英语“三单形式”详解
第三人称单数
第三人称单数是英语中的一种语法，也称“三单”或“xx”，用于一般现在时的句子，当动词在第三人称单数后时【she、he 、it、不可数名词和人名（一个人的）】，要根据其情况变化。
首先，要搞清楚
一、
二、第三人称各是什么。就是“我”和“我们”。是“你”和“你们”。单数是“他”、“她”和“它”，复数则是“他们”。
2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的动词，要先将“y”变为“i”然后再加“es”读/z/。如study→studies /z/ ; fly→flies /z/
3、以“s、x、ch、sh”结尾的动词在词尾加“es”发音为/ iz / 。如
teach→teaches /iz/ ; watch→watches /iz/
4、以“o”结尾的动词,在词尾加“es”。常出现的两个以“o”结尾的动词go和do后加“es”读/z/ 。如go→goes /z/ ; do→does /z/
5、记住最为特别的be的三单is ，have的三单是has。
[注意]a、下面两个动词变三单时，原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化，要记忆。如do/du:/ →does/d?z/ ; say/sei/ → says /sez/ 。
b、以不发音字母“e”结尾的词，如果尾音是[s][z]时加“s”后字母“e”发音与所加“s” 一起读做[iz]。如：close→closes [iz]。在中文中第三人称单数的三个“他”写法不一样，读音却相同。但在英语中，三个“他”既有不同的读音，也有不同的写法，分别是he, she, it。在第三人称后不能使用的原形，而要在相应的动词后加s或es。
简单地讲，一个人就是，多于一个人就是。在咱们汉语里，第三人称复数也就是常说的“他们”或者“她们”，英语中就是they.
而“第三人称单数”就是指的“他”或者“她”，在英语中，相对应的就是he或者she
句子举例：第三人称单数：He is a student. （他是学生）
第三人称复数：They are students.（他们是学生）
以上只是一种帮助你理解的简单回答，第三人称还包括一些其他的方面，比如“it”等，这里就不多说了，希望你在学习中多多体会。
在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，动词要用第三人称单数形式，即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。
下面归纳一下第三人称单数的用法：
一、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如：
He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。
She has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。
It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫。
二、单个人名、地名或称呼作；是第三人称单数。如：
①Han Mei looks like her mother. xx看起来像她的母亲。
②Beijing is in China. xx在xx。
③Uncle Wang often makes cakes. xx叔叔经常做蛋糕。
三、单数可数名词或"this/that/the+单数可数名词"作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：
①A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。
②This book is yours. 这本书是你的。
③That car is red. 那辆小汽车是红色的。
④The cat is Lucy's. 这只猫是露xx的。
四、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this, that作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：
①Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。
②There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。
③This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。
④That is an eraser. 那是一块橡皮擦。
五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如：
①The milk is in th e glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。
②The bread is very small. 那面包很小。
六、当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。如：
②"I" is a letter. "I"是个字母。[1]
附：最新国际音标
英语音标一共有48个，其中元音有20个，辅音有28个。
元音（20个）
长元音/ɑ:/ /?:/ / ?:/ /i:/ /U:/
短元音/ ?/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /e/ /?/
双元音/e?/ /??/ /a?/ /a?/ /??/ /??/ /e?/ /??/
辅音（28个）
清辅音/p/ /t/ / k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /?/ / h/ /ts/ /t?/ /tr/
浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /e/ /z/ /?/ /d?/ /dz/ /dr/ / r/
鼻音/m/ /n/ /?/
半元音/j/ / w/ 边音/?/
动词ing和三单形式的变化规则
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新概念英语第三册课文及详解第课
Lesson 1 A puma at large Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar. The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw 'a large cat' only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes. Several people complained of 'cat-like noises' at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree. The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from? As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside. Language points Pay attention: The points below are not covered by the mp3. It is better for you to listen to the mp3 first and try to take notes by yourselves. 1，a puma at large at large 1：逃遁的，没有被控制的。
五年级英语下册第三单元第三课时公开课教案
