新理念大学英语学习大厅第二版综合教程二unitE

新理念大学英语学习大

厅第二版综合教程二

u n i t E

Document serial number【UU89WT-UU98YT-UU8CB-UUUT-UUT108】

全新版第二版综合B2U4-E

Part I Listening Comprehension ( 11 minutes )

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear ten statements.

Numbers 1 to 6 are based on Text A while the rest are based on Text B. Each statement will be read ONLY ONCE . Listen carefully and decide whether each statement is true or false.

1

.

A) T B)

F

Script: For the last two years, I have done much of my work as a telecommuter.

正确答案： B

2

.

A) T B)

F

Script: I have spent as long as thirteen weeks alone at home, going out only to get mail and buy newspapers and

groceries.

正确答案： B

3

A) T

.

B) F

Script: I start to feel as though I've become one with my machines, taking data in, spitting them back out, just another link in the Net.

正确答案： A

4

.

A) T B) F

Script: Once you start replacing real human contact with cyber-interaction, coming back out of the cave can be quite difficult.

正确答案： A

5

.

A) T B)

F

Script: I'd realized how important daily routine is: dressing for work, sleeping normal hours.

正确答案： B

6

.

A) T B)

F

Script: I began to understand why long-term unemployment can be so damaging, why life without an externally supported

daily plan can lead to higher rates of drug abuse, crime,

suicide.

正确答案： A

7

.

A) T B)

F

Script: It is the sound of the only lasting disagreement in a household that is otherwise peaceful.

正确答案： A

8

.

A) T B)

F

Script: But on top of that she has lately started spending some two hours in intense communication with a computer.

正确答案： A

9

.

A) T B)

F

Script: The party went on as planned. 正确答案： B

1

.

A) T B) F

Script: Arguing with a daughter is always like that, so annoying.

正确答案： A

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks

with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

The Internet is now playing an (11)_________________ role in the (12)_________________ connection and communication. Letters, telephone calls, telexes, faxes, etc. are no longer the only ways to communicate. Instead, one can

(13)_________________ others by e-mail, net chat, BBS, IRC, MAVEN, CU-SeeMe and so on with the help of the

(14)_________________ . For example, during the period of SARS, students in Beijing had to be sent away from school. As a result, their school education was forced to be

(15)_________________ . However, a new flavor helped solve the problem. Do you know how (16)_________________ the Internet, a new system called "Education On-line" was being carried out. With their PCs at home, students cruised around their school

(17)_________________ merely by (18)_________________ the IP addresses. Here, (19)_________________ lectures, materials, exercises and homework are (20)_________________ on-line. Script: The Internet is now playing an essential role in the interpersonal connection and communication. Letters, telephone calls, telexes, faxes, etc. are no longer the only ways to communicate. Instead, one can have contact with others by e-mail, net chat, BBS, IRC, MAVEN, CU-SeeMe and so on with the help of the Internet. For example, during the period of SARS, students in Beijing had to be sent away from school. As a result, their school education was forced to be cut off. However, a new flavor helped solve the problem. Do you know how Thanks to the Internet, a new system called "Education On-line" was being carried out. With their PCs at home, students cruised around their school websites merely by inputting the IP addresses. Here, sufficient lectures, materials, exercises and homework are available on-line.

Part II Reading Comprehension ( 25 minutes )

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with several blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

I'd never realized how important daily routine is: dressing for work, sleeping normal hours. I'd never thought I relied so much on co-workers for company. I began to understand why long-term unemployment can be so 21 , why life without an externally supported daily plan can 22 to higher rates of drug 23 , crime, suicide.

To 24 balance to my life, I force myself back into the 25 world. I call people, arrange to meet with the few remaining friends who haven't fled New York City. I try to 26 get to the gym, so as to set apart the weekend from the rest of my week. I 27 interviews for stories, doctor's appointments — anything to get me 28 the house and connected with others.

But sometimes being face to face is too much. I see a friend and her ringing laughter is 29 — the noise of conversation in the restaurant, unbearable. I make my excuses

and 30 . I re-enter my apartment and run to the computer as though it were a place of safety.

