名词和冠词综合练习题教案资料
名词和冠词综合练习题
一．选择题。（51分）
1. They got much _____ from those new books.
A. ideas
B. photos
C. news
D. stories
2. I have two _______ and three bottles of _________ here.
A. orange, orange
B. oranges, oranges
C. oranges, orange
D. orange, oranges
3. Every evening M r. King takes a _________ to his home .
A. 25 minutes’walk
B. 25 minute’s walk
C. 25 minute walk
D. 25 minutes walk
4. An old _______ wants to see you.
A. people
B. person
C. the people
D. the person
5. Help yourself to __________.
A. chickens and apples
B. chickens and apple
C. chicken and apple
D. chicken and apples
6. Oh, dear. I forgot the two _________.
A. room’s number
B. rooms’number
C. room numbers
D. rooms’numbers
7. She has been in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her second _________.
A. family
B. house
C. home
D. room
8. ________ mothers couldn’t go to the meeting, because they have gone to Shanghai .
A. Mary and Peter’s
B. Mary and Peter
C. Mary’s and Peter
D. Mary’s and Peter’s
9. Li Lei has been to __________ many times this month.
A. her uncle
B. her uncle’s
C. her uncles
D. aunt’s
10. He is a success as a leader but he hasn’t ________ in teaching.
A. many experiences
B. much experience
C. an experience
D. a lot experience
11. A classmate of _________ was here ten minutes ago.
A. you
B. your
C. your sister
D. your sister’s
12. A group of _________ are talking with two ___________.
A. Frenchmen, Germans
B. Germans ,Frenchmans
C. Frenchmans , Germen
D. Germen , Frenchmen
13.The team ________ having a meeting .
A. is
B. are
C. am
D. be
14. “Would you like _________?”“________, please.”
A. drink, Three coffees
B. a cup of drink, Coffees
C. a drink, A coffee
D. a drink, Three cups of coffees
15. The Great Wall was made not only by _______, but also the flesh and blood of ________ men.
A.earth and stone, millions of
B. earths and stones, millions
C. the earth and stone, million of
D. the earths and stones, millions
16. There are sixty-seven___ in our school.
A. women's teacher
B. women teachers
C. woman teachers
D. women teacher
17. Miss Smith is a friend of____.
A. Mary's mother's
B. Mary's mother
C. mother's of Mary
D. Mary mothers
18. This is a book of ___.
A. Tom
B. Tom's
C. her
D. him
19. Nothing was found but ___ broken.
A. the room window
B. the room’s window
C. the room of the window
D. the window of room
20. Old as he is, he has ___to do every day.
A. a lot of work
B. much works
C. lots of homeworks
D. quite a lot of homeworks
21. It’s not far, only ___walk from here to our school.
A. a ten minutes
B. ten minutes
C. a ten minutes’
D. ten minutes’
22. I read ______story. It is ______interesting story.
A. a, an
B. a, a C . the, the D. /, an
23. Britain is __ European country and China is ___ Asian country.
A. an, an
B. a, a
C. a, an
D. an, a
24. ______China is _____ old country with _____ long history.
A. The, an, a
B. The, a, a
C. /, an, the
D. /, an, a
25. _____elephant is bigger than ______ horse.
A. /, /
B. an, a
C. An, a
D. /, the
26. We always have ______rice for ______lunch.
A. /, /
B. the, /
C. /, a
D. the, the
27. It took me ______ hour and _____ half to finish ______ work.
A. a, a, a
B. an, a, a
C. an, a, the
D. an, a, /
28. ______ doctor told me to take ______ medicine three times
______day, stay in _____bed, then I would be better soon.
A. /, a, a, the
B. A, the, the, /
C. The, the, a, /
D. A, /, a, /
29. There is ____ picture on ____ wall. I like ____ picture very much.
A. a, the, the
B. a, the, a
C. the, a, a
D. a, an, the
30. January is ______first month of the year.
A. a
B. /
C. an
D. the
31. Shut _____door, please.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D./
32. Einstein won _____ Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
33. What ____ fine day it is today! Let's go to the Summer Palace.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
34. I like music, but I don't like ____ music of that TV play.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
35. ____ girl over there is ____ English teacher.