Unit 3 My school calendar PA Let’s spell 教案 【教学目标】 1、知识目标： （1）理解字母组合ch和sh在单词中的发音规则，即ch和sh在单词中发/ t∫/和/∫/的情况。通过朗读单词China, chicken, lunch, teacher, sheep, fish, shirt, short, 给单词分类，强化记忆ch和sh的发音规则，学习和掌握ch和sh的音与形的对应关系。 （2）通过选择单词、书写句子并说出句子的活动，发现发音规则，并完成句子抄写的任务，进一步巩固英文句子的书写规范。 ( 3 ) 能够通过发音规则，拼写出符合ch和sh发音规则的单词，做到书写规范正确。 2、技能目标： （1）在学习字母组合ch和sh的发音规则的过程中，学习语音知识和方法，通过观察、感知、体验归纳出ch和sh在单词中的发音规律。 （2）能够感受Let’s chant的韵律，并流畅说唱。 3、情感目标： （1）激发学生探索英语语音知识的规律，感知英语中字母组合的发音及拼读规律。 （2）感受语音说唱的节奏感。 【教学重点】 1、句型：The teacher is nice. The chicken is cheap. The fish is fresh. The short is cheap. 2、词汇：China, chicken, lunch, teacher, sheep, fish, shirt, short. 【教学难点】 1、理解字母组合ch和sh在单词中的发音规则，即ch和sh在单词中发/ t∫/和/∫/的情况。通过朗读单词China, chicken, lunch, teacher, sheep, fish, shirt, short,给单词分类。 2、通过选择单词、书写句子并说出句子的活动，发现发音规则，并完成句子抄写的任务，进一步巩固英文句子的书写规范。 【教学准备】
动词的三单形式变化规则
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新概念英语第二册第三课讲解
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英语动词第三人称单数形式 的变化规则
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→Does she go home at five every day? --- Yes, she does./No, she doesn’t. 3、对划线部分进行提问（变特殊疑问句）：一般格式为Whxxx + 一般疑问句？ She goes home at five every day. (对划线部分提问) →When/What time does she go home every day? She goes home at five every day. (对划线部分提问) →Who goes home at five every day? She goes home at five every day. (对划线部分提问) →What does she do at five every day? 哪些主语是第三人称单数？ 1、人称代词he, she, it； 如：He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。 She has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。 It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫。 2、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。如： Han Mei looks like her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲。 Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。 Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。 3、单数可数名词或this / that / the + 单数可数名词作主语时，是第三人称单数； A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。 This book is yours. 这本书是你的。 That car is red. 那辆小汽车是红色的。 The cat is Lucy's. 只猫是露茜的。 4、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this, that 作主语时，是第三人称单数。如： Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。 There is something wrong with the watch. 这块手表有毛病。 This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。 That is an eraser. 那是一块橡皮擦。 5、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如： The milk is in the glass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。 The bread is very small. 那面包很小。 The water is very cold. 那些水很凉。
动词第三人称单数的变化规则及练习
动词第三人称单数的变化规则及练习 一、使用情况： 在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。(标志词usually often always sometimes never every等) 二、变化规则 1、直接在动词后+s 例如：like- likes play-plays 2、以s, x, sh, ch, 接尾的动词：+es 例如：wash-washes 3、以辅音+o接尾的动词：+es 例如：go-goes 4、以辅音字母+y接尾的动词：变y为i+es 例如：fly-flies 以元音字母+y接尾的动词后+s 例如：play-plays 5、除上述规律外，还应注意下面三点： 1)动词have ，遇到主语是第三人称单数时，要用has；动词be 的第三人称 单数形式是is。 2）含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子变否定句时，要用doesn't + 动词原形，如：He goes to school at six in the morning. (变否定句)→He doesn't go to school at six in the morning. 3)对含有动词第三人称单数形式的句子提问时，要用助动词does 如：She goes home at five every day. (对划线部分提问)→When / What time does she go 注意：不规则变化：have-----has，be-------is，do-----does
I 写出下列动词的第三人称单数(-s)和现在分词(-ing) go do play jump swim run put sing dance come get have fly study read write look drink eat walk like
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一般现在时 动词三单形式变化 1.一般直接在动词后加s ；play--plays 2.以s/x/o/sh/ch 结尾的动词，直接加es ；watch--watches 3.以辅音加y 结尾的动词，变y 为i 再加es ；study--studies 4.特殊变化，have--has (注意：只有当主语是she/he/it/人名单数/名词单数时，动词才要变化 “does ” 一出现，动词就还原。） 1.写出下列动词的三单形式 jump _______ throw _______ kick _______ catch _______ wash _______ go _______ study _______ busy _______ hop _______ run _______ read _______ have_______ 2.请在括号内选择正确的词。 Tom (like/likes) roller skating,but I (like/likes)watching TV. My father (read/reads)books,and I (do/does)my homework. Jack ’s classmates(play/plays)basketball every afternoon. ④Lily ’s sister(draw/draws)picture every day. ⑤Father(buy/buys)me a gift for my birthday. ⑥Jack and I(bounce/bounces)ball every Sunday morning. 3.请用括号内动词的正确形式填空 She_______(cook)everyday ，but doesn ’t_______(wash) everyday. 练 习 四大原则
