全国高考汇编之定语从句
2014全国高考汇编之定语从句
一（2014安徽卷）22．The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.
A. When
B. where
C. why
D. which
【考点】考察定语从句【答案】D
【解析】本题定语从句的先行词是the exact year，后面的定语从句Angela and her family spent together in China中动词spent后面缺少宾语，所以使用关系代词which引导这个定语从句，并在句中做宾语。Where的先行词通常是指地点的名词，关系副词when的先行词通常是表示时间的名词，why的先行词是the reason。ABC三项通常在句中做状语。Which在定语从句里做主语，宾语或者表语。句义：Angela和他的家人一起在中国度假确切是在2008年。故D正确。
【试题延伸】定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析，关系代词that, which, whose, whom, as，who在句中做主语，宾语，表语或者定语；where, why, when在句中做状语。要分析句子成分，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。
【举一反三】Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _______ the audience can buy ice-cream.
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. which
【答案】A【考点】考查定语从句。
【解析】句意：音乐会的两大构成部分中间有幕间休息时间，在这段时间里观众可以去买冰激凌。When引导的定语从句修饰an interval，when在从句中作时间状语。首先解析句子结构，判断从句类型，题干说“在音乐会中间有间歇，此时你可以买冰激凌。”题干的前半部分完整无缺，后半部分补充说明这个间歇你可以干的事，所以这是一个非限定性定语从句，先行词为interval，非限定性定语从句的功能就是对先行词进行补充说明。由于从句部分不缺少主干成分，而且interval表时间，所以正确答案为A．
二（2014北京卷）26. I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ______ my classmates recommended to me..
A.who
B. which
C. when
D. Where
【考点】考察定语从句【答案】B
【解析】本题考察的是非限制性定语从句，先行词是the book Sherlock Holmes，在定语从句中which指代先行词作为定语从句中的动词recommend的宾语。CD两项是关系副词，不能在句中做宾语，只能做状语。A项who的先行词通常都是指人的名词。句意：上个星期我从图书馆里借了《福尔摩斯诡异》，这是我的同学推荐给我的。故B正确。
【试题延伸】非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的理解，在非限定性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开，如若将非限定性定语从句放在句子中间，起前后都需要用逗号隔开。需要注意 which引导的非限定性定语从句是用来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分。在非限定性定语从句中，关系词不能用that。
【举一反三】The Science Museum, we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.
A.which
B.what
C.that
D.where
〖答案〗A
〖考点〗考查非限制性定语从句
〖解析〗which引导非限制性定语从句, 指代先行词the Science Museum, 同时又在从句中作visited的宾语。where为关系副词, 不能作宾语；that不能引导非限制性定语从句；what不能引导定语从句。
三（2014福建卷）31. Students should involve themselves in community activities they can gain experience for growth.
A. who
B. when
C. which
D. where
【考点】考察定语从句【答案】D
【解析】本题定语从句的先行词是community activities，后面的定语从句they can gain experience for growth主谓宾句子结构很完整，所以使用关系副词来引导这个定语从句，where 在句中相当于in which，充当状语。句义：学生应该参与社区活动，在社区活动里他们能够获得成长的经验。AC是关系代词，不能在句中做状语。When的先行词通常是表示时间的名词。故D正确。
【举一反三】Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity sight
A.when
B.whose
C.which
D.where
〖答案〗D〖考点〗考查定语从句
〖解析〗句意为“那些成功的盲人舞蹈家认为舞蹈是一项视觉比听觉更为重要的活动。”先
行词activity后跟定语从句, 从句中where作地点状语, 意为“在那儿, 在那种情况或场合下”。
四（2014湖南卷）31.I am looking forward to the day my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
A. as
B. why
C. when
D. where
【考点】考察定语从句【答案】C
【解析】本题是一个定语从句，先行词是the day，后面的定语从句结构非常完整，所以使用关系副词when在句中做时间状语，同时引导起这个定语从句。句义：我一直都在期待着我的女儿能够阅读并理解我对她的感情的那一天。故C正确。
【举一反三】Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _______ the audience can buy ice-cream.
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. which
【答案】A【考点】考查定语从句。
【解析】句意：音乐会的两大构成部分中间有幕间休息时间，在这段时间里观众可以去买冰激凌。When引导的定语从句修饰an interval，when在从句中作时间状语。首先解析句子结构，判断从句类型，题干说“在音乐会中间有间歇，此时你可以买冰激凌。”题干的前半部分完整无缺，后半部分补充说明这个间歇你可以干的事，所以这是一个非限定性定语从句，先行词为interval，非限定性定语从句的功能就是对先行词进行补充说明。由于从句部分不缺少主干成分，而且interval表时间，所以正确答案为A．
五（2014江苏卷）22. The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work _________________________________ a good impression is a must.
