英国文学史复习大纲
History and anthology of English literature:
(altogether 7 topics, this semester 6 topics; 5th---1900, over 1400 years) The Old English and Middle English period (Chapter 1, 2)
The Elizabethan age (Chapters 3, 4)
The 17th century (Chapter 5)
The classic 18th century (Chapters 6,7,8)
The Romantic period (Chapters 9, 10)
The Victorian age (Chapters 11-18)
>
The 20th century (Chapters 19-26)
The Old English and Middle English period (5th ---1066, )
1 the Old English period
Beowulf：
*pagan heroism异教徒的英雄主义and fatalism宿命论are mingled with Christian qualities.
#
*The poets hope that the evil should be punished, and the righteous will be rewarded.
*It’s a heroic Scandinavian epic legend told in the English language. literary terms: epic, alliteration
2 the Middle English period
literary term: romance
Geoffrey Chaucer: The Canterbury Tales
Chaucer chose the metrical form which laid the foundation of the Eng lish tonico-syllabic verse.乔叟第一次在英国用韵脚韵律诗形式来创作诗歌，开创了英国文学以重音-音节为基础的格律诗先河。首创heroic couplet英雄双行体
@
The Elizabethan age ()
--- a golden age of poetry and drama
---the age of English Renaissance
1 Poetry:
*Philip Sidney/
Astrophel and Stella love romance
《爱星者和星星》，表达了他初恋时的激情以及如何经过斗争，克制自己，献身于公职。
~
it was after Sidney’s Astrophel and Stella that the sonnet sequence十四行诗系列became popular in England. It inspired other Elizabethan poets, including Shakespeare, to write similar sequences.
*Edmund Spense r: The Faerie Queen Using Spenserian Stanza = abab bcbc c /allegory 讽喻
*Shakespeare:154 sonnets, Sonnet 18
Literary term: sonnet: a lyric poem containing fourteen lines written in iambic pentameter
lyric:
iambic pentameter
《
2 Drama:
“University Wits”大学精英
*Christopher Marlowe克里斯托弗·马洛:把blank verse无韵诗作为英语戏剧主要表达方式的开创者
the pioneer of English drama（完善了无韵体诗。）
The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus浮士德博士的悲剧
；
*William Shakespeare:four greatest tragedies
Hamlet: “To be, or not to be”
Macbeth
Four Tragedies:
Literary terms: monologue＞soliloquy √√
Monologue（独白） A single person speaking, with or without an audience, is uttering a monologue. The dramatic monologue is the name given to a specific kind of poem in which a single person, not the poet, is speaking.
Dramatic Monologue（戏剧独白） A poem in which a poetic speaker addresses either the reader or an internal listener at length. It is similar to the soliloquy in theater, in that both a dramatic monologue and a soliloquy often involve the revelation of the innermost thoughts and feelings of the speaker. Two famous examples are Browning’s “My Last Duchess”.
】
*Ben Jonson本·琼生
①
②
Literary term: “three unities”classical unities三一律
三一律规定剧本创作必须遵守时间、地点和行动（情节）的一致，即一部剧本只允许写单一的故事情节，戏剧行动必须发生在一天之内和一个地点。法国古典主义戏剧理论家布瓦洛把它解释为“要用一地、一天内完成的一个故事从开头直到末尾维持着舞台充实。”
（
3 Prose:
Thomas More托马斯?莫尔1478~1535:Utopia [ju:'t?upi?] 乌托邦
Francis Bacon : The first English essayist
58 essays,Of Studies培根随笔集-论学习
The theme of Of Studies: uses and benefits of study and different ways adopted by different people to pursue studies.
The 17th century
@
---the age of Revolution and Restoration
---literary mood: gloomy, pessimistic
---changes of literary taste
---“four Johns”: John Donne, John Milton, John Dryden, John Bunyan
1 Poetry:
John Donne---the representative of the Metaphysical School ：（主题：love, religious, thought） Artistic features:
1. conceits or imagery奇思妙喻
2. syllogism三段论
^
John Milton: Paradise Lost epic
2 Drama:
*comedy of manners风俗喜剧
/ the more realistic and often satirical comedy of the Restoration period.
/ Satire is its main attraction.
/ presented rather than real life indivuals.
《
*John Dryden:“prune and trim” the Elizabethan language
“the father of English criticism” (by Samuel Johnson)
3 Prose:
John Bunyan: The Pilgrim’s Progress天路历程 allegory讽喻
与但丁的《神曲》、奥古斯丁的《忏悔录》并列为世界三大宗教题材文学杰作
The classic 18th century
?
---the age of Enlightenment
Three main divisions:
1Neoclassicism 新古典主义
heroic couplet (poetry)
three unities (drama)
Literary term:
heroic couplet: lines of iambic pentameter that rhyme in pairs (aa, bb, cc)英雄双韵体
在英语诗歌史上，双韵体诗由乔叟最先启用，后经斯宾塞，马洛等人发展，再由德莱顿弘扬，最后经蒲柏的完善扩充，形式更为整齐优美，节奏更跌宕变化。这种“英雄双韵体”在诗歌艺术中达到了神韵独步千古的境界，成为英国诗歌史上的最高成就。
{
two representatives of Neoclassicism:
*Alexander Pope亚历山大·蒲柏（英国诗人）: Essay on Man双韵体长诗《论人》
1）（18世纪英国最伟大的诗人，其诗多用“英雄双韵体”/“heroic couplets”。词句工整、精练、富有哲理性。）
2）As a representative of the Enlightenment，Pope was one of the first to introduce Rationalism理性主义to England....
