英语词汇学复习题5

英语词汇学复习题(五)

I. Some of the following statements are true, and the others false. Mark your answer by writing T or F on your answer sheet. (10%)

1. The great majority of the basic word stock of the English language are native words, that is, words of Anglo-Saxon origin.

2. Suffixation is different from conversion in that it does not change the word-class of the base.

3. Words of a semantic field are synonymous.

4. Clipping involves the deletion of one or more syllables from a word, which is also available in its full form.

5. Content words have lexical meaning but no grammatical meaning.

6. A particular characteristic of componential analysis is that it attempts to treat components in terms of binary opposites.

7. A root is the basic unchangeable part of a word.

8. Many English words cannot be analyzed in terms of semantic features.

9. All words have antonyms.

10. The impact of context on meaning differs from one word to another and from one instance or passage to another.

II. The following are multiple-choice questions. Mark your answer by writing A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet. (20%)

11. The English language from ______ to the present is called Modern English.

(A) 450 (B) 1100

12. The sentence “John was fired for petty thieving.” Is stylistically ________.

(A) literal (B) colloquial

13. Of the following words, _____ is an acronym.

(A) OPEC (B) CIA

14. The definition of a word given in the dictionary is called its _____ meaning.

(A) connotative (B) denotative

15. In terms of oppositeness of meaning, ________ is a pair of conversives.

(A) “deep” and “shallow”

(B) “present” and “absent”

(D) “above” and “below”

16. In the group of words “ride, run, walk, go, fly”, “go” is a ________.

(A) superordinate term (B) hyponym

17. The word “success” used to mean “result, outcome”, now it means “a favorable outcome or result”. This is an example of __________ of meaning.

(A) elevation (B) degeneration

18. The language the early immigrants brought them to America was different from present English; the greatest difference lies in ________.

(A) spelling (B) pronunciation

19. _________ serves as a typical example of euphemism.

(A) “Pious” meaning “hypocritically virtuous”

(B) “A mental hospital” referring to “a madhouse”

(D) “Slow learners” referring to “underachievers”

20. Oxford English Dictionary is a ___________ dictionary.

(A) pocket (B) medium-size

III. Decide whether each of the following words is a A) simple word, B) compound word, C) derived word or D) shortened form. Mark your answer on the answer sheet. (10%)

21. acidhead 26. fashion

22. formal 27. recycle

23. preplant 28. honesty

24. lab 29. phone

25. ready 30. ashtray

IV. Explain the following terms with appropriate examples. Do it on the answer sheet. (10%)

31. back-formation

32. polysemy

V. Give a short answer to the following questions. Do it on the answer sheet. (30%) 33. What is the difference between a morpheme and a syllable? Illustrate your points with examples.

34. Explain conventionality and motivation. Give examples.

VI. Give a longer answer (150-200 words) to the following question. Do it on the answer sheet. (20%)

35. Context is very important for the understanding of word meaning. How is context

classified?

英语词汇学参考答案 (五)

I. Some of the following statements are true, and the others false. Mark your answer by writing T or F on your answer sheet. (10%)

1. T

2. F

3. F

4. T

5. F

6. T

7. T

8. T

9. F 10. T

II. The following are multiple-choice questions. Mark your answer by writing A, B, C, o r D on your answer sheet. (20%)

11. C 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. D

16. A 17. D 18. D 19.B 20. C

III. Decide whether each of the following words is a A) simple word, B) compound word,

C) derived word or D) shortened form. Mark your answer on the answer sheet. (10%)

21. B 26. A

22. C 27. C

23. C 28. C

24. D 29. D

25. A 30. B

IV. Explain the following terms with appropriate examples. Do it on the answer sheet. (10%)

31. Back-formation is a term used to refer to a type of word-formation by which a shorte r word is coined by the deletion of a supposed affix from a longer form already present in t he language. For example, the verb “resurrect” was formed from the noun “resurrection” b y removing the supposed derivative suffix “-ion”.

