毕业设计下载

篇一：毕业设计完整版

湖南理工学院

毕业设计（论文）

题目平江大桥施工图设计

作者张劲学号24060100135

系别南湖学院专业土木工程

指导教师王光辉职称导师

完成时间二0一0年六月六日

1 方案拟订与比选?????????????????????

2设计资料及构造布置????????????????????

3主梁的作用效应计算????????????????????

4 预应力钢束的估算及布置?????????????????

5 主梁截面几何特性计算???????????????????

6持久状况截面承载能力极限状态计算?????????????

7 钢束预应力损失估算????????????????????

8 应力验算?????????????????????????

9 抗裂性验算????????????????????????

10 主梁变形（挠度）计算??????????????????

11 锚固区局部承压计算????????????????????

12 行车道板计算???????????????????????

13参考文献?????????????????????????

第一部分上部结构设计计算

1 方案拟订与比选

1.1 设计资料

（1）技术指标：汽车荷载：公路-I级

桥面宽度：0．3m栏杆+2m人行道+净-13m行车道+2m人行

道+0．3m栏杆（共17．6m宽）

（2）设计洪水频率：百年一遇；

（3）通航等级：无；

1.2 设计方案

比选方案的主要标准：

1、安全

安全标准可从行车安全、通航安全、基础地质条件的安全与施工安全等几个方面考虑。行车安全主要通过桥面设施的布置来实现。如根据公路等级和车流具体情况决定是否需设置中央分隔带、分车带或护栏以保证行车安全。通航安全虽然有通航净空保证，但应注意是否有拖船组成的船队通过，另外桥下水流方向是否与桥梁垂直，如遇到这些情况均应适当加大桥梁跨径。基础的安全一方面应该满足规范中规定的基础埋深与河流的冲刷深度和冰冻深度的关系，另一方面应检查基础附近是否有裂缝、断层、溶洞等不良地质现象

存在，由此检查桥梁分孔是否合理。施工期间结构的安全也是应考虑的重要因素，如果设计要求编制施工组织计划，则要注意洪水和飓风对桥梁施工的不利影响，一般要求在洪水来临之前桥墩的施工面要超出设计洪水位。

2、功能

桥梁的功能包括两个方面：一是跨越障碍（河流、山谷或线路），二是承受/荷载。在比选方案时，应选择传力路线直接、简捷的结构形式，以保证结构受力的合理性。此外，还应考虑非正常运营条件下（如地震、风载）能保证结构功能的实施。在地震区修建桥梁要考虑抗震性能好的桥型。梁式体系比拱失体系好，无铰拱比有铰拱要好，整体式的比组合式的好，扩大基础比桩基础好，低桩比高桩好等。再从突发的因素破坏桥梁后的修复难易考虑，梁式体系比拱式体系易修复。从该方面考虑，小跨能满足的就不做大跨；能用标准设计或通用设计的就优先考虑。

3、经济

经济性主要从造价、工期及养护维修方面考虑。

⑴造价：主要包括材料费、人工费及机具设备费。

1)材料费的估价因受价格影响比较大，因暂按材料用量来衡量。

①用标准设计与通用设计时，可按所附材料查用。

②考同类体系、同荷载标准、相近跨度的已建桥梁的工

程数量。

③根据参考书中提出的构造尺寸以及经验尺寸，定出总体设计的轮廓尺寸，然后对主要结构的少数控制截面进行粗略的验算。

2)人工费和机具设备费的标准各地区有很大差别，可根据概预算定额标准进行估算。

⑵工期：工期与造价有很大的关系，桥梁作为线路的一部分，应该要求做到“线路修到那里，桥也通到那里”，以保证机具、材料、人员的输送，线路早日交付运营，可以使国民经济早一天受益。影响工期的因素很多，在资金有保障的前提下，主要受基础工程量的大小、结构形式、施工方法等影响。上下部结构类型多的桥梁，要求特种机具设备的或新体系的工期也长，非就地取材的桥型，不仅造价高，而且工期长；采用脚手施工才工期长，而且有水毁的可能，需要慎重考虑。