*Samuel Johnson:
2 Pre-romanticism 前浪漫主义/ 新古典主义后期
*Thomas Gray格雷英国18世纪重要抒情诗人
】
:
*William Blake威廉·布雷克（英国诗人和画家）
Songs of Innocence A happy and innocent world from children?s eye.
“The Chimney Sweeper”sees his situation th
rough the eyes of innocence and does not un
derstand the social injustice.
Songs of Experience A word of misery, poverty, disease, war and repression with a melancholy tone from men eyes./
the boy in the poem sees the injustice and speaks against the estab lishments that left him where he is.
总：neither innocence nor experience is a correct view and that on e completes the other.
*Robert Burns罗伯特·彭斯: A Red, Red Rose
(Scottish national poet, mixture of English and Scottish dialect)
/
苏格兰农民诗人，诗人生活在破产的农村，和贫苦的农民血肉相连。他的诗歌歌颂了故国家乡的秀美，抒写了劳动者纯朴的友谊和爱情。
3 the rise of English novel
*Daniel Defoe丹尼尔·笛福: Robinson Crusoe鲁宾逊漂流记
he is the founder of 十八世纪英国现实主义小说的奠基人
*Jonathan Swift: Gulliver’s Travels《格列佛游记》
Henry Fielding亨利?菲尔丁1707~1754
`
（英国小说家，戏剧家，被誉为“英国小说之父”。）
He is called “Father of English novel”. He was the first to wr ite a “Comic epic in prose”(散文体史诗), and the first to give the modern novel its structure and style .
The Romantic period (1798~1837)
Romanticism:It emphasize the specialqualitie of each individual?s mind.(人应该是独立自由的个体)
---a great period for poetry
Neoclassicism vs. Romanticism
1 the Lake Poets (the Lakers)湖畔诗人（英国18世纪末到19世纪初浪漫主义诗歌流派）
！
William Wordsworth
Lyrical Ballads《抒情歌谣集》
Samuel Coleridge['k?ulrid?]柯勒律治
他们也是英国文学中最早出现的浪漫主义作家。他们喜爱大自然，描写宗法制农村生活，厌恶资本主义的城市文明和冷酷的金钱关系，他们远离城市，隐居在昆布兰湖区和格拉斯米尔湖区，由此得名“湖畔派”。William Wordsworth: I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
“All good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings.”
The World Is Too Much With Us page41
他认为“所有的好诗都是强烈情感的自然流露”（poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings）
)
Wordsworth illustrates through his sonnet that while man is consistently 始终surrounded by material goods and possessions, it is nature in its purity and inability to be owned that the soul is truly inspired
2the Satanic School
George Byron:Don Juan
She Walks in Beauty
“Byronic hero”is a proud, mysterious rebel figure of noble origin, against tyrannical专横的rules or moral principles.
Percy Shelley珀西雪莱:Prometheus Unbound解放了的普罗米修斯
Theme: the drama celebrates man’s victory over tyranny and oppression
Ode to the West Wind西风颂
John Keats约翰·济慈: Ode on a Grecian Urn希腊古瓮颂（济慈诗歌）
~
Ode to a Nightingale夜莺颂
“美即是真，真即是美”是他的著名诗句。
The Victorian age (1837~1901)
---a golden age of novel
1 Poetry:
Robert Browning勃郎宁:My Last Duchess
“dramatic monologue”戏剧独白
（
2Drama:
Oscar Wilde奥斯卡·王尔德:
the “Aesthetic Movement” Art for Art’s Sake唯美主义文艺思潮
Bernard Shaw(英国杰出的批判现实主义剧作家）critical realistic dramatist
: Pygmalion[piɡ'meilj?n]卖花女（英国萧伯纳之作品人物）
3Novel:
，
critical realism
Jane Austen: Pride and Prejudice
Sense and Sensibility
female voice
Charlotte Bronte夏洛蒂·勃朗特: Jane Eyre
艾米莉?勃朗特:Wuthering Heights呼啸山庄
George Eliot乔治?艾略特
Charles Dickens: David Copperfield; Great Expectations
？
William Thackeray萨克雷: Vanity Fair名利场
Thomas Hardy小说多以农村生活为背景；自然主义小说家。
Wessex novels; novels of character and environment
: Tess of the D’Urbervilles德伯家的苔丝
Theme:experience is as to intensity, and not as to duration
《德伯家的苔丝》是哈代的代表作，是“威塞克斯系列”中的一部。它描写了一位农村姑娘的悲惨命运。
哈代在小说的副标题中称女主人公为“一个纯洁的女人”，公开地向维多利亚时代虚伪的社会道德挑战。
Works to study in detail:
(
1William Shakespeare—Hamlet's soliloquy; Macbeth; Sonnet 18;
2 Francis Bacon—Of Studies;
3 Robert Burns—A Red, Red Rose;
4 William Blake—The Chimney Sweeper;
5 William Wordsworth—I Walked Lonely as a Cloud;
《我好似一朵流云独自漫游》又叫《云中漫步》
The World is Too Much with Us;page41
6 George Byron—She Walks in Beauty;
？
7Jane Austen—Pride and Prejudice;
8Jonathan Swift—Gulliver’s Travels,
9Dickens—Great Expectations远大前程（狄更斯的经典名著）
I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
By William Wordsworth
1
~
I wandered lonely as a cloud 我好似一朵孤独的流
云, （Simile）
That floats on high o'er vales and hills,高高地飘游在山谷之上, （Simile）When all at once I saw a crowd,突然我看见一大片鲜
花, （Personification/Metaphor）
A host, of golden daffodils;是金色的水仙遍地开放,
Beside the lake, beneath the trees, 它们开在湖畔,开在树下, （alliteration）Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.它们随风嬉舞,随风波荡。
（Personification/Metaphor
2
Continuous as the stars that shine 它们密集如银河的星星,
.
