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2020年12月六级选词填空练习题(3）Section A
Directions： In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
Culture is the sum total of all the traditions, customs, beliefs, and ways of life of a given group of human beings. In this (36), every group has a culture, however savage, undeveloped, or uncivilized it may seem to us.
To the professional anthropologist (人类学家), there is no intrinsic(37)of one culture over another, just as to the professional linguist there is no intrinsic hierarchy(等级制度) among languages.
People once thought of the languages of backward groups as (38) and undeveloped forms of speech,consisting largely of grunts and groans. While it is possible that language in general began as a series of grunts and groans, it is a
fact established by the study of "backward" languages that no spoken tongue answers that description today. Most languages of uncivilized groups are, by our most severe standards, extremely complex, delicate, and ingenious pieces of
machinery for the(39)of ideas. They fall behind our Western languages not in their sound patterns or(40 )structures, which usually are fully adequate for all language needs, but only in their vocabularies, which41the objects and activities known to their speakers. Even in this department, however,two things are to be noted： 1. All languages seem to(42)the machinery for vocabulary expansion, either by putting together words already in existence or by borrowing them from other languages and adapting them to their own system. 2. The objects and activities requiring names and distinctions in"backward" languages, while different from ours, are often surprisingly(43)and complicated.
This study of language, in turn, (44)a new light upon the claim of the anthropologists that all cultures are to be viewed(45), and without ideas of rank or hierarchy.
A. savage
B. superiority
C. conceive
D. transfer
E. identification
F.grammatical
G. reflect
H. reveals
I. numerous
J . independently
K. exclusive
L. casts
M. sense
N. confidentially
O. possess
文化是人类某一特定群体所有传统、风俗、信仰及生活方式的总和。从这种[36]意义上说，每个群体都有一种文化，不管在我们看来，它是多么野蛮、不发达或未开化。
对于专业的人类学家来说，没有哪种文化在本质上比另一种[37]
优越，这就像对于专业的语言学家来说。语言之间并没有内在的等级
一样。
人们以前认为落后群体的语言就是[38]野蛮的、不发达的言语形式，主要包括咕哝和呻吟。即使一般来说，语言有可能是以一系列的
咕哝和呻吟的形式开始的，但是，通过对“落后”语言的研究证实，
今天没有哪种语言符合这种描述。按照我们的最严格标准来讲，作为[39]传递思想的工具，多数未开化人群的语言极其复杂、缜密，并具
有独创性。这些语言在语音模式或[40]语法结构上通常能完全满足语
言的所有需求，并不落后于我们西方的语言，比我们落后的仅仅[41]
反映这些说话者所知物体及活动的词汇。不过，即使是在这方面，也
有两点值得一提：1.所有语言都[42]拥有拓展词汇的机制，要么是通
过将现存词汇组合在一起来拓展，要么是通过从其他语言中借入一些
词并将其改造以适合自身体系来实现。2.在这些[43]“落后的”语言中，即使那些需要名字及区分的物体及活动与我们不同，它们却
都经常是多得出奇、复杂得出奇。
对于语言的研究反过来让人们对人类学家的断言——所有的文化
都该被[45]独立看待，而不该带着等级观点去看待——[44]有了新的
理解。
36.M
语法判断：分析句子结构可知，该空后面是一个完整的句子，初
步判断介词短语inthis——在句中作状语。分析此短语可知，inthis
后缺少一个单数名词。
语义判断：符合上述语法条件的单词有superiority、transfer、identification、sense四项，而这些名词中能够与inthis构成介词
短语的只有sense，inthis sense意为“从这个意义上讲”，符合此
处文意，故选M。
37.B
语法判断：分析句子结构可知，该空缺少一个单数名词，一则因
为前面的谓语是系动词is，二则因为前面的形容词no是用来修饰名词的。
语义判断：符合上述语法条件的单词有三个：superiority意为“优越性”，transfer意为“转移;转换”，identification意为
“鉴别;身份证明”。本句的大意是“没有哪种文化在本质上比另一种
优越”，所以，只有superiority符合文意。
38.A
语法判断：分析句子结构可知，该空缺少一个形容词，与并列的
形容词undeveloped共同修饰后面的名词forms。
语义判断：符合上述语法条件的形容词有四个：savage意为“野
蛮的”，9rammatical意为“语法的”，numerous意为“很多的”，exclusive意为“单独的”。把这四项代入原文后可知savage比较贴
合文意。
39.D
语法判断：分析句子结构可知，该空位于介词短语
forthe__________ofideas之中。分析此短语可知，该空缺少一个名词。