新概念英语第三册课文及详解第2课
Lesson 2 Thirteen equals one 十三等于一 Our vicar is always raising money for one cause or another, but he has never managed to get enough money to have the church clock repaired. The big clock which used to strike the hours day and night was damaged many years ago and has been silent ever since. One night, however, our vicar woke up with a start: the clock was striking the hours! Looking at his watch, he saw that it was one o'clock, but the bell struck thirteen times before it stopped. Armed with a torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was going on. In the torchlight, he caught sight of a figure whom he immediately recognized as Bill Wilkins, our local grocer. 'Whatever are you doing up here Bill ?' asked the vicar in surprise. ' I'm trying to repair the bell,' answered Bill.' I've been coming up here night after night for weeks now. You see, I was hoping to give you a surprise.' 'You certainly did give me a surprise!' said the vicar. 'You've probably woken up everyone in the village as well. Still, I'm glad the bell is working again.' 'That's the trouble, vicar,' answered Bill. 'It's working all right, but I'm afraid that at one o'clock it will strike thirteen times and there's nothing I can do about it.' 'We'll get used to that, Bill,' said the vicar. 'Thirteen is not as good as one, but it's better than nothing. Now let's go downstairs and have a cup of tea.' Language points Attention: The points here are not covered by the mp3. It is better for you to listen to the mp3 first and try to take notes on your own. 1, Our vicar is always raising money for one cause or another, but he has never managed to get enough money to have the church clock repaired.
新概念英语第三册课文及详解第6课
Smash－and－grab 砸橱窗抢劫 The expensive shops in a famous arcade near Piccadilly were just opening. At this time of the morning, the arcade was almost empty. Mr Taylor, the owner of a jewellery shop was admiring a new window display. Two of his assistants had been working busily since 8 o'clock and had only just finished. Diamond necklaces and rings had been beautifully arranged on a background of black velvet. After gazing at the display for several minutes, Mr Taylor went back into his shop. The silence was suddenly broken when a large car, with its headlights on and its horn blaring, roared down the arcade. It came to a stop outside the jeweler's. One man stayed at the wheel while two others with black stockings over their faces jumped out and smashed the window of the shop with iron bars. While this was going on, Mr Taylor was upstairs. He and his staff began throwing furniture out of the window. Chairs and tables went flying into the arcade. One of the thieves was struck by a heavy statue, but he was too busy helping himself to diamonds to notice any pain. The raid was all over in three minutes, for the men scrambled back into the car and it moved off at a fantastic speed. Just as it was leaving, Mr Taylor rushed out and ran after it throwing ashtrays and vases, but it was impossible to stop the thieves. They had got away with thousands of pounds worth of diamonds. Language points （Attention：The following points are may not covered by the video. It is better for you to watch the video or listen to the MP3 first and try to take notes on your own. Then you may check here to get more details. ） 1, The expensive shops in a famous arcade near Piccadilly were just opening. in a famous arcade near Piccadilly介词短语修饰shops . The shoe shop in my neighborhood was just opening.我家附近的鞋店刚刚开们营业。 2, After gazing at the display for several minutes, Mr. Taylor went back into his shop. after gazing...=after he gazed...