And twinkle on the milky way, 像群星在闪烁一片晶莹; （一二两行
Simile/hyperbole）
They stretched in never-ending line 它们沿着海湾向前伸展,
Along the margin of a bay: 通往远方仿佛无穷无尽; （三四两行
Simile/hyperbole）
Ten thousand saw I at a glance, 一眼看去就有千朵万朵,
Tossing their heads in sprightly dance..万花摇首舞得多么高兴。
（personification）
表明了美丽的水仙花开遍大地,显示出它们旺盛的生命力vitality,同时也暗示了诗人对人生价值的渴求以及对美好生活的向往。
3
'
The waves beside them danced; but they粼粼湖波也在近旁欢
跳, （personification）
Out-did the sparkling waves in glee:却不如这水仙舞得轻
俏; （personification）
A poet could not but be gay；诗人遇见这快乐的旅伴,
In such a jocund company;又怎能不感到欣喜雀跃;
I gazed—and gazed
—but little thought我久久凝视——却未领悟
What wealth the show to me had brought:...这景象所给我的精神之宝。
4
,
For oft when on my couch I lie后来多少次我郁郁独卧,
In vacant or in pensive mood, 感到百无聊赖心灵空漠;
这时诗人写出了一种对社会的感受:在城市文明所带来的丑恶的现实社会中,那高傲、纯洁的灵魂只能是郁郁寡欢,只有在大自然中才能寻找理想,寻找安慰,寻找人性最后归宿的
情怀;
They flash upon that inward eye这景象便在脑海中闪现,
Which is the bliss of solitude, 多少次安慰过我的寂寞;
And then my heart with pleasure fills, 我的心又随水仙跳起舞来,
And dances with the daffodils....我的心又重新充满了欢乐。（personification）表明了诗人无论什么时候想起它们,心中都会充满快乐。水仙花成了诗人的精神慰藉spiritual consolation,这就更加突出了诗的主题。
$
体现了诗歌描写应是“平静中回忆起来的情感”，
emotion recollected in tranquility[tr?n'kw?l?ti]
在诗人的心中,水仙已经不是一种植物了,而是一种象征,代表了一种灵魂和一种精神。
Theme：
1.Nature's beauty uplifts the human spirit.
2.People sometimes fail to appreciate nature's wonders as they go
about their daily routines.
3.Nature thrives unattended.
#
Genre流派/类别：Lyric poem
Structure:four stanzas, each including 6 lines
Rhyme Skill/scheme :ababcc, efefgg, hihikk, lmlmnn
Meter: iambic tetrameter抑扬格四音步
1 基本上是用抑扬格四音步来写的。每节中第一行和第三行押韵,第二行和第四行押韵,最后两行押韵,这样就产生了一种强烈的节奏感，极具音韵美。
/诗人把优美的形式和深刻的思想结合在了一起,这方面无疑是最重要的。
What does the poem impress you most (特色)
^
Use of image
Vivid description of nature
Daily language当我被上帝造出来时，上帝问我想在人间当一个怎样的人，我不假思索的说，我要做一个伟大的世人皆知的人。于是，我降临在了人间。
