外研版英语定语从句知识点梳理及经典练习(超详细)
外研版英语定语从句知识点梳理及经典练习(超详细)
一、定语从句
1．Do you know the man saved three pupils in the accident?
A．who B．it C．whom D．whose
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：你认识在事故中救了三个小孩的人吗？定语从句中，先行词指人时，用关系词who（作主语），whom（作宾语），that；先行词指事物时，用关系词
that/which。本题中，先行词the man指人，在从句中作主语，用关系词who ，故选A。【考点定位】考查定语从句。
2．—Tom, where do you work?
—I work in a shop _____ sells different kinds of vegetables.
A．which B．who C．where D．what
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——Tom，你在哪里工作。——我在一家卖各种蔬菜的商店工作。
考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子可知，横线处及后面是定语从句，首先排除D选项，what不能作关系词；空格处缺少主语，副词不能作主语，所以排除C 选项where；在定语从句中，关系代词取决于前面的先行词，先行词是人，关系代词用who或that；先行词如果是物，关系代词应用which或that；本句中根据先行词a shop是物，所以关系词用which，排除B选项；故答案选A。
3．Don’t throw away pens and erasers ________ you haven’t used up.
A．where B．which C．who D．what
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：不要扔掉你还没用完的钢笔和橡皮。考查定语从句引导词。what不引导定语从句，可排除D。where表示地点；which表示事物；who表示人。本句先行词pens and erasers （钢笔和橡皮）是物，需用which引导；根据句意结构和语境，可知选B。
4．We have decided to sell five things ________ we no longer use.
A．that B．where C．who
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意“我们已经决定卖5个我们不再用的东西”。
本题考查定语从句。A.关系代词，指人，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；B.关系副词，表示地点，在从句中作状语；C.关系代词，指人，在从句中作主语和宾语。本句话中，先行词为five things，指物，且在从句中作宾语，用that，故选A。
5．“What are you doing?” “We are talking about the books and writers ___ we like.”
A．that B．which C．who D．whom
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：“你们在做什么？我们在谈论我们喜欢的书籍和作家。”。考查定语从句的引导词用法。本句的定语从句的先行词是book书和writer人，所以关系代词用that，故选A。
【点睛】
定语从句中用that不用which的情况有：1）当先行词是all, everything, something, nothing, anything等不定代词时；2）当先行词前面有序数词或者形容词最高级作定语修饰时；3）先行词既有人也有物时；4）当先行词前面有the very，the only修饰时。
6．—Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth（流浪地球） ?
—Yes. It's the best one I have ever seen.
A．that B．which C．what D．it
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——你看过《流浪地球》这部电影吗？——这是我看到过的电影中最好的一部。
此句考查定语从句的关联词，that/which可以引导定语从句，what，it不能引导定语从句，首先排除C,D；先行词是不定代词one，前面被形容词的最高级best修饰，引导词只能用that不能用which，故答案为A.
【点睛】
引导定语从句的关系代词有：that（指人或物），which（指物），who（指人）。指人时可用that或who，指物时可用that或which，但有时只能用that不能用which。常见的情况有下列五种：
当先行词是all, any, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时。例如：
Is there anything that I can do for you? 有什么可以为你做的吗?
All that can be done must be done.凡是能做的都必须做。
当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如：
That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。
The first thing that we should do is to get some food.我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。
当先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时。例如：
My necklace is not the only thing that's missing.我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。
当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句中引导词用that，不用which或who。以避免重复。例如：
Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat？正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁？
）当先行词既有人又有物时，用that不用which。例如：
The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known.你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。
7．Mr.Brown is a teacher is strict with all is students.
A．which B．who C．where
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意“布朗是一个对所有的学生都严格的老师”。
本题考查定语从句。A.指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；B.指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；C.表示地方，在从句中作地点状语。本句话中先行词为a teacher，指人，在从句中作主语，故选B。
【点睛】
做定语从句的题时，可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词，要先看先行词指人、指物还是既指人又指物。二要看从句中做何种成分，从而做出正确的判断。
8． ---Who is the man _______ was talking to our English teacher?
---Oh! It’s Mr Baker, our maths teacher.
A．he B．that
C．whom D．which
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意:-和我们的英语老师说话的那个人是谁？-哦，是Baker先生，我们的数学老师。根据句意可知，这里考查的是定语从句。he只是一个代词，不能引导从句；which 引导定语从句时，先行词应是物，但是这里的先行词是the man，指的是人；whom引导定语从句时，先行词是人，在定语从句中做宾语，但是现在从句中缺少主语，因此whom也不行。故选that，that 引导定语从句时，先行词可以是人也可以是物，在从句中可以做主语和宾语。
考点：考查关系代词。
9．—What kind of movies do you like?
—I prefer movies _____give me something to think about.
