(完整版)字母发音规则
字母在单词中的读音规则
英语单词的发音涉及:元音,半元音,辅音,字母组合。
元音字母:a e i o u
半元音字母:y
辅音字母:b c d f g h j k l m n p q r s t v w x z
在学习字母发音规律之前,我们可以通过下面这首儿歌大体了解一下单词的构成和认读方法:
“构成单词者,字母或组合,字母分三类,元音半元辅,
辅音有阴阳,音变音不变,五辅音变化,记住月如钩,
剩余十五辅,发音从不变,分解单词时,先组后字母。”
一、辅音字母中的“c,g, q, s, x”发音是有变化的。 1.当字母c在字母“e,i, y”前时,c发/ s / 如face city Lucy,其他情况下字母c 发/k/, 如cake fact cute。 2.当字母g在字母“e,i, y”前时,一般发/d?/如:page magic gyp。其他情况下发/ g /如:goat dog。
3.字母q 不单独出现,和字母u一起连用,qu发/ kw /如: quilt
queen。
4.字母s在元音字母前或后时发/s/,如:sad safe six glass kiss miss;在清辅音后发/s/,如:books shops; 在浊辅音后发/z/,如:
reads rooms。
5.字母x在字母中一般都发/ks/,如:fox box mix fix。
其他15个辅音字母的发音是不变的。发音不变化的辅音字母
的发音规律是:这些字母在不同单词中出现时,所对应的发音不变,
所以只要看到这些字母在单词中出现,就能立刻知道其发音。每个字
母的发音分别
是:b/b/, d/d/ ,f/f/,h/h/, j/ d?/, k/k/, l/l/, m/m/, n/n/, p/p/,r/r/,t/t/,v/v/, w/w/,z/z/。
二、字母y是半元音,在单词开头时发/ j/,如yellow yes yet,在单
词中或结尾时发/a?/,如by type cry try my fly。
三、元音字母的发音:
(一)元音字母A /?//e?/ /ɑ://?:/ /?/ /?/
1. 被辅音字母挤住时发/?/,如单
词:at cat bat hat fat rat bad had sad apple
2. E来帮助说名字/e?/, 如单
词:cake lake make take wake late gate game name same face race
3. 在字母“s”前发/ɑ:/,如单词:class glass pass past ask
4. 在字母l前发/?:/,如单词:also always almost
5. 字母a在非重读音节中发/?/,如单词:ago another arrive
6. /?/ what watch
(二)元音字母E在单词最后不发音,其他情况一般发/e//?//i:/
1.当字母e被辅音字母挤住时发/e/,
如:ten pen hen sent bet get let net dress
2.字母e在单词后不发音(助人为乐)。
3.字母e在非重读音节中发/?/, 如:decide delicious
4. ee/ i: / bee beef see seem seed
(三)元音字母I在单词中的发音:/?/ /a?/
1. 当字母I 被辅音字母挤住时发/?/,
如:pig big him lip sit six fix
did fish swim
2. e来帮助说名字/a?/(字母e来帮忙时,字母I 发它本身的音。)
如:bike like ride nice kite
(四)元音字母o在单词中的发音:/?//??/
1. 被辅音字母挤住时发/?/,如:hot fox box frog dog shop clock stop from doll off
2. e来帮忙说名字/??/,如:stone phone bone broke
(五)元音字母u在单词中的发音:/?//ju:/
1. 被辅音字母挤住时发/?/,如:cup mug sun jug up us
2. e来帮忙说名字/ju:/,如:cute
四、常见字母组合的发音规律。
(一)元音字母组合的读音规律
ar /ɑ:/arm car park far hard card er /?/ brother mother father sister teacher
/?:/ her
or /?:/ work word homework
/?:/ for short north morning ir /?:/ girl bird shirt circle first ur /?:/ hurt purple nurse turn ere /??/ here
/e?/ where there
ee /i:/ see bee tree meet green ai /e?/ wait rain paint
ay /e?/ day play may say okay today
/?/ Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday
oy /??/ soy boy toy
oa /??/ boat coat road
oo /U:/ zoo cool food school noodles moon balloon
afternoon
/?/ book look good foot bedroom ea /i:/ sea meat tea eat east read
/e/ head bread sweater heavy
/e?/ great字母在单词中的读音规则
在小学阶段,学生们并不学习音标,那么怎样在不学习音标的情况下,准确读出单词的发音呢,经研究发现,英文字母在单词中的读音是有规律的,如果我们知道了单词中每个字母的发音,我们就可以做到:不用看音标就可以读出单词的发音。
英语单词的发音涉及:元音,半元音,辅音,字母组合。
元音字母:a e i o u
半元音字母:y
辅音字母:b c d f g h j k l m n p q r s t v w x z
在学习字母发音规律之前,我们可以通过下面这首儿歌大体了解一下单词的构成和认读方法:
“构成单词者,字母或组合,字母分三类,元音半元辅,
辅音有阴阳,音变音不变,五辅音变化,记住月如钩,
剩余十五辅,发音从不变,分解单词时,先组后字母。”
一、辅音字母中的“c,g, q, s, x”发音是有变化的。 1.当字母c在字母“e,i, y”前时,c发/ s / 如face city Lucy,其他情况下字母c 发/k/, 如cake fact cute。 2.当字母g在字母“e,i, y”前时,一般发/d?/如:page magic gyp。其他情况下发/ g /如:goat dog。
3.字母q 不单独出现,和字母u一起连用,qu发/ kw /如: quilt
1/6页
queen。
4.字母s在元音字母前或后时发/s/,如:sad safe six glass kiss miss;在清辅音后发/s/,如:books shops; 在浊辅音后发/z/,如:
reads rooms。
5.字母x在字母中一般都发/ks/,如:fox box mix fix。
其他15个辅音字母的发音是不变的。发音不变化的辅音字母
的发音规律是:这些字母在不同单词中出现时,所对应的发音不变,
所以只要看到这些字母在单词中出现,就能立刻知道其发音。每个字
母的发音分别
是:b/b/, d/d/ ,f/f/,h/h/, j/ d?/, k/k/, l/l/, m/m/, n/n/, p/p/,r/r/,t/t/,v/v/, w/w/,z/z/。