我出生在一个官僚知识分子之家，父亲在朝中做官，精读诗书，母亲知书答礼，温柔体贴，父母给我去了一个好听的名字：李清照。
小时侯，受父母影响的我饱读诗书，聪明伶俐，在朝中享有“神童”的称号。小时候的我天真活泼，才思敏捷，小河畔，花丛边撒满了我的诗我的笑，无可置疑，小时侯的我快乐无虑。
“兴尽晚回舟，误入藕花深处。争渡，争渡，惊起一滩鸥鹭。”青春的我如同一只小鸟，自由自在，没有约束，少女纯净的心灵常在朝阳小，流水也被自然洗礼，纤细的手指拈一束花，轻抛入水，随波荡漾，发髻上沾着晶莹的露水，双脚任水流轻抚。身影轻飘而过，留下一阵清风。
可是晚年的我却生活在一片黑暗之中，家庭的衰败，社会的改变，消磨着我那柔弱的心。我几乎对生活绝望，每天在痛苦中消磨时光，一切都好象是灰暗的。“寻寻觅觅冷冷清清凄凄惨惨戚戚”这千古叠词句就是我当时心情的写照。
最后，香消玉殒，我在痛苦和哀怨中凄凉的死去。
】
在天堂里，我又见到了上帝。上帝问我过的怎么样，我摇摇头又点点头，我的一生有欢乐也有坎坷，有笑声也有泪水，有鼎盛也有衰落。我始终无法客观的
评价我的一生。我原以为做一个着名的人，一生应该是被欢乐荣誉所包围，可我发现我错了。于是在下一轮回中，我选择做一个平凡的人。
我来到人间，我是一个平凡的人，我既不着名也不出众，但我拥有一切的幸福：我有温馨的家，我有可亲可爱的同学和老师，我每天平凡而快乐的活着，这就够了。
天儿蓝蓝风儿轻轻，暖和的春风带着春的气息吹进明亮的教室，我坐在教室的窗前，望着我拥有的一切，我甜甜的笑了。我拿起手中的笔，不禁想起曾经作诗的李清照，我虽然没有横溢的才华，但我还是拿起手中的笔，用最朴实的语言，写下了一时的感受：
人生并不总是完美的，每个人都会有不如意的地方。这就需要我们静下心来阅读自己的人生，体会其中无尽的快乐和与众不同。
“富不读书富不久，穷不读书终究穷。”为什么从古到今都那么看重有学识之人那是因为有学识之人可以为社会做出更大的贡献。那时因为读书能给人带来快乐。
自从看了《丑小鸭》这篇童话之后，我变了，变得开朗起来，变得乐意同别人交往，变得自信了……因为我知道：即使现在我是只“丑小鸭”，但只要有自信，总有一天我会变成“白天鹅”的，而且会是一只世界上最美丽的“白天鹅”……
我读完了这篇美丽的童话故事，深深被丑小鸭的自信和乐观所折服，并把故事讲给了外婆听，外婆也对童话带给我们的深刻道理而惊讶不已。还吵着闹着多看几本名着。于是我给外婆又买了几本名着故事，她起先自己读，读到不认识的字我就告诉她，如果这一面生字较多，我就读给她听整个一面。渐渐的，自己的语文阅读能力也提高了不少，与此同时我也发现一个人读书的乐趣远不及两个人读的乐趣大，而两个人读书的乐趣远不及全家一起读的乐趣大。于是，我便发展“业务”带动全家一起读书……现在，每每遇到好书大家也不分男女老少都一拥而上，争先恐后“抢书”，当我说起我最小应该让我的时候，却没有人搭理我。最后还把书给撕坏了，我生气地哭了，妈妈一边安慰我一边对外婆说：“孩子小，应该让着点。”外婆却不服气的说：“我这一把年纪的了，怎么没人让我呀”大家人你一言我一语，谁也不肯相让……读书让我明白了善恶美丑、悲欢离合，读一本好书，犹如同智者谈心、谈理想，教你辨别善恶，教你弘扬正义。读一本好书，如品一杯香茶，余香缭绕。读一本好书，能使人心灵得到净化。书是我的老师，把知识传递给了我；书是我的伙伴，跟我诉说心里话；书是一把钥匙，给我敞开了知识的大门；书更是一艘不会沉的船，引领我航行在人生的长河中。其实读书的真真乐趣也就在于此处，不是一个人闷头苦读书；也不是读到好处不与他人分享，独自品位；更不是一个人如痴如醉地沉浸在书的海洋中不能自拔。而是懂得与朋友，家人一起分享其中的乐趣。这才是读书真正之乐趣呢！这所有的一切，不正是我从书中受到的教益吗
我阅读，故我美丽；我思考，故我存在。我从内心深处真切地感到：我从读书中受到了教益。当看见有些同学宁可买玩具亦不肯买书时，我便想到培根所说
的话：“世界上最庸俗的人是不读书的人，最吝啬的人是不买书的人，最可怜的人是与书无缘的人。”许许多多的作家、伟人都十分喜欢看书，例如毛泽东主席，他半边床上都是书，一读起书来便进入忘我的境界。
￥
书是我生活中的好朋友，是我人生道路上的航标，读书，读好书，是我无怨无悔的追求。
|
.
