SSAT写作讲课教案

SSAT写作

1．题型

SSAT作文题目主要分为三大类：谚语（proverb）、陈述（statement）及开放性问题（open question）。三类题目举例如下：

谚语类举例：

Topic: Practice makes perfect.

Assignment: Do you agree or disagree with the topic statement? Support your position with one or two specific examples from your own experience, the experience of others, current events, history, or literature.

陈述类举例：

Topic: Students should wear uniforms to school.

Assignment: Do you agree or disagree with the topic statement? Support your position with one or two specific examples from your own experience, the experience of others, current events, history, or literature.

开放性问题举例1：

If I could visit another city, I would choose…

开放性问题举例2：

How can we help the elderly in our community?

谚语与陈述类话题类似，题目由两部分组成：topic和assignment，写作要求为：针对话题表明态度（agree or disagree）；然后采用1-2个具体的例子支持观点，例子来源于考生自己的生活经验、他人的生活经验、时事、历史以及文学。开放性问题类型较为多样，通常有两种模式：1. 给出一个不完整的句子，让考生将该句话补充完整，并作为文章的开头继续写下去；2. 给出一个问题让考生回答。

2．题目举例

如下是三类题型的分别举例，题目来源于：各类参考书、模拟题以及真题Proverb

1.The grass is always greener on the other side of the fence.

2.Every cloud has a silver lining.

3.Experience is the best teacher.

4.Actions speak louder than words.

5.Haste makes waste.

6.Two heads are better than one.

7.Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.

8.The best things in life are free.

9.All that glitters is not gold.

10.All things are difficult before they are easy.

11.Practice makes perfect.

12.Nothing can be gained without some loss.

13.Winter comes fast on the lazy.

14.Honesty is the best policy.

15.The first step is the hardest.

16.Cooperation is better than competition.

17.Good ideas often come as jokes.

18.To destroy is easier than to build.

19.Without valley there will be no peak.

Statement

1.Free speech on the Internet should be protected at all costs.

2.We learn more from mistakes than from our success.

3.Thanks to technological advances, the world is getting smaller every day.

4.Capital punishment serves no purpose and should be ended.

5.Tougher registrations should be imposed on buying handguns.

6.V oting is such an important responsibility that all citizens should be required to vote in every

election.

7.We have become too dependent on technology in our lives today.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/9d344853.html,cation means developing the mind, not stuffing the memory.

9.The most important qualities of a hero are bravery, compassion, and selflessness.

10.We can reduce the level of violence in society today by stronger gun control.

11.Sports in a school should be considered as important as academics.

12.Travelling is one way to learn about other cultures.

13.Studying the past is one way to prepare for the future.

14.Pets provide more for owners than owners provide for the animals.

15.Students should wear uniforms to school.

16.Everyone should be computer literate.

17.Every day we have new things to learn.

18. A person is known by his or her friends.

19.If a job is worth doing, it is worth doing well.

20.It is better to study with your eyes than with your ears.

21.Going backwards is the best way for us to move forwards.

22.Where you have been is not as important as where you are going.

23.People talk faster when they don’t know what to say.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/9d344853.html,mon things are more useful than normal education.

25. A perso n’s greatest limitation is bad attitude.

26.It is easier to succeed by doing less.

Open question

1.How can we help the elderly in our community?

2.What I value most in life is…

3.Pretend you and your family could go any place you wanted for one day. Where would you go?

What would you do?

4.The event that most changed my life was… Explain why.

5.I never felt better than when I…

6.If I could visit another city, I would choose…

7.What matters more? The things you know or the things you do not.

8.If you can meet a person in the past, which one would you like to meet?

3. 文章的结构

SSAT文章通常写4-5段，一共分为三个部分：开头（introduction）、主干（body）和结尾（conclusion）。开头和结尾各一段，主干写2-3段。

如下是各部分的相应模板、句型等。

开头1段：第1段：主题句开宗明义表达观点，衔接/过渡句总领全文并引出下文

开头1：题目为proverb

There is a well-known proverb that says, “…” This common saying means that… In general, this statement is true/false. … is a perfect example of what it means./ I would like to explain why with the following example(s).

例1：Two heads are better than one.

There is a well-known proverb that says, “Two heads are better than one.” This common saying means that if people work together as a team they could probably have a better chance of solving a problem. In general this statement is true. My experience of solving a math problem is a perfect example of what it means./I would like to explain why with the following example.