二、字母y是半元音,在单词开头时发/ j/,如yellow yes yet,在单
词中或结尾时发/a?/,如by type cry try my fly。
三、元音字母的发音:
(一)元音字母A /?//e?/ /ɑ://?:/ /?/ /?/
1. 被辅音字母挤住时发/?/,如单
词:at cat bat hat fat rat bad had sad apple
2. E来帮助说名字/e?/, 如单
词:cake lake make take wake late gate game name same face race
3. 在字母“s”前发/ɑ:/,如单词:class glass pass past ask
4. 在字母l前发/?:/,如单词:also always almost
5. 字母a在非重读音节中发/?/,如单词:ago another arrive
2/6页
6. /?/ what watch
(二)元音字母E在单词最后不发音,其他情况一般发/e//?//i:/
1.当字母e被辅音字母挤住时发/e/,
如:ten pen hen sent bet get let net dress
2.字母e在单词后不发音(助人为乐)。
3.字母e在非重读音节中发/?/, 如:decide delicious
4. ee/ i: / bee beef see seem seed
(三)元音字母I在单词中的发音:/?/ /a?/
1. 当字母I 被辅音字母挤住时发/?/,
如:pig big him lip sit six fix
did fish swim
2. e来帮助说名字/a?/(字母e来帮忙时,字母I 发它本身的音。)
如:bike like ride nice kite
(四)元音字母o在单词中的发音:/?//??/
1. 被辅音字母挤住时发/?/,如:hot fox box frog dog shop clock stop from doll off
2. e来帮忙说名字/??/,如:stone phone bone broke
(五)元音字母u在单词中的发音:/?//ju:/
1. 被辅音字母挤住时发/?/,如:cup mug sun jug up us
2. e来帮忙说名字/ju:/,如:cute
四、常见字母组合的发音规律。
3/6页
(一)元音字母组合的读音规律
ar /ɑ:/arm car park far hard card er /?/ brother mother father sister teacher
/?:/ her
or /?:/ work word homework
/?:/ for short north morning ir /?:/ girl bird shirt circle first ur /?:/ hurt purple nurse turn ere /??/ here
/e?/ where there
ee /i:/ see bee tree meet green ai /e?/ wait rain paint
ay /e?/ day play may say okay today
/?/ Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday
oy /??/ soy boy toy
oa /??/ boat coat road
oo /U:/ zoo cool food school noodles moon balloon
afternoon
/?/ book look good foot bedroom ea /i:/ sea meat tea eat east read
/e/ head bread sweater heavy
/e?/ great
4/6页
/??/ theater
ow /a?/ cow how now flower down
/??/ know yellow show snow row window ou /a?/ mouth about south house cloudy
/?/ touch
ui /U:/ fruit juice
/ju:/ suit
air /e?/ fair air hair chair
ear /??/ eat hear near year
/e?/ wear bear pear
/?:/ learn earth
oor /?:/ door floor
our /?:/ four your fourteen
/a?/ our hour sour
al /?:/ tall small ball
(二)辅音字母组合的读音规律
1. ch /t?/ chair chant chicken children rich lunch
2. sh /?/ fish ship shy shoe she short sheep
3. tr /tr/ tree train try trip
4. dr /dr/ drink dragon dress dream drive
5. th /θ/teeth thin thank north south
/e/this that they mother brother with cloth
6. wh /w/ what white where when why
/h/ whose who
7. ng / ?/ sing ring evening morning swimming
8. ck /k/ knock clock black
9. ss /s/ class glass miss grass boss pass 10.ph
/f/ phone phrase photo
11.tch /t?/ watch catch match
/??/ theater
ow /a?/ cow how now flower down
/??/ know yellow show snow row window ou /a?/ mouth about south house cloudy
/?/ touch
ui /U:/ fruit juice
/ju:/ suit
air /e?/ fair air hair chair
ear /??/ eat hear near year
/e?/ wear bear pear
/?:/ learn earth
oor /?:/ door floor
our /?:/ four your fourteen
/a?/ our hour sour
al /?:/ tall small ball
(二)辅音字母组合的读音规律
1. ch /t?/ chair chant chicken children rich lunch
2. sh /?/ fish ship shy shoe she short sheep
3. tr /tr/ tree train try trip
4. dr /dr/ drink dragon dress dream drive
5. th /θ/teeth thin thank north south
/e/this that they mother brother with cloth
6. wh /w/ what white where when why
/h/ whose who
7. ng / ?/ sing ring evening morning swimming
8. ck /k/ knock clock black
9. ss /s/ class glass miss grass boss pass
10.ph /f/ phone phrase photo
11.tch /t?/ watch catch match