%
…
|
,
、
英国文学史及选读 复习要点总结概要
《英国文学史及选读》第一册复习要点 1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people; Denmark story; alliteration, metaphors and understatements (此处可能会有填空,选择等小题 2. Romance (名词解释 3. “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: a famous roman about King Arthur’ s story 4. Ballad(名词解释 5. Character of Robin Hood 6. Geoffrey Chaucer: founder of English poetry; The Canterbury Tales (main contents; 124 stories planned, only 24 finished; written in Middle English; significance; form: heroic couplet 7. Heroic couplet (名词解释 8. Renaissance(名词解释 9.Thomas More—— Utopia 10. Sonnet(名词解释 11. Blank verse(名词解释12. Edmund Spenser “The Faerie Queene” 13. Francis Bacon “essays” esp. “Of Studies” (推荐阅读,学习写正式语体的英文文章的好参照,本文用词正式优雅,多排比句和长句,语言造诣非常高,里面很多话都可以引用做格言警句,非常值得一读 14. William Shakespeare四大悲剧比较重要,此外就是罗密欧与朱立叶了,这些剧的主题,背景,情节,人物形象都要熟悉,当然他最重要的是 Hamlet 这是肯定的。他的sonnet 也很重要,最重要属 sonnet18。 (其戏剧中著名对白和几首有名的十四行诗可能会出选读 15. John Milton 三大史诗非常重要,特别是 Paradise Lost 和 Samson Agonistes。对于 Paradise Lost 需要知道它是 blank verse写成的,故事情节来自 Old Testament,另外要知道此书 theme 和 Satan 的形象。
英国文学史及选读__期末试题及答案
考试课程：英国文学史及选读考核类型：A 卷 考试方式：闭卷出卷教师: XXX 考试专业：英语考试班级：英语xx班 I.Multiple choice (30 points, 1 point for each) select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. 1._____，a typical example of old English poetry ,is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons. A.The Canterbury Tales B.The Ballad of Robin Hood C.The Song of Beowulf D.Sir Gawain and the Green Kinght 2._____is the most common foot in English poetry. A.The anapest B.The trochee C.The iamb D.The dactyl 3.The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, which one of the following is NOT such an event? A.The rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture. B.England’s domestic rest C.New discovery in geography and astrology D.The religious reformation and the economic expansion 4._____is the most successful religious allegory in the English language. A.The Pilgrims Progress B.Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners C.The Life and Death of Mr.Badman D.The Holy War 5.Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries, its essence is _____. A.science B.philosophy C.arts D.humanism 6.“So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,/So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”(Shakespeare, Sonnets18)What does“this”refer to ? A.Lover. B.Time. C.Summer. D.Poetry. 7.“O prince, O chief of my throned powers, /That led th’ embattled seraphim to war/Under thy conduct, and in dreadful deeds/Fearless, endangered Heaven’s perpetual king”In the third line of the above passage quoted from Milton’s Paradise Los t, the phrase“thy conduct”refers to _____conduct. A.God’s B.Satan’s C.Adam’s D.Eve’s
(完整)最全面英国文学史知识点总结,推荐文档
英国文学史 I. Old English Literature & The Late Medieval Ages
英国文学史期末复习重点
英国文学史 Part one: Early and Medieval English Literature Chapter 1 The Making of England 1. The early inhabitants in the island now we call England were Britons, a tribe of Gelts. 2. In 55 B.C., Britain was invaded by Julius Caesar. The Roman occupation lasted for about 400 years. It was also during the Roman role that Christianity was introduced to Britain. And in 410 A.D., all the Roman troops went back to the continent and never returned. 3. The English Conquest At the same time Britain was invaded by swarms of pirates（海盗）. They were three tribes from Northern Europe: the Angles, Saxons and Jutes. And by the 7th century these small kingdoms were combined into a United Kingdom called England, or, the land of Angles. And the three dialects spoken by them naturally grew into a single language called Anglo -Saxon, or Old English. 4. The Social Condition of the Anglo -Saxon Therefore, the Anglo -Saxon period witnessed a transition from tribal society to feudalism. 5. Anglo -Saxon Religious Belief and Its Influence The Anglo -Saxons were Christianized in the seventh century. Chapter 2 Beowulf 1. Anglo -Saxon Poetry But there is one long poem of over 3,000 lines. It is Beowulf, the national epic of the English people. Grendel is a monster described in Beowulf. 3. Analysis of Its Content Beowulf is a folk lengend brought to England by Anglo -Saxons from their continental homes. It had been passed from mouth to mouth for hundreds of years before it was written down in the tenth century. 4. Features of Beowulf The most striking feature in its poetical form is the use of alliteration, metaphors and understatements. Chapter 3 Feudal England 1）T he Norman Conquest 2. The Norman Conquest The French -speaking Normans under Duke William came in 1066. After defeating the English at Hastings, William was crowned as King of England. The Norman Conquest marks the establishment of feudalism in England.
