2018年高考北京卷英语试题解析(正式版)(解析版)
绝密★启用前
2018年普通高等学校全国招生统一考试（北京卷）
英语
本试卷共16页，共150分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力理解(共三节，30分)
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。
例：What is the man going to read?
A．A newspaper. B．A magazine. C．A book.
答案是A。
1．When will the film start?
A．At 5:00. B．At 6:00. C．At 7:00.
2．Which club will the man join?
A．The film club. B．The travel club. C．The sports club.
3．What was the weather like in the mountains yesterday?
A．Sunny. B．Windy. C．Snowy.
4．What does the man want to cut out of paper?
A．A fish. B．A bird. C．A monkey.
5．Where does the conversation most probably take place?
A．In a library. B．At a bookstore. C．In a museum.
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，15分）
听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6．Why does the woman make the call?
A．To make an invitation.
B．To ask for information.
C．To discuss a holiday plan .
7．How much does the woman need to pay for the minibus?
A．$50. B．$150. C．$350.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8.What are the two sperkers mainly talking about?
A.Electronic waste.
B.Soil pollution.
C.Recyling benefits.
9.What does the woman decide to do with her cell phone in the end?
A.Throw it away.
B.Keep it at home.
C.Sell it to be recycled.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.What is the possible relationship between the two sperkers?
A.Friends.
B.Wife and husband.
C.Business partners.
11.Where does the woman work now?
A.In a school.
B.In a restaurant.
C.In a travel agency.
12.What are the two sperkers going to do?
A.To take a trip.
B.To have a coffee.
C.To attend a meeting.
听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。
13.What has been improved according to the speaker?
A.The train station.
B.The bus service.
C.The parking lot.
14.How does the speaker get to her office today?
A.By bus and on foot.
B.By train and by bus.
C.By train and on foot.
15. Who is the speaker?
A. A reporter.
B. A policeman.
C. A photographer.
第三节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）
听下面一段对话，完成第16至20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个
．．词。听对话前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。
Pick-up Appointment Form
Item（物品） A 16 and some magazines
Destination Overseas to 17
Delivery ?Air □Regular
Time to pick up 5:00 18 afternoon
Packing A medium box
Customer's information Mr. Hudson 19
89 Street,Chicago, 20
Tel:4159786
1-5 CBCBA 6-10 BBACA 11-15 CBACA
16. dictionary 17. Italy 18. Monday/Mon. 19. Acket / ACKET 20. 15374
第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）
第一节单项填空（共15 小题；每小题1 分，共15 分）
从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：It’s so nice to hear from her again, ________, we last met more than thirty years ago.
A. What’s more
B. That’s to say
C. In other words
D. Believe it or not
答案是D。
21. Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ______ easily reach the books on the top shelf.
A. must
B. should
C. can
D. need
【答案】C
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：Samuel，我们班最高的男生，能很轻松地够着书架顶上的书。表示能力，用can。
22. —Peter, please send us postcards ______ we’ll know where you have visited.
—No problem.
A. but
B. or
C. for
D. so
【答案】D
【解析】考查连词。上半句句意：Peter，请给我们寄明信片，因此我们就会知道你们去哪游览过。前后因果关系，用so。
23. Every year, ______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
A. whatever
B. whoever
C. whomever
D. whichever
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态。句意：每年，任何一个做出最漂亮的风筝的人将会在风筝节获奖。_____ makes the most beautiful kite是主语从句，根据意思可知答案。
24. —______ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday?
—Yes. They are happy with it.
A. Did you call
B. Have you called
C. Will you call
D. Were you calling
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态。句意：你昨天有没有给那家公司打电话问问他们对我们的产品感觉怎么样？发生在过去，用过去式，故选A。
25. ______ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.
A. Once
B. If
C. Although
D. Because
【答案】C
26. Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she was heading.
A. why
B. where
C. how
D. when
【答案】B
【解析】考查连词。句意：Jane漫无目的地走在两旁栽树的街道上，不知道她将去往何方，根据句意可知选B。
27. Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ______ their valuable time.
A. save
B. saving
C. to save
D. saved
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多航空公司现在允许乘客网上打印他们的登机牌来节省时间。动词不定式表目的，选C。
28. If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people _______ you figure it out.
A. because
B. though
C. until
D. since
【答案】C
【解析】考查连词。句意：如果你无法理解某个东西，你可能会研究，学习和他人探讨直到你解决为止。根据句意可知选C。
29. In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones _______ yet.
A. haven’t invented
B. haven’t been invented
C. hadn’t invented
D. hadn’t been invented
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态。句意：在美国20世纪50年代的时候，大多数的家庭家里只有一部电话，并且无线电话还根本没有发明出来。根据句意可知用被动语态，排除A和C，事情发生在过去，与现在无关，排除B，故选D。
30. The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _________ from butterflies to elephants.
A. ranging
B. range
C. to range
D. ranged
【答案】A
31. The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
A. that
B. as
C. where
D. when
【答案】A
【解析】考查关系词。句意：我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能就是伟大发明的灵感。此句是定语从句，从句缺少宾语，先行词是problems，用that。
32.Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time _______ with his students.
A. to spend
B. spend
C. spending
D. spent
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：Jim已经退休了，但是他依然记得和学生一起度过的快乐时光。句子已经有谓语了，逻辑主语time和spend之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词。
33.People______better access to health care than they used to, and they’re living longer as a result.
A.will have
B. have
C. had
D. had had
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态。句意：人们有着比过去更好的医疗保险，因此他们更长寿。与过去对比是现在，而且后一句用的就是现在时态，故前面也用现在时态，故选B。
34. If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened.
A. had been put
B. were put
C. should be put
D. would be put
【答案】A
35. Many people who live along the coast make a living _______ fishing industry.
A. at
B. in
C. on
D. by
【答案】B
【解析】考查介词。句意：许多住在海边上的人都是靠渔业来谋生的。此处用介词in。make a living in fishing industry“靠渔业谋生”。
第二节完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1.5 分，共30 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Hannah Taylor is a schoolgirl from Manitoba, Canada. One day, when she was five years old, she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg. They saw a man 36 out of a garbage can. She asked her mother why he did that and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry. Hannah was very 37 .She couldn't understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food. Hannah started to think about how she could 38 ,but,of course, there is not a lot one five-year-old can do to solve(解决)the problem of homelessness.
Later ,when Hannah attended school, she saw another homeless person. It was a woman, 39 an old shopping trolley（购物车）which was piled with 40 . It seemed that everything the woman owned was in them. This made Hannah very sad, and even more 41 to do something. She had been talking to her mother about the lives of homeless people 42 they first saw the homeless man. Her mother told her that if she did something to change the problem that made her sad, she wouldn’t 43 as bad.
