人教版英语八年级上册知识点归纳

人教版八年级上册重点词汇

第一单元

1.wonder/wonderful

☆wonder v.疑惑，想知道

a. 后接who、what、why、where等引导的宾语从句。如：

I wonder why Ann is late.

我想知道Ann为什么迟到了。

b.后接 if或whether引导的宾语从句，常用来表示一种委婉的请求或疑问。如：

She wondered whether you were free that morning.

她想知道你那天上午是否有空。

c. 后接“疑问词＋不定式”构成的短语。如：

I'm just wondering how to do it.

我正想知道该怎样做那件事。

☆wonder n.奇观，奇景。为可数名词。

如：The Great Wall is a great wonder in China.

长城是中国的一大奇观。

作名词时的一个常见用法为no wonder，表示“难怪”。如：

No wonder you can't find anybody here; they're all away at a meeting.

难怪找不到人，都开会去了。

☆wonderful adj.美妙的，极好的，非常棒

如：I always think he is a wonderful actor.

我一直认为他是一个非常好的演员。

2.try/try on

try n. 尝试

have a try试一试

You can have a try if you want.如果你想，可以试一下。

v. 尝试try to do sth. 努力做某事

Tom tries to finish the work by himself.Tom努力自己完成工作。

try doing sth.试着做某事

He tries running as fast as he can.他试着尽量快跑。

try on 试穿

You'd better try on the dress before you decide to buy it.你最好在决定买这条裙子之前先试穿一下。

3.seem /seem to do

a.“主语+seem+(to be)+表语”，表语多为名词或形容词，有时是其

他的词或短语，以说明主语的特征或状态。如：

Tom seems (to be) a very clever boy.Tom看上去是一个非常聪明的男孩。

b.“主语+seem+不定式”，此句型中的seem与不定式一起构成复合

谓语。如：

Mrs. Green doesn't seem (或seems not) to like the idea.

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Green夫人似乎不太喜欢这个主意。

The young man seemed to have changed much.

这个年轻人看起来变化很大。

C..“It seems+that+其他”，其中it 是形式主语，that后跟一个句子。

It seems that no one knows what happened in the park just now.

似乎没有人知道刚才在公园里发生了什么。

4.decide/decide to do sth./decision

decide vt.&vi.决定，决心；

decision n. 决定 make a decision做决定

1)跟名词或代词：It is the people who decide the fate of mankind. 决定人类命运的是人民。

2)跟不定式，decide (not) to do sth.决定（不）做某事

He decided to give a one-man show.他决定唱一段独角戏。

3)跟介词短语(跟on或upon，表示“就某事做出决定”)：

Don't decide on important matters too quickly.重要的事情不要匆忙做出决定。

4) 跟从句：Let's first decide where we should go.(=Let's first decide

where to go.)我们先决定一下到什么地方去。

5.because of/because

1. because conj. 因为；由于；后接句子

I bought the house simply because it was large.

我买了这房子，只是因为面积大。

2. because of 因为，后接短语

Many fish died because of the serious water pollution.

因为严重的水污染，许多鱼都死了。

第二单元

1.hardly/hard/almost

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2.least/at least/less/less than

3.result/as a result

a.result n. 结果

They will announce the result of the vote tonight. 今晚他们将宣布投票结果。

b.as a result 单独使用，后常接句子，表示“结果、因此”。 He made one big mistake. As a result, he lost his job.

他犯了个大错，结果丢了工作。

c.as a result of + sth.，表示“因此，由于；作为……的结果”

4.die/dead/death

die vt.＆vi.死亡； died(过去式）

dead adj.死去的 dying(濒临死亡的）

death n. 死亡

5.point n.& v.

point n.& v. 点，分数；指向

point at 指向(较近的物)，侧重于指的对象；

point to 指向（较远的物），侧重于指的方向；

point out 意为“指出”，out是副词。

He is three points behind the leader.他落后领先者三分。

He stood up and pointed his finger at me.他站起来，用手指指着我。

She was pointing to a small boat that was approaching the shore.