A. which
B. when
C. as
D. where
【考点】考察定语从句【答案】D
【解析】本题定语从句的先行词是work，后面的定语从句a good impression is a must的句子结构很完整，所以使用关系副词在句中做状语，同时也引导起这个定语从句。句意：在日常交流中这本书书帮助了很多，尤其是在需要有良好印象的工作之中。AC两项都是关系代词在句中不能做状语，when的先行词通常都是指时间的名词。故D正确。
【试题延伸】where引导定语从句时，是表示地点或者抽象意义“在…方面”，本身在从句部分充当地点状语。并且有些时候一些词会很抽象的用作地点，比如，case，stage，position，state，activity, business, occasion, situation, point，work等,但也要视情况而定。
【举一反三】It’s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently.
A. that
B. when
C. which
D. where
〖答案〗D〖考点〗考查定语从句。
〖解析〗先行词是situation, 指物, 亦可指地点, 关系词在从句中做地点状语, 用关系副词where, 选D。把孩子放在他们能够另眼看自己的环境里是有益的。
六（2014江西卷）28. Among the many dangers_-- sailors have to face , probably the greatest of all is fog .
A. which
B. what
C. where
D. when
【考点】考察定语从句【答案】A
【解析】本题定语从句的先行词是the many dangers，在定语从句中关系代词which指代先行词在句中作为动词face的宾语，可以省略。CD两项都是关系副词，在定语从句中通常只作状语，不能做宾语。What不是定语从句的关系词。句义：在士兵面对的很多危险中，也许最大的危险是雾吧！故A正确。
【试题延伸】解答定语从句的关键是分析句子成分，如果定语从句中句子成分很完整就使用关系副词来引导；如果句子缺少主语，宾语，表语或者定语的时候就使用关系代词。同时也要注意一些关系词的特殊用法，尤其是that/as的特殊用法，既要注意普遍性，也要注意特殊性。
【举一反三】That evening, _____ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. when
【答案】B
【解析】这里that evening是先行词，其在定语从句中作介词about的宾语，所以用which。句意：以后我将和你谈起的那个晚上，我工作到了很晚。
七（2014山东卷）10. A company ______profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.
A. which
B. whose
C. who
D. why
【考点】考察定语从句【答案】B
【解析】本题定语从句的先行词是A company,后面的定语从句中名词profits前面缺少定语修饰，所以使用关系代词whose引导起这个定语从句，并在句中做定语。ACD三项通常都不能在定语从句中做定语的。Whose profits相当于the profits of which。句义：一个利润主要
来自国内的公司也许可以开拓国际市场。故B正确。
【试题延伸】定语从句的关系代词中要特别关注：Whose是关系词中唯一的一个可以放在名词前面做定语的关系代词，如果缺少定语，用whose引导定语从句，或是of which the+名词/the+名词+of which。
【举一反三】The prize will go to the writer ________ story shows the most imagination.
A. that
B. which
C. whose
D. what
【答案】C【考点】考查定语从句。
【解析】本题主句中的先行词writer和从句中的主语story有所属关系，译为作者的故事，因此选C。句子的意思是：我们的奖金会留给故事情节最富有想象力的作者。
八（2014陕西卷）13. Please send us all the information _________ you have about the candidate for the position.
A. that
B. which
C. as
D. what
【考点】考察定语从句【答案】A
【解析】本题定语从句的先行词是all the information，后面的定语从句you have about the candidate for the position中动词have后面缺少宾语，所以使用关系代词that/which;当指物的先行词前面有all修饰的时候，要使用关系代词that。关系代词as引导的定语从句的先行词前面提出要有the same等修饰。What不能定语从句的引导词。句义：请把你有的申请这个职位的所有候选人的信息都发给我。故A正确。
【举一反三】The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____are built close to each other.
A. they
B. where
C. what
D. that
【答案】D【考点】此题考察定语从句的引导词。
【解析】关系代词that代替先行词small houses，在从句中作主语。句意为：这座古老的城镇街道狭窄，小房子挨得很近。
九（2014陕西卷）15. ________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. A. Why B. When C. That D. What
【考点】考察名词性从句【答案】B
【解析】本题是名词性从句中的主语从句。句义：被延误的航班何时起飞要取决于天气。Why表示原因，that在名词性从句中不充当成分，也没有意义；What通常要在句中做主语，宾语或者表语。根据句义说明使用when。故B正确。
【举一反三】Scientists study ____ human brains work to make computers.