A．which B．who C．what D．when
【答案】A
【解析】
句意：——你喜欢什么种类的电影？——我更喜欢给我一些思考的东西的电影。
A. which关系词，先行词是物；
B. who关系词，先行词指人；
C. what不能引导定语从句；
D. when关系副词，在定语从句中做状语。先行词是movies指物，关系词用which。根据题意，故选A。
10．Tony, tell me the result of the discussion ______ you had with your dad yesterday. A．what B．which C．when D．who
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查定语从句。定语从句先行词the discussion是物，在定语从句you had with your dad yesterday中作had的宾语，故用which引导此定语从句，所以选B。
11．Kids，I hope you’ll remember the good old days____we spent together in junior high though it’s time to say goodbye.
A．who B．what C．which
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：孩子们，虽然到了说再见的时候了，我希望你们将记住那些我们一起在初中度过的美好的旧时光。who关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；what什么，不能引导定语从句；which关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。根据句子结构可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词是the good old days，从句中spent后缺少宾语，应用关系代词which引导，故应选C。
12．﹣ Do you like the weekly talk show，The Readers，on CCTV？
﹣ Sure．It' s a great TV program purpose is to bring the habit of reading back into the public．A．which B．that C．what D．whose
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：﹣﹣你喜欢CCTV的每周脱口秀节目朗读者吗？﹣﹣当然．这是一个很棒的电视节目，其目的是把阅读习惯带回公众．先行词a great TV program，关系词在定语从句中做purpose的定语，故用关系代词whose．故选D．
13．The girl catches the flowers on a wedding will be the next to get married.
A．whom B．which C．who D．whose
【答案】C
考查定语从句的用法。Whom指人，作从句的宾语；which指物，作从句的主语或宾语；who指人，作从句的主语或宾语；whose即指人也指物，作从句的定语，后跟名词。根据动词“catches”可推断关系词作从句的主语，而“the girl”指人，故选C。
14．The only language ____ is easy to learn is mother tongue．
A．which B．that C．/ D．it
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：唯一的容易学的语言就是母语。先行词language在定语从句中作主语，由于它前面有修饰语only，所以只能用关系代词that，不能用which，因此选B。
考点：考查定语从句。
15．When we speak of culture, we mean a way of life_________ a group of people have in common.
A．what B．who C．where D．that
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意：当我们说起文化的时候，我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。考查定语从句的引导词。根据句意：当我们说起文化的时候，我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。逗号后面的句中是含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是 life，表示“物”，用引导词 that，在从句中做宾语。what 不能引导定语从句。先行词是“人”，引导词常用 who。where 在定语从句中做地点状语。故选D。
【点睛】
引导定语从句的关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, whose, who, whom, as；关系副词有when, where, why。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都充当一定的句法成份。关系代词在从句中充当动词的宾语时一般可以省略。
16．The TV play is about a true story ___________ happened in Lijiang in 1998.
A．it B．what C．that D．when
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：这部电视剧讲的是1998年发生在丽江的一个真实故事。考查定语从句引导词。it和what不可引导定语从句，可排除AB两项。when用于先行词指时间时；that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。本句story是物，引导词在从句中做主语，需用连接代词that；根据句意结构，可知选C。
17．-Have you got ready for the soccer game？
-Yes，I've done everything ___________ I can to win the game.
A．who B．that C．which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——你准备好参加足球比赛了吗？——是的，我已经尽我所能来赢得比赛。本题考查定语从句的连接词，who的先行词是人，that的先行词是人或物，which的先行词是物。当先行词是不定代词时，只能用that，不能用which，故答案为B。
【点睛】
引导定语从句的关系代词有：that（指人或物），which（指物），who（指人）。指人时可用that或who，指物时可用that或which，但有时只能用that不能用which。常见的情况有下列五种：
当先行词是all, any, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时。例如：
Is there anything that I can do for you? 有什么可以为你做的吗?
All that can be done must be done.凡是能做的都必须做。
当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如：
That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。
The first thing that we should do is to get some food.我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。
当先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时。例如：
My necklace is not the only thing that's missing.我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。
当王句以who或which开头时，定语从句中引导词用that，不用which或who。以避免重复。例如：
Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat？正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁？
）当先行词既有人又有物时，用that不用which。例如：
The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known.你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。
18．– What kind of musicians do you like?
– I like musicians can write their own lyrics.
A． which B． who C． whom
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：--你喜欢哪类音乐人？—我喜欢那种能自己写词的音乐人。指人，在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词who引导定语从句，故选B。
考点：考查代词的用法。
19．- It’s the best time to visit Lianyungang now.
- This is the best place _____ I have ever visited.