她指着驶近岸边的一艘小船。

He was always very keen to point out my mistakes.

他总是急不可待地指出我的错误。

第三单元

1.break(broke)/break down

break 可作动词和名词，作动词时意为“打破，违背”；作名词时意为“休息”。例如：

Hugh broke the silence. "Is she always late?" he asked.

Hugh打破了沉默，问道：“她总是迟到吗？”

They may be able to help with childcare so that you can have a brea k. 他们可以帮忙照料孩子，这样你就可以歇一歇了。

break down抛锚，出故障；（身体）垮掉；坏掉

Their car broke down. 他们的车子出故障了。

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You will break down if you think too much. 如果你想得太多，会崩溃的。

break out爆发

A war broke out between the two countries last year.

去年两国间爆发了一场战争。

2.care/carefully/care about/take care of

c are n./v.忧虑；关心，照顾

careful adj. 小心的，仔细的

carefully adv.仔细地，小心地

care for喜欢，照料；care about在乎；take care当心；

take care of照料

Do you care about me?你关心我吗？

She met both dogs and did not care for either. 两只狗她都见了，一个都不喜欢。

The little boy cares about his pet dog very much. 那个小男孩非常在意他的宠物狗。

How can a little girl like her take good care of herself? 像她这样的一个小女孩怎么能够照顾好自己呢？

3.share/share...with...

share v. 分享；共享；共用；分摊

Britain and America share a common language.

英国和美国共用一种语言。

share sth. with sb.与某人分享某物

Would you like to share your toys with your little brother, Tom?

Tom，你愿意和你的弟弟分享你的玩具吗？

4.different/be different from/the same as/be similar to

different adj.不同的

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London was different from most European capitals.

伦敦同大多数欧洲国家的首都有所不同。

be different from与……不同

He wants to push himself forward and be different from the others.

他就爱出风头，显得与众不同。

the same as与……一样

My stand on this is just the same as it was four years ago.

我对此事的立场与四年前无异。

第四单元

1.give v.给予，给

give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb.给某人某物

give in屈服，让步； give up放弃；give back归还

give up doing sth.放弃做某事

They gave me the impression that they were doing exactly what they wanted in life.

他们给我的印象是，他们正在做自己人生中想做的事情。

The government refused to give in to their demands.

政府对他们的要求拒不妥协。

Why don't you give up smoking?你为什么不戒烟呢？

I gave the textbook back to him. 我把课本还给他了。

2.role n.角色，地位

Which role do you like?你喜欢哪一个角色？

play an important role in sth./doing sth. 在……方面扮演重要角色，在……当中起着重要作用

如：

Language plays an important role in our life.

语言在我们的生活中起着重要作用。

Body language plays an important role in communicating.

肢体语言在交流中起着重要的作用。

词组：role model 模范，榜样?????

3.close adj.亲密的；v.关，结束 close friend亲密的朋友closed adj.关着的，关闭的，紧锁的

open adj.敞开的，开着的；v.开业，开张，开放，使打开

I'm close to her.我和她关系密切。

Just close the shop.把店关了就好了。

He opened the window and looked out.他打开窗户往外看.

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4.make up组成、编造；

make sure of弄清楚、查明、设法、确保，后面常跟短语。

make sure +句子，意为“弄明白、确信”；

make a decision决定做某事；

make fun of捉弄、取笑；

make out理解、辨认出。

Women officers make up 13 percent of the police force.

女警占警力的13%。

I wanted to make sure you were all right.我想确认一下你是否没事。You'd better make sure of the time and place for the meeting.

你最好把开会的时间和地点弄清楚。

Do not make fun of her dress.

别取笑她的衣服了。

I couldn't make it out at all. 我完全不能明白它。

5.serious adj.

a. 严肃的，认真的

I find it difficult to talk to you about anything serious.