A. when
B. how
C. that
D. whether
【答案】B【考点】本题考查名词性从句。
【解析】句意为：科学家研究人类大脑是如何工作以制造出电脑的。根据句意，故答案选B。十（2014四川卷）4. I now, we have raised 50.000 pounds for the poor children. ______ is quite unexpected.
A. that
B. which
C. who
D. it
【考点】考察非限制性定语从句
【答案】B
【解析】本句中的关系代词which指代前面主句的内容，引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。That不能引导非限制性定语从句。Who的先行词必须是人，it不能引导定语从句。句意：到现在为止，我们已经为贫穷的孩子募捐到了五万英镑，这一点是完全没有预料到的。故B正确。
【试题延伸】非限制定语从句一般由which引导，可以指代整个句子，也可以指代前句的某一个词，对于此类题平时的学习要多解题，对定语从句和名词性从句的异同及概念都要了如指掌，在解题过程中，对于做错的题目要勤于积累，并加以复习，巩固。
【举一反三】ed came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ______ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.
A. this
B. that
C. what
D. which
【答案】D【考点】考查定语从句。
【解析】分析句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，首先排除A和C；根据空前的逗号可知，该句为非限制性定语扶句，排除B。该从句应用which引导，which在从句中作主语，代指前丽的整个句子。
十一（2014天津卷）12. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, _________ uses it differently.
A. all of which
B. each of which
C. all of them
D. each of them
【考点】考察定语从句【答案】B
【解析】本题是一个定语从句，先行词是several diverse cultures，在定语从句里使用which 指代先行词作为介词of的宾语。排除CD项，这两项并不是定语从句。A项在定语从句中做主语的时候，谓语动词要使用复数形式，本题定语从句中的uses说明A项是错误的。B 项中的each做主语，谓语动词使用单数形式。句义：英语是一个被很多不同的文化共同使
用的语言，每一种语言使用英语的方法都是不一样的。故B正确。
【举一反三】It is reported that two schools, are being built in my hometown, will
A.they both C.both of them D.both of which
〖答案〗D〖考点〗此处考查定语从句
〖解析〗应用关系代词, 因此排除A、C两项；B项中的both应置于are之后, 所以只有D.
十二（2014浙江卷）5. I don’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade, ______ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.
A. when
B. where
C. which
D. why 【考点】考察定语从句【答案】A
【解析】本题定语从句的先行词是the fifth grade，后面定语从句I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree中主谓宾句子结构很完整，所以使用过膝副词来引导定语从句，因为先行词是一个表示时间的名词，所以使用when来引导这个定语从句。直到五年级我才成为一个很认真的攀登者，在那时我登高去拿下一个卡在树枝上的风筝。Where的先行词必须是一个表示地点的名词，why的先行词是the reason,关系代词which在句中做主语，宾语或者表语。故A正确。
【举一反三】Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _______ the audience can buy ice-cream.
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. which
【答案】A【考点】考查定语从句。
【解析】句意：音乐会的两大构成部分中间有幕间休息时间，在这段时间里观众可以去买冰激凌。When引导的定语从句修饰an interval，when在从句中作时间状语。首先解析句子结构，判断从句类型，题干说“在音乐会中间有间歇，此时你可以买冰激凌。”题干的前半部分完整无缺，后半部分补充说明这个间歇你可以干的事，所以这是一个非限定性定语从句，先行词为interval，非限定性定语从句的功能就是对先行词进行补充说明。由于从句部分不缺少主干成分，而且interval表时间，所以正确答案为A．
十三（2014重庆卷）9.We'll reach the sales targets in a month____we set at at the beginning of the year.
A. which
B.where
C. when
D.what
【考点】考察定语从句【答案】A
【解析】本题考察的是定语从句中关系词的选择。本题定语从句的先行词是the sales target, 后面的定语从句中动词set后面缺少宾语，所以使用关系代词which指代先行词，在句中作为动词set的宾语。句意：一个月后我们就将实现年初的时候设定的销售目标。BC两项都是关系副词，它们在句中通常都作为状语。What不是定语从句的关系词。故A正确。
【试题延伸】定语从句是高考从句中必考的语法，在阅读文章中出现的频率也很高。关键在于分析句子结构，定语从句中如果既不缺主语，也不缺宾语和表语，就要考虑是否用关系副词或whose作定语，意为“谁的”。至于如何判断缺不缺主或是宾语，尤其是缺宾语的情况，要将先行词带到定从中谓语动词之后看是否符合逻辑搭配，如符合则缺宾语，如不符合就不缺。
【举一反三】English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ____ uses it somewhat differently.
A. which
B. what
C. them
D. those
【答案】A【考点】考查定语从句。
【解析】本句中的先行词是several diverse cultures，先行词在从句中做each of的宾语，所有应用关系代词which。
定语从句高考真题及答案
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