*部分同意（不建议写部分同意，仅供参考）

There is a well-known proverb that says, “…” This common saying means that… I agree with this statement partially, because…

开头2：题目Topic为proverb或者statement

Some people believe t hat…, while others concern that... There are so many evidences

showing that…, yet I still agree that...

例1：Two heads are better than one.

Some people believe that if people work together, they could solve problems more quickly, while others concern that it is hard to get solutions/reach consensus within teams. There are so many evidences showing that the teamwork is not necessarily efficient than working alone, yet I still agree that cooperation is better/I agree with the former that cooperation is better.

The former前者the latter后者

例2：Capital punishment serves no purpose and should be ended.

Some people believe that capital punishment should be ended because it serves no purpose, while others concern that people who have made serious mistakes/committed crimes must be punished severely. There are many evidences showing that the death penalty is meaningful to national security to some extent, yet I still agree with the point that it should be abolished/we should put an end to it due to the discord between its brutality and modern civilization.

例3：Free speech on the Internet should be protected at all costs.

Some people believe that free speech on the Internet should be protected at all costs, while others concern that too much freedom might lead to unexpected negative results. There are so many evidences showing that it is useful and necessary to ensure people their freedom to express what they want to, I still disagree with the statement and believe freedom of this kind should be limited.

*以上开头模式较为复杂，可以适当进行缩减：

Some people believe that…, while others concern that… In my opinion/As far as I am concerned, I agree with the former/latter that…

例1：Haste makes waste

Some people believe that we cannot save any time by working too fast, while others concern that the results will not be produced on time if we don’t work in a hurry. In my opinion/as far as I am concerned, I agree with the former that hurrying in work and study will cause us to make mistakes.

开头3：proverb或者statement

I agree that… Judging from the experien ce of one of my friends/one of my classmates/my teacher/my parent(s)/myself, it is especially so…

例1：Two heads are better than one.

People always say that,“Two heads are better than one.” I agree that if teammates work together, they have a better chance of solving problems than a person working alone, as indicated by this proverb. Judging from the experience of myself, it is especially so important to understand the significance of cooperation. (红色的部分是针对话题为proverb增加，起到引入话题并将话题和paraphrase关联在一起的作用。后同，不再另注)

例2：Free speech on the Internet should be protected at all costs.

I agree that the free speech should be protected on the Internet at all costs. Judging from the experience of myself, it is especially so important to ensure that people have rights to express what they want on the Internet which is considered an open medium.

开头4：Proverb或者statement

I do strongly support the idea that… I will support my point of view with the following example(s).

例1：Two heads are better than one.

People always say that, “Two heads are better than one.” I do strongly support the idea that if people work as a team, they could finish tasks more efficiently than a person working alone, as indicated by this proverb. I will support my point of view with the following examples.

例2：Free speech on the Internet should be protected at all costs.

I do strongly support the idea that the free speech should be protected on the Internet at all costs, because it is of great importance to ensure people’s freedom to express what they want in t he open medium—the Internet. I will support my point of view with the following examples.

开头5：Proverb或者statement

This saying is quite self-evident. We do need to… in order to…/In everyday life, we may enc ounter… To make my point clear, I will offer you the following examples.

例1：Two heads are better than one

There is a well-known proverb that says, “Two heads are better than one.” This saying is quite self-evident. We do need to cooperate with others in order to complete tasks more efficiently./In everyday life, we may encounter situations where teamwork is needed to ensure high efficiency. To make my point of view clear, I will offer you with the following examples.

例2：Free speech on the Internet should be protected at all costs.

Some people think/believe/deem/consider free speech on the Internet should be protected at all costs. This saying is quite self-evident. We do need to ensure people their freedom to express what they want to in order to keep the Internet as an open medium. To make my point of view clear, I will offer you with the following examples.

例3：Capital punishment serves no purpose and should be ended.

Some people believe that capital punishment serves no purpose and should be ended. This saying is quite self-evident, because death penalty is not humane and it deprives those criminals of chances to change themselves. To make my point of view clear, I will offer you with the following examples.

开头6：statement（尤其针对社会类话题）

The issue of… is a complex and sensitive one. It is difficult to say…/Whet her… depends on many factors. Opinions towards this issue vary. However, as far as I am concerned, I will definitely…

例1：Free speech on the Internet should be protected at all costs.

The issue of free speech on the Internet is a complex and sensitive one. It is difficult to say whether we should protect it or not. Opinions towards this issue vary. However, as far as I am concerned, I will definitely agree with the point that we should protect it at all costs.