华南农业大学英国文学史期末考试题
华南农业大学xx文学史期末考试题 (下)注:本文档主要用作题型参考,非100%原题。 考试范围:启蒙运动时期,浪漫主义时期。 一选择题。(共50题,每题1分) 类型1:作品来源。(约10-15道题) 1.” Some village-Hampden, that with dauntless breast. The littletyrant of hisfields withstood, Some mute inglorious Milton here mayrest. SomeCromwell,guiltless of his country's blood.” is from ( )A.I Wandered Lonely As A Cloud B. The Cloud C. Bright Star D. Elegy 2. “But now your brow is beld, John. Your locks are lik e the snaw;But bless ingson your frosty pow…” is from ( ) A. John Anderson, My Jo B.A Red, Red Rose C. Tintern Abbey D. When We two parted 3.” I am assured by our merchants, that a boy or a girl beforetwelve years old isno saleable commodity, and even when they come tothis age, they will not yieldabove three pounds, or three pounds andhalf a crown at most, on the exchange.” isfrom ( ) A. Gulliver’s Travel B. Robinson Crusoe
(完整)英国文学史知识点,推荐文档
一、The Anglo-Saxon period (449-1066) 1、这个时期的文学作品分类：pagan(异教徒) Christian(基督徒) 2、代表作：The Song of Beowulf 《贝奥武甫》( national epic 民族史诗) 采用了隐喻手法 3、Alliteration 押头韵（写作手法） 例子：of man was the mildest and most beloved, To his kin the kindest, keenest for praise. 二、The Anglo-Norman period (1066-1350) Canto 诗章 1、romance 传奇文学 2、代表作：Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (高文爵士和绿衣骑士) 是一首押头韵的长诗 三、Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) 杰弗里.乔叟时期 1、the father of English poetry 英国诗歌之父 2、heroic couplet 英雄双韵体：a verse unit consisting of two rhymed(押韵) lines in iambic pentameter(五步抑扬格) 3、代表作：the Canterbury Tales 坎特伯雷的故事(英国文学史的开端) 大致内容：the pilgrims are people from various parts of England, representatives of various walks of life and social groups. 朝圣者都是来自英国的各地的人,代表着社会的各个不同阶层和社会团体 小说特点：each of the narrators tells his tale in a peculiar manner, thus revealing his own views and character. 这些叙述者以自己特色的方式讲述自己的故事，无形中表明了各自的观点，展示了各自的性格。 小说观点：he believes in the right of man to earthly happiness. He is anxious to see man freed from superstitions(迷信) and a blind belief in fate(盲目地相信命运). 他希望人们能从迷信和对命运的盲从中解脱出来。 4、Popular Ballads 大众民谣：a story hold in 4-line stanzas with second and fourth line rhymed(笔记) Ballads are anonymous narrative songs that have been preserved by oral transmission(书上). 歌谣是匿名叙事歌曲,一直保存着口头传播的方式
英国文学史及作品选读
英国文学史及作品选读 （模拟试题二） Ⅰ. Multiple Choice（1′×20=20分） 1．______can be justly termed England’s national epic. A. The Canterbury Tales B. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight C. The Song of Beowulf D. The Romance of the Rose 2. Among of the following dramas, which is one of Shakespeare’s four tragedies? A.Macbeth B.As You Like it C. Twelfth Night D. The Merchant of Venice 3. _______ is called as “ father of English novels” A. William Shakespeare B. Christopher Marlowe C. Daniel Defoe D.John Donne 4. It was ____who made blank verse the principal vehicle of expression in drama. A. Thomas Wyatt B. William Shakespeare C. Edmund Spenser D. Christopher Marlowe 5. Absoulute monarchy in England reached its summit during the reign of ____, especially Britain’s sea power was established. A.James I B. Henry VIII C. Queen Elizabeth D. Charles I 6. Hamlet, the most popular of Shakespeare's plays for readers and theater audiences, tells about the story of Hamlet, Prince of _______, and son of the dead king, who seeks revenge for his father’s death. A. England B. Norway C. Scotland D. Denmark 7. Which comment on John Donne is wrong? A. He is the leading figure of metaphysical poetry. B. His poetry is characterized by mysticism and peculiar conceit. C. John Donne’s poetry is characterized regularity among irregularity D. He never shows positive attitude towards love. 8. Robinson Crosue can be termed as____. A. a self-dependent person B. a person with colonial mind C. an adventuous person D. all of the above 9. Robert Burns is the representative of _____. A. Sentimentalism B. Pre-Romanticism C. Romanticism D. English Renaissance 10. William Blake’s ____ paint a world of misery, poverty, disease, war and repression with a melancholy tone. A.Poetical Sketches B. The Book of Thel C. Songs of Experience D. Songs of Innocence 11. The notorious “Peterloo Massacre” happened in _____. A. English Romantic period B. English Renaissance C. period of Restoration D. Neo-classical period 12. Lyrical Ballads are made by ____. A. Wordsworth and Shelley B. Wordsworth and Southey C. Wordsworth and Coleridge D. Shelley and Byron 13. According to____, poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings which originates in emotion and recollected in tranquillity.
整理英国文学史bysummer
