用, 1、如图所示电路,已知U,3V,I,2A,求U和I。(5分) SSAB

2Ω A Is I , 1Ω US , B

2、请设计三相鼠笼式异步电动机直接起停控制系统。要求具有起动(连续运行)、停车和过载保护FR功能。(本题10分)

(1)绘出系统的PLC系统接线图。请注明每个电器的用途;

(2)绘出对应的梯形图程序。

administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment.

(5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its

alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for

steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification

for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment

installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-98 compressor, fan

A卷

一、填空题(1*26=26分)

1(基极、发射极、集电极

2(相反

3(141、100、50、35

4(10010、12

o o5(相同、90、90

(W、Var、V?A 6

37(、1

8(反接、能耗、回馈(任选两种)

9(输入采样(或输入刷新)、程序执行、输出刷新

10( 过载

11( 6、0.025

2*10=20分) 二、判断题(

1.×

2.?

3.×

4.×

5.?

6.?

7.×

8.×

9.? 10.×

三、选择题

1.C

2.A

3.B

4.C、B

5.B

6.A

7.B

8.B

9. D 10.C 11.A

四、简答题

1(电动机旋转磁场的旋转方向由电源的相序决定。 (2分)

改变三根电源线的任意两根即可改变旋转磁场的旋转方向。(3分) 2(是由于放大电路静态工作点设置过低造成的。(2分)

可通过增大基极电流的方法消除。(3分)

3(接触器主要由电磁系统、触头系统、和灭弧装置组成。(2分)

其辅助常开触点常用于自锁控制回路,常闭触点常用于互锁控制回路。(3

分)

五、计算与分析设计题

1(先将电源等效变换成右图形式,

administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment.

(5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its

alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for

steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel

pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification

for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-98 compressor, fan

算得Is=5A,Rs=1Ω,

又R=1Ω,R上的电流I的实际方向为向下,与图示参考方向为非关联参考方

故I=,5/2=2.5A

2.设SB0为停止按钮,SB1为启动按钮,FR为热继电器开关,KM为电动机接触器线圈,则PLC的接线图如图一:

(8分)

图1 PLC接线图

PLC的梯形图如图2

(7分)

图2 PLC梯形图

其他各种表示方法请自行斟酌。

B卷

1(基极、发射极、集电极

2(相同

3(振幅(最大值)、角频率(频率)、初相位

4(10011、13

5(感、容

6(线、相

37(1、

8(定子电路串电阻降压、Y-?降压,

9(并、串

10(短路、过载、欠压

11(绕线、鼠笼

12(6、0.025

administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment.

(5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction

standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its

alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for

steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification

for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-98 compressor, fan

二、1.× 2.? 3.× 4.? 5. × 6. × 7.× 8.× 9.? 10.× 三、1.A 2.B

3.D

4.C、B

5.D

6.A

7.A

8.D

9. B 10.D 11.C

四、

1(电动机旋转磁场的旋转方向由电源的相序决定。 (2分)

改变三根电源线的任意两根即可改变旋转磁场的旋转方向。(3分) 2(是由于放大电路静态工作点设置过高造成的。(2分)

可通过减小基极电流的方法消除。(3分)

3(当电动机处于长时间过载运行状态下时,因电路电流未达到短路电流限值,熔断器不会熔断,但电动机的电流超过其额定值,将引起电动机发热,绕组温升超过额定温升,将损坏绕组的绝缘,缩短电动机的使用寿命,严重时甚至会烧毁电动机。因此必须采取过载保护措施。(3分)

热继电器起过载保护作用,而熔断器起短路保护作用。(2分) 五、

2Ω 1(设1Ω电阻上的电流如图所示 C A 则I=Us/1=3/1=3A 1Is I I 对结点C,有KCL定理11Ω , USI=Is+I=2+3=5A 1, B 对左边回路,假定顺时针方向为电压降,

由KVL定理

-U + 2×Is - Us = 0 AB

U=2×Is - Us =2×2-3 = 1V AB

2.设SB0为停止按钮,SB1为启动按钮,FR为热继电器开关,KM为电动机接触器线圈,则PLC的接线图如图一:

(7分)

图1 PLC接线图

PLC的梯形图如图2

administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment.

(5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its

alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for

steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification

for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-98 compressor, fan

(8分)

图2 PLC梯形图

其他各种表示方法请自行斟酌。

administrative leadership of the criticism, resulting in serious consequences, the pursuit of leadership, along with 500-1000 punishment.

(5) significant near miss should be attempted as the case of responsible for the accident and construction team injuries accident penalty provisions, mutatis mutandis. Eight, should perform in the construction standards and specifications, serial number a 1 GB3323-2005 steel fusion welded butt joints, welding engineering-Ray lighting and quality rating of 2 GB11345-89 steel welds manual methods of ultrasonic inspection and testing results for grade 3 GB50236-2002 industrial pipe welding engineering code for construction and acceptance of field equipment 4 HGJ222-92 technical specification for welding of aluminium and its

alloys 5 low temperature steel welding procedure 6 SH3525-2004 petrochemical JB/ T4708-2000 of welding procedure qualification for

steel pressure vessels 7 JB/4709-2000 8 JB4730-2005 pressure vessel welding procedures of steel pressure vessel NDT 9 JB/T4744-2000 steel pressure vessel products mechanical properties test of welded plate II, mechanical equipment installation engineering 1 GB150-98 2 GB50128-2005 vertical cylindrical steel pressure vessel steel welded specification

for construction and acceptance of oil tank 3 JB/ T4735-1997 steel welded atmospheric pressure vessel 4 GB50231-2009 mechanical equipment installation engineering construction and acceptance specification for 5 GB50275-98 compressor, fan

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