Hannah began to speak out about the homelessness in Manitoba and then in other provinces. She hoped to 44 her message of hope and awareness. She started the Ladybug Foudation ,an organization aiming at getting rid of homelessness. She began to 45 “Big Bosses” lunches, where she would try to persuade local business leaders to 46 to the cause. She also organized a fundraising(募捐)drive in “Ladybug Jars” to collect every one`s spare change during “Make Change” month. More recently, the foundation began another 47 called National
Red Scarf Day—a day when people donate $20 and wear red scarves in support of Canada`s 48 and homeless. There is an emergency shelter in Winni peg called “Hannah`s Place”, something that Hannah is very49 of. Hannah`s Place is divided into several areas, providing shelter for people when it is so cold that 50 outdoors can mean death. In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities, she has received a lot of 51 .For example, she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the 52 of young people to change the world. But 53 all this, Hannah still has the 54 life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except that she pays regular visits to homeless people.
Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a 55 in the world. You can,too!
36. A. jumping B. eating C. crying D. waving
37. A. annoyed B. nervous C. ashamed D. upset
38. A. behave B. manage C. help D. work
39. A. pushing B. carrying C. buying D. holding
40. A. goods B. bottles C. foods D. bags
41. A. excited B. determined C. energetic D. grateful
42. A. since B. unless C. although D. as
43. A. sound B. get C. feel D. look
44. A. exchange B. leave C. keep D. spread
45. A. sell B. deliver C. host D. pack
46. A. contribute B. lead C. apply D. agree
47. A. campaign B. trip C. procedure D. trial
48. A. elderly B. hungry C. lonely D. sick
49. A. aware B. afraid C. proud D. sure
50 A. going B. sleeping C. traveling D. playing
51. A. praises B. invitations C. replies D. appointments
52. A. needs B. interests C. dreams D. efforts
53. A. for B. through C. besides D. along
54. A. healthy B. public C. normal D. tough
55. A. choice B. profit C. judgement D. difference
【答案】
36-40 BDCAD 41-45 BACDC 46-50AABCB 51-55ADBCD
【解析】
【语篇解读】本文讲述Hannah Taylor通过自己的努力来建立公益组织筹集资金帮助那些无家可归忍饥挨饿的人。
39.考查动词。A. pushing推；B. carrying 拿；C. buying买；D. holding握。购物车肯定是推着的，故选A。
40.考查名词。A. goods 货物；B. bottles瓶子；C. foods 食物；D. bags包。车上堆满了包，选D。
41.考查形容词。A. excited 激动的；B. determined下决心的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. grateful感激的。她更加下定决心做些事帮助这些人，故选B。
42.考查连词。A. since 自从；B. unless除非；C. although尽管；D. as因为。此处是指自从他们第一次看到无家可归的人，选A。
43.考查动词。A. sound 听；B. get获得；C. feel感觉；D. look看。她就不会和以前一样感觉那么糟糕了，故选C。
44.考查动词。A. exchange交换；B. leave 离开；C. keep 保持；D. spread传播。她希望她的希望和意识的信息能够传播开来。故选D。
45.考查动词。由语境可知她希望信息能够传播开来。spread传播。
46.考查动词。A. contribute 贡献，捐献；B. lead领导；C. apply 申请，应用；D. agree同意。她试图劝说那些领导能为这个事业做出奉献，选A。
47.考查名词。A. campaign 运动；B. trip 旅行；C. procedure过程；D. trial实验。此处指又一项运动，故选A。
48.考查形容词。A. elderly 年纪大的；B. hungry饥饿的；C. lonely孤独的；D. sick生病的。此处是指为那些饥饿的人和无家可归的人，选B。
49.考查形容词。A. aware意识的；B. afraid害怕的；C. proud骄傲的；D. sure肯定的。此处是指Hannah非常骄傲的东西，故选C。
50.考查动词。A. going 去；B. sleeping睡； C. traveling旅行；D. playing玩。当天冷到在室外睡觉就意味着死的时候，故选B。
51.考查名词。A. praises赞美；B. invitations邀请；C. replies回复；D. appointments约会。她收到了很多的赞美。因为下文有这方面的举例，答案为A。
第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）
第一节（共15 小题；每小题 2 分，共30 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm, Eighth-grader Taylor Bisbee shivered(发抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The two did n’t know each other well —Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before.
Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground,“Paris’s eye rolled back,” Taylor says. “She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.”
It certainly was, Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without immediate medical care, Paris would die. At first no one moved. The girls were in shock. Then the softball coach shouted out, “Does anyone know CPR?”
CPR is a life-saving technique. To do CPR, you press on the sick person’s c hest so that blood moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen the brain is damaging quickly.
Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before. Still, she hesitated. She didn’t think she knew it well enough. But when no on e else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR, “It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death,” says Taylor.
Taylor’s swift action helped her teammates calm down. One girl called 911. Two more ran to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic devices(器械) that can shock the heart back into work. Luck stayed with them: Paris’ heartbeat returned.
“I know I was really lucky,” Paris says now. “Most people don’t survive this. My team saved my life.”
Experts say Paris is right: For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.
Today, Paris is back on the softball team. Taylor will apply to college soon. She wants to be a nurse. “I feel more co nfident in my actions now,” Taylor says. “I know I can act under pressure in a scary situation.”
56.What happened to Paris on a March day?
A. She caught a bad cold.
B. She had a sudden heart problem.
C. She was knocked down by a ball.
D. She shivered terribly during practice
57.Why does Paris say she was lucky?
A. She made a worthy friend.
B. She recovered from shock.
C. She received immediate CPR.
D. She came back on the softball team.
58.Which of the following words can best describe Taylor?
A. Enthusiastic and kind.
B. Courageous and calm.
C. Cooperative and generous.
D. Ambitious and professional.
【答案】56 B 57 C 58 B
【解析】
【语篇解读】讲述Taylor Bisbee通过及时的CPR挽救了一位学生的生命。
56.根据文章第三段It certainly was, Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure.可知答案为B。
57. 根据倒数第三段“Most people don’t survive this. My team saved my life”可知她被别人通过心脏复苏救了回来，因此很幸运，选C。
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Every month the magazine introduces a fresh new topic with articles, experiments
and creative things to make — the magazine also explores philosophy and wellbeing to make sure young readers have a balanced take on life.
58.通过她救Paris这件事可知她很勇敢，很镇静，不慌不忙，故选B。
B
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59. Why is TOKNOW a special magazine?