英语动词单三变化规则及名词单数变复数口诀
动词的第三人称单数现在式变化规则： 1）一般由动词原形加-s get-gets play-plays 2）以e结尾的动词，加-s like-likes make-makes 3)以o结尾的动词加-es go-goes do-does 以s, x, ch, sh等字母结尾的动词，后面加-es kiss-kisses fix-fixes teach-teaches fish-fishes 4)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先将y变i, 再加-es fly-flies study-studies 5) have –has 一般现在时 主语+动词原型V I have a friend. You have a friend. We have a friend. They have a friend. 主语（第三人称单数）+动词V（三单） She / He / It has a friend. Tom / My mother has a friend.
名词单数变复数口诀 (一) 规则变化 名词单数变复数，直接加-s 占多数； s, x, z, ch, sh 来结尾，直接加上-es； 词尾是 f 或fe，加-s 之前先变ve； 辅母+ y 在词尾，把y 变i 再加-es； 词尾字母若是o，常用三个已足够， 要加-es 请记好，hero, tomato, potato。 (二) 不规则变化 男人女人 a 变e，鹅足牙oo 变ee； 老鼠虱婆也好记，ous 变ic； 孩子加上ren，鱼鹿绵羊不用变。 This---these(这些) that -- those(那些) 【解说】 1. 英语名词有单数和复数的区别，单数表示“一”，复数表示“多于一。”名词由单数变复数，多数是规则的变，直接加-s，例如：book →books, girl →girls。但以-s, -z, -x, -ch, -sh 结尾的名词，变成复数时加-es, 例如：bus →buses, buzz →buzzes, box →boxes, watch →watch es, brush →brushes 2. -f(e) 结尾的名词单数变复数歌诀：①树叶半数自已黄，妻子拿刀去割粮，架后窜出一只狼，就像强盗逃命忙。②妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌，躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光。例如：leaf (树叶，叶子)，half (一半)，self (自已)，wife (妻子)，knife (刀子)，shelf (架子)，wolf (狼), thief (窃贼，强盗) 和life (生命)，这些名词变成复数时，都要改-f (e) 为v，再加-es。 3. -f 结尾的名词直接加-s 变复数歌诀：海湾边、屋顶上，首领奴仆两相望；谁说他们无信仰，证据写在手帕上。例如：
新概念第二课第三课重点讲解
Lesson 3 Please Send Me a Card 【New words and expressions】生词和短语（11） send v. 寄，送 postcard n. 明信片 spoil v. 使索然无味，损坏 museum n. 博物馆 public adj. 公共的 friendly adj. 友好的 waiter n. 服务员，招待员 lend v. 借给 decision n. 决定 whole adj. 整个的 ★send v. 寄, 送 send a letter 寄信send sth. to sb. /send sb. sth. 给某人送（寄）什么东西 send/take children to school：take强调某人亲自送；send则是通过第三人去送, 如美国的校车take flowers to his wife 自己送 send flowers to his wife 叫店里的人送 ★postcard n. 明信片 两个爆破音在一起，前者失去爆破音。这里/t/和/k/前者失去爆破音 name card /visiting card 名片Here is my name card. (口语常用, 同时伴随着递出的动作) ID card 身份证（ID 身份） credit card 信用卡 cash card 现金卡, 储蓄卡, 工资卡(不能透支的那种) ★spoil(spoiled，spoilt) v. 使索然无味, 损坏 ①vt. 弄坏，损坏，糟蹋 The sad news spoiled our weekend. 这不幸的消息使我们没能过好周末。 The rain spoiled the school sports. 这场雨把学校运动会弄得一团糟。 His arrival spoiled my holiday. ②vt. 宠坏，惯坏，溺爱 Don’t spoil your children. 不能太惯孩子。 His parents spoiled the boy. spoil: 把东西的质量变得不好; 生活中不顺心的事;宠坏, 溺爱 break: 打破; break the windows 打破玻璃 damage: 破坏, 程度不一定很重 destroy : 破坏, 彻底摧毁 以上三个是指物理上的破坏, 而spoil主要指精神上的 ★museum n. 博物馆 Palace Museum 故宫 ★public adj. 公共的 ①adj. 公共的，公众的，社会的 There is a public library in this town. ②adj. 公开的，众人皆知的 Their secret meeting was made public 20 years later. 他们的秘密会晤20 年以后才被公开。
