科技英语综合教程第五单元详解UnitFiveWirelessCommunication

学习必备欢迎下载

Unit Five Wireless Communication

?Warm-up questions:

1. What is the definition of a telephone? What about a mobile phone?

2. Do you know how to express the followings in English?

?投币电话?信用卡电话?磁卡电话?可视电话?同线电话?人工电话?自动电话?台式电话?墙上电话?按键式电话?拨盘式电话?免提电话机?个人通讯话机?无线电话?移动电话

?coin call

?credit card call ?magnetic card telephone ?video phone

?party line

?manual telephone ?automatic telephone ?desk phone

?wall phone

?touch phone

?dial phone

?handsfree telephone ?PCS phone

?cordless phone ?mobile phones

3. How does a mobile phone work?

?Mobile telephones are two-way radios. When you receive a call on your mobile phone, the message travels through the telephone network until it reaches a base station close to your phone. The base station then sends out radio waves that are detected by a receiver in your telephone, where the signals are changed back into voice or data.

4. What about the future of our mobile phone？

Our phone will be faster.

Our phone will also connect on faster networks.

Our phone will be smarter.

Our phone will store more.

Our phone will play music we bought elsewhere, or music we bought through our phone.

Video phones won't look like baseball bats.

TV is coming.

?Text A Your Next Computer

Text Organization (p.144)- Five Parts

Part One Paras. 1-3 Part Two Paras. 4-5

Part Three Paras. 6-9 Part Four Paras. 10-12

Part Five Paras. 13-14

?Part One Paras. 1-3

Now people spend countless / many hours using their mobile phone’s Internet connection to download, check or send messages .

Obsolete (L. 3 –introduction) a. no longer in use or no longer useful 已废弃的,过时的

Eg.公司计划淘汰这些设备，因为它们已经报废了。

The company plans to phase out the equipment as it becomes obsolete.

我们的服务已经过时，需要从根本上进行改革。

Our service is obsolete, requiring root and branch reform.

Gas lamps became obsolete when electric lighting was invented. ?Chanukah （L.3; para. 1) n. (=Hanuka)光明节(犹太人一纪念节日)

Every year between the end of November and the end of December, Jewish people around the world celebrate the holiday of Chanukah, the Festival of Lights. Chanukah begins on the 25th day of the Hebrew (希伯来的) month of Kislev (历法：基色娄月，即犹太教历9月，犹太国历3月，在公历11、12月间，共29或30天), but the starting date on the western calendar varies from year to year. The holiday celebrates the events which took place over 2,300 years ago in the land of Judea（朱迪亚，古巴勒斯坦南部地区，包括今巴勒斯坦南部地区和约旦的西南部地区）, which is now Israel. ?Chanukah

?犹太人所过的光明节。此字念kanu:ka:, 又写作"Hanukkah".烛台叫做"menorah".

这是一个八天的犹太节日, 发生于希伯来日历(Hebrew Calender)九月, 相当于公历(Gregorian Calender)十一月或是十二月.

九盏蜡烛是有讲究的, 每晚先点燃中间蜡烛, 燃油用中间蜡烛做火苗区点别的蜡烛. 第一晚只点燃最右边的蜡烛, 所以第一晚有两根蜡烛亮; 以后每晚从右至左多点燃一根, 直到第八晚所有蜡烛被点燃. 每晚要在天黑以后点, 并且蜡烛至

少燃一个半小时. 纯正的犹太人还有很多祷告之说.

?That’s not even the full extent of his habit. (L. 4; para. 1)

?What does this mean?

?He has done many things via his phone, not only talking. ?Examples:

?Check sports scores

?Download new ringtones

?Send short messages

?Gadget (L. 2; para. 2) n. a small, useful, and cleverly-designed machine or

tool

Eg. a neat gadget for sharpening knives

Have you seen this handy little gadget - it's for separating egg yolks from whites .

She likes those clever little gadgets.

A bottle opener is a kitchen gadget.

?Pop up: （L. 6; para. 1）v. to appear, sometimes unexpectedly

Eg. Click here, and a list of files will pop up.