A. It entertains young parents.
B. It provides serious advertisements.
C. It publishes popular science fictions.
D. It combines fun with complex concepts.
60. What does TOKNOW offer its readers?
A. Online courses.
B. Articles on new topics.
C. Lectures on a balanced life.
D. Reports on scientific discoveries.
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A. ￡55.
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C. membership of the TOKNOW club
D. chances to meet the experts in person
【答案】59.D 60.B 61.D 62.B
C
Measles(麻疹), which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even more, was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use of the MMR vaccine(疫苗). But the disease is making a comeback, caused by a growing anti-vaccine movement and misinformation that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles cases have been reported in the USA, compared with 189 for all of last year.
The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccination rates are very high, as they still are in the nation as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called “herd immunity”, which protects the people who get hurt easily, including those who can’t be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too
young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn’t work.
But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride, immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger.
That’s exactly w hat is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-old caused an outbreak last year.
The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make others suffer.
Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out(决定不参加) of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering zxxk kindergarten. Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption （豁免), sometimes just by signing a paper saying they personally object to a vaccine.
Now, several states are moving to tighten laws by adding new regulations for opting out. But no one does enough to limit exemptions.
Parents ought to be able to opt out only for limited medical or religious reasons. But personal opinions? Not good enough. Everyone enjoys the life-saving benefits vaccines provide, but they’ll exist only as long as e veryone shares in the risks.
63．The first two paragraphs suggest that ____________.
A．a small number of measles cases can start a dangerous trend
B．the outbreak of measles attracts the public attention
C．anti-vaccine movement has its medical reasons
D．information about measles spreads quickly
64．Herd immunity works well when ____________.
A．exemptions are allowed
B．several vaccines are used together
C．the whole neighborhood is involved in
D．new regulations are added to the state laws
65．What is the main reason for the comeback of measles?
A．The overuse of vaccine.
B．The lack of medical care.
C．The features of measles itself.
D．The vaccine opt-outs of some people.
66．What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To introduce the idea of exemption.
B．To discuss methods to cure measles.
C．To stress the importance of vaccination.
D．To appeal for equal rights in medical treatment.
【答案】63 A 64 C 65 D 66 C
D
Hollywood’s theory that machines with evil(邪恶) minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly. The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI) may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want. In 1960 a well-known mathematician Norbert Wiener, who founded the field of cybernetics（控制论）, put it this way: “If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire.”
A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence. For the machine, this quality is not in-born, nor is it something introduced by humans; it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead. So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task. If we are not careful, then, we
could face a kind of global chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines whose objectives conflict with our own, with the real world as the chessboard.
The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should concentrate the minds of computer scientists. Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world. Unfortunately, that plan seems unlikely to work: we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines.
Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy. There are probably decades in which to plan for the arrival of super intelligent machines. But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand, as it has been by some AI researchers. Some argue that humans and machines can coexist as long as they work in teams—yet that is not possible unless machines share the goals of humans. Others say we can just “switch them off” as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that possibility. Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen. On September 11, 1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence, “Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is talking moonshine.” However, on September 12, 1933, physicist Leo Szilard invented the neutron-induced(中子诱导) nuclear chain reaction.
67. Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may .
A. run out of human control
B. satisfy human’s real desires
C. command armies of killer robots
D. work faster than a mathematician
68. Machines with specific purposes are associated with living things partly because they might be able
to .
A. prevent themselves from being destroyed
B achieve their original goals independently
C. do anything successfully with given orders
D. beat humans in international chess matches
69. According to some researchers, we can use firewalls to .
A. help super intelligent machines work better
B. be secure against evil human beings
C. keep machines from being harmed
D. avoid robots’ affect ing the world
70. What does the author think of the safety problem of super intelligent machines?
A. It will disappear with the development of AI.
B. It will get worse with human interference.
C. It will be solved but with difficulty.
D. It will stay for a decade.
【答案】67 A 68 A 69 D 70 C
【解析】
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了人工智能。
69.根据第三段using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them to affect the real world.可知不要让他们影响现实世界，故选D。
70.根据最后一段Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be possible but not easy. 可知作者认为可以解决但是很困难，选C。
第二节（共5 小题；每小题 2 分，共10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 71
One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. 72 We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.
Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons(神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day. 73 Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. 74 The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between
neurons weaken while sleeping.
If Tononi’s theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night`s, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information — our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.
Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. 75 “You keep what matters,” Tononi says.
A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.
B. It’s as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.
C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.
D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.
E. That’s why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.
F. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.
G. Tononi’s team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.
【答案】71C 72E 73F 74G 75B
【解析】
【语篇解读】本文讲述了睡眠的重要性。
73.根据下文中的he，可知此处要提到一个人，以及他的理论故选F。
74.根据下文中提到的关键词synapses in the mice可知，他肯定做了老鼠的实验，答案为G。
75.根据后一句提到的Y ou keep what matters,你记住重要的东西，可知大脑会把最重要的记忆保存下来，故选B。第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35 分）
第一节（15分）
你的英国朋友Jim所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行，有两条线路可以选择：“长江之行”或者“泰山之旅”。Jim来信希望你能给些建议。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1.你建议的线路；
2.你的理由；
3.你的祝愿。
注意：1.词数不少于50；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Jim,
I’m happy receive your letter and know you’re coming to China.
Of the two trips to the Yangtze River and Mount Tai, both are highly recommended. Personally, I prefer the tour along the Yangtze, the longest river and one of the mother rivers of Chinese civilization. You can learn a lot about the history of China and Chinese people. Moreover, the scenery along the river is amazing, with many well-known sightseeing spots. That’s why I think the trip along the Yangtze will be a better choice.
Hope you’ll have a good time in China.
Yours
Li Hua
第二节（20 分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记录毕业前夕你们制作以“感恩母校”为主题的毕业纪念视频的全过程。
注意：词数不少于60。
提示词：视频video
【答案】
Graduation finally came. My classmates and I decided to do something. After a heated discussion, we agreed on making a video to record our experiences at school.
Material collecting took us a whole week, during which we interviewed our teachers and took pictures of every aspect of school life. The editing part after that was tough. We debated over what to put into the video. Some compromises were unavoidable, but the video turned out perfect. Several days later, when the video was played on the graduation ceremony, it was well received. The students and teachers shared a great time. That surely gave us a great sense of achievement.