Chapter1 Early and Medieval Literature Three stages of English literary development: The Roman Conquest（55BC——410AD） The Anglo-Saxon Period（410——1066AD） Three tribes：Jutes，the Angles，and the Saxons The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle盎格鲁撒克逊编年史 The greatest literary achievement during this period is Beowulf。Beowulf贝奥武甫——epic，alliteration ★Epic: a long narrative poem telling about the deeds of a great hero and reflecting the values of the society from which it originated. Many epics were drawn from an oral tradition and were transmitted by song and recitation before they were written down. ★The whole epic is divided into two parts and tells of two major events in the life of Beowulf.①He kills a monster;②He fights a dragon. The Norman Conquest(1066-------1350AD) 下层：ballad民谣（ballads which are the most important parts of English folk literature） 上层：chivalry骑士文学：Sir Gawain and the Green Knight （alliteration verse） ★Most of the English romances deal with three major themes: Ⅰ.The Matter of Britain——which is about the adventures of King
2014-2015英国文学史及选读期末试题B
····································密························封························线································ 学生答题不得超过此线
····································密························封························线································ 学生答题不得超过此线
····································密························封························线································ 学生答题不得超过此线
班级_________________学号姓名考试科目英美文学史及作品选读【（1）】B卷闭卷共 5 页 学生答题不得超过此线····································密························封························线································
班级_________________学号姓名考试科目英美文学史及作品选读【（1）】B卷闭卷共 5 页 学生答题不得超过此线····································密························封························线································
英国文学史及选读知识要点I
Part I The Anglo-Saxon Period(449-1066) I Background 449 the Teutons ( the Jutes, the Anglos, the Saxons) II Literature The literature of this period falls into two divisions—pagan and Christian Two Anglo-saxon Christian poets: Caedmon （凯德蒙，公元7世纪盎各鲁－萨克逊基督教诗人）who lived in the latter half of the 7th century and who wrote a poetic Paraphrase of the Bible. Cynewulf（基涅武甫,盎各鲁――萨克逊诗人，生活在公元9世纪，其古英语诗稿于10世纪被发现，有《埃琳娜》,《使徒们的命运》，《基督升天》和《朱莉安娜》）, the author of poems on religious subjects III The Song of Beowulf( Beowulf, 公元7-8世纪之交开始流传于民间的同名史诗中的主人公，曾与水怪，火龙搏斗) Status: England’s national epic Written at the beginning of the tenth century Composed much earlier Length:3182 The whole song is essentially pagan in spirit and matter. Features : alliteration; metaphors; understatement Subject matter Part II The Anglo-Norman Period (1066—1350) I historical background: The Norman Conquest II. The Literature The literature which they brought to England is remarkable for its bright, romantic tales of love and adventure. III. Romance 1. Romance was the prevailing form of literature in feudal England. 2. Definition and features(理解) IV. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight a late-14th century middle-English outlining an adventure of Sir Gawain, a knight of King Arthur’s Round Table. It was a verse romance of 2530 lines, considered as the best of Arthurian romances. Part III Geoffrey Chaucer(1340?-1400) I Major works The Romaunt of the Rose《玫瑰传奇》is a translation from a French poem. His masterpiece: The Canterbury Tales II Contributions 1. Chaucer—the forerunner of Renaissanc e
英国文学史测试题(全)汇编
英国文学史 1.The statement “Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability”open well-known essays by_________. Francis Bacon Samuel Johnson Alexander Pope Jonathan Swift [参考答案] Francis Bacon 2.When he died, Chaucer was buried in __________ the Poet's Corner. Westminster Abbey Normandy Canterbury Southwark [参考答案] Westminster Abbey 3.Among the great Middle English poets, Geoffrey Chaucer is known for his production of . Piers Plowman Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Confessio Amantis The Canterbury Tales [参考答案] The Canterbury Tales 4.The first mention of Robin Hood in literature is in Langland's _________. The Legend of Good Woman The Vison of Piers the Plowman Boewulf Fables [参考答案] The Vison of Piers the Plowman 5.Which literary genra does Sir Gawain and the Green Knight belong to? epic romance novel prose [参考答案] romance 6.English literature at the Anglo-Norman Period was also a combination of ____ and Saxon elements. Latin Greek English French [参考答案] French 7.In the 14th century, the two most important writers are_____ and Chaucer Caedmon Cynewulf Langland Shakespeare [参考答案] Langland 8.Who is the monster half-human who had mingled thirty warriors in The Song of Beowulf? Hrothgat Heorot Grendel Beowulf [参考答案] Grendel 9.The most important work of_____is The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles,which is regarded as the best monument of the old English prose. Alfred the Great Caedmon Cynewulf Venerable Bede [参考答案] Alfred the Great 10.The epic, The Song of Beowulf, represents the spirit of_____. monks romanticists sentimentalists pagan [参考答案] pagan ing line of 11.The sentence “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day ?” is the beginn one of Shakespeare’ｓ. comedies tragedies histories sonnets [参考答案] sonnets