我觉得很难跟你谈任何严肃的事。

Let's have a serious talk about your future.

让我们来认真地谈一谈你的未来。

b. 严重的；危急的

The government still face very serious difficulties.

政府仍然面临着非常严峻的困难。

c. 重要的

I regard this as a serious matter.

我认为这件事很重要。

Don't laugh, boy. This is serious.

小伙子，别笑，这很重要。

d.be serious about sth. 对……认真

You really are serious about this, aren't you? 你对这事确实是认真的，是吧？

seriously adv.严重地; 认真地；严肃地

take sth. seriously认真对待某事

It's hard to take them seriously in their pretty grey uniforms. 他们穿着灰灰的制服，很难让人把他们当回事。

第五单元

1.plan

用作动词，计划

plan to do sth.计划、打算做某事

I plan to plant some vegetables in the garden.

我计划在花园种一些蔬菜。

2.用作名词，计划

make a plan to do sth. 计划做某事

make a plan for sth. 为……做计划

plan for sth.为了……的计划

one's plan is to do sth. 某人的计划是做某事

Did you make a plan to go to the Great Wall?

你计划去长城了吗？

It is necessary to make a plan for this course.

有必要给这门课程制定一个计划。

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2.mind作名词，意为“头脑，主意，想法”

An idea came into my mind. 我想到了一个主意。

mind作动词时，有以下用法：

1.意为“当心；注意”，后跟名词或从句,也可单独使用。

Mind the step! 小心台阶!

2.意为“介意；在乎”,主要用于疑问句和否定句。

①作不及物动词。

-Do you mind if I smoke? 如果我抽烟，你介意吗？

-Not at all, please. 一点也不，抽吧。

②作及物动词,后面通常接名词、代词、v-ing形式、复合结构、从句等。

Would you mind my closing that door? 你介意我关上那扇门吗?

注意：Do (Would) you mind doing sth.?这一句型通常用来表示请他人做某事,常译为“可否请你做某事”或“劳驾你做某事”,多用Would 开头,用Do的情况较少。

Would you mind making some room for the patient?

请你给这位病人让点儿地方出来行吗?

mind的常用短语：

change one's mind 改变主意；

have… in (one's) mind在某人心里有……想法；

keep… in mind记住；

make up one's mind 决心，决定；

Would you mind doing sth.?/ Would you mind not doing sth.? 你介意（不）做某事吗？

3.、succeed的用法

succeed 表示“成功”，是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。

succeed in doing sth.= do sth. successfully 做成某事。

At last he succeeded in solving the problem. 最终，他成功地解决了那个问题。

success的用法:

success 表示抽象意义的“成功”，是不可数的；表示具体意义的“成功的人或事”，则是可数的。

He was a great success in business.他事业上很成功。

successful的用法

successful成功的；be successful in doing sth.成功地做某事。

The performance was successful. 演出很成功。

Were you successful in finding a new house? 你成功找到新房子了吗？

4.ready adj.愿意的；准备好的

The dinner is ready. 晚饭准备好了。

be ready to 随时可(乐意,即将)；准备好

He is ready to join the activity. 他很乐意参加这个活动。

be ready for 为……做好准备

I must be ready for the test.

我必须为考试做好准备。

第六单元

1.sure adj. 确信的；有把握的；一定的（不用在名词前）

I am pretty sure that he'll agree.

他会同意的，对此我有相当的把握。

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be sure to do sth. 一定要做某事，务必要做某事（用于告诉某人记住做某事）

Be sure to give your family my regards.务必代我向你的家人问好。be sure about/of 对……有把握

I'm quite sure about getting the scholarship.

我很确信能得到奖学金。

另外be sure后也常用how/where/when等+不定式

David was not sure how to deal with the problem.