She's one of those film stars who pops up everywhere, on TV, in magazines, on Broadway.

As we walked along, we saw a rabbit pop up from its burrow and scurry across the field.

我们正在向前走着，看到一只兔子突然从洞里跳出来，穿过田野。?Hang (on) in there (or hang tough) (AmE): be persistent, refuse to stop Eg. Don't worry. Just hang on in there.

Hang in there, my boy. You can pass the university entrance exam!

Work can get tough in the middle of a term but hang on in there and it'll be OK.

?Indulge (L. 3; para. 3) v. ( in or with)

to allow oneself to have something enjoyable, especially more than is good for him

沉迷于;满足(欲望等) ; 使高兴;让...享受一下

to give someone anything they want and not to mind if they behave badly纵

容;迁就

Eg. I love champagne but I don't often indulge myself.

The thrifty farmer seldom, if ever, indulged himself with good food.

His mother indulged him in pocket money .

His mother spoiled him, indulging his every whim.

他母亲很溺爱他，对他的怪念头有求必应。

Part Two Paras. 4-5

There are 1.5 billion cell phones in the world today, more than three times the number of PCs. The emergence of mobile phone around the world has been slow but overwhelmingly momentous.

?Flavor (L. 1; para. 4) n. a quality or feature that makes something have a particular style or character

Eg. The stories have a strong regional flavor.

他的绘画真正得抓住了这个国家的情调和特色。

His painting rally catch the mood and flavor of the country. ?Ubiquity (L. 2; para. 4) n. seeming to be in all places到处存在,无所不在,普遍存在Ubiquitous adj.

Eg. The mobile phone, that most ubiquitous of our consumer-electronic appliances , is about to enter a new age.

Their HQ comprises miles of corridors with their ubiquitous coffee machines. 他们的总部有数英里长的走廊，其间咖啡机无处不在。

The Swedes are not alone in finding their language under pressure from the ubiquitous spread of English.

?Proliferation ( L. 2; para. 4) n.

Proliferate v. to increase greatly and suddenly in number增殖; 增生;使...激增/扩散;迅速扩大

Eg. Small businesses have proliferated in the last ten years.

The past two years have seen the proliferation of global media networks. Over the past three years we have witnessed the proliferation of mobiles among the college students.

?Upheaval (L. 4 ; para. 4) n. [u] a very big change that often causes problems Eg. political upheaval

The French Revolution was a volcanic upheaval in European history.

法国大革命是欧洲历史上的火山爆发。

Mass unemployment may lead to social upheaval.

It would cause a tremendous upheaval to install a different computer system. ?Grind away v. ( L. 4; para. 4) ◆磨损 (at)认真做…

Eg. The steps have been ground away by the passing feet of many visitors over the centuries. 这些台阶经过许多世纪众多游客的足踏，已经磨损。Tomorrow we’ll have an exam, so I must grind away at it tonight.

to grind away at housework埋头做家务

?Momentous (L. 6; para.4 ) adj. very important because of effects on future

events

Eg. Whether or not to move overseas was a momentous decision for the family.

The momentous happenings of the past few weeks had left her feeling exhausted.

It was one of those momentous events that cause a sea change（彻底转变）in public attitudes.

History bears evidence that each momentous political change is usually followed by an economic revival.

历史证明，在每次重大的政治变革之后随之而来的往往是经济上的复兴。?Roll out (L. 6; para. 4) v. to produce ( in large quantities )

Eg. The organ rolled out a stately melody.风琴奏出庄严的乐曲。

The company expects to roll out the new software in September .

The factory rolls out 300 boxes of its products every day. ?Dwarf (L. 2; para. 5) v. If one thing dwarfs another, it makes it seem small

by comparison

Eg. The new skyscraper will dwarf all those near it.

This new financial crisis may well dwarf most that have gone before.

Our small investment has been dwarfed by the what the private sector has put in. 我们的那一点投资和私人投资相比简直不值一提。

To be integral to （L. 4; para. 5)：necessary and important as a part of, or contained within, a whole所必需的, 不可缺的

Eg. He's an integral part of the team and we can't do without him. Vegetables are an integral part of our diet.