例2：Capital punishment serves no purpose and should be ended.

The issue of capital punishment is a complex and sensitive one. Whether it should be ended or not depends on many factors. Opinions towards this issue vary. However, as far as I am concerned, I will definitely agree

开头7：Proverb或者statement

Ov erall, I disagree with the opinion expressed. I would like to begin by pointing out that… To support my point of view, I will present you with two examples.

例1：Capital punishment serves no purpose and should be ended.

Overall, I disagree with the opinion expressed. I would like to begin by pointing out that capital punishment is meaningful in some aspects. To support my point of view, I will present you with 2 examples.

主干2-3段：第2段-第3段/第4段

第2段：调查：谁做的调查，调查对象是什么，以什么方式做的调查，调查结果，调查结果所反映的问题

An investigation to…(XX数量的人), by…(XX教授、专家、研究人员、社会学家), from…（什么地方的专家）, by/in the way of asking question…, shows that...

例：

An investigation, to 10,000 Chinese citizens, by professor Hu/experts/researchers/sociologists, from Peking University, in the way of asking question “should capital punishment be ended/do you agree that capital punishment should be ended because it serves no purpose”, shows over/about 80% of them think that government should end the death penalty/extremely severe sentence.

There is an investigation to…(XX数量的人), by…(XX教授、专家、研究人员、社会学家), from…（什么地方的专家）, by/in the way of asking question… Statistics shows…

例：

There is An investigation to 10,000 Chinese citizens, by professor

Hu/experts/researchers/sociologists, from Peking University, in the way of asking question “should capital punishment be ended/do you agree that capital punishment should be ended

because it serves no purpose” Statistics show that over/about 80% of them think that government should end the death penalty/extremely severe sentence.

为了增加字数，还可以在调查前面增加进行该调查的背景，在调查后面加上对该调查结果的分析。

The issue/argument/controversy has drawn great attention/interest of some sociologists/researchers and many/a lot of research have been implemented/carried out. Among them an investigation to… by… from… in the way of asking question “…” shows that… Accordingly,we can see that … is accepted by the public.

例：

The issue has drawn great attention of some researchers. A lot of research have been carried out. Among them, an investigation to 1,000 Chinese citizens by professor Li from Peking University in the way of asking question “do you agree that capital punishment should be ended because it serves no purpose”, shows that over 80% percent of them choose positive answer and think that government should put an end to death penalty. Accordingly, we could see the abolishment of capital punishment is accepted commonly by the public.

第3/3-4段：举例子

段首主题句（Topic Sentence）：例子的简要介绍+例子是如何支持题目的

例1：

Topic: Experience is the best teacher.

Thomas Edison, one of the greatest inventor of the world and who had only three month schooling, made great achievement through repeated trials and fails.

The United states, the first great democracy of the modern world, is also one of the best examples of success achieved by studying and learning from earlier failures.

The example of Shi Yuzhu’s success as an entrepreneur in various fields also shows how effectively learning from mistakes and failures can be.

例2：

Topic: Honesty is the best policy.

Washington, the first president of United States, learned the importance of honesty when he was a little boy. (Washington and the cherry tree).

The Watergate Scandal of Richard Nixon, has also proved that being dishonest can cause devastating results.

例子的来源：

1．自己的经验：

Example 1:

In our daily life, the idea th at “the simple r the better” always takes hold; and you will find that behind every outcome there is always a direct cause. Take myself for example: last year, I screwed my final exam up. I might find many excuses for myself: like my getting a flu during that period, the teachers’ putting too many difficult questions on the papers or the lack of enough time to prepare. Instead, I asked myself: what is the main reason? At last, I had to admit that I didn’t do my best to prepare for this exam; I took too much time worrying and playing rather than reading books. I was the one to be blamed. Realizing this, I put more energy on my study and my scores rise dramatically this year.

Example 2:

As an individual, I believe that a knowledgeable person cannot be easily dominated. Before attending school, I was the type to play outside all day and could not keep quiet. However, my elder sister was an exception only because of the fact that she could play some tricks, which seemed very interesting and mystical to me. For example, she could make an egg, which had already sunk to the bottom of a glass of water, float on the surface again. I, as a native child, was always fascinated by this and as a result, I kept quiet when my sister was around. However, when I learned physic s in school, I learned the principle of the trick was simple. The trick’s fascination lied in my ignorance.