2018年北京高考英语试卷与答案
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语(北京卷) 第一部分 : 知识运用 ( 共两节 ,45 分 ) 第一节单项填空 ( 共15小题 ; 每小题 1分, 共15分) 从每题所给的 A、 B、 C、D四个选中 , 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上 : 将该项涂黑。 例： it's so nice to hear from her again ＿＿， we last met more than thirty years ago. A. what's more B. That ’s to say C. In other words D. Believe it or not 答案是 D。 1. -Hi, I'm Peter. Are you new here? I haven't seen you around？ -Hello, Peter. I'm Bob. I just＿＿on Monday. A.start B.have started C.started D.had started 2.＿＿we don't stop climate change, manyanimals and plants in the world will be gone. A.Although B.While C.If D.Until
3.＿＿ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience A. Travel B. Traveling C. Having traveled D. Traveled 4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and＿＿as a volunteer in the neighborhood. when I visited her last year A. is working B. was working C. has worked D. had worked 5.She and her family bicycle to work, helps them keep fit A. which B. who C.as D. that 6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather ＿＿ a meal, together admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes. A.share B.to share C.having shared D.shared 7.China's high-speed railways from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the pastfew years.
2018年高考英语真题(新课标全国一卷)有答案
绝密★启用前 2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标全国I卷) 英语 （考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡ 19. 15. B. ￡ 9. 18. C. ￡ 9. 15. 答案是C。 1.what will James do tomorrow ? A.Watch a TV program. B.Give a talk. C.Write a report. 2.What can we say about the woman? A.She's generour. B.She's curious. C.She's helpful. 3.When does the traif leave?https://www.360docs.net/doc/9614354121.html, A.At 6:30. B.At8:30. C.At 10:30. 4.How does the wonar sRwr?m A.By car. B.On foot. C.By bike 5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Classmates. B.Teacher and student. C.Doctor and patient. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.What does the woman regret? A.Giving up her research. B.Dropping out of college. C.Changiny her major.
(完整版)《2018年高考真题解析版—英语(天津卷)解析版》
2018年天津市高考英语试卷真题权威解读 总体评价：2018年天津高考英语试卷相比2017年高考英语题目总体难度稳中有降。体现在以下两个方面： 试卷整体词汇难度适当。相比2009。2017年的试卷，2018年英语试卷词汇方面的考察范围更为“亲民”，避免了一些偏词怪词和生僻词汇的出现，与难词直接关联的题目也较前两年大为减少。 试卷整体安排基本符合高考主流，考生易于把握考试节奏。只要是反复做过以前天津高考英语试卷的同学不难感觉到今年的题目中规中矩，特别是在主观题目的考察上非常符合天津卷以往的风格和考察习惯。 因此，2018年的准考生还是应该加强对基础知识和基础词汇的把握，这样才能保证自己在考试时候立于不败之地。 一、单项填空 (1*10=15分> 2017年的考试中出了7道语法题，2道情景交际，6道词汇。 2018年的考试中出了8道语法题，1道情景交际，6道词汇。 语法和词汇考察的都是传统考点。非谓语动词，时态，从句，情态动词和虚拟语气近几年来一直占据着天津高考语法考察的前列，请2018年参加天津高考的同学要特别注意。平时加强对真题的经常考点反复练习，一定可以在考试时候有的放矢。也希望2018年的考生能够主次分明，对常考点加以练习。对于一些常出现的短语加以区分。 1、IT充当形式宾语。 2、语境中短语的应用。快点 3、现在完成时被动语态的考察 4、将来完成时的考察，从NEXT---FOR 确定语法。 5、让步状语的考察，从NEVER推断逻辑语义。 6、金融英语“开账户”的短语为OPEN AN ACCOUNT. 7、非谓语动词的被动语态。BE PERMITTED/ALLOWED TO DO STH被允许干某事。 8、语境中的短语考察。“遇到”英语表达为COME ACROSS=HAPPEN TO MEET 9、取而代之，转折连词。 10、时间状语从句的考察 11、语境中的介词搭配。ABOVE AVERAGE对应“好学生”。 12、过去分词表示被动。 13、名词性从句的考察，本题是That引导同位语从句。 14、语境中的逻辑与短语选用，何必费事劳神呢？从玛丽很感兴趣可以推断没必要登广告 找合租。 15、虚拟语气。表示与过去事实相反的假设。 二、完型填空：“致母亲一个爱的音符” (1.5*20=30分> 2018年出题人在完形填空上没有在词汇上难为考生，主要考察的是大家对上下文线索的把握和对文章整体理解的能力。希望学生能够一方面对文章整体有个大体把握的同时，还需要注意前后文上下文关联词的关系，可以通过这种方法及时发现并且改正自己做题目时候不正确的地方~同时对于完形填空的选项词，根据历年经验来看，重复性还是蛮强的。所以希望今后参加高考的学生能够把这些反复出现的单词和这些单词的意思要加以理解加以记忆~一定对考试有很大帮助！ 解题技巧：理解全文主体、中心思想与语义逻辑、瞻前顾后选词达意、短语搭配、起承转合、全文整体逻辑大意匹配。
2018年高考北京卷生物试题及答案
2018年高考生物试题北京卷 1．细胞膜的选择透过性保证了细胞内相对稳定的微环境。下列物质中，以（自由）扩散方式通过细胞膜的是 A．Na+B．二氧化碳C．RNA D．胰岛素 2．哺乳动物肝细胞的代谢活动十分旺盛，下列细胞结构与对应功能表述有误 ．．的是A．细胞核：遗传物质储存与基因转录B．线粒体：丙酮酸氧化与ATP合成 C．高尔基体：分泌蛋白的合成与加工D．溶酶体：降解失去功能的细胞组分 3．光反应在叶绿体类囊体上进行。在适宜条件下，向类囊体悬液中加入氧化还原指示剂DCIP，照光后DCIP由蓝色逐渐变为无色。该反应过程中 A．需要ATP提供能量B．DCIP被氧化 C．不需要光合色素参与D．会产生氧气 4．以下高中生物学实验中，操作不正确 ．．．的是 A．在制作果酒的实验中，将葡萄汁液装满整个发酵装置 B．鉴定DNA时，将粗提产物与二苯胺混合后进行沸水浴 C．用苏丹Ⅲ染液染色，观察花生子叶细胞中的脂肪滴（颗粒） D．用龙胆紫染液染色，观察洋葱根尖分生区细胞中的染色体 5．用Xho I和Sal I两种限制性核酸内切酶分别处理同一DNA片段，酶切位点及酶切产物分 离结果如图。以下叙述不正确 ．．．的是 A．图1中两种酶识别的核苷酸序列不同 B．图2中酶切产物可用于构建重组DNA C．泳道①中是用Sal I处理得到的酶切产物 D．图中被酶切的DNA片段是单链DNA