⑶养护及维修：桥梁在规定使用期限内经常维修费用的多少需要考虑，混泥土桥的养护和维修费用比刚桥要低得多，当遭受军事或自然因素破坏后的修复，梁式桥比拱式桥方便。

4、美观

我国基本建设的方针是“经济、适用和在可能条件下注意美观”，大量的公路桥和铁路桥设计时应遵守这一要求，

但在特大桥‘城市桥以及位于风景区的桥梁，应注意选择美观的桥型方案。

此外，施工设备及能力和环保也是必须考虑的两个方面。每个比选方案都应初步考虑采用什么施工方法，根据所给的施工设备和现场条件制订施工方案；桥梁设计必须考虑环境保护和可持续发展的要求，包括生态、水、空气、噪声等几个方面全面考虑。

1. 鉴于展架桥地质地形情况。该处地势平缓，故比选方案主要采用简支梁桥和连续梁桥形式。根据安全、适用、经济、美观的设计原则，我初步拟定了三个方案。

1.2.1 方案一：预应力混凝土简支T型梁桥

本桥的横截面采用T型截面（如图1—1）。防收缩钢筋采用下密上疏的要求

布置所有钢筋的焊缝均为双面焊，因为该桥的跨度较大，预应力钢筋采用特殊的形式（如图1—2）布置，这样不仅有利于抗剪，而且在拼装完成后，在桥面上进行张拉，可防止梁上缘开裂。

优点：制造简单，整体性好，接头也方便，而且能有效的利用现代高强材料，减少构件截面，与钢筋混凝土相比，能节省钢材，在使用荷载下不出现裂缝等。

缺点：预应力张拉后上拱偏大，影响桥面线形，使桥面铺装加厚等。

施工方法：采用预制拼装法（后张法）施工，即先预制T型梁，然后用大型机械吊装的一种施工方法。其中后张法的施工流程为：先浇筑构件混凝土，并在其中预留孔道，待混凝土达到要求强度后，将预应力钢筋穿入预留的孔道内，将千斤顶支承与混凝土构件端部，张拉预应力钢筋，使构件也同时受到反力压缩。待张拉到控制拉力后，即用夹片锚具将预应力钢筋锚固于混凝土构件上，使混凝土获得并保持其预压应力。最后，在预留孔道内压注水泥浆。使预应力钢筋与混凝土粘结成为整体。

图1.1预应力混凝土简支T形梁桥

立面图（尺寸单位：cm）

篇二：毕业设计模板

武汉职业技术学院

毕业设计

论文题目智能化电话报警器研制方案

所在学院机电工程学院专业班级机电一体化10304

摘要

CAN全称为“Controller Area Network”，即控制器局域网，是国际上应

系统直接????????????????系统的主控器。

关键词：CAN总线；CAN控制器；SPI接口；微处理器

1 引言 2 总体设计................................................. ........ 1 3 硬件设计................................................. ........ 1 3.1 微处理器系统白边呼庚呼癸给各 .................................. 1 3.1.1 时钟电路 ................................................ .. 2 3.1.2 复位电路 ................................................ .. 2 3.1.3 电压转换电路 . (2)

3.2 键盘和显示模块 ................................................

2 3.2.1 键盘 ................................................ ...... 2 3.2.2 LED数码管分隔符嘎......................................... 5 3.

3 CAN 模

块 ................................................ ...... 2 4.3.1 功放管发分咖啡馆 ......................................... 2 3.3.2

CAN总线驱动器............................................. 2 4 软件设计................................................. ........ 3 4.1 总体程序流程图 ................................................

3 4.2 键盘和显示程序流程图 (4)

4.2.1 7279初始化 (4)

4.2.2 键盘功能实现流程 (5)

4.2.2 键盘功能实现流程

5 制作和调试................................................. ...... 5

6 结论................................................. ............ 5 致谢................................................. ............. 6 参考文献................................................. ...........

7 附录 1 系统实物

图 ................................................ .. 8 附录 2 实验原理图 ................................................ .. 9 附录 3 毕业设计作品说明书 ......................................... 10 附录4 ××××××...............................................

随着计算机网络技术和芯片技术的发展，控制芯片的性能大幅度提高，成本不断减低，??????????对该领域的发展产生重要的影响。

130m。

2 总体设计

CAN总线控制器，????????局域网的核心部件[1]????

3 硬件设计

本系统硬件主要有三大模块组成：微处理器系统、键盘和显示模块和CAN模块。

3.1 微处理器系统本系统的微处理器采用P89LPC932芯片，是LPC900系列单片机的其中一个?????????可靠性设计。

3.1.1 时钟电路是较为常用的单片机外围时钟电路，??