David不确定该如何应对这个问题。

make sure (of sth./that) 确保；查明

You'd better make sure of the time and place for the meeting.

你最好把开会的时间和地点弄清楚。

Make sure that you put down every word she says.

确保要记下她说的每一个字。

2.promise n. 承诺；诺言

make/keep/break a/one's promise许下 / 信守/ 违背诺言

If you make a promise, you should keep it. 如果做出了承诺，就应该遵守。

promise v. 许诺；承诺

promise (sb.) that 承诺……

promise sb. sth./ promise sth. (to sb.)许诺某人某事

promise to do sth.许诺做某事

You promised me (that) you'd be home early tonight.

你曾向我保证今晚会早回家的。

We promise you an exciting trip.

我们保证你在旅途中玩得开心。

I promised to take my children to the funfair on Saturday.

我答应周六带孩子们去游乐场。

3.. take up意为“（尤指为消遣）开始做；学着做”

My father took up the study of English at the age of forty.

我父亲在40岁时开始学英语。

take up还可意为“占用，花费（时间、空间或精力等）”，是及物动词短语。

This desk takes up too much room. 这张桌子占了太多的空间。

.take down意为“取下来（从高处）；记下”

Take down the picture and put up the map of the world.

取下这张画，挂上一幅世界地图。

You should take down this piece of information.

你应该把这条信息记录下来。

take off 意为“脱下；飞机等（起飞）”

Excuse me. You have to take off your shoes before getting into the computer room.

不好意思，在进入电脑室之前，得先脱鞋。

The plane is going to take off soon. 飞机马上就要起飞了。

take care意为“提防，当心；保重”，take care of 意为“照顾”，后需加宾语。

Take care when you cross the street! 过马路时要当心。

Bye! Take care! 再见！多保重！

I can take care of my little brother. 我能照顾我的弟弟。

4.begin/start to do sth. = begin/start doing sth. 表示“开始做某事”

to begin with起初，开始,首先=at first

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The child began/started to cry/crying when her mother left home.

当妈妈离开家时，这个孩子开始哭了。

beginning n.开头；开端

at the beginning of 在……开始

in/at the beginning 开始，起初=at first

from the very beginning一开始

from beginning to end意为“从头到尾”

At the beginning of this term, I find it hard to learn math.

这学期初，我发现数学很难学。

5.discuss v.意为“讨论，商量”

常用短语：discuss sth. with sb.意为“和某人讨论某事”

We discussed our plans for the new term. 我们讨论了新学期的计划。discuss后一般不直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可跟“疑问词+动词不定式”结构或疑问词引导的从句。

They are discussing how to do it.

他们正在讨论如何做这件事情。

discussion n. 意为“讨论，商讨”

have a discussion (with sb.) (about/on...)

under discussion讨论中=being discussed

第七单元

1.part/play a part in doing sth.

(1) part n. 部分 (+of)

In parts of Canada, French is the first language.

在加拿大的部分地区，法语是第一语言。

The best part of the holiday was the food.

假期里最令人开心的事是可口的美食。

(2) play a part in... “参与……；在……中发挥作用”，后接名词、

代词或动名词。

Mr. Black didn't play a part in making this decision.

Black先生并没有参与做此决定。

play a part in... = play a role in ... =have a part （to play）in ...

（在某事中）发挥作用

(3) take part in参加；参与

All the students in our class took part in this discussion.

我们班里的所有学生都参加了这次讨论。

2.pollute/pollution

(1). pollute v. 污染（空气、水、土壤等）

The factory pollutes the air and water.

那家工厂污染了空气和水。

pollute sth. with sth.因……受到污染

The rivers are seriously polluted with waste.

河流受到了垃圾的严重污染。

polluted adj. 受污染的

pollute还有“毁掉、败坏”之意。

pollute sb's mind毒害某人的思想

(2). pollution n. 污染；污染物

air/water/soil pollution 空气/水/土壤污染

3.dangerous/danger/ in danger

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(1). dangerous adj. 危险的；有害的

It's dangerous to climb trees.