29．（17分） 癌症是当前严重危害人类健康的重大疾病。研究人员利用与癌细胞在某些方面具有相似性的诱导多能干细胞（iPSC）进行了抗肿瘤的免疫学研究。 （1）癌细胞具有无限的特点。当体内出现癌细胞时，可激发机体的系统发挥清除作用。 （2）研究人员进行的系列实验如下： 免疫组小鼠：每周注射1次含失去增殖活性的iPSC悬液，连续4周； 空白组小鼠：每周注射1次不含失去增殖活性的iPSC的缓冲液，连续4周。 实验一：取免疫组和空白组小鼠的血清分别与iPSC、DB7（一种癌细胞）和MEF（一种正常体细胞）混合，检测三种细胞与血清中抗体的结合率，结果见下表。 ①比较表中iPSC与两组小鼠血清作用的结果可知，免疫组的数值明显空白 组的数值，说明iPSC刺激小鼠产生了特异性抗体。 ②表中DB7和iPSC与免疫组小鼠血清作用后的检测数据无明显差异，说明DB7 有。 ③综合表中全部数据，实验结果表明。 实验二：给免疫组和空白组小鼠皮下注射DB7，一周后皮下形成肿瘤。随后空白组小鼠肿瘤体积逐渐增大，免疫组小鼠肿瘤体积逐渐缩小。由此推测：iPSC还 能刺激机体产生特异性抗肿瘤的免疫。 （3）研究人员另取小鼠进行实验，验证了上述推测。下图为实验组的实验过程及结果示意图。请在下图中选择A或B填入④处，从C～F中选择字母填入①～③处。 （4）该系列研究潜在的应用前景是iPSC可以用于。 30．（17分） 水稻是我国最重要的粮食作物。稻瘟病是由稻瘟病菌（Mp）侵染水稻引起的病害，严重危害我国粮食生产安全。与使用农药相比，抗稻瘟病基因的利用是控制稻瘟病更加有效、安全和经济的措施。 （1）水稻对Mp表现出的抗病与感病为一对相对。为判断某抗病水稻是否为纯合子，可通过观察自交子代来确定。
2020-2020北京高考英语作文及范文汇编
爽爽文档汇编之 2014?2018北京高考英语作文及范文汇编 【2018年】第三部分:书而表达（共两节,35分）第一节（15分） 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华,你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他 对中国文化感兴趣，计划明年来北京上大学。他向你咨询相关信息。请给他回邮件，内容包括: I.表示欢迎；2.推荐他上哪所大学；3.建议他做哪些准备工作。 注意：1.词数不少于50：2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jin], Yours II Hua 【范例】Dear Jim. Fm so glad to hear your future education plan in Beijing in your last letter. First I would like to express my warmest welcome to you and I am sure you will have the most unforgettable experience during your college in Beijing. Learning your keen interest in Chinese culture, I suggest you apply for Peking University, one of the best universities in China. Its Chinese Literature major is perfect for you where you can be completely soaked in Chinese profound history and rich culture. As for preparatioiL some reading in advance in needed like The Story of the Stone while some online courses of spoken Chinese can be helpful for you to adapt into the Chinese language environment. I smeerely hope your dream will come true and it's my pleasure to show you around in Beijing when tliat day comes. If you have further questions, please feel free to let me know. Yours, Li Hua 第二节（20分） 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记,记述你们上周接待外国学生，带领他们体验中国茶文化的全过程.注意:词数不少于60。
《2018年高考真题解析版—政治(江苏卷)解析版》
2018年高考江苏卷政治试卷参考答案及解读 一、单选选择题：本大题共33小题，每小题2分，共计66分。在每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项是最符合题意的。 1.2018年3月14日，第十一届全国人民代表大会第四次会议批准了《中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第十二个五年规划纲要》。纲要指出，今后五年加快转变经济发展方式的根本出发点和落脚点是Db5E2RGbCAP A.经济结构战略性调整 B.科技进步和创新 C.建设资源节约型社会 D.保障和改善民生 2.2017年5月，胡锦涛在新疆工作座谈会上指出，到2018年新疆人均地区生产总值将达到全国平均水平，城乡居民收入和人均基本公共服务能力达到西部地区平均水平，到2020年基本消除 Bp1EanqFDPw A.青壮年文盲 B.绝对贫困 C.城乡差距 D.地区差距 3.2017年6月18日，我国第三个国家级新区、内陆唯一国家级新区—“两江新区”挂牌成立。该新区位于ADXDiTa9E3d A.重庆 B.武汉 C.成都 D.南昌 4.2017年11月16日，我国申报并被联合国教科文组织列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录的是《京剧》和CRTCrpUDGiT A.《中国书法》 B.《中华武术》 C.《中医针灸》 D.《中国剪纸》 5.2017年11月28日，欧盟成员国财政部长决定，和某国际组织一道向爱尔兰提供850亿欧元的资金支持，帮助其应对债务危机并遏制危机蔓延。该国际组织是A5PCzVD7HxA A.国际货币基金组织 B.世界贸易组织 C.亚太经济合作组织 D.世界银行 6.2018年3月初，联合国粮农组织发布的2月份全球食品价格指数创历史新高。影响此次世界粮食价格上涨的供给因素是AjLBHrnAILg A.一些粮食主产国遭受自然灾害 B.世界经济开始逐步复苏 C.国际贸易保护主义抬头 D.发达国际宽松的货币政策 7.某公司向计算机个人用户提供免费的安全和杀毒服务，占据了国内网络安全软件市场的半壁江山。该公司的产品和服务之所以免费提供，是因为其提供的产品与服务xHAQX74J0X A.属于公共物品 B.价值通过其他形式实现 C.使用价值不大 D.未用于交换而没有价值 解读:公司是以获取利润为经营目的的，所以，它们提供的产品和服务之所以免费，是因为这些产品和服务的价值可以通过其他形式
2018年北京高考文综地理试题及答案
绝密★本科目考试启用前 2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 文科综合能力测试（北京卷） 本试卷共16页，共300分，考试时长150分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分（选择题共140分） 本部分共35小题，每小题4分，共140分。在每小题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。 2018年4月，川藏铁路成都至雅安段开始铺轨。读图1，回答第1-3题。 1．与成都相比，拉萨 A．日出早白昼长B．正午太阳高度角小 C．海拔高，日照强D．大气逆辐射强 2．图示区域 A．地处板块的生长边界B．河流的流向自西向东 C．自然景观为高寒荒漠D．跨地势第一、二级阶梯 3．川藏铁路开通后，能够 ①缓解青藏铁路运输压力②改善西藏物资供应 ③消除区域内灾害的影响④促进地域文化交流 A．①②③B．①②④C．①③④D．②③④ 图2为地的地质平面示意图，读图，回答第4题。