Example 3:

At the age of 15, I was senior high school student. Because I always scored high in mathematics, physics and English, my teacher arranged for me to help a student who did not score so high in these subjects. After class, she often asked me some questions. I explained them patiently to her. However, when I taught her the lessons I was surprised to find that some ideas were obscure to me as well. In order to clearly understand these points for myself and my classmate, I reviewed the textbook and consulted my teacher. Thus, I was able to master the knowledge and teach it to my classmate. While tutoring, both my classmate and I were able to increase our test scores.

Example 4:

I remember when I was a little girl; I always thought my mother was unfair: she loved my little brother more than me. However, later something happened and change this opinion. One day, I got a bad cold and had to stay in the hospital. I was sick for about a month, and my mother was always there to look after me. She never failed to cheer me up whenever she noticed that I was down. She cooked many delicious foods for me and told me many funny stories. I told many things to her including the idea that she loved my brother more. To my surprise, she didn’t get mad at me for a long time. It was then I realized that how much she loved me. That is my happiest hour.

2．他人的经验：

Example 1:

The first example is the renowned scientist Benjamin Franklin who had made many discoveries through experience. His family was quite poor so he had to quit school very early. Despite his lack of schooling, Franklin had many ideas on how to improve people’s lives. For example, he organized one of the first public libraries in America. He also started the first fire department and one of the first hospitals in Philadelphia. He busied himself with plans to improve city streets and lighting. Here Franklin’s example perfectly proves that education isn’t a lways the best way to make us intelligent, like his lacking education also makes him creative and clever in science.

Example 2:

People may admire Edison’s great inventions, Van Gough’s precious paintings, and Madonna’s hot body; however, people don’t see what they did for the achievements. Take Edison for example. Before an invention is ready to come out, Edison and his assistants may try hundreds of times to find out how to make the inventions work or more perfect. When Edison discovered light bulb, he used more than one thousand different materials to be used as the bulb filament. Hence, people can use light bulb all over the world because of Edison’s hard work.

Example 3:

This saying is applied to everyone ranging from people not known widely to some of the influential figures, like Terry Fox. In case you don’t know him, he was Canadian and an unfortunate victim of cancer. Later, he realized that the doctors had to amputate his leg lest the cancer cells would spread. So, after his leg was severed, he decided to run across Canada. During his journey, unfortunately, the doctors realized that before they amputated his leg, the cancer cells had already spread and now his lungs had been affected. As a result, he died. By losing his leg, he aspired to raise money for other cancer victims by running across Canada, so without the cancer in his body, he wouldn’t have been running across Canada achieving his incredible goal.

3．文学

Example 1:

Another example which can testify this saying came from a book which I like to read very much. Quasimoto, the dramatist personae of The Hunchback of Notre Dame, was an ugly ringer. He loved a pretty woman called La Esmerelda. He saved the woman many times from the hierarch. At last, after the hierarch killed the woman, he killed the hierarch. Though he had an ugly appearance, he was regarded as the most beautiful person for his goodness. If we don’t know him, we must be frightened when we see this monster figure.

Example 2:

A literary example of this is Tom Marvolo Riddle, also known as Lord V oldemort in Harry Portter and the Chamber of Secrets by J. K. Rowling. During his teenage years, Tom was brilliant and achieved great success in many fields, including the Dark Arts. As he progressed and continued to study, his interest grew into a passion which led him down the path of evil. Progress led him down the wrong path so here we can see progress can also be negative.

Example 3:

A good example can be found in the short story called The Last Leaf, one of O’Henry’s well known novels. Johnsy and Sue are artist who move into Greenwich Village in New York City. As winter approaches and the weather gets colder, Johnsy becomes ill with pneumonia. She gets so sick that she believes that when the last leaf falls from the vine outside her window, she will die. An old artist, named Behrman, who lives in the same building as the girls, braves a storm one night to paint a leaf on the wall—a leaf that will never fall. Cold and wet from painting in the icy rain, he catches pneumonia and dies. This white lie gives Johnsy the hope to survive her illness, and it also creates the masterpiece Behrman had always dreamed of painting.

结尾：第4段/第5段：总结全文，呼应开头

All in all/ In conclusion/To summarize my point/To sum up/Finally,…

From the example(s) mentioned above, we can clearly see that… Therefore, it is true…/I agree with the point that…

Finally, it is safe for us to conclude that…

As you can see from the examples above, I agree…

From above, we can clearly see…

So according to my personal example, such a conclusion is quite clear that…

The example of xxx and xxx have vividly/ clearly showed that …….