A．where B．that C．which D．when
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：——现在是参观连云港的最佳时间。——这是我去过的最好的地方。考查定语从句。四个选项所示引导词均可引导定语从句，但先行词the best place有最高级best限制，需用that引导，故选B。
20．—Who do you like best in the program Where Are We Going，Dad?
—I'll say Jasper.He is such a cute boy __________ can speak English very well.
A．which B．who C．whose
【答案】B
【解析】
句意“-在《爸爸去哪》中，你最喜欢谁？-我会说是陈胤捷，他是一个能把英语说得很好的聪明的小孩”。根据“n+____+句子”结构可知，本题考查定语从句。A.which指物，在从句中做主语和宾语；B.who指人，在从句中做主语和宾语；C.whose指人或物，在从句中做定语。本题中，先行词the boy指人，且在从句中做主语，故选B。
21．Friends are those ____ make you smile, always open their hearts to you and encourage you to succeed.
A．which B．what C．who
【答案】C
【解析】
句意“朋友是那些让你笑，总是敞开心扉对你以及鼓励你成功的人”。根据“n/pron____+句子”可知，用定语从句，先行词为those，指人，在从句中做主语。A.which指物，在从句中做主语和宾语；B.定语从句中，关系代词无what；C.指人，在从句中做主语和宾语。故选C。
22．Do you know the first man _______ is talking to our teacher ?
A．whom B．who C．that D．which
【答案】C
【解析】
句意：你认识和我们老师谈话的第一个人吗？根据语义可知，本句为限制性定语从句。A. whom关系词，谁，宾格；B. who关系词，谁，主格；C. that关系词，指人或物；D. which 关系词，哪一个。本题中the first man为先行词，关系词使用that。在限制性定语从句中, 当先行词是序数词或前面有序数词修饰时，只能用that。故选C。
23．A graduation ceremony is a custom takes place students graduate from a school. A．which; when B．that; who C．which; whose D．that; which
【答案】A
【解析】
句意：毕业仪式就是当学生们从学校毕业时，举行的一个习惯仪式。结合语境可知前文先行词custom为下文定语从句的逻辑主语，指物，故引导词用that或者which。下文从句内容为前文动作发生的逻辑时间状语，故引导词用when，当……时候，选A。
考点：英语从句
24．I’ll never forget the im portant people in my life _____ helped and supported me.
A．who B．what C．which D．whose
【答案】A
【解析】
句意：我将用不忘记那些在我的生活中帮助我和支持我的重要的人。修饰先行词people的定语从句，缺少主语，故用代词who。故选A。
25．Yesterday Li Ming went to the village ______ his family lived ten years ago.
A．when B．which C．where D．that
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
句意：昨天李明去了他家十年前住的村子。定语从句修饰的先行词是the village，关系词在定语从句中作状语，故where符合题意。答案为C。
26．Carla can’t stand the boy ___ often plays jokes on her in front of the whole class. A．which B．who C．what D．whom
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：Carla无法忍受那个经常在全班面前取笑她的那个男孩。which引导定语从句，修饰事物，作主语或宾语；who引导定语从句修饰人，作主语或宾语；what引导名词性从句，作主语或宾语；whom引导定语从句，修饰人，作宾语。此处先行词boy表示人，在定语从句中作主语，故用who引导定语从句。故选B。
27．Most students like the teachers understand them well.
A．which B．who C．where D．when
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：绝大多数的学生都喜欢能够很好理解他们的老师。分析：考查定语从句的用法，先行词是the teacher,先行词在从句中作主语，因此引导词用who.故选 B
考点：考查定语从句的用法。
28．Wechat（微信） is an invention can help people talk to friends ,share photos ,ideas and feelings.
A．what B．who C．which
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：微信是能帮助人们和朋友交谈，自由地分享照片，想法，感受的一种发明。根据先行词是invention,所以引导词用that，或这which. 故选C。
考点：考查定语从句的用法。
29．— The light in her room is still on. Do you know _______?
— Maybe at midnight again.
A． if she is busy studying
B．what’s she doing
C． why does she stay up so late
D． when she will stop working
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：－她房间里的灯还亮着。你知道她什么时候停止工作吗？－可能又要到午夜。A. if she is busy studying.她是否在忙着学习；B. what’s she doing她在做什么。宾语从句用陈述句语序，错；C. why does she stay up so late她为什么熬夜那么晚。宾语从句用陈述句语序，错；D. when she will stop working她什么时候停止工作。答语：Maybe at midnight again.可能又要到午夜。指的是时间，用when提问。故选D。
考点：考查宾语从句。
30．-1 like to live in a room ___________ is big and bright.
A．that B．where C．how
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：我想住一个又大又明亮的房间。that那；where哪里；how怎么。先行词room在定语从句中作主语，可用关系代词that代替，所以选A。
考点：考查定语从句。
31． Is there anything to you ?