4．图中 A．甲处的物质主要来源于地壳B．断层发生在花岗岩形成之后C．岩浆侵入可能导致乙处岩石变质D．丙处的溶洞景观由岩浆活动造成读图3，回答第5题。 5．四个大洲中， A．甲地形复杂多样，中低产田多，农业生产技术落后 B．乙平原广，高纬地区受寒流影响强，港口封冻期长 C．丙纬度跨度大，地形中部高四周低，是水稻主产区 D．丁为高原大陆，人口自然增长率低，城市化水平高 图4为北半球某日02时海平面气压分布图（单位:百帕），读图，回答第6、7题。
6．据图推断 A．北京风速大，风向偏东南B．甲地可能出现强降水天气 C．极地气温低，气压值最高D．热带太平洋洋面生成台风 7．依据气压分布，该日最接近 A．冬至B．小满C．夏至D．立秋 随着汽车等工业产品的废弃量增加，主要利用废钢冶炼的电炉炼钢技术日渐普及。图5示意国外某流域的钢铁厂分布，读图，回答第8题。 8．甲、乙两类钢铁厂在区位选择上均靠近 ①铁矿②大城市③交通线路④钢铁消费量 A．①②B．③④C．①③D．②④ 在乡村振兴计划中某行政村拟修建的村史馆和培训中心分别位于该村西南部和东北部。该村东西宽2千米，南北长1千米，主干道从南向北穿过河流自东向西流经该村。读图6，回答第9题。
2018 高考英语北京卷 答案解析版
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷） 英语 本试卷共14页，共120分。考试时长100分钟。 考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分） 第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分） 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：It’s so nice to hear from her again. _________, we last met mor e than thirty years ago. A. What’s more B. That’s to say C. In other words D. Believe it or not 答案是D。 1. —Hi, I’m Peter. Are you new here? I haven’t seen you around. —Hello, Peter. I’m Bob. I just _________ on Monday. A. start B. have started C. started D. had started 【答案】C 【解析】 考查时态。句意：——嗨，我是彼得。你是新来的吗？我没有在附近见过你。——你好，彼得。我是鲍勃。我周一刚刚开始住在这儿。根据两人谈话内容可知，Bob现在在这儿，他开始(start)住在这儿是发生在周一的事情，周一是一个过去的时间，故该句应用一般过去时态，C选项正确。 2. _________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone. A. Although B. While C. If D. Until 【答案】C 【解析】 考查状语从句。句意：如果我们不阻止气候变化，那么世界上的很多动植物都将会消失。动植物不灭绝的前提条件是阻止气候变化。although尽管；while当……时候，尽管，然而；if如果；until直到。故C选项正确。
2018年高考真题江苏卷语文Word版含解析
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 语文I试题 一、语言文字运用 1. 在下面一段话的空缺处依次填入词语，最恰当的一组是 中国古代的儒家经典，莫不是古圣人深思熟虑、的结晶。如果把经典仅仅当作一场的说教，那你永远进不了圣学大门。必得躬亲实践，才能切实摇圣人的心得，如此我们的修为才能日有所进。 A. 特立独行耳提面命顿悟 B. 特立独行耳濡目染领悟 C. 身体力行耳提面命领悟 D. 身体力行耳濡目染顿悟 【答案】C ..................... 点睛：对于词语题，第一、要辨析词义，包括词语的语义侧重点、词语的词义轻重、词义范围的大小等，切忌望文生义。第二，要辨析感情，明确词语的感情色彩，是褒义，还是贬义。第三，要辨析用法，包括搭配习惯、语法功能、使用对象等方面。解答词语题，（1）逐字解释词语，把握大意；（2）注意词语潜在的感情色彩和语体色彩；（3）要注意词语使用范围，搭配的对象；（4）弄清所用词语的前后语境，尽可能找出句中相关联的信息；（5）从修饰与被修饰关系上分析，看修饰成分跟中心词之间是否存在前后语义矛盾或者前后语义重复的现象。 2. 在下面一段文字横线处填入语句，衔接最恰当的一项是 “理性经济人”，把利己看作人的天性，只追求个人利益的最大化，这是西方经济学的基本
假设之一。，。，，，，更倾向于暂时获得产品或服务，或与他人分享产品或服务。使用但不占有，是分享经济最简洁的表述。 ①反而更多地采取一种合作分享的思维方式 ②不再注重购买、拥有产品或服务 ③但在分享经济这一催化剂的作用下 ④人们不再把所有权看作获得产品的最佳方式 ⑤在新兴的互联网平台上 ⑥这个利己主义的假设发生了变化 A. ③⑥⑤①④② B. ③⑥⑤④②① C. ⑤⑥③①④② D. ⑤⑥③④②① 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：此类型题首先要通读语段，了解句意，注意上下句的衔接、呼应，做到话题统一，句序合理，衔接和呼应自然。要加强对语境的分析与体会。本语段谈的是分享经济，语段第一句谈的是理性经济，追求的是个人经济最大化，是西方经济学的基本假设之一，是利己主义的假设，它要向分享经济转变必须有条件，即③⑥排在前面，所以排除C、D项。根据“不再……”语境推，②紧承④，而横线后面的内容“更……”又紧承①，所以排除A 项，选B项。 3. 下列诗句与所描绘的古代体育活动，对应全部正确的一项是 ①乐手无踪洞箫吹，精灵盘丝任翻飞。②雾縠云绡妙剪裁，好风相送上瑶台。 ③浪设机关何所益，仅存边角未为雄。④来疑神女从云下，去似姮娥到月边。 A. ①下围棋②荡秋千③抖空竹④放风筝 B. ①抖空竹②荡秋千③下围棋④放风筝 C. ①下围棋②放风筝③抖空竹④荡秋千 D. ①抖空竹②放风筝③下围棋④荡秋千 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：本题考查对诗句中意境的感悟能力。“乐手无踪洞箫吹，精灵盘丝任翻飞”，出自曹植的《空竹赋》，所以对应的应该是“抖空竹”，排除A、C项。“雾毂云销妙剪裁，好风相送上瑶台”出自清代诗人杨仲愈《美人风筝》，从“妙剪裁”“好风相送”中也可以推断出是“放风筝”，所以排除C项，选D项。当然“浪设机关何所益，仅存边角未为雄”，也符合“下围棋”意境，“来疑神女从云下，去似恒娥到月边”符合古代女子荡秋千意境，且前两句是“画阁盈盈出半天,依稀云里见秋千”。
(完整版)2018年高考英语北京卷-答案
2018年高考英语北京卷 英语答案解析 第一部分：知识运用 第一节单项填空 1.【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你好，我是彼得，你是新来的吗？我没见过你。——你好，彼得。我叫鲍勃。我星期一才来的。根据语境以及时间状语on Monday可知，此处叙述的是过去发生的动作，所以应用一般过去时。【考点】动词时态。 2.【答案】C 【解析】A项意为“尽管”；B项意为“当；尽管”；C项意为“如果”；D项意为“直到”。句意：如果我们不阻止气候变化的话，世界上的许多动植物将会消失。 【考点】连词辨析。 3.【答案】B 【解析】分析句子结构可知，谓语动词is前缺少主语，所以应用动名词作主语。 【考点】非谓语动词。 4.【答案】B 【解析】句意：我去年拜访苏珊时，她已经放弃了薪水丰厚的工作，在社区担任志愿者。根据语境可知，此处动作表示过去“我”拜访苏珊时她正在进行的动作，所以应用过去进行时。 【考点】动词时态。 5.【答案】A 【解析】分析句子可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句。可以引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有as，which 和who，故排除that；who用于指代“人”，as有“正如，就像”之意，均不符合语境。所以此处应用关系代词which 引导非限制性定语从句，且在句中作主语，指代前面整个句子。 【考点】非限制性定语从句。 6.【答案】B 【解析】句意：中秋节时，家人们经常聚在一起吃团圆饭、赏月以及吃月饼。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。【考点】非谓语动词。 7.【答案】B 【解析】句意：在过去的几年里中国高铁总长度已从9000千米增加到25000千米。根据时间状语in the past few years可知，谓语动词应用现在完成时。 【考点】动词时态。 8.【答案】A