A. The, an
B. A, /
C. The, /
D. A, a
36. It's ____ exciting way to shop on the Net.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
37. She was ___ founder of ___ order of nuns called the Missionaries of Charity.
A. a, an
B. a, /
C. the, /
D. the, an
38. Xi'an is ___ old city with ___ long history, isn't it?
名词、数词、冠词
名词、数词、冠词预习方案 中山实验学校黄金霞 名词的预习 一、可数名词复数的规则变化 1.一般词尾加s; 2.以s，x，ch，sh结尾的名词词尾加-es; 3.以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加-es; 4.以o结尾的词加-s或-es（词尾加-es口诀:黑人,英雄喜欢吃土豆和西红柿. Negroes, heroes, potatoes, tomatoes）; 5.以f或fe结尾的变f或fe为v再加-es; 注意：scarf-scarfs / scarves, giraffe- giraffes; roof –roofs 二、可数名词复数的不规则变化 ①，改变字母变复数 man- men, woman -women, child-children, foot- feet, mouse-mice, tooth- teeth （男女孩子的脚踩住老鼠的牙） ②，表示“某国人”的名词变复数 中日瑞士不变英法变(变a为e)，其他直接加-s （Chinese, Japanese, Swiss, Englishmen, Frenchmen, Americans, Germans，Italians, Australians） 三、可数名词复数的特殊形式 1.单复数同型：fish, deer, sheep; 2.复数名词clothes，socks, pants, glasses, shoes 等； 3.集体名词:class, family, team, group等作单数表示整体，作复数强调成员； 4.形式上是复数，意义上是单数的名词，news，math， physics 等 5.复合名词的复数通常变后面中心名词为复数：a bus driver-two bus drivers; 由man, woman修饰的复合名词都变复数:a man teacher -three men teachers 四、不可数名词量的表达: 1.“基数词+量词（单位名词）+of短语” 量词可数,数词大于1时,要用复数形式:3 cups of tea，2 pieces of bread 2.不可数名词可用，some，any a little，a lot of, lots of, much等修饰 五、名词所有格的构成:
英语冠词和代词大汇总
冠词 定义：冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词前，帮助指示名词的含义 分类：冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。 I. 不定冠词的用法： 口诀一 名词是秃子，常要戴帽子； 可数名词单，需用a 或 an； 辅音前用a ，元音前用an； 复数不可数泛指the不见；
碰到代词时,冠词均不现.。 ①名词一般情况下不单独用,常常要和冠词连用; ②表示不明确指的可数名词单数前要用不定冠词 a 或 an,特指时要用定冠词the; 即：可数名词单数不能单独存在，必须有限定词修饰。 ③如复数名词和不可数名词表示泛指或名词前有 his, these, my, some 等限定词时就不用冠词. II. 定冠词的用法：
以上口诀归纳了用定冠词的一般情况，即： ①特指某些人或物 ②谈话双方都熟悉的人或事 ③上文已经提到的人或事 ④世界上独一无二的事物前 ⑤序数词和形容词最高级前 ⑥某些专有名词前 ⑦一些习惯短语（如：in the morning等）中和乐器前（如：play the violin / piano）。 III. 零冠词的用法：
二、不用冠词的集中情况。 下列情况应免冠，代词限定名词前； 专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭； 复数名词表泛指，两节星期月份前； 颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。 以上口诀主要概括了一般应“免冠”的几种情况，即： ①名词前已有作定语用的this、that、some、any、my等限定词。 ②专有名词和不可数名词前。 ③表示学科的（如：maths、Chinese、physics）名词前。 ④球类活动的名词前及三餐总称前。 ⑤复数名词表示泛指（一类人或事）时。 ⑥节日、季节、星期、月份前。 ⑦表示颜色（如：It's red / yellow.）、语种（如：speak English/Japanese）和国家的非全称名词（如：We live in China. They come from America.）。 ⑧在称呼或表示头衔的名词前。 ⑨某些习惯短语中（如：in bed、go to school等）。 --- So, you are running _____ restaurant.