Statistics are integral to medical research.

?Heck （L. 5; para. 5) an expression of usually slight annoyance or surprise, or a way of adding force to a statement, question, etc

Where / how/who etc the heck

Eg. Oh heck! It‘s later than I thought.

Where the heck have you been?

How in the heck did you do that? 你究竟是怎么做的？

It cost a heck of a lot of money.（这么多的钱）

Part Three Paras. 6-9

As our phones get smarter, smaller and faster and enable users to connect at high speed, it has, in one sense, already turned into the next computer. ?The processing power （L. 4; para. 6)处理能力

?process: n. [u.] 过程, 作用, 方法, 程序, 步骤, 进行, 推移vt. 加工, 处理?processing: n. [u.] 处理

Eg. Could you explain how the digestive process works?

The raw materials such as coal and iron are processed in local factories. ?processing amplifier 程序放大器，处理放大器

?processing program 处理程序

?processing circuit 程序电路

?integrated data processing 综合数据处理

?laser processing 激光加工

?Tweak (L. 7; para.6) n. 用力拉,好办法,拧,捏,扭, vt. 扭,用力拉

Eg. He gave the boy's ear a painful tweak.

Standing in front of the mirror she tweaked a strand of hair into place. Maybe you should tweak a few sentences before you send in the report. You just need to tweak the last paragraph and then it's done. Publication of the study will do more than tweak public awareness; it will enlighten doctors who have urged cousin couples not to have children.

此项研究的公开发表将不仅会扭转公众对这个问题的认识，它还将促使那些力劝近亲夫妻不要生育的医生摆脱偏见。

?Eclipse (L. 7; para. 6) vt. to make another person or thing seem much less important, good or famous引起日蚀,引起月蚀,使...黯然失色

Eg. The economy has eclipsed all other issues during this election campaign. Channel 5's tremendous line-up of TV programs has eclipsed its competitors' best efforts.

Our happiness was soon eclipsed by the terrible news.

我们的快乐没多久就被可怕的消息蒙上了一层阴影。

This news eclipses everything else. 这条消息使其他一切都显得无足轻重了。?eclipse: n.［u.］日食/月食

?PC proponents say phones are too small and connect too sluggishly to the Internet to become effective at tasks now performed on the luxuriously large screens and keyboards of today's computers.（L. 8; para. 6）Paraphrase: PC proponents say mobile phones are not as effective and workable as computers because of their small screens and slow working speed, especially when compared to computers with easy-to-use large screens and keyboards.

?句式分析：

?此句中的phones are too small and connect too sluggishly to the Internet to become effective at tasks now performed on the luxuriously large screens and keyboards of today's computer 是动词say的宾语从句。其中：主语为：phones；are too small and connect作并列谓语；to the Internet是一个介词短语；而to become effective为不定式，作状语；performed on the luxuriously large screens and keyboards of today's computer为分词短语，作定语修饰tasks。

?Jeff Hawkins（L. 1,page 138)

?Palm Computing公司在1993年由Jeff Hawkins和Donna Dubinsky共同创立。1994年，Jeff Hawkins发明了一种称为「Graffiti」的手写输入方法，只需简单的学习，人们就能很快掌握书写规则，在掌上电脑上可以达到几乎和正常手写一样的识别速度和识别正确率，这样便有效的解决了掌上电脑上的手写识别问题（比如Newton），因此Graffiti在Newton用户中很受欢迎。

同年，Hawkins开始了他第一部掌上电脑的设计构想，其实那个时候他的设想只是一个简单的电子助理－Organizer。

?Jeff Hawkins

?Jeff Hawkins (born June 1, 1957 in Huntington, New York) is the founder of Palm Computing (where he invented the Palm Pilot) and Handspring (where he invented the Treo). He has since turned to work on neuroscience

(神经系统科学) full-time and has founded the Redwood Neuroscience

Institute and published On Intelligence describing his memory-prediction framework theory of the brain. In 2003 he was elected as a member of the National Academy of Engineering "for the creation of the hand-held computing paradigm and the creation of the first commercially successful example of a hand-held computing device."