语义判断：符合上述语法条件的单词有transfer和
identification两个，只有transfer与后面的0fideas构成的短语transfer ofideas(传递思想)符合这里的语义表达，故选D。
40.F
语法判断：分析句子结构可知，该空所处的位置是not…or…并列结构，intheir省略掉了，所以，此处缺少一个与其前面的sound形成并列关系的名词或形容词，来修饰后面的structures。
语义判断：结合前面38题的“语义判断”，可知只有形容词grammatical(i吾法的)符合这里的语义表达，修饰后面的structures，表示“语法结构”，故选F。
41.G
语法判断：分析句子结构可知，该空所处的句子是一个which引
导的非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的名词vocabularies，该空应填入
一个复数的谓语动词。
语义判断：符合上述语法条件的单词有conceive(构想)、
reflect(反映)和possess(拥有)三个。结合此处文意“反映这些说话
者所知物体及活动的词汇”，可知reflect为准确答案。
42.O
语法判断：分析句子结构可知，该空缺少一个动词原形，构成seemtodo sth.这个常用表达。
语义判断：符合上述语法条件的单词有conceive和possess两个。结合语境，本句的大意是“所有语言都拥有拓展词汇的机制”。所以possess为准确答案。
43.I
语法判断：分析句子结构可知，该空缺少一个形容词作表语，和complicated并列。
语义判断：结合前面38题和40题的“语义判断”，并结合此处
文意“多得出奇”，可知应填入numerous。故选I。
44.L
语法判断：分析句子结构可知，该空缺少一个动词，且应为第三
人称单数形式，因为前面的主语是this study。
语义判断：符合上述语法条件的单词有casts(投射;铸造)和reveals(揭示)两个。结合语境，本句的大意是“对于语言的研究反过
来让人们对人类学家的断言有了新的理解”，所以，只有casts符合。cast anewlight on/upon意为“使人们对……有新的理解”。
45.J
语法判断：分析句子结构可知，该空前是一个完整的主系表结构
的句子，判断该空应填入一个副词来修饰前面的动词view。
语义判断：符合上述语法条件的单词有independently和confidentially两个。结合语境，本句的大意是“所有的文化都该被
独立看待”，可知independently为准确答案，故选J。
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英语六级选词填空解题思路(词性分类表)
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案;3-4个动词正确答案+1-2个动词干扰答案；2-3个形容词正确答案+ 1个形容词干扰答案；2-3个副词正确答案+1个副词干扰答案。 根据选线特点我们把选项中的单词分为四类：动词、名词、形容词、副词。 在这套题中的单词四类为： 动词:assume, disagree, illustrating, observe, spoiling, un derestimate 形容词：con fide ntial, forthco ming, optimistic 畐U词：mysteriously, radically, separately 名词：formula, package, reality 三、结合空格前后内容，寻找线索 注意空格前后的结构和搭配，在选词时，要保证所选的词的词性、单复数、时态和意义均符合文章上下文要求，从而保证文章前后通顺、流畅。同时在做题过程中可以先确定自己比较有把握的单词，这样通过排除法逐渐减少备选词汇。 四、重读全文，查漏补缺，核实答案 选择完成后，考生如果有时间可以核查全文，重点看不确定的单词是否选择合理。如果没有时间，大家就只需看自己做题时把握不大的单词，并根据文章进行推敲核实。 以上是关于英语六级考试中选词填空这一题型同学们需要掌握的解题步骤。大家在平时练习时，要注意运用这些技巧进行解题，这样你会
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1. One in five US workers regularly attends after-work drinks with co-workers, where the most common 36 range from bad-mouthing （说…的坏话）another worker to kissing a colleague and drinking too much, according to a study 37 on Tuesday. Most workers attend so-called happy hours to 38 with colleagues, although 15 percent go to hear the latest office gossip and 13 percent go because they feel obliged, said the survey conducted for CareerBuilder., on online job site. As to what happens when the after-work drinks flow, 16 percent reported bad-mouthing a colleague, 10 percent shared a secret about a colleague, 8 percent kissed a colleague and 8 percent said they drank too much and acted 39 . 5 percent said they had shared a secret about the company, and 4 percent 40 to singing karaoke. While 21 percent of those who attend say happy hours are good for 41 , 85 percent said attending had not helped them get 42 to someone higher up or get a better position. An equal number of men and women said they attend happy hours with co-workers, with younger workers aged 25 to 34 most likely and workers over 55 least 43 to attend. Overall, 21 percent of workers attend happy hours with co-workers and, of those, 44 a quarter go at least once a month. The survey was 45 online by Harris Interactive on behalf of CareerBuilder, among 6,987 full-time employees. KEY: F M A K N L E H C I
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