爬树是危险的。

(2). danger n.危险

be in danger 有危险

be out of danger 脱离危险

be a danger to sb./sth. 对某人或某物来说是个威胁（此处danger

可作可数名词）

danger后常接of (doing) sth.

the danger of drug use 吸毒的危害

We told her the danger of driving the car in that situation.

我们告诉过她了，在那种情况下开车很危险。

in danger意为“处于危险中”，是介词短语，常在句中作状语、定语和表语。

We feel sad when we think of pandas and other animals in danger. 当我们想到处于危险中的熊猫和其他动物时，就感到很伤心。

4.fall的相关用法

(1)v. 掉下；落下；跌倒；(数量)下降、降低

Apples fell from the tree.

苹果从树上落下。

She fell on the stairs and broke her ankle.

她在楼梯上摔了一跤，脚踝骨折。

The island is warm all year round and winter temperatures never fall below 10 degrees.

这个岛全年温暖，冬季气温从不低于10度。

fall down跌倒；倒塌，强调“滑倒、倒下”，后接宾语时应加上from。

The old house soon fell down.

这座老房子很快就倒塌了。

fall behind落后(于)

Boris falls behind all the top players.

Boris落后于所有顶尖选手。

f all off 从……跌落、下降，后面可直接加宾语。

fall down from=fall off

The book fell down from the table to the floor.

(=The book fell off the table to the floor.)

这本书从桌子上掉在了地上。

When you are learning to ride a bicycle, you often fall off.

你在学自行车时，常常会从车上摔下来。

fall asleep 入睡

The child fell asleep quickly.

这个孩子很快入睡了。

(2)n.跌落、跌倒；(数量的)下降；秋季

There is a fall in oil prices.

油价下跌了。

She was killed in a fall from a horse.

她坠马而死。

5.agree v.(不用进行时)同意、意见一致

(1)agree with sb.与某人意见一致，同意某人

I don't agree with him. 我不同意他的意见。

(2) agree on/about sth.就……达成协议

(3) agree to sth./ to do sth. 同意计划、建议、安排等，同意做某事

(4) agree that+句子认为、赞同……

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(5) I quite agree.=I can't agree more. 我完全同意。agreement n.协议；同意

reach an agreement 达成一致意见

disagree v.不同意，反对

I respect the president, but I disagree with him sometimes.

我尊重总统，但我有时候和他意见不一。

第八单元

1.fill vt./vi. （使）充满；装满

vt.使充满，装满，盛满，注满

Clive filled his pockets with apples. Clive给口袋里装满了苹果。

I was filled with gratitude for her. 我对她充满了感激之情。

vi. 满，充满

The theatre soon filled with people. 剧院里很快就挤满了人。The hall filled quickly. 大厅很快就挤满了人。

be filled with=be full of“装满……；充满……”

The air was filled with the sound of children's laughter.

空气中荡漾着孩子们的笑声。

2.mix/mix up/mixture

mix v.（使）混合；拌和；（使）结合

mix (sth.) with sth. 把……与……混合、拌和

Shake the bottle well to make the oil mix with the vinegar.

充分摇动瓶子使油和醋混合。

mix sth. together

Mix all the ingredients together in a bowl.

把所有的配料放在碗里，搅和一下。

mix (sb./sth.) up 搅拌；混淆，弄混；弄乱

Someone has mixed up all the application forms.

有人把申请表都弄乱了。

I always mix him up with his brother. They look so much alike.

我总是把他和他弟弟弄混，他们长得太像了。

mix n.混合；混合配料（同mixture）

Add water to the cake mix and bake at 375oF.

往蛋糕粉里加水，然后在375华氏度的温度下烘烤。

.mixture n.混合；混合体；混合料

The town is a mixture of the old and the new.