英语名词和冠词的用法
英语名词和冠词的用法 英语名词和冠词的用法 一、名词Noun (一)名词的分类 名词可以分为专有名词(Proper Nouns)和普通名词 (Common Nouns)，专有名词是某个(些)人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如:book，sadness等。 个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词(Countable Nouns)，物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)。归纳一下，名词的分类可以下图表示: (二)名词——名词的复数规则变化 (三)名词——名词复数的不规则变化 1)child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women 2)单复同形如:deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese 3)集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。 如: people police cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle 4)以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如: a. maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。 b. news 是不可数名词。 c. the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。 5) 表示由两部分构成的东西，如:glasses (眼镜) trousers, clothes 若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 pair(对，双); suit(套); a pair of glasses (四)名词——定语名词的复数
名词和冠词练习题
名词与冠词 1.__________ feeds on wild fruit. A.T he monkey B. Monkeys C. Monkey D. The monkey’s 2.___________ was invented by Graim Bell, which has brought a lot of changes to people’s lives ever since. A.Telephone B. Telephones C. The telephone D. The telephones 3.No one knows how large ______ universe is, but _____ man has never given up the attempt to explore new stars and find new planets. A.the; x B. x; the C. x; x D the; a 4.He used to go without _________ breakfast, but this morning he felt quite hungry and had _______ big breakfast. A.the; x B. a; the C the; x D x; x 5, A grand parade was held in Beijing to celebrate ________ National Day. We _______ Chinese were really take pride in our great motherland. A.our; the B. x; the C. the; x D. x; x 6 Paper is widely used in our daily life now. It has taken _________ place of _________ plastics, which costs money and also causes white pollution. A.x; x B. the; the C. a; a D. the; x 7. ___________ Changjiang River is among _______ longest rivers in the world. A. The; the B. x; the C. the; x D. x; x 8. _____________ Mount Chomolungma, which many mountain climbers want to conquer, is one of the leading peaks of ______________ Himalayas. A. The; the B. x; the C. x; x D. The; x 9. _____________ Chinese people have been masters of their own country ever since __________ People’s Republic of China was founded. A. x; x B. x; the C. The; x D. The; the 10. Beijing, ___________ capital of China, is not only a modern international city but also ___________ place of historical interest with many palaces and temples. A. x; a B. the; a C. the; the D. the; x 答案： ACACD DABDB
高考专题一名词和冠词含参考答案 (1)
考点一：名词和名词辨析 1. While she was in Paris, she developed a __________ for fine art. A. way B. relation C. taste D. habit 2.As the world’s population continues to grow, the ______ of food becomes more and more of a concern. 3. A.worth B.supply C.package D. list 4.With inspiration from other food cultures, American food culture can take a _______ for the better. 5. A.share B.chance C. turn D. lead 6.Poetry written from the _________ of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging. 7. A.perspective B.priority C.participation D. privilege 8.Carbon dioxide, which makes a __________ between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer. 9. A.difference https://www.360docs.net/doc/9716423150.html,parison C.connection D. barrier 10.Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with _______ . 11. A.curiosity B.satisfaction C. envy D. patience 12.The accident caused some ________ to my car, but it’s nothing serious. 13. A.harm B.injury C. ruin D. damage 14.Your __________ as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflection on how you learn. 15. A.operation B.growth C. performance D. character 16.My first _______ of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man. 17. A.expression B.attention C.satisfaction D. impression 18.You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future ________ . 19. A.purpose B.reference C.progress D. memory 20.It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any ____ . 21. A. symptom B. similarity C. sample D. shadow 22.You are working too hard. You’d better keep a _________ between work and relaxation. 23. A.promise B.lead C.balance D.diary 24.Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional _________ . 25. A. consequence B.independence https://www.360docs.net/doc/9716423150.html,petence D. intelligence 26.Anyway, I can’t cheat him---it’s against all my ________ . 27. A. emotions B.principles C.regulations D. opinions 28.There’s a _______ in our office that when it’s somebody’s birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share. 29. A.tradition B.balance C.concern D. relationship 30.I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond _________ . 31. A.hearing B. strength C.recognition D. measure 32.This restaurant has become popular for its wide _______ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets. 33. A. division B.area C.range D. circle
名词、冠词、数词
名词、冠词、数词 (一)名词 名词有可数与不可数之分，有数和所有格的变化。名词在句中可以做主语、宾语、 表语、同位语和定语等。 考点1 :名词的数 考向一：可数名词单数变复数的规则变化 考向二：可数名词单数变复数的不规则变化 第一条，a 变 e (man — men,woman —women ) 第二条，oo 变成两只 e (goose —geese, tooth —teeth,foot —feet ) 第三条，看见孩子长大成ren (child —children ) 第四条，老鼠爱大米(mouse —mice ) 第五条，绵羊和鱼都一样(sheep —sheep,fish —fish ) 第六条，各国人，都好记：中日不变英法变，其他后面加 -s (Japa nes —Japa nese,Chi nes —Chi nese,E nglishmar —E nglishme n,Fre nchmar — Fre n chme n, Germar —Germa ns ) 考向三：不可数名词量的表达
考点2:名词的所有格 1. 一般情况下，在词尾直接加“ ’s”。 Eg: Lilyspare nts莉莉的父母 2. 以-s结尾的复数名词在s后加 Eg: the twins'room 双胞胎的房间 3. 表示非生命物体的所有格经常用of短语。 Eg: a map of Chi na —张中国地图 〖典例〗 The sec ond Sun day in May is ______________ Day母亲节） 冠词 冠词分不定冠词a/an和定冠词the两种 考点1 :不定冠词 不定冠词有a和an两种形式，a用于辅音音素开头的单词前，an用于以元音音素开头的
2020年高考英语精选考点：冠词和名词(教师版)
专题01 冠词和名词 I.单项填空 1.【2019·江苏卷】26.Nowadays the ___________ for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery. A. priority B. potential C. proportion D. pension 【答案】A 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：当今,旅行的重点从购物转变成了品尝美食和欣赏风景。A. priority优先；优先权；B. potential潜在的,可能的；C. proportion比例,占比；D. pension退休金,抚恤金。故选A。 2.【2019·天津卷】7.We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a(n) ___________on our lives in many ways. A. statement B. impact C. impression D. judgment 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们能够看到人工智能在许多方面已经对我们的生活产生了强烈的影响。statement“陈述说明”；impact“强烈的影响,冲击力”；impression“印象,感想”；judgement“判断力判断”。故选B。 3.【2018·天津】6. The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space. A. advice B. order C. possibility D. invitation 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。A. advice建议；B. order命令；C. possibility可能性；D. invitation邀请。故选C。 点睛：本题考查名词辨析。名词和动词及短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点。本题语法上是一个同位语从句,从句that there is life on other planets in the universe是来解释说明前面所选择的名词。根据常识可以判断,宇宙中其它星球上存在生命只是一种可能性,目前无法证明,从而选出正确答案。 4.【2018·江苏】32. Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ you’ve made. A. assignment B. association C. acquisition D. assumption 【答案】D