例：

From the examples mentioned above, we can clearly see that capital punishment is not only cruel and inhumane but also unnecessary. More civilized sentences could be adopted so that the criminals’ labor force could be made full use of. Therefore, I agree with the point that capital punishment should be ended.

4．文章的语言

动词+介词短语

形容词+介词短语

35个经典句型：

1.…the + ~ est + 名词+ (that) + 主词+ have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc) 或

者…the most + 形容词+ 名词+ (that) + 主词+ have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)

例句：

Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen. 海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩

Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had. 张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。

2.Nothing is + ~er than to + V 或者Nothing is + more + 形容词+ than to + V

例句：

Nothing is more important than to receive education. 没有比接受教育更重要的事。3.… cannot emphasize the import ance of … too much. （再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。）

例句：

We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。

4.There is no denying that + S + V ...（不可否认的...）/It is undeniable that…

例句：

There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse. 不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。

5.It is universally acknowledged that + 句子（全世界都知道...）

例句：

It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us. 全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。

6.There is no doubt that + 句子（毫无疑问的...）

例句：

There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired. 毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。

7.An advantage of … is that + 句子（...的优点是...）

例句：

An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create (produce) any pollution. 使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。

8.The reason why + 句子is that + 句子（...的原因是...）

例句：

The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air. 我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。

9.So + 形容词+ be + 主词+ that + 句子（如此...以致于...）

例句：

So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it. 时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。

10.Adj + as + Subject（主词）+ be, S + V…（虽然...）

例句：

Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory. (by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不) 虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。

11.The + ~er + S + V…, the + ~er + S + V…或者The + more + Adj + S + V…, the + more +

Adj + S + V …（愈...愈...）

例句：

The harder you work, the more progress you make. 你愈努力，你愈进步。

The more books we read, the more learned we become. 我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。12.By +Ving, … can …（借着...，..能够…）

例句：By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy. 借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。

13.… enable + Object（受词）+ to + V （..使..能够..）

例句：

Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed. 听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。

14.On no account can we + V …（我们绝对不能...）

例句：

On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge. 我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。15.It is time + S + 过去式（该是...的时候了）

例句：

It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems. 该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。

16.Those who …（...的人...）

例句：

Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished. 违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。

17.There is no one but …（没有人不...）

例句：

There is no one but longs to go to college. 没有人不渴望上大学。

18.be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V （不得不...）

例句：

Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports. 既然考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃做运动。

19.It is conceivable that + 句子（可想而知的）

It is obvious that + 句子（明显的）

It is apparent that + 句子（显然的）

例句：It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life. 可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。

20.That is the reason why…（那就是...的原因）

例句：

Summer is sultry. That is the reason why I don't like it. 夏天很湿热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。

21.For the past + 时间，S + 现在完成式...（过去...年来，...一直...）

例句：

For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination. 过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。

22.Since + S + 过去式，S + 现在完成式。

例句：

Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard. 自从他上高中，他一直很用功。

23.It pays to + V…（...是值得的。）

例句：

It pays to help others. 帮助别人是值得的。

24.be based on （以...为基础）

例句：

The progress of thee society is based on harmony. 社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。

25.Spare no effort to + V （不遗余力的）make an effort to do sth.

例句：

We should spare no effort to beautify our environment. 我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。

26.bring home to + 人+ 事（让...明白...事）

例句：

We should bring home to people the value of working hard. 我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。

27.be closely related to…（与...息息相关）

例句：

Taking exercise is closely related to health. 做运动与健康息息相关。

28.Get into the habit of + Ving = make it a rule to + V （养成...的习惯）

例句：

We should get into the habit of keeping good hours. 我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。

29.Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Ving, …（因为...）

例句：

Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream. 因为他的鼓励，我终于实现我的梦想。

30.What a + Adj + N + S + V!= How + Adj + a + N + V!（多么...！）

例句：

What an important thing it is to keep our promise!/How important a thing it is to keep our promise! 遵守诺言是多么重要的事！

31.Leave much to be desired （令人不满意）

例句：

The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired. 我们的交通状况令人不满意。

32.Have a great influence on …（对...有很大的影响）

例句：

Smoking has a great influence on our health. 抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。

33.do good to （对...有益），do harm to （对...有害）

例句：

Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益。

Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。

34.Pose a great threat to…（对...造成一大威胁）

例句：

Pollution poses a great threat to our existence. 污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。

35.do one's utmost to + V = do one's best （尽全力去...）

例句：

We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life