考点详解版--高中英语动词时态语态讲解及练习
表格式一般现在时态和语态
2. Jenny (has) a good friend?
3. Brian （not live) in China.
4. Li Ming with me (be) in Beijing.
5. If it （not rain）tomorrow, we will go to the park.
6. Our teacher said that the earth (go)around the sun yesterday.
7.He （help）the old man every week .
8.The old man（help） by him every week.
9.The building (visit) by many people every year.
一一般现在时
（一）定义：主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，
句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等
He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. The earth goes around the sun. Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.
（二）标志词：
always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever，every week (day, year, month…),
once /twice a week, on Sundays,
（三）谓语动词构成：
1 be动词的一般现在时：am is are（"是"，“在”）
2 当谓语动词是行为动词的时候：
（1）当主语不是第三人称单数的时候，一般现在时用行为动词的原形
（2）主语是he,she,it等第三人称单数（除去I,you以外的任何一个单数的名词或者代词），动词要变形加s或es．
（温馨提示：动词变形要符合两个条件：1，主语是三单，2，句子是肯定句）
（四）.基本结构：
1，肯定句：主语+谓语（+其他的）
He loves sports. Jane is an outgoing girl.
（主语He是三单，又是肯定句，所以谓语动词发生变形，加上了s）
Tom and Tim both have medium height.
He has a big mouth. We like the dog very much.
2，否定句：主语+don’t或者doesn’t+动词原形+其他(在be或者后面加上do does) Candy doesn’t do her housework every day. We don’t dance .
He isn’t a worker.
3，一般疑问句：Do (Does)+主语+动词原形+其他？（把be或者do does 提到主语的前面）Does she like English? Yes,she does. No,she doesn’t.
Do you swim in summer? Are you a teacher?
4，特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句Where does Tom come from?
（五) 一般现在时态用法
（1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与这样的时间状语连用：
eg: We always help each other. It often snows in winter. I get up early every morning.
（2）表示主语现在的特征、性格、能力等。
eg: He loves sports. Jane is an outgoing girl. Tom and Tim both have medium height. （3）表示客观、普遍真理
eg: Two and four makes six. Water boils at 100℃The moon moves round the earth。The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China.
（4）表示格言或警句中。Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。
（六）一般现在时态的考点：
考点一：表示永恒真理（结合宾语从句考点）即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。Our teacher said that the earth goes (go)around the sun yesterday.
I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.
考点二：一般现在时态表将来的情况
1.：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词后面用现在时态表将来。
时间状语从句的标志语：
when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day;
条件状语从句的标志语：if, unless, provided.
I will give it to him as soon as I see him tomorrow. 明天我一看见他就交给他。
He will come if you invite him. 如果你请他,他会来的。
Suppose he doesn’t agree，what shall we do?假如他不同意，那怎么办?
I shall do as I please. 我高兴怎么做就怎么做。
He will continue the work no matter what happens.
if he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.
2：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter ＋宾语从句，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.
只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。
See to it that you are not late again. 注意别再迟到了。
3：在the more… the more … (越……越……) 句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句通常用一般现在时, 因为前者相当于条件状语从句
The harder you study, the better results you will get.
4. 表示按计划或时间表将要发生的动作，通常有表示将来的时间状语。
如：The plane takes off at 11:30 and arrives in Shanghai at l:20.
飞机十一点半起飞，一点二十分抵达上海。The meeting begins at 8:00 .
注意：只限于少数动词能这样用，如begin, start, , end, finish, stop, go, come, leave, sail, arrive, return, close, open （一般都是瞬间动词这样用一般现在时表示将来的动作）等。
考点三：以here, there等开始的倒装句，动词多为go，come等，用一般现在时态表示动作正在进行。如：
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. （2006 四川）Look at the timetable .Hurry up! Flight 4026 off at 18:20.
A takes
B took
C will be taken
D has taken (2010 四川)19．If you have a job，_________yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed．A．do devote B．don't devote C．devoting D．not devoting
一专项练习：
1 Jenny ____ in an office. Her parents ____in a hospital.
A work , works
B works, work
C work, are working
D is working, work
2 One of the boys_____ a black hat.
A have
B there is
C there are
D has
3 We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow.
A don't rain
B didn't rain
C doesn't rain
D isn't rain