名词与冠词练习题答案
名词与冠词练习题答案 1.答案：A本题考查冠词。句意：人们在很小的时候就形成了对某种特定的学习方式的偏爱，并且这些偏爱会影响学习。a preference for对……的某种偏爱；at an early age在很小的时候，均为固定搭配，所以正确答案为A。 2答案：D本题考查冠词。句意：这对父母听到儿子需要做膝盖手术的消息很震惊。由语境可知，第一空特指“儿子膝盖要做手术的消息”，news前要加定冠词the；第二空operation作“手术”讲时为可数名词，此处是指“某一个手术”，前要加不定冠词an，故D项正确。 3答案：C句意为：丹·布朗，《达·芬奇密码》的作者，是一位非常著名的美国作家。根据语境可知，第一空author后有of短语作定语，故表示的是特指，应用定冠词the；而第二空表示的是泛指，意为“一位……”，应用不定冠词a。故答案选C。 4答案：C句意为：这份工作不好做，但完成它给我带来了深深的满足感。hard work为不可数名词，在语境中并非特指，故不用冠词；a sense of意为“一种……感”，为固定搭配。a sense of satisfaction意为“满足感”，符合语境。故答案选C。 5答案：C句意为：想要说服他放弃电脑游戏是没有意义的。there is no doubt 意为“毫无疑问”；there is no wonder意为“不足为奇”；there is no point in doing sth.意为“做某事毫无意义，毫无作用”；there is no value意为“毫无价值”。根据语境可知，答案选C。 6答案：D句意为：——哦，我的天呀！1月23日沈阳发生了地震。——真的吗？我当时也在那，但是我根本没有感觉到有地震。第一空后的earthquake 是可数名词，泛指一次地震，用不定冠词；第二空后的earthquake第二次出现，且表示1月23日的那次地震，应用定冠词，表示特指。故答案选D。 7答案：C句意为：通常你穿衣的风格反映(reflection)了你的个性。recognition认可，认出；regulation规定；reaction反应，均不符合语境。故答案选C。 8答案：D句意为：上周末，我们在向导的陪同下，去那个城镇著名的景点转了一圈。have/take a walk意为“散步”，为固定短语，故第一空应用不定冠词a；第二空由于signs后有定语of the famous town修饰限定，因此其前应用定冠词the，表特指。故答案选D。 9答案：A句意为：多年来，科学家们一直担心空气污染对地球环境造成
名词冠词数词代词介词
名词名词的数 1、可数名词与不可数名词 A、不可数名词，初中阶段常见的不可数名词有：water ; meat ; rice ; bread ; milk ; tea ; orange(桔汁) ; fruit ; air ; snow ; chalk; work ; paper(纸) ; time(时间); music ; weather ; grass ; news ; food ; fish(鱼肉); coke ; porridge ; cake(可数或不可数). 不可数名词应注意以下几点： 1)前无数、冠，后无复数；作主语为三单. 2)表量用约数some /any ; much ; a lot of 或用of短语 eg. There is ____ bread on the table. [C] A. a B. one C. a piece of D. many There is some_______ on the plate. [B] A. apple B. fish C. milks D. deer 2、可数名词的复数 A、不规则变化： man—men ; woman—women ;child—children policeman—policemen Englishman—Englishmen Frenchman—Frenchmen foot—feet ; tooth—teeth mouse(鼠)—mice B、规则变化 1）s; sh; ch; x 结尾加 es 读 [iz] 2) ce; se; ze; (d)ge 结尾加 s eg. boxes [b ksiz] blouses [blauziz] 3)f (fe) 结尾则变f(fe)为v加es---读[vz] eg. knives [naivz] 4) “辅+y”结尾变y为i加es 清就清[s] 5)一般加s 浊就浊[z] eg. books[buks] pens[penz] babies[beibiz] 但注意以下几点： ① potato—potatoes ; tomato—tomatoes ②单复同形: fish ; sheep ; deer ; Chinese ; Japanese ③由man , woman在词首构成的复合名词应将两部分都变成复数 man doctor — men doctors ④ reef—reefs ⑤“某国人”的复数：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面. eg. German—Germans ⑥ people , police 常用单数形式表示复数概念 The police are looking for the missing boy. 3、名词所有格：名词’s (意思是“……的”) A.有生命的名词所有格，一般在后加“’s”但注意： 1)表两者共有则在后者加“’s” Lucy and Lily’s father 露西和莉莉的父亲 Lucy’s and Lily’s fathers露西的父亲和莉莉的父亲.
名词与冠词
名词与冠词 一．名词 名词包括可数名词和不可数名词 1.可数名词 可数名词包括个体名词和集体名词，单复数构成方式如下： 1. 一般情况加—s . desks , days 2. 以s, x, ch, sh 结尾，后接-es Buses , watches, boxes, brushes, stomaches 3.以f, fe 结尾，把f, fe 改为 ves Leaf---leaves life---lives thief—thieves 例外：roof---roofs gulf---gulfs chief---chiefs serf---serfs 少数两种都可以： handkerchief---handkerchiefs---handkerchieves Hoof—hoofs---hooves scarf---scarfs---scarves 4.辅音加y结尾，去y 变 i再加es Factory---factories country—countries city---cities 5.元音加o结尾，加s Bamboo—bamboos zoo—zoos radio—radios 辅音加o结尾，加es Echo—echoes potato—potatoes tomato---tomatoes Hero---heroes 有些以o结尾的外来词，只加s Auto—autos kilo---kilos photo—photos 有些以o结尾的有两种形式 Zero—zeros—zeroes volcano—volcanos----volcanoes 6.th 结尾加 s mouths months paths truths strengths 不规则变化 1.改变单数名词中得元音字母 Men women teeth oxen geese feet children mice 2.单复数同行 Works 工厂，作品 series 系列 means 手段 sheep dear fish 以及度量衡，币值名词 3.表示名族的 1) Chinese Japanese swiss 2) German—\Germans American—Americans African Australian Canadian Italian greek European Arab 3) Englishman—Englishmen Dutchman---Dutchmen