这个小城新旧结合。

Pour the mixture into four small dishes.

把混合料倒入四个小碟子里。

3.turn on/off/down/up

turn on意为“（把水源、煤气、电源等）打开”，其反义词组为turn off “关上”。

turn down意为“（把收音机的音量、灯的亮度等）关小、调低”，也有“拒绝”之意。

turn up “（把收音机的音量、灯的亮度等）调高”，此外turn up 也有“出现”之意。

这些短语中，on，off，up和down均为副词，后接代词时，代词应位于副词的前面。

Please turn off/on the radio.

请把收音机关上/打开。

The music is very loud. Can you turn it down a little, please?

音乐声音太大。你能关小一点吗？

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She sat down and turned up the heat.

她坐下来，把温度调高。

3.serve/service/servant

serve v. 招待，供应；为……服务；服役；对……有用，能起……作用

The waiter was serving another table.

那名侍者正在接待另一桌客人。

Meals can be served to you in your room.

饭菜可以送到你的房间里。

serve as... 当作……，担任……，充当……

This room serves as her office.

这个房间用作她的办公室。

service n. 服务，服侍；服役

Our aim is to provide the best service at the lowest price.

我们的目标是以最低的价格提供最好的服务。

be in service 在使用中；可供使用

These trains have been in service for many years.

这些火车已经使用很多年了。

be out of service 不在使用中；不能使用

servant n. 仆人；雇员；公务员

He is a trusted servant of the company.

他是公司一名可靠的雇员。

第九单元

1.catch/catch up with/catch a cold

catch v. (caught, caught) 抓住；捕获；困住；接住

You can't catch me! I'm running fast.

你抓不到我，我跑得快。

A rabbit was caught in the bush.

一只兔子被困在了灌木丛里。

I jumped up to catch a ball and fell over.

我跳起来接球，结果摔倒了。

catch v. 搭上；赶上(车、飞机等)

We have plenty of time for Anthony to catch the ferry.

我们有足够的时间等Anthony搭上渡船。

catch v. 患上(传染病)，感染上……

The more stress you are under, the more likely you are to catch a cold.

压力越大，越有可能患感冒。

catch v. 听清楚；领会

Sorry, I didn't quite catch what you said.

对不起，我没听清楚你的话。

常用短语：catch sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事

catch a cold 患感冒catch hold of 抓住（同take hold of）catch up (with) 赶上；跟上catch sb's eye 引起某人的注意be/get caught in 处于困境

2.look forward to (doing) sth.

look forward to 意为“期待；盼望”，其中to为介词，其后可跟名词、代词或动名词形式作宾语。

I'm really looking forward to our vacation.

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我热切期待着我们的假期。

My mother says she's looking forward to meeting you.

我母亲说她盼望着与你见面。

3.prepare/prepare for/preparation

prepare vt. 准备（食物、物品）

prepare sth. (for sb./sth.) (为某人/某物)准备……

My parents will prepare plenty of food and drinks for us.

我的父母会为我们准备很多食物和饮品。

. prepare vt./vi.筹备，（为……）做准备

prepare for...（为……）做准备

The whole class is working hard preparing for the exams.

全班同学都在努力用功准备考试。

prepare to do sth.准备做某事

Her parents were busy preparing to go on holiday.

她的父母正忙于准备度假。

prepare sb. for sth.使某人为某事做准备

We must prepare him for the bad news.

我们必须让他为这个坏消息做好准备。

preparation n.（单数，不可数名词）预备，准备

(do sth.) in preparation for sth.为准备某事而做某事

He is practising every day, in preparation for the ice-skating championship.

他每天都在为备战滑冰锦标赛而操练。

preparations （复数）准备工作，筹备工作

make preparations/preparation for...为……做准备/准备工作Preparations are being made for the President's visit.

为迎接总统来访的准备工作正在进行中。

4.surprised/surprise/surprising

surprise n. 意想不到的事；惊讶

What a surprise to find you here.

