选修7unit4导学案第七八课时语法
第七、八课时：关系代词引导的定语从句
主备人：赵德宏贾存媛授课人：授课时间：评价：
学习目标：1.让学生熟练掌握本单元单词和短语，能够准确应用这些单词和短语完成句子。
2.小组合作，自主探究。
3.激情投入，快乐学习。
使用说明&方法指导：1.小组合作前学生必须独立完成这张学案并思考
2.学生间主动积极合作
3.生认真查阅相关的信息(包括词典和练习册)并组织讨论. 重点＆难点：让学生学会关系代词引导的定语从句的用法
上节目标检测
1.他正在街上走着,这时遇到了一位老朋友
2.她昨天的确来这里了收到…..的来信
be dying to do sth. 不久前的一天. 与……相关
dry up to be honest participate in
look at oneself in the mirror smooth down
本节目标展示及讲解
定语：用来描述名词或代词的修饰语。
She is a lovely girl. We love our country. This is a stone desk.
定语的位置：This is a flower basket. This is a basket full of flowers. This is a basket that I want to put flowers in.
(一)定义：定语从句---在主从复合句中，用来修饰名词或代词的从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。
关系词有两类：
1.关系代词主要有：which ,that, who, whom, whose, as
2.关系副词：when, where, why
关系词有三个作用：1.连接作用：连接主句与从句2.成分作用:在定语从句中充当一个成分，如主，宾，定，状等。3.替代作用：代替某一名词，代词或某一句话的内容。
（二）关系代词的基本用法
注意：1.关系代词做宾语时，可省略。
2.定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。
3. whose+n=the+n+of which\whom=of which\whom+the+n
（三）特殊情况
1.在限制性定语从句中指物时用that不用which的情况
(1)先行词为不定代词all, everything, nothing, anything, something, none, few, any, little, much, some等时。All that glitters is not gold.
(2)先行词被all, every, no, any, very, both, the last, the only, the very等修饰时
The only thing that I should do is to study hard.
(3)先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时
This is the best film that I have seen.
(4)先行词既指人又指物时
They talked about the schools and teachers that they had visited.
(5)主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时.
Who is the boy that is reading carefully?
(6)先行词在定语从句中做to be的表语时（无论先行词是人还是物）
My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be.
2.指物时只用which不用that引导定语从句的情况。
（1）引导非限制性定语从句时
English, which is a beautiful language, is spoken all over the world.
(2)当关系代词前有介词时
This is the house in which he once lived.
(3)先行词本身就是that时
That which you told me is what I want to know.
3.在限制性定语从句中指人时只能用who不用that的情况
(1)先行词为he, everyone, those, one, they且指人时
He who laughs last laughs best.
(2)There be句型中，先行词指人时
There is a beautiful girl who is waiting for you.
(3)一个句子中有两个定语从句，先行词都是人，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that，另一个宜用who，以免重复。
The students that won the first prize is the monitor who studies hard.
4. as的用法:(as 引导定语从句, 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语)
①如为限制性的，多用于the same …as ; the same as；such …as …; as many/much as；so …as等结构中。如：
※1.I have the same book you (have). 我有一本和你的一样的书。
2.Her attitude to him was quite the same it had always been. (关系代词as和指示代词same连用, 在从句中用作表语, 先行词是same.)
3.We will only discuss such problems have something to do with our own interests.
4.Don't do such things you are not sure about. 比较：I live in the same house that he used to live in.(that所指的是和先行词是同一个) I'm wearing the same shirt as you wore yesterday.(as所知的是同一类不同的) 比较：Here is so big a stone as no one can lift.（定语从句，as在从句中作宾语）Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.（结果状语从句,that在从句中不作任何成分）
5.在定语从句中当way作先行词且关系词在从句中做状语时，其后的定从常用___________ 或___________引导，也可省略。
导练：I don’t like the way he looks at me.
（四）限制性定语从句中的主谓一致
先行词是“one of + 复数名词”结构时，关系代词引导的定语从句中谓语动词一般使用复数形式；但如有the, the only, the first, the last, the right 等修饰one 时，谓语动词用单数。
This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked.
这是被问过的最有趣的问题之一。
She is the only one of the girls who studies hard.
她是这些女孩中唯一一个刻苦学习的。
（五）定语从句中常见的错误
1.缺先行词：Is this school that you visited last year?
该句缺先行词，应在“school”后面加上“the one”
2.缺引导词：Children eat a lot of sugar often have bad teeth.
应在“children”后面加上“who”，关系代词作主语时不能省略。
4.成分重复：This is the house where I lived there years ago. “where”和“there”句
子成分重复，应去掉.
本节目标训练及检测
一．用适当的关系代词填空
1. He did all / everything ______ he could to help me.
2. Those want to go with me put up your hands.
3. We talked about the men and the things _______ we remembered at school.
4. He is the only man _______ can do the work.
5. This is the first thing _______ I want to say.
6. He is the finest man _______ I have ever worked with.
7. Who is the man _______ spoke to you at the gate.
8. This is such an easy question I can answer.
9. Is there anything_____ you don’t understand about the problem？
10. This is the very book _____ I have been looking for.
11. All the presents _____ your friends gave you on your birthday should be put away.
12. The house in we live is very small.
13. He was late for the ceremony, ______ was very surprising to me.
14. Michael Jackson danced well was famous all over the world.
15. The person to you spoke is a student of Grade Two.
16. The house roof is brown is mine.
17. Titanic is the ship sank after hitting the iceberg.
18. Jay Chou is a singer is very young.
19. This is the bike he bought last week.
20. He does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
本节目标作业
1. Many children, _____parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village.
A. their
B. whose
C. of them
D. with whom
2. They’ve won their last three matches, _____I find a bit surprised actually.
A. that
B. when
C. what
D. which
3. A person _____ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mail.
A. who
B. whom
C. whose
D. whoever
4. That is a day ________ I will never forget.
A. which
B. on which
C. in which
D. when
7. The man pulled out a gold watch, _____were made of small diamonds. A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. the hands of which
5. He is such a good teacher_____ we all like him. A. whom B. that C. as
D. which
6. He is such a good teacher_____ we all like. A. whom B. that C. as
D. which
7. The train ran over a boy and his dog were just crossing the railroad.
A. who
B. which
C. that
D. as
8. He is good at English , _______we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what
9. Because of my poor memory, all you told me had been forgotten.
A. who
B. what
C. which
D.\
10. Who met the famous actor was not impressed by his manners?
A. whom
B. that
C. who
D. which
11. The place interested me most was the Children’s Palace.
A. which
B. where
C. what
D. who
12. I can tell you he told me last week.
A. all which
B. all what
C. that all
D. all that
13. Do you know the man?
A. whom I spoke
B. to who spoke
C.I spoke to
D. that I spoke
14. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, was more than we could expect. (08年高考题) A. it B. what C. which D. that
15. My friend showed me round the town, was very kind of him. (09年高考题)
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. it
16. I refuse to accept the blame for something was someone else’s fault.（10年高考题）
A. who
B. that
C. as
D. what