A) running B) damaging C) flee D) real

E) remain F) abuse G) at least H) understanding

I) intolerable J) out of K) in the

least

L) arrange

M) restore N) guide O) lead

2 1 .________________

______

正确答案： B

2 2 .________________

______

正确答案： O

2 3 .________________

______

正确答案： F

2 4 .________________

______

正确答案： M

2 5 .________________

______

正确答案： D

2 6________________ ______

.

正确答案： G

2 7 .________________

______

正确答案： L

2 8 .________________

______

正确答案： J

2 9 .________________

______

正确答案： I

3 0 .________________

______

正确答案： C

Section B

Directions: There are several passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.

For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and

D). You should decide on the best choice.

Passage One

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

In the 1950s, the pioneers of artificial intelligence (AI) predicted that, by the end of this century, computers would be conversing with us at work and robots would be performing our housework. But as useful as computers are, they're nowhere

close to achieving anything remotely resembling these early aspirations for humanlike behavior. Never mind something as complex as conversation: the most powerful computers struggle

to reliably recognize the shape of an object, the most elementary of tasks for a ten-month-old kid.

The problem, the scientists say, is that AI has been

trying to separate the highest, most abstract levels of thought, like language and mathematics, and to duplicate them with logical, step-by-step programs. A new movement in AI, on the other hand, takes a closer look at the more roundabout way in which nature came up with intelligence. Many of these researchers study evolution and natural adaptation instead of formal logic and conventional computer programs. The results of these early efforts are as promising as they are peculiar, and the new nature-based AI movement is slowly but surely moving to the forefront of the field.

Imitating the brain's neural network is a huge step in the right direction, says computer scientist and biophysicist

Michael Conrad, but it still misses an important aspect of

natural intelligence. "People tend to treat the brain as if it were made up of color-coded transistors," he explains. "But it's not simply a clever network of switches. There are lots of important things going on inside the brain cells themselves."

Right now, the notion that conventional computers and

software are fundamentally incapable of matching the processes that take place in the brain remains controversial. But if it proves true, then the efforts of Conrad and his fellow AI

rebels could turn out to be the only game in town.

3

1

.

The author says that the powerful computers of today ____ . A) are capable of reliably recognizing the shape of an object

B) are close to exhibiting humanlike

behavior

C) are not very different in their

performance from those of the 1950's

D) still cannot communicate with people in a human language

正确答案： D

3

2

.

The new trend in artificial intelligence research stems from _____ . A) the shift of the focus of study on the recognition of the shapes of objects

B) the belief that human intelligence cannot be duplicated with logical, step-by-step programs

C) the aspirations of scientists to duplicate the

intelligence of a ten-month-old child

D) the efforts made by scientists in the study of the

similarities between transistors and brain cells

正确答案： B

3

3

.

Conrad and his group of AI researchers have been making enormous efforts to_____ . A) find a roundabout way to design powerful computers B) build a computer using a clever network of switches

C) find out how intelligence develops in nature

D) separate the highest and most abstract levels of

thought 正确答案： C

3

4

.

What's the author's opinion about the new AI movement A) It has created a sensation among artificial intelligence researchers. B) It's a breakthrough in duplicating human thought

processes.

C) It's more like a peculiar game rather than a real

scientific effort.

D) It may prove to be in the right direction though

nobody is sure of its future prospects.

正确答案： D

3

5

.

Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase “the only game in town” (in A) The only approach to building an artificially intelligent computer.

B) The only way for them to win a prize in artificial

intelligence research.

C) The only area worth studying in computer science.

D) The only game they would like to play in town.

正确答案： A

Passage Two

Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.

It is a devastating prospect. Terrorists electronically break into the computers that control the water supply of a large American city, open and close valves to contaminate the water with untreated sewage or toxic chemicals, and then release it in a devastating flood. As the emergency services struggle to respond, the terrorists strike again, shutting down the telephone network and electrical power grid with just a few mouse clicks. Businesses are paralysed, hospitals are overwhelmed and roads are gridlocked as people try to flee.

This kind of scenario is invoked by doom-mongers who

insist that stepping up physical security since the September 11th attacks is not enough. Road-blocks and soldiers around power stations cannot prevent digital terrorism. "Until we secure our cyber-infrastructure, a few keystrokes and an Internet connection is all one needs to disable the economy and

endanger lives," Lamar Smith, a Texas congressman, told a judiciary committee in February.