图3-1 单片机外围时钟电路

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武汉职业技术学院毕业论文

3.1.2 复位电路

1 2 ????? ????? 3.1.3 电压转换电路

由于我们???????????所需电压。

3.2 键盘和显示模块

????? 3.2.2 LED数码管 ????? 3.3 CAN模块

CAN3.3.1 CAN独立控制芯片表3-1 各极电流、电压典型值

t 0 T/4

ui/mV 0 25

uBE/V 0.7 0.725

iB/μA 100 150

ib/μA 0 50

iC/mA 5 7.5

ic/mA 0 2.5

uCE/V 10 7.5

uce/V 0 －2.5

3.2.1 键盘

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篇三：毕业设计

毕业设计

院系:__________________

课题:__________________

班级:__________________

学号:__________________

姓名:__________________

指导老师:______________

完成日期:___年___月____日

一.Old sayings 原 ................................................ (3)

二.Old sayings 译 ................................................ (9)

三.洛阳牡丹甲天下原................................................. (15)

四.洛阳牡丹甲天下译................................................. (16)

五.感悟心得 ................................................

(18)

Old Sayings

An old saying has it that beauty is in the eye of the beholder. I doubt whether any beholder， with the possible exception of his mother， could see any beauty in Cliff Sloane. He was short ， skinny and had an ugly face under a thatch of ginger hair.

When he came to live in our village he proved a bit of a puzzle. He lived alone， in the tiny cottage left empty by the death of old Daddy Wills; and he was so reluctant to divulge information about himself that even Lizzie Allen at the store failed to get any more from him that that he was single. Given his looks， that surprised no one. Lizzie also learned that he came for Cornford and that he didn?t work. He was only a young man， forty at the outside， so he obviously hadn?t retired because of age.

Lizzie?s fishing for reasons brought no bites; we were left with speculation. The guesses were many: he?d won a lottery; he had been left money by wealthy parents; he was a retired crook; he was an invalid pensioner; he was simple. Lizzie favored the last; she

said that to some

questions she asked him all she got back was a blank stare.

When he had lived here for a while and had bexxe，as it were， an accepted part of the scenery， feelings about him were divided. There were many who liked him，especially children， old people， and animals --- those， in fact， to whom looks and position do not matter. He won their regard by his actions. To them，though probably they never formulated the thought， a man was what he did. Cliff gave up his seat on the bus to old and young; he relieved old women of their shopping loads and never accepted a cent for his trouble; he helped old men home and put them to bed when they?d spent too long at the pub; he helped children lost，or hurt， or crying because their pet cat was stuck up a tree or on a roof， or their pet pup was receiving unwanted attention from a pack of admirers. He never xxplained when the rescued pets scratched his face or bit his legs; and he was often seen painting， mowing，chopping or weeding for the aged， the sick， or the temporarily absent.

His action did not win him the affection or respect of all. The middle-aged， the men especially，were wise enough to know that Cliff did these things not because he liked people and animals， not because he was filled with love and xxpassion， but simply to xxpensate for his lack of attractiveness; he was trying to buy their friendship， their respect.

He made no sacrifices， they told each other. He gave his time， but he had plenty of that. He didn?t have to work eight hours a day to live. Sure， he put in a bit of effort， but， unlike them， he could stop or start when he pleased. Faced with a real test， would he put himself at risk? Would he ， say， tackle an armed robber， a rapist， a chain-swinging bikie， to save an old woman， a child， anyone? They thought not.

True， some things that he had done involved small risks， but the key word was “small”. Once， when it had rained without cease for a week， and the river had risen to a record level， homes on the flats had to be evacuated. Then one young evacuee， Tommy Phillips，had set up a howl because in the rush his pet rabbit had been left behind. While people promised him another

pet， and consoled him with chocolate， Cliff had，without a word， swum though swirling flood waters and returned with the rabbit clinging to his chest inside his saturated shirt. There was a fuss made over him by the women and children but， in the opinion of the men，Cliff wasn?t braver than anyone else， just more stupid to think a rabbit worth saving. Most of them were on the land， or had been on the land， and they knew that the only good rabbit was a dead one， preferably stewed or baked or fried. Head it been a child left behind，not one of them would have hesitated. Needless to say，their view was not shared by Tommy Phillips. To Tommy，Cliff would always