英语语法Therebe结构用法

学外语的十条经验

1、学习外语一天也不能中断。倘若确实没有时间，哪怕每天挤出10分钟也行；早晨是学习外语的大好时光。

2、要是学厌了，不必过于勉强，但也不要扔下不学。这时可以改变一下学习方式；比如把书放到一边去听听广播，或暂时搁下课本的练习去翻翻词典等。

3、绝不要脱离上下文孤立地去死背硬记。

4、应该随时地记下并背熟那些平日用得最多的“句套子”。

5、尽可能‘心译’你接触到的东西，如一闪而过的广告，偶而听到的话语，这也是一种休息的方式。

6、只有经过教师修改的东西才值得牢记。不要反复去看那些做了而未经别人修改的练习，看多了就会不自觉地连同错误的东西一起记在脑了里。假如你纯属自学而无旁人相助，那你就去记那些肯定是正确无误的东西。

7、抄录和记忆句子和惯用语时要用单数第一人称，如“I am only pulling your leg"(我只是要戏弄你)

8、外语好比碉堡，必须同时从四面八方向它围攻：读报纸，听广播，看原文电影，听外语讲演，攻读课本，和外国朋友通讯，来往，交谈等等。

9、要敢于说话，不要怕出错误，要请别人纠正错误。尤为重要的当别人确实为你纠正错误时，不要难为情，不要泄气。

10、要坚信你一定能达到目的，要坚信自己有坚强不屈的毅力和语言方面的非凡才能……

What is in the classroom?

How many students are there in the classroom?

Where are 5 students?

There are not 5 students in the classroom.

Are there 5 students in the classroom?

Yes, there are. No, there aren’t.

Are you from Jinhua or Ningbo?

There are not 5 students in the classroom, aren’t there?

He is a teacher, isn’t he?

There be 结构用法

There be 句型归纳与练习

There be 句型

1. 定义：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。

2. 结构：(1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.

There is an apple on the table.

There is some water in the bottle.

(2) There are +复数名词+地点状语.

There are 2 books in my bag.

there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致---就近原则。

eg. ① There is a bird in the tree.树上有一只鸟。

②There is a teacher and many students in our classroom.

我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。

③ There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。

3. There be句型与have的区别：

(1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义。区别如下：There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，它表示所有、拥有关系。eg.

①He has two sons.他有两个儿子。

②There are two men in the office.办公室里有两个男人。

(2)当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时，There be 句型与其可互换。

eg. A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一个星期有七天。

一、否定句

There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not即可。注意not是副词

例如：

There are some pictures on the wall. →There are n't any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall. There is a bike behind the tree. → There isn't a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree.

二、一般疑问句

There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可，此为\"调整法\"。但同时要注意：当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any（否定变化也一样）。看看下面两句是如何改变的：

There is some water on Mars. → Is there any water on Mars?

There are some fish in the water. →Are the re any fish in the water?

三、特殊疑问句

There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化：

① 对主语提问：

当主语是人时，用"Who's+介词短语? "；

当主语是物时，用"What's + 介词短语?"。

注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如：There are many things over there. →What's over there? There is a little girl in the room. →Who is in the room?

② 对地点状语提问：提问地点用"Where is / are+主语?"

例如：

There is a computer on the desk. → Where is the computer?

There are four children on the playground. →Where are the four children?

③ 对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构：

How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语？

How many books are there on the desk?

How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语？

How much money is there in your pocket?

There be 结构在英语中是一个常见的句子结构，组成为“引导词there +be+主语+状语”。

句子的特殊用法较多，下面就there be 结构归纳如下：

1. There和live, lie,come, stand, exit,remain, happen, enter等表示存在、状态的动词连用。

例：There once lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.

There stands a big tree on the top of the mountain.

There happened an event.

There came shouts for help from that river.

There lies a large tree in front of our office.

2．There和情态动词连用，使存在的状态更加具体化、形象化，描述的语气多样化。

例：There may be 3500 students in our school.

There must be some mistakes.

There ought to be no trouble.

There used to be a temple here.

3. There和seem to be, appear to be, happen to be, be bound to be, be likely to be等连接，表示“碰巧有”、“可能有”、“一定有”。

例：There happened to be an old friend of mine in the factory.

There seems to be something wrong with it.

4. There be+名词，它的后面可以接状语、定语从句、不定式结构或ing分词和ed分词结构。

例：There are many reasons for animals dying out.

There will be an English party in our school this evening.

There are always new things to be discovered.

There were many people in the street watching the film.

注：如有两个或两个以上并列主语时，be常与最靠近的主语在人称和数上一致。

例：There is only a table, four chairs and a small bed in the room.

5.it is 和there be 结构比较：it is和there be 句型的区别要通过具体的环境来看，有时意义相同，有时含义差距较大。

例：It is windy today.=There is a wind toady.（It is+形容词，there be+名词）

It is a long way from Beijing to Shanghai.从到路程很远。

There is still a long way to go.还有很长的路要走。

There is someone at the door. I think it is the man to

deliver the papers.

There is no doubt that he is not at home now.毫无疑问他现在不在家。

There be 句型练习

一.根据所给汉语完成句子。

1. 桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。

There _____ a book and two pens on the desk.

2. 钱包里有些钱。There ____ some money in the wallet.

3. 在吉姆的书包里有一些卡片。____ _____ some cards in Jim’s bag.

4. 里面还有其他的东西吗？_____ _____ anything else in it?

5. 我们学校有许多班。There _____ many _____ in our school.

6. 树上没有鸟。There __are_not/no___ birds in the tree.

二.选择填空：

1. Are there any maps on the wall? ___

A. Yes, there are some.

B. Yes, there is.

C. Yes, there is one.

D. No, there are.

2. How many ____ are there in the picture?

A. woman

B. women

C. buy

D. milk

3. There aren’t ___ trees near the house. There is only one.

A. any

B. some

C. many

D. much

4. There ___ two bowls of rice on the table.