名著导读：《简爱》梗概、知识点和习题大集合
名著导读：《简爱》梗概、知识点和习题大集合 《简·爱》是英国十九世纪著名的女作家夏洛蒂·勃朗特的代表作，也是英国文学史上的一部传世之作。人们普遍认为《简·爱》以第一人称叙述，是夏洛蒂·勃朗特“诗意的生平”的写照，是一部具有自传色彩的作品。 【作品简介】 《简·爱》是英国十九世纪著名的女作家夏洛蒂·勃朗特的代表作，也是英国文学史上的一部传世之作。人们普遍认为《简·爱》以第一人称叙述，是夏洛蒂·勃朗特“诗意的生平”的写照，是一部具有自传色彩的作品。 这部带有浓厚自传色彩的作品成功地塑造了英国文学史中第一个对爱情、生活采取独立自主、积极进取态度，敢于斗争、敢于争取自由平等地位的女性形象，小小说诠释了这样一个主题：人的价值=尊严+爱。书中弱小的简爱不仅具有坚强刚毅的个性、自尊自爱的品格，而且还拥有足够的才智和对自由平等爱情的追求。 当时已经驰名文坛的萨克雷评价说：”《简·爱》是一位伟大天才的杰作。” 【故事概要】 一、苦难的童年(1--4 章) 幼小的简·爱寄养在舅父母家里。舅父里德先生去世后，简·爱过了10年倍受尽歧视和虐待的生活。舅母把她视作眼中钉，并把她和自己的孩子隔离开来，从此，她与舅母的对抗更加公开和坚决了，简被送进了罗沃德孤儿院。 二、艰难中成长（5——10章） 洛伍德义塾，一个教规严厉、条件极为艰苦的地方。简.爱刚到这里的第一年便赶上了一场突如其来的瘟疫，眼看着一个个同学在这里倒下，特别是好友海伦.彭斯的离去，使简爱幼小的心灵体会到了生命的残酷。在这里，简爱虽然历经磨难，却坚强地生存了下来。 度过第一年的难关后，学校改善了学生们的生活饮食条件。简爱在这里又做了六年学生、二年老师。期间的八年中，谭普尔小姐成为简爱敬仰和感激的至爱之师和人生挚友，因为“我获得的一些最宝贵的知识，都要归功于她的指导。”“她充当了我的母亲及家庭教师的角色，后来又成为我的伴侣”。“她的友谊及与她的交往始终是我的一种安慰”。因此，当谭普尔小姐要离开洛伍德义塾时，简.爱也在一番思索后决定要到“一个陌生的环境里担当新职务，过一种新生活”。 三、体验爱情（11--27章）
英国文学史复习资料(吴伟仁版上册)
英国文学史复习资料（上册） ★《贝奥武夫》Beowulf 它体现的是英雄叙事长诗，完成于公元九世纪。全诗长3183行，以斯堪的纳维亚（Sc andinavia）的英雄贝奥武夫（Beowulf）的英勇事迹构成主要内容。勇士贝奥武甫与怪物格伦德尔搏斗，使其断臂而死。怪物之母为子复仇，又被他追踪杀死。后来他做了国王。一次火龙来犯，他挺身斩龙，伤重而死，人民为他举行了隆重的葬礼。本诗以西撒克斯（Wessex）方言写成，押头韵而不押尾韵，用双字隐喻而不用明喻。是现存古英语文学中最古老的作品，是流传至今的欧洲最完整的一部史诗，也是欧洲最早的方言史诗。在语言学方面也是相当珍贵的文献。（安格鲁-撒克逊时期） ★《高文爵士与绿衣骑士》Sir Gaw ain and the Green Knight是英语韵文浪漫诗的杰出代表。全诗共2529行，作者不详，创作于诺曼时期向新时代过渡的14世纪它的题材属于亚瑟王和圆桌骑士的传说系列。作品以巨大的艺术表现力反映了骑士制度的理想，是中世纪封建贵族文化的精髓。在艺术上，此诗语言优美含蓄，情节完整紧凑，人物性格细腻丰满，诗中对大自然的精确而富于魅力的描写尤为引人注目，代表了中古英格兰北部头韵体诗歌艺术的最高成就。（安格鲁-罗马时期） ★杰弗雷·乔叟(Geoffrey Chauc er,约1343～1400）率先采用伦敦方言写作，并创作“英雄双行体”，对英国民族语言和文学的发展影响极大，故被誉为“英国诗歌之父”。代表作《坎特伯雷故事集》Canterbury Tales,描写一群香客（pilgrim）聚集在伦敦一家小旅店里，准备去坎特伯雷城朝圣。店主人建议香客们在往返途中各讲两个故事，看谁讲的最好。故事集包括了23个故事，其中最精彩的故事有：骑士讲的爱情悲剧故事、巴斯妇讲的骑士的故事、卖赎罪券者讲的劝世寓言故事、教士讲的动物寓言故事、商人讲的家庭纠纷的故事、农民讲的感人的爱情和慷慨义气行为的故事。作品广泛地反映了资本主义萌芽时期的英国社会生活，揭露了教会的腐败、教士的贪婪和伪善，谴责了扼杀人性的禁欲主义，肯定了世俗的爱情生活。《坎特伯雷故事集》的艺术成就
英国文学试题及答案2
I、Multiple Choice. (40%) There are 15 questions in this part. Choose A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet. A 1. Beowulf is a ___ poem, describing an all-round picture of the tribal society. A. pagan B. Christain C. romantic D. lyric B 2.The work that presented, for the first time in English literature, a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is most likely___. A. William Langland’s Piers the Plowman B. Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales C. John Gower’s Confessio Amantis D. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight C 3. In “ Sonnet 18 ” ，Shakespeare has a profound meditation on the destructive power of __C___ and the eternal __________ brought forth by poetry to the one he loves . A. death/ life B. time / beauty C. death/ love D. hate / love C. 4. Which of the following poetic forms is the principle form of Shakespeare’s drama? A. lyric B. sonnet C. blank verse D. quatrain C 5. Which of the following statements best illustrate the theme of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18? A. The speaker eulogizes the power of nature. B. The speaker satirizes human vanity. C. The speaker praises the power of artistic creation. D. The speaker meditates on man’s salvation. A 6. Which of the following place does Gulliver visit first in Gulliver’s Travels? A. Lilliput B. Brobdingnag C. Laputa D. Houyhnhnms B 7. Which of the following is NOT true about Robinson Crusoe? A.It is written in the autobiographical form. B.It is a record of Defoe’s own experiences. C.Robinson spends 28 years of isolated life on the island. D.It is set in the middle of the 17th century. B.8.Many of Burn s’ songs deal with friendship.____ has long become a universal parting-song of all the English speaking countries. A. A Red, Red Rose B. Auld Lang Syne C. My Heart’s in the Highlands D. John Anderson, My Jo A 9.The Tiger was written by___. A. William Blake B. John Keats C. William Wordsworth D. Percy Shelley B 10.“One short sleep past, we wake eternally” is taken from___ A. The Solitary Reaper B. Death be not proud C. To Autumn D. Song to the Man of England A 11. _____ is not a famous translator in the English Renaissance. A. Thomas North B. Thomas Wyatt