英语名词与冠词
英语语法——名词与冠词 来源：普特英语 名词 一.定义 什么是名词表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称的词，叫做名词。如： baby 婴儿time 时间 pencil 铅笔socialism 社会主义 air 空气Shanghai 上海 二.名词的种类 英语名词可分为两大类： 1.普通名词(common noun)普通名词是某一类人、某一类事物、某种物质或抽象概念的名称。如： soldier 士兵water 水 pupil 学生health 健康 machine 机器pleasure 快乐
2.专有名词(proper noun)专有名词是个别的人、团体、地方、机构或事物的名称。其中实词的第一个字母必须大写。如： Lei Feng 雷锋Karl Marx 卡尔?马克思 London 伦敦China 中国 The Communist Party of China中国共产党 The Great Hall of the People人民大会堂 The Ministry of Foreign Affairs外交部 1.1普通名词的种类 普通名词可进一步分为： 1)类名词(class noun)类名词表示人或事物属于某一类。如： tractor 拖拉机panda 熊猫 factory 工厂teacher 教员 2)集体名词(collective noun)集体名词是一些人或物的总称。如： class 阶级，班herd 兽群 crowd 人群army 军队
3)物质名词(material noun)物质名词表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体的实物。如： steel 钢gram 粮食 fire 火cotton 棉花 4)抽象名词(abstract noun)抽象名词表示动作、状态、品质或其他抽象概念。如： happiness 幸福life 生活 work 工作whiteness 白色 三.名词的数 名词又可分为可数名词(countable noun)与不可数名词(uncountable noun)。可数名词有单、复数之分，不可数名词一般不分单数和复数。类名词和集体名词一般是可数的；抽象名词、物质名词和专有名词一般是不可数的。有少数名词既可用作不可数名词，又可用作可数名词，但意义有所不同。如： 用作不可数名词用作可数名词 glass 玻璃玻璃杯 paper 纸报纸，文件
英语之中名词 代词 动词 形容词 冠词 数词 副词 介词 连词 感叹词
（一） 1、名词名词(Nouns）是词性的一种，也是实词的一种，是指待人、物、事、时、地、情感、概念等实体或抽象事物的词。名词可以独立成句。在短语或句子中通常可以用代词来替代。 2、代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、自身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。 3、动词，就是用来形容或表示各类动作的词汇。基本上每个完整的子句都有一个动词，要表示第二个动作时可使用不定词、动名词、对等连接词、从属连接词或增加子句等方法连结。根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类。 4、形容词 形容词【adjective】很多语言中均有的主要词类中的一种。主要用来修饰名词的词,表示事物的特征 5、冠词的定义冠词是置于名词之前，对名词起限制作用的一种虚词。冠词可以说是名词的一种标志，它不能离开名词而独立存在。冠词的分类冠词分为不定冠词"a，an"、定冠词"the"和零冠词三种 6、数词表示"多少"和"第几"的词,叫数词。其用法相当于名词或者形容词。数词分为基数词和序数词两种。表示数目多少或顺序多少的词叫数词，数词分为基数词和序数词。 7、副词(Adverb)副词的定义: 副词是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念。
8、介词的定义和特征介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句字成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。 （二） 1、名词，人或事物的名称 3、代词，代替名词或者数词（比如some就是代替数目） 3、动词，动作或状态 4、数词，表示数目或顺序（比如序数词，5th就是表示顺序） 5、形容词，人或事物的性质或状态（因为形容词一般修饰名词） 6、副词，动作的特征或性状特征（因为副词一般修饰动词或形容词） 7、冠词，表示名词的泛指或特指 8、介词，表示名词或代词与其他词的关系（因为介词后面一半紧跟 名词，代词或其他名词性结构） 9、连词，连接词与词，短语与短语，句子与句子 10、感叹词，表示说话时的感情或语气
名词和冠词
第5讲：名词和冠词 名词的性，数 名词的功用 冠词的功用 冠词的省略 2016/7/25 ● 名词的性，数 ? 专有名词的大小写 大写：地点和人名 国籍的名词 标题中的每个单词首字母 小写：一周七日（lundi, mardi…） 一年十二个月（mars, mai…） 语言（le fran?ais, le chinois…） 国籍形容词 (un habitant fran?ais …) ? 名词的性 ? enfant 阴阳性同形un enfant, une enfant ? professeur, m édecin, ing énieur, chirurgien, architecte, chauffeur, chef d ’entreprise 变阴性时在名词前加femme ，或直接une professeur ? personne, victime, vedette, star, idole, recrute 没有阳性形式 ? 动物只有一种性别，也可以在名词后加male 或femelle (un écureuil femme, un perroquet, une grenouille, une souris, une panthère…) ? 特殊词尾（compagnon-une compagne, un héros-une héroine, un dieu-une déesse, un copain-une copine, un jumeau-une jumelle, un roi-une reine…） ? gens 阳性复数，但是形容词出现在名词前，使用阴性des gens curieux- de curieuses gens ;若形容词阴阳同形，使用阳性。 