?Trot out （L.1; para. 7) v. ( infm.) to bring out for others to see or admire

炫耀, 提出...供考虑，使跑给人看

Eg. Don’t mention about anything like that, or he’ll trot out all his stamp collecting for everyone of us to see.

Sarah is very keen on athletics and can trot out the names of all the leading runners and their record times.

萨拉非常爱好体育运动，能说出所有最主要的赛跑者的姓名和他们的最佳成绩。

Charles trotted out his little bit of scientific nomenclature.

查尔斯炫耀他那点科学名词。

Whenever I ask him why his essay's late, he just trots out the same old excuses.

?Dub (L. 2; para. 7) vt. to give sth or sb a particular name, especially describing what you think of them [电影] 配音, 轻点, 授予称号, 打击

n. 鼓声, 笨蛋

Eg. She was dubbed by the newspapers 'The Angel of Beauty'.

The papers dubbed them The Fab Four'. 报刊给他们起了个绰号叫｀四绝＇. They dubbed him a traitor. 他们叫他卖国贼。

?Hit stores (L. 5; para. 7)

?Hit the shops/streets: if a product hits the shops, it becomes available to buy

Eg. I managed to get a copy of the book before it hit the shops.

Part Four Paras. 10-12

The future mobile phones one day could actually perform many of the functions of PC, like word processing and Web browsing.

?Mark Guibert (L. 2; para. 10)

?Vice President of Corporate Marketing at Research In Motion, where he is responsible for the strategy and implementation of corporate communication and marketing activities.

?Prior to joining RIM in 1997, Mark held various senior positions in sales and international marketing with ALL Computer Inc., AT&T (NCR), and most recently, Hewlett-Packard.

?Mark holds a Bachelor of Business Administration and received his Masters in Business from York University in Toronto. ?BlackBerry (L.3; para. 10)

BlackBerry业务是指把用户在邮件服务器收到的邮件，通过端到端的安全连接，主动推送给专有BlackBerry终端的一种业务形式。用户通过BlackBerry 业务可以随时随地使用专有终端接收、回复、转发、新建电子邮件和撰写加密电子邮件。

?To give sb a (good) run for money (L. 6; para.10): to compete very well against sb. so that it is hard for them to defeat you

与某人进行强劲的竞争

Eg. A new computer company is giving the others a run for their money. They've given some of the top teams a run for their money this season. Although our team failed to win the game, but they gave the other team a run for their money.

?To have a good run for your money: 得到应有的报偿

?To have the run of sth：可以在某地随心所欲做某事

?Stand-alone (L. 6; para. 10) [only before noun] a. capable of operating ?independently 【电脑】独立的

Eg. stand-alone system 独立系统stand-alone terminal 独立终端机?But not all mobile technologists think the ultimate promise of the mobile

phone ends there. (L1; para. 11)

What did the author mean by saying “ends there”? Why?

Within the next few decades, all phones will become mobile phones, all networks will be capable of receiving voice and Internet signals at broadband speeds…"You are going to have the equivalent of a persistent [fast] T1 line in your pocket.

?PalmOne's Hawkins thinks so.

?The inventor of the Palm Pilot and the Treo keeps a desktop PC and a thin Sony Vaio laptop in his office. Yet he waves at both dismissively, as if they were heading for the dustbin of history.

?Shrink (L. 7; para. 11)v. (shrank, shrunk) to become or to make something smaller in amount, size, or value

Eg. We want to expand the business, not shrink it.

The productivity improvements have shrunk our costs by 25%.

The boy shrank into a corner when the bully threatened to beat him.

恶棍威胁说要揍那男孩,男孩便退缩到一个角落里。

When his influence began to shrink, his wealth also decreased.

当他的影响缩小时,他的财富也减少了。

She shrinks from meeting strangers.她怕见生人。

?Boot (Last line, para. 11) (COMPUTER) v. (ALSO boot up)

?When a computer boots (up), it becomes ready for use by getting the necessary information into its memory, and when you boot (up) a computer, you cause it to do this.