新概念英语第二册复习笔记第三课课文讲解
always 总是（频度副词） holiday a holiday 一天的假期 holiday 较长的假期 go on holiday 去度假 be on holiday 正在度假 holidays 较长的假期，不能指一天的假期 vacation 1）法定假日（宗教假日，国家庆典）英美都用holiday。 2）每年的例行休假（英）holiday （美）vacation leave 雇员因某种原因而获准的休假 ask for a leave 请假 take French leave （英）不辞而别 leave in an English style （法）不辞而别 Italy 意大利Italian 意大利语；意大利人 public garden 公园 tought me a few words of Italian teach sb sth 双宾语现象： teach myself English 自学英语 teach sb a lesson 教训某人一顿 give sb a less on教训某人一顿 teach sb to do sth 教某人去做某事 teach fish to swin 班门弄斧 teach your gran dmother to suck eggs班H 弄斧 educate 知识和智慧全面的培养，通常由学校进行的正规教育 teach 指某一学科或某种技能的各种教育课程 coach 非正规的教导，可能为某一学科进行（考试）辅导或对体育运动的指导train 训练，使在行为、技能或体能上达到要求 instruct 教授某人学校科目；传授某人技巧；命令 word n. 1）词 New words and expressions 生词和词组 2）话，语言 eg. I don'tbelieve a word of his story. 他的故事我一句（一个字）都不相信。3）消息 eg. Word came that he had run into trouble. 有消息传来，他陷入麻烦了。eg. Actions speak louder than words. 行动胜于语言。（ Idiom） have a word in sbsear 和说句悄悄话 have a word with sb 和.说一句话
动词单三形式变化规则
. 动词单三形式的变化规则---------对应时态（一般现在时） 1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks，milk-milks 2．以s。x。sh。ch。o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses，wash-washes，watch-watches go-goes 3．以“辅音字母y”结尾，变y为i，再加-es，如：study-studies 练习：写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____ come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________ study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______ wash_______ 1 He often ________（have）dinner at home。 2 Daniel and Tommy _______（be）in Class One。 3 We _______（not watch）TV on Monday。 4 Nick _______（not go）to the zoo on Sunday。 5 ______ they ________（like）the World Cup？ 6 What _______they often _______（do）on Saturdays？ 7_______ your parents _______（read）newspapers every day？ 8 The girl _______（teach）us English on Sundays。 9 She and I ________（take） a walk together every evening。 10 There ________（be）some water in the bottle。 11 Mike _______（like）cooking。 如有侵权请联系告知删除，感谢你们的配合！ 如有侵权请联系告知删除，感谢你们的配合！ 精品