真想不到在这里碰到你。

give sb. a surprise 让某人吃惊

She wanted to give him a surprise.

她想给他一个惊喜。

in surprise 惊讶地，常用于动词之后作状语。

Bill looked at him in surprise.

Bill惊讶地看着他。

to one's surprise 令人惊讶的是

To our surprise, the boy won the prize.

令我们惊讶的是，这个男孩赢得了奖项。

surprise v. 使惊奇；使感到意外

His strange question surprised her.

他那奇怪的问题使她感到意外。

surprised adj. (感到) 吃惊的；惊奇的

be surprised at... 对……感到吃惊

We were greatly surprised at the news.

我们听到这个消息后大感意外。

be surprised to do sth. 做某事感到很惊讶

I bet she will be really surprised to see me.

我打赌她看到我会感到意外。

surprising adj. 令人惊奇的；使人吃惊的；出人意料的She told me a surprising thing.

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她告诉我一件令人吃惊的事。

5.invite/invitation

invite v. 邀请

invite sb. to/for sth.

I invited him to dinner.

我邀请他来吃晚餐。

Why don't you invite her for a drink at the club one evening?

何不找个晚上请她到俱乐部去喝一杯？

invite sb. to do sth.

Gail invited me to stay with her while her parents were out of town. Gail邀请我在她父母出城时住在她家。

invitation n. (书面或口头)邀请；请柬；受邀

an invitation to do sth./to sth.

He received an invitation to speak at the meeting.

他收到了在会议上发言的邀请。

Roger never turns down an invitation to dinner.

有人请吃饭，Roger从不拒绝。

They were always dropping by, usually without invitation.

他们常常来串门，通常不请自来。

第十单元

1. advice n. 意见，建议；忠告，劝告

advice为不可数名词，常用piece这样的量词来修饰。

This is a good piece of advice.

这是一个好的建议。

advice on/about sth./doing sth.关于……的建议/意见

I need some advice about my computer.

我需要一点有关我的电脑的意见。

on sb’s advice听从某人的建议

On her doctor’s advice, Mrs. Smith decided to take early retirement.

Mrs. Smith听从她医生的建议，决定提前退休。

常用词组搭配：

give sb. some advice给某人一些建议

get some advice 获取建议

ask sb's advice 征求某人的建议

take/follow/accept sb’s advice采纳/听从某人的意见

go/turn to sb. for advice向某人求教

2. advise v. 劝告，忠告；建议

advise (sb.) on sth. 或advise (sb.) about (doing) sth. 关于……

给某人忠告/建议；(向……)提供(专业的)建议

We employed an expert to advise on new technology.

我们聘用了一位专家担任新技术顾问。

advise (sb.) against (doing) sth. 劝告/建议不做（避免）某事

I’d advis e you against saying anything to the press.

我建议你对新闻界保持沉默。

advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事Evans advised him to leave London.

Evans劝他离开伦敦。

advise+that从句表示“建议……” that从句中的谓语动词用(should) do的形式。

They advise that you (should) carry your passport at all times.

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他们建议你要随身带着护照。

2.understand v. （不用于进行时）

. 懂得；理解；明白

She doesn’t understand English.

她不懂英语。

I am sorry, I don’t understand. Can you explain that again?

对不起，我不明白。你能再解释一下吗？

make oneself understood 清楚表达自己的意思；被别人理解I’m not very good at German, but I can make myself un derstood. 我德语不是太好，不过我能说清楚自己的意思。

（尤指通过学习或经历）了解，知道

Doctors still don't understand much about the disease.

医生对这种疾病还了解不多。

understand how/why/where等+句子

I could never understand why she was fired.

我怎么也不明白她为何被解雇。

理解；谅解；体谅

If you tell him how you feel, I’m sure he’ll understand.

如果你告诉他你的感受，我相信他会理解的。

understanding n.& adj.