It is true that utility companies and other operators of critical infrastructure are increasingly connected to the Internet. But just because an electricity company's customers can pay their bills online, it does not necessarily follow that the company's critical control systems are vulnerable to attack. Control systems are usually kept entirely separate from other systems, for good reason. They tend to be obscure, old-

fashioned systems that are incompatible with Internet

technology anyhow.

On September 18th Richard Clarke, America's cyber-security tsar, unveiled his long-awaited blueprint for securing critical infrastructure from digital attacks. It was a bit of a damp squib, making no firm recommendations and proposing no new regulation or legislation. But its lily-livered approach might, in fact, be the right one. When a risk has been overstated, inaction may be the best policy.

It is difficult to avoid comparisons with the "millennium bug" and the predictions of widespread computer chaos arising from the change of date to the year 2000. Then, as now, the

alarm was sounded by technology vendors and consultants, who stood to gain from scare-mongering. But Ross Anderson, a computer scientist at Cambridge University, prefers to draw an analogy with the environmental lobby.

3

6

.

We learn from the first paragraph that ____________. A) terrorists could plunge a large American city into chaos through electronic attack

B) American people have no experience in dealing

with terrorists C) the computer systems of utility companies are

rather vulnerable

D) the response of emergency services is far from

satisfactory

正确答案： A

3

7

.

Speaking of the doom-mongers, the author implies that_____________. A) their worries are quite reasonable B) their warnings should be taken seriously C) they exaggerate the threat utility

companies are facing

D) they are familiar with the way terrorists

strike

正确答案： C

3

8

.

In the view of Gartner consultant, ___________. A) terrorists may launch another “Pearl Harbor” attack B) terrorists have ample capital and time to prepare a stunning strike

C) it is very costly and time-consuming to attack

critical infrastructure

D) it is unlikely that terrorists would resort to

electronic means to attack critical infrastructure

正确答案： D

3

9

.

"Lily-livered approach" (in Para. 4) probably means an approach characterized by________. A) flexibility B) boldness

C) cowardice

D) conservatism

正确答案： C

4

.

We learn from the last paragraph that__________. A) the computer industry suffered heavy loss due to the "millennium bug"

B) doom-mongers care more about their own

interests than national security

C) computer scientists have better judgment than doom-mongers

D) environmentalists are criticized for their

efforts of protecting environment

正确答案： B

Part III Vocabulary and Structure ( 10 minutes )

Directions: There are a number of incomplete sentences in this

part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.

4

1

. The students, who described details of their sick friend's ________, were soon flooded with 2,000 e-mail replies from doctors in 18 countries.

A) symptoms

B) symbols C) indications

D) status

正确答案： A

4

2

.

Some people spend too much time escaping from reality into the ________ world conjured up on their computer screens. A) false B) untrue

C) virtual

D) vague

正确答案： C

4

3

.

It would be difficult in a developing country to stimulate, organize, and provide for the _______ changing of many practices. A) spontaneous

B) continuous

C) contentious

D) simultaneous

正确答案： D

4

4

.

In many cultures people who were thought to have the ability to _______ dreams were likely to be highly respected. A) interpret B) intervene

C) inherit

D) impart

正确答案： A

4

5

.

Don't be so critical; you have to make _______ for a beginner. A) excuse B) regard

C) account

D) allowance

正确答案： D

4

6

.

The good service at the hotel ______ the poor food to some extent. A) made up for B) made up

C) made for

D) made out

正确答案： A

4

7

.

The ______ as ambassador will be difficult for one with no experience. A) agreement B) consideration

C) appointment

D) dismiss

正确答案： C

4

8

.

With the help of a metal detector, they discovered that wreckage lay ______ over a 2,000-square-feet area, often buried beneath sand and seaweed. A) scattered

B) separated

C) dispersed

D) distributed

正确答案： A

4

9

.

She cooked the meat for a long time so as to make it ______ enough to eat. A) mild B) slight

C) light

D) tender

正确答案： D

5

.

The director was ______ the way we were doing the work. A) critical at B) critical in

C) critical of

D) critical with