?To start the program that makes a computer ready to be used 启动?Prophecy (L. 1; para. 12) n. ◆ [c.] a statement that something will happen in the future, especially one made by someone with religious or magic powers (usu. prophecy that-; prophecy of ) 预言, 预言能力

Eg. The prophecy that David would become king was fulfilled .

These doom and gloom prophecies are doing little to help the economy. ? [u.] the power or act of making statements about what will happen in the future 预告；预示; 预言

Eg. She had the gift of prophecy. The prophecy was fulfilled.

?Prophesy v.

Her ability to prophesy about the future made many people think she was a witch.

Part Five Paras. 13-14

Our cell phones aren’t likely to take the fastest road to its bright future. Innovation in the mobile industry is full of zigzags and wrong turns, but one day we’ll leave all PCs behind.

?…but Moore's Law—the inevitability of annual improvements in computing power—will help phones get there soon, provided that battery life can keep up. (L. 5; para. 13)

…but with the help of basic principle－Moore's Law－the phones will be capable to have enough processing power for speech recognition if the phones’ working hours can be matched up by the battery life span. ?Moore's Law (L5; para. 13)摩尔定律

Intel公司创建人之一戈登·摩尔（Gordon Moore）的经验法则。1965年，戈登?摩尔首次提出：硅芯片上的晶体管数量将会以每年一倍的速度翻番。人们把摩尔定律称为计算机革命的基础，而摩尔定律从那以后一直延续到今天，成为芯片业发展的圣经。

?Emit （L.9; para. 13) : v.( emitted ) to send out gas, heat, light, sound etc Eg. But soon after lunar sunrise, it emitted an extremely powerful blast of radio energy

Sleep becomes very deep as your brain emits high, wide delta waves.

The machine emits a high-pitched sound when you press the button. ?Emission n.

Eg. The increased use of natural gas will help reduce carbon dioxide emissions.?Perceive (L. 10; para. 13) v. to become aware of, know, or identify by means

of the senses

Eg. We perceived that we were unwelcome and left.

We had already perceived how the temperature fluctuated.

我们已注意到温度的波动情形.

He gradually perceived that his parents had been right.

他渐渐地了解到他的父母是对的。

?Plug-in (L. 11; para. 13) a piece of computer software that can be used in addition to existing software in order to make particular programs work properly [计] 插件程序

? a plug-in appliance

?plug-in unit 插件

?Outsource (L. 5; para. 14) to contract out (jobs, services, etc.)；to obtain goods or services from an outside supplier; 外包；(在IT软件行业)外包软件等Eg. Many companies outsource and hire consultants in order to maintain a flexible workforce。

Many large companies outsource their Web sites to hosting companies because those companies offer management services, taking care of security, updating software and providing site-monitoring services.

很多大公司把其网站外包给托管公司，因为这些公司提供管理服务，负责安全，更新软件和提供网站监视服务等。

?Protocol (L. 7; para. 14) n. [u. c.] the system of rules and acceptable behaviour used at official ceremonies and occasions; a formal international agreement; (technical) an established method for connecting computers so that they can exchange information; a computer language enabling computers that are connected to each other to communicate 草案, 协议

Eg. The Geneva Protocol of 1925 prohibits the use of poisonous gases in war. The companies said they will share technology and develop a standard set of communication protocols.

?More examples:

?protocol handling input / output steam 协议处理输入／出码流?protocol identifier (PID) 协议标识符

?protocol conformance test 协议一致性测试

?protocol procedure 协议程序

?Key To Ex. II P153

Part A 1. the existing technology

2. voice commands

3. cellular network

4. slot for added memory

5. have computerlike features

6. a built-in digital camera

7. set up temporary offices

8. word processing power

9. qwerty keyboard

10. location-based services Part B

1. 闪存容量

2. 手机观察家们

3. 投影键盘

4. 个人电脑的捍卫者

5. 语音识别系统

6. “双铰”式设计“

7. 按钮式拨号式键盘

8. 手机迷

9. 豪华大屏显

10. 智能手机