32. Polysemy is a common feature peculiar to all natural languages. There are words that have two or three senses, and the most commonly used ones can have as many as over a hundre d. However, when a word is first coined, it is always monosemic. But in the course of develo pment, the same symbol must be used to express more meanings, the result is polysemy. For ex ample, the word “fair” has various meanings; (of results) average, quite good”; (of attit ude, behaviour) just and honest; impartial”; (of the weather) clear and sunny”; ( of amou n t) satisfactory, abundant”, etc.

V. Give a short answer to the following questions. Do it on the answer sheet. (30%)

33. What is the difference between a morpheme and a syllable? Illustrate your points wit

h examples.

A morpheme is the smallest meaningful linguistic unit of a language, not divisible or an alyzable into smaller forms.

A morpheme is not identical with a syllable, since the latter had nothing to do with mea ning. A morpheme may be represented by one syllable, like boy and child, or by two or more s yllables, as in la·dy, croc·o·dile, and sal·a·man·der. Often the syllabic structure of a word and its morphemic structure do not correspond, as shown in the above examples where a morpheme is represented by more than one syllable. Another good example is the word disagre eable, which consists of five syllables as against three morphemes(dis+agree+able).

a strategic movement in the situation of military actions, or the way a machine works wh en related to mechanics.

2) The entire cultural background against which a word, or an utterance or a speech even t has to be set. E.g. the word peasant means totally different ideas in the western and Chin ese cultures.

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全国高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832 Ⅰ．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1．According to semanticists, a word is a unit of ______.（） A．meaning B．Sound C．combination of sounds D．Group 2．The pronunciation has changed ______ spelling over the years.（） A．more slowly than B．As quickly as C．more rapidly than D．Not so quickly as 3．Words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by ______.（）A．use frequency B．notion C．origin D．sound 4．Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT______.（） A．green revolution B．fast food C．moon walk D．space shuttle 5．Semantic change means an old form which takes on a new ______ to meet the new need. （）A．form B．meaning C．look D．pronunciation 6．Reviving archaic words also contribute to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, in American English “fall” means ______ in British English.（） A．four B．fell C．for D．autumn 7．The plural morpheme “-s” is realized by /s/after the following sounds EXCEPT ______. （）A．/t/ B．/g/ C．/p/ D．/k/ 英语词汇学试卷第 1 页共9 页

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(完整版)英语词汇学试题

英语词汇学试题 Introduction and Chapter 1 Basic Concepts of Words and Vocabula ry（练习1） I．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement. 1.Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure or forms of words, primarily through the use of _________construct. A. word B. form C. morpheme D. root 2.________ is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words. A. Semantics B. Linguistics C. Etymology D. Stylistics 3.Modern English is derived from the language of early ______ tribes. A. Greek B. Roman C. Italian D. Germanic 4. Semantics is the study of meaning of different _________ levels: lexis, syntax, utterance, discourse, etc. A. linguistic B. grammatical C. arbitrary D. semantic 5.Stylistics is the study of style . It is concerned with the user’s choices of linguistic elements in a particular________ for special effects A. situation B. context C. time D. place 6.Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form , meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a _______ difference. A . spelling B. semantic C. pronunciation D. pragmatic 7. Terminology consists of _______ terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas. A. technical B. artistic C. different D. academic 8. __________refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sciences, trades, and professions communicate among themselves. A. Slang B. Jargon C. Dialectal words D. Argot 9 ._________ belongs to the sub-standard language, a category that seems to stand between the standard general words including informal ones available to everyone and in-group words. A. Jargon B. Argot C. Dialectal words D. Slang 10. Argot generally refers to the jargon of _______.Its use is confined to the sub-cultural groups and outsiders can hardly understand it. A. workers B. criminals C. any person D. policeman 11.________ are words used only by speakers of the dialect in question. A. Argot B. Slang C. Jargon D. Dialectal words 12. Archaisms are words or forms that were once in _________use but are now restricted only to specialized or limited use. A. common B. little C. slight D. great 13. Neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on ______meanings. A. new B. old C. bad D. good 14. Content words denote clear notions and thus are known as_________ words. They include nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and numerals. A. functional B. notional C. empty D. formal 15. Functional words do not have notions of their own. Therefore, they are also called _______words. Prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliaries and articles belong to this category. A. content B. notional C. empty D. new

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