A． that is belong B． that belong
C． that belongs D． which belongs
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：这还有属于你的东西吗？此题考查定语从句，因为是anything是不定代
词，故用that,和固定短语belong to属于。belong是个动词，不能和is连用。还有that作主语，应按第三人称单数处理。根据句意，故选C。
【考点定位】考查定语从句的用法。
32．I really like the family photo ________ we took on my grandpa’s 80th birthday.
A．who B．that C．what D．whose
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：我真的很喜欢爷爷80岁生日时拍的全家福。本题考查定语从句。A. who指代人；B. that既可以指人又可以指物；C. what不能引导定语从句；D. whose指代某人/物的。根据题干可知本句中的先行词是photo，指物，所以B选项that符合题意，故答案选B。
33．–Why are you so worried?
-I’ve lo st the watch ______ my dad bought me on my birthday.
A．what B．who C．whose D．which
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：——你为什么如此担心？——我把那块我生日时爸爸买给我的手表弄丢了。考查定语从句，先行词是watch表示物，故关系代词只能用which或that；what不引导定语从句；who的先行词是人；whose表示所属；故选D。
34．The photos successfully show the rich culture ______makes Shiyan so famous.
A．what B．which C．who D．why
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：这些照片成功地展示了使十堰非常出名的丰富文化氛围。A. what不能作为定语从句的连接词；B. which先行词指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；C. who先行词是人，在定语从句中作主语；D. why引导定语从句时，在句中作原因状语。本句先行词是culture，指物，引导定语从句的关联词只能用which，故答案为B。
【点睛】
在定语从句中，关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1） who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?（who/that在从句中作主语）
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
2） whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换），例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
3） which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如：
Beijing is the place where （in which） I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
35．This is the most beautiful place____I have ever visited.
A．which B．that C．whom D．who
【答案】B
【解析】
句意：这是我参观过的最美的地方。在定语从句中，当先行词由形容词或副词最高级修饰时，从句的引导词应用that。根据语境可知应选B。
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(英语)英语定语从句练习题及解析
（英语）英语定语从句练习题及解析 一、定语从句 1．I hate people talk much but do little. A．whose B．whom C．who 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：我讨厌那些说的多却做的少的人。句中所缺的是定语从句的关系词，先行词是people，指人，而且关系词在从句中做主语，故选C。whose既指人也指物，在从句中做定语；whom指人，在从句中做宾语；which指物，可做主语和宾语。 考点：考查定语从句 2．When we speak of culture, we mean a way of life_________ a group of people have in common. A．what B．who C．where D．that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：当我们说起文化的时候，我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。考查定语从句的引导词。根据句意：当我们说起文化的时候，我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。逗号后面的句中是含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是 life，表示“物”，用引导词 that，在从句中做宾语。what 不能引导定语从句。先行词是“人”，引导词常用 who。where 在定语从句中做地点状语。故选D。 【点睛】 引导定语从句的关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, whose, who, whom, as；关系副词有when, where, why。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都充当一定的句法成份。关系代词在从句中充当动词的宾语时一般可以省略。 3．Linda will never forget the words her father told her. A．that B．who C．where D．what 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：Linda将永远不会忘记她父亲告诉她的这些话。that关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词可以为人或物；who关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词为人；where是关系副词，引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语；what什么，常引导名词性从句，不能引导定语从句。根据句子结构可知，这里是一个定语从句，修饰空前的the words，指物，且在从句中作宾语，故应选A。
英语高三《定语从句》专项练习含答案
题组一基础过关 I.单句语法填空 1. Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, ________, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society. 2. Care of the soul is a gradual process in ________ even the small details of life should be considered. 3. That evening, ________ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. 4. Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths. 5. Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, ________ made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true. 6. The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, ________ he remembers starting as early as his childhood. 7. Finally he reached a lonely island ________ was completely cut off from the outside world. II. 用适当的关系词填空 1. Do you remember the scene ________ Cao Cao and Liu Bei were drinking? 2. I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. 3. I will never forget the days ________ I was taken good care of in that village. 4. Do you know the reason John is so angry? 5. None of us know the reason ________ Tom was absent from the meeting. 6. The reason he explained at the meeting for his absence didn’t make sense. 7. I still remember the night she left the house. 8. However, this was a time one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. 9. Today we have reached a stage we have almost no rights at all. 10. The days are gone physical strength was all you needed to make a living. 题组二能力提升 I．单项填空 ( ) 1.This year’s children’s party, ________ some parents were invited to, was a great success. A.which B.why C.whose D.where ( ) 2.The death of the closest relatives, ________ almost every one of us has experienced, always makes people feel bitter and unbearable. A.which B.who C.as D.the one ( ) 3.—Have you heard any news about Sarah? —Yes, she was promoted to president of her company, ________ surprised everyone.