2018年全国高考新课标2卷理科数学试题(解析版)
注意事项： 2018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新课标 2 卷 理科数学 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．作答时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 12 小题，每小题 5 分，共 60分， 、选择题：本题共 在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要 求的。 1+2i 1．1-2i =( ) 4 A ．- 5 - 解析：选 2．已知集合 A ．9 解析：选 A 3 5i 43 B ．- 5 + 5i 3 C ． - 5 4 5i D ． 34 5 + 5i A={(x,y)|x 2+y 2≤3,x ∈Z,y ∈Z } ，则 A 中元素的 个数为 ( B ．8 C ． 5 问题为确定圆面内整点个数 x -x e -e 2 的图像大致为 ( ) x ) D ．4 3．函数 f(x)= 解析：选 B f(x) 为奇函数，排除 A,x>0,f(x)>0, 排除 D, 取 x=2,f(2)= 2 -2 e -e 4 >1, 故选 B 4．已知向量 A ．4 解析：选 B a ，b 满足 |a|=1 ， a· b=-1 ，则 B ． 2 a · (2a-b)=2a -a 22 5．双曲线 a x 2－y b 2＝1(a >0， b> 0)的离心率为 3 b=2+1=3 a · (2a-b)= ( ) C ．2 3，则其渐近线方程为 ( D ． A ． y=± 2x 解析：选 A e= 3 B ． y=± 3x c 2=3a 2 b= 2a C5 cos = ， BC=1， AC=5，则 25 B ． 30 2C 6．在Δ ABC 中， A ． 4 2 解析：选 A cosC=2cos 22 -1= - C ． y=± AB= ( ) C ． 29 D ． D ． 25 y=± 3 x y=± x 2 3 5 AB 2=AC 2+BC 2 -2AB · BC ·cosC=32 AB=4 2
2018年高考真题北京卷政治Word版含解析
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 文科综合能力测试政治（北京卷） 第一部分（选择题共140分） 本部分共12小题，每小题4分，共48分。在每小题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。 1. 每年三四月间，居庸关长城附近山花盛放。市郊铁路S2线列车穿行于花海中，被称为“开往春大的列车”，吸引了大量踏青的游客，游客的涌入给森林消防和轨道交通带来了安全隐患，当地政府采取封山禁入措施，但效果不理想，于是转变思路，变堵为疏，着手规划建设花海列车观景平台。这一做法 ①履行了政府的市场监管职能，有利于建立良好市场秩序 ②自觉运用矛盾观点，创造条件，将风险点转化为共赢点 ③有利于满足人们的精神文化需求，带动当地旅游业发展 ④有利于开发该线路的经济价值，说明文化的力量来自于经济 A. ①③ B. ①④ C. ②③ D. ②④ 【答案】C 2. 山脊上，代表中华悠久文化的长城蜿蜒曲折：山腰间，詹天佑创造性设计的“人”字形铁路折回而上；地表下，运用当代中国先进技术建造的京张高铁穿行向前。为避免破坏沿线文物和环境，京张高铁建设者采用“精准微爆破”等所技术，在地下100多米建造隧道，做到施工地表零沉降，实现了高铁与环境和谐共存。下列分析正确的是 A. 京张高铁与“人”字形铁路是新旧事物的关系 B. 工程设计与施工水平的提高说明实践活动具有社会历史性
C. 建设者的创新意识是高铁成功建设的首要前提 D. 高铁与环境和谐共存体现了矛盾同一性是推动事物发展的动力 【答案】B 【解析】新事物是指符合事物发展规律具有强大生命力和远大发展前途的事物，旧事物是指违背事物发展规律没有强大生命力和远大发展前途的事物。把京张高铁与“人”字形铁路的关系看成是新旧事物的关系，说法错误，A排除；与“人”字形铁路相比较，京张高铁在工程设计与施工水平要高得多，这说明实践活动具有社会历史性，B正确；尊重客观规律是实践成功的前提和基础，C说法错误，排除；矛盾双方既对立又同一推动着事物的运动、变化、发展，D说法错误，排除。故本题选B。 3. 万古奔腾的长江，孕育着源远流长的中华文明，为全面展示新时代长江的自然风貌和文化景观，多位艺术家深入长江流域采风，创作了巨幅长卷《长江万里图》，该作品雄浑磅礴、风光万千，画出了一条中国人心中砥砺奋进的文化长河，《长江万里图》的创作 ①体现了自然性与人文性的统一 ②说明时代精神是艺术创新的泉 ③体现了创作者为祖国可山立传的文化自信 ④说明客观真实是评价艺术作品的根本标准 A. ①③ B. ①④ C. ②③ D. ②④ 【答案】A 【解析】为全面展示新时代长江的自然风貌和文化景观，多位艺术家深入长江流域采风，创作了巨幅长卷《长江万里图》，这说明《长江万里图》的创作体现了自然性与人文性的统一，①符合题意；该作品雄浑磅礴、风光万千，画出了一条中国人心中砥砺奋进的文化长河。这充分体现了创作者对中华文化的高度自信，③符合题意；社会实践是文化创新的源泉，②说法错误；社会实践是检验文化创新的根本标准，④说法错误，故本题选A。 4. “窗含西岭千秋雪”“玉窗五见樱桃花”。中国传统建筑中窗的设计，巧妙之处在于可以引进阳光、空气，为居室主人呈现大自然的馈赠，借助窗外的空间美，人的心灵之窗也被打开，“纳千顷之王汪洋，收四时之烂漫”。下列选项正确的有
2018年高考英语北京卷
徐老师 北京市2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语 (满分120分，考试时间100分钟) 第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45分） 第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分,共15分) 1.—Hi,I'm Peter.Are you new here?I haven't seen you around？ —Hello,Peter.I'm Bob.I just________on Monday. A.start B.have started C.started D. had started 2.__________we don't stop climate change,many animals and plants in the world will be gone. A.Although B.While C.If D. Until 3.__________along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience A.Travel B.Traveling C.Having traveled D.Traveled 4.Susan had quit her well-paid job and________as a volunteer in the neighborhood. When I visited her last year A.is working B.was working C.has worked D.had worked 5.She and her family bicycle to work,__________helps them keep fit A.which B.who C.as D.that 6.During the Mid-Autumn Festival,family members often gather together__________ a meal,admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes. A.share B.to share C.having shared D.shared 7.China's high-speed railways__________from9,000to25,000kilometers in the past few years. A.are growing B.have grown C.will grow D.had grown 8.In any unsafe situation,simply________the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need. A.press B.to press C.pressing D.pressed 9.A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who__________in the mountains