无生名词的性 阳性：树木，金属，季节，月份，星期，语言，颜色，方位 由动词转化而来的名词 外来词 数字，字母，音符 泛指词personne, quelque chose 阴性：水果，科学，艺术 同时具有阴阳性：le vase-la vase, les soldes-la solde, un tour-une tour, un mainoeuvre-une mainoeuvre, un livre-une livre, un mémoire-une mémoire, le mode-la mode, un moule-une moule, un vapeur-une vapeur, un poêle-une poêle 单数为阳性，复数为阴性：délice, l’orgue, l’amour 城市，国家，河流既可能是阳性也可能是阴性 ? 名词的数 ? 特殊变化：des carnavals, des festivals, des bals, des régals, des pneus, les bleus, les landaus, des trous, les cous, des clous, des bisous, des rails,des détails, ? 只有单数：l’or, l’argent, le sel, la vanille, le courage, la vaillance, la charité, la peinture, le m arbre, le cinéma ? 只有复数：les fian?ailles, les funérailles, les frais, les gens, les environs, les alentours, les m?urs, les archives, les matériaux, l es représailles, les obsèques, les entrailles, les vivres… ? 单复数意义不同 : une échec-des échecs, un ciseau-des ciseaux, une lunette-des lunettes…
高考英语-名词与冠词-专题练习(一)(含答案与解析)
高考英语专题练习（一） 名词与冠词 1．But for tourists like me, pandas are its top ________ （attract）. 2．The nursery team switches him every few ________ （day）with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed. 3．Then, handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of ________ （achieve）. 4．Recent ________ （study）show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly. 5．Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the ________ （develop）of chopsticks. 6．Any smell might attract natural ________ （enemy）that would try to eat the little panda. 7．It is important to pay your electricity bill on time, as late ________ （pay ）may affect your credit. 8．We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our _______ （different）unite, rather than divide us. 9．The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, ________ other is with mum — she never suspects. 10．Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for ________ while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy. 11．We most prefer to say yes to the ________ of someone we know and like.（attempts, requests, doubts, promises）12．I can't tell you ________ way to the Wilsons' because we don't have ________ Wilson here in the village. 13．His English is ________ second to none. And he is going to learn ________ second language in ________ second grade. A．/; a; the B．the; the; a C．/; the; a D．a; the; the 14．The smallest good habits can make a big ________. 15．—Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency? —Well, you know, English is my ________. So it is my best choice.（strength, talent, ability, skill） 16．In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed ______ very large stone. 17．Like many popular restaurants in Paris, ________ （reserve）are hard to get at Dave, so I wasn't surprised to find a complete sign hanging over the red door. 18．He pushed and pulled with all his ________ （strong）to move it. 19．He asked ________ （permit）to introduce his friend, whose name was Mr. Wickham, and who had apparently arrived recently from London. 20．Experts hope the whole society pay more attention to the mental health of ________ （adolescent）. 21．Girls are luckier than boys; they have more flexible ________ （choose）than boys. 22．I have a strong ________ （believe）that one day Chinese students can buy these tickets, too. 23．So I asked her why she sat there in ________ （silent）. 24．About 20 percent of ________ （baby）feel nervous when they see strangers. 25．There was never a time when I had not called him and he did not call me right back within a couple of _______