(不可数名词) 理解；领悟；了解；认识

understanding of sth.对……的了解

The committee has little or no understanding of the problem.

委员会对这个问题了解不多或根本不了解。

(可数名词，常用单数形式) (非正式的)协议

come to/reach an understanding 达成协议

We finally came to an understanding about how many hours we would work.

我们最终就工作时长问题达成协议。

(不可数名词) 理解；谅解；体谅

We are looking for a better understanding between the two nations.

我们正在力求增进两国间的理解。

(形容词) 善解人意的；体谅人的

Luckily, I have a very understanding boss.

幸运的是，我有一位非常善解人意的老板。

3.experience n.& v. 经验；经历；体验；感受到

experience (不可数名词) 经验；阅历

experience in/of...表示在某方面有经验/有某方面的经验

I had some experience in fashion design.

我有一些时装设计方面的经验。

gain/get experience 获得经验

in one’s experience根据某人的经验

know/learn/speak from experience 从经验中得知/习得/据经验而谈

experience (可数名词) 经历

Failing an exam was a new experience for me.

考试不及格对我来说还是第一次。

experience v. 经历；经受；感受；体会

Everyone experiences these problems at some time in their lives.

每个人在人生的某个阶段都会经历这些问题。

I experienced a moment of panic as I boarded the plane.

我上飞机时曾一度感到恐慌。

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experienced adj. 有经验的；有阅历的；有见识的；老练的

He's very experienced in looking after animals.

他照顾动物很有经验。

4.keep v. 保持；处于；保留；继续

keep作系动词，意为“（使）保持，（使）处于”，常用keep (sb./sth.) + adj.

We huddled around the fire to keep warm.

我们挤在火堆边取暖。

Please keep your room tidy.

请保持房间整洁。

keep away (from sb./sth.) 远离；勿靠近

Keep away from the edge of the cliff.

切莫靠近悬崖边。

keep (sb./sth.) back/off/out 使……远离；不接近

The police put up barriers to keep the crowds back.

警方设置了障碍物来挡住人群。

keep (on) doing sth. 保持一直做某事

I keep telling you, but you won’t listen.

我一再跟你说，但你就是不肯听。

keep (sb./sth) from (doing) sth. 不让某人做某事；不让某事发生You must keep the little boy from hurting himself.

你一定要提防那小男孩伤了自己。

keep sb. waiting 让某人一直等候

keep...to oneself 对……保密；绝口不提……

You'd better keep your salary to yourself.

你最好保密自己的工资。

注意：此用法经常和下面的表达互换。

keep one’s word/promise遵守诺言

keep a secret 保守秘密

5.c areful/careless adj.

careful adj. 谨慎的；小心翼翼的；细心的；周密的

Be careful! 当心！

He is a careful driver.

他是一个谨慎的司机。

be careful (not) to do sth. 小心做（不做）某事

He was careful to keep out of sight.

他小心翼翼地躲开别人的视线。

be careful of/with/about sth./doing sth. 当心……

Mara was careful about what she ate.

Mara吃东西很小心。

sb. cannot/never be too careful. 越小心越好，再小心也不为过。

careless adj. 粗心的；不在意的

It was careless of him to leave the door unlocked.

他忘了锁门，真是粗心大意。

be careless with/about sth. 在某方面粗心

He’s careless with his glasses and has lost three pairs.

他用眼镜很马虎，已经丢掉三副了。

care n. 照看；照料；小心；谨慎

take care 保重，珍重；小心，当心

take care of sb./sth 照看/照料某人或某物

care v. 在乎；在意

care about 关注；在乎

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The only thing he seems to care about is money.

他好像只在乎钱。

care for 照顾；照料(=take care of=look after)；喜欢

He thanked the nurses who had cared for him.

他向照料他的护士致谢。

She does not care very greatly for art.

她对艺术不十分感兴趣。

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