2018年高考英语全国卷1【附解析】
英语试卷 第1页（共22页） 英语试卷 第2页（共22页） 绝密★启用前 2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英 语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt ？ A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C . 1. What will James do tomorrow ？ A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report. 2. What can we say about the woman ？ A. She’s generous. B. She’s curious. C. She’s helpful. 3. When does the train leave ？ A. At 6：30. B. At 8：30. C. At 10：30. 4. How does the woman go to work ？ A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers ？ A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman regret ？ A. Giving up her research. B. Dropping out of college. C. Changing her major. 7. What is the woman interested in studying now ？ A. Ecology. B. Education. C. Chemistry. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the man ？ A. A hotel manager. B. A tour guide. C. A taxi driver. 9. What is the man doing for the woman ？ A. Looking for some local foods. B. Showing her around the seaside. C. Offering information about a hotel. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where does the conversation probably take place ？ A. In an office. B. At home. C. At a restaurant. 11. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening ？ A. Go to a concert. B. Visit a friend. C. Work extra hours. 12. Who is Alice going to call ？ A. Mike. B. Joan. C. Catherine. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why does the woman meet the man ？ A. To look at an apartment. B. To deliver some furniture. C. To have a meal together. ------------在 --------------------- 此--------------------- 卷--------------------- 上--------------------- 答--------------------- 题--------------------- 无-------------------- 效------------ ---- 姓名________________ 准考证号_____________
2018年全国高考新课标1卷理科数学试题(解析版)
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新课标1卷 理科数学 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、选择题：本题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。 1．设z=1-i 1+i +2i，则|z|= A．0 B．1 2 C．1 D． 2 解析：选C z=1-i 1+i +2i=-i+2i=i 2．已知集合A={x|x2-x-2>0}，则?R A = A．{x|-1
2018年高考北京卷政治试题解析
绝密★本科目考试启用前 第一部分（选择题共140分） 本部分共12小题，每小题4分，共48分。在每小题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。 1. 每年三四月间，居庸关长城附近山花盛放。市郊铁路S2线列车穿行于花海中，被称为“开往春大的列车”，吸引了大量踏青的游客，游客的涌入给森林消防和轨道交通带来了安全隐患，当地政府采取封山禁入措施，但效果不理想，于是转变思路，变堵为疏，着手规划建设花海列车观景平台。这一做法 ①履行了政府的市场监管职能，有利于建立良好市场秩序 ②自觉运用矛盾观点，创造条件，将风险点转化为共赢点 ③有利于满足人们的精神文化需求，带动当地旅游业发展 ④有利于开发该线路的经济价值，说明文化的力量来自于经济 A. ①③ B. ①④ C. ②③ D. ②④ 【答案】C 2. 山脊上，代表中华悠久文化的长城蜿蜒曲折：山腰间，詹天佑创造性设计的“人”字形铁路折回而上；地表下，运用当代中国先进技术建造的京张高铁穿行向前。为避免破坏沿线文物和环境，京张高铁建设者采用“精准微爆破”等所技术，在地下100多米建造隧道，做到施工地表零沉降，实现了高铁与环境和谐
共存。下列分析正确的是 A. 京张高铁与“人”字形铁路是新旧事物的关系 B. 工程设计与施工水平的提高说明实践活动具有社会历史性 C. 建设者的创新意识是高铁成功建设的首要前提 D. 高铁与环境和谐共存体现了矛盾同一性是推动事物发展的动力 【答案】B 【解析】新事物是指符合事物发展规律具有强大生命力和远大发展前途的事物，旧事物是指违背事物发展规律没有强大生命力和远大发展前途的事物。把京张高铁与“人”字形铁路的关系看成是新旧事物的关系，说法错误，A排除；与“人”字形铁路相比较，京张高铁在工程设计与施工水平要高得多，这说明实践活动具有社会历史性，B正确；尊重客观规律是实践成功的前提和基础，C说法错误，排除；矛盾双方既对立又同一推动着事物的运动、变化、发展，D说法错误，排除。故本题选B。 3. 万古奔腾的长江，孕育着源远流长的中华文明，为全面展示新时代长江的自然风貌和文化景观，多位艺术家深入长江流域采风，创作了巨幅长卷《长江万里图》，该作品雄浑磅礴、风光万千，画出了一条中国人心中砥砺奋进的文化长河，《长江万里图》的创作 ①体现了自然性与人文性的统一 ②说明时代精神是艺术创新的泉 ③体现了创作者为祖国可山立传的文化自信 ④说明客观真实是评价艺术作品的根本标准 A. ①③ B. ①④ C. ②③ D. ②④ 【答案】A 【解析】为全面展示新时代长江的自然风貌和文化景观，多位艺术家深入长江流域采风，创作了巨幅长卷《长江万里图》，这说明《长江万里图》的创作体现了自然性与人文性的统一，①符合题意；该作品雄浑磅礴、风光万千，画出了一条中国人心中砥砺奋进的文化长河。这充分体现了创作者对中华文化的高度自信，③符合题意；社会实践是文化创新的源泉，②说法错误；社会实践是检验文化创新的根本标准，④说法错