高二英语下学期开学考试试题

山东省济南市2017-2018学年高二英语下学期开学考试试题

第Ⅰ卷

第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）

第一节（5小题；每小题1分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Which color will the man choose?

A. Blue.

B. Brown.

C. Green.

2. What can we learn from the conversation?

A. The woman thought the tickets would be available soon.

B. The woman thought there were no tickets left.

C. The audience were deeply impressed by the concert.

3. What kind of tea does the woman want?

A. Tea with milk.

B. Tea with sugar.

C. Tea with milk and sugar.

4. What day is it today?

A. Sunday.

B. Saturday.

C. Thursday.

5. What did the woman think of the movie?

A. Terrible.

B. Average.

C. Fantastic.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6-7题。

6. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?

A. Salesman and customer.

B. Husband and wife.

C. Teacher and student.

7. What kind of dress does the woman finally buy?

A. A light silk dress.

B. A dark cotton dress.

C. A light cotton dress.

听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

8. What can we infer about the woman?

A. She often gets up early in the morning.

B. She feels nervous about her exams.

C. She cannot sleep at night.

9. What did the doctor advise the woman to do?

A. Take some medicine.

B. Get enough sleep.

C. Go to another hospital.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. What can we learn about the man?

A. He is quiet.

B. He is active.

C. He is boring.

11. What does the woman want the man to do?

A. Teach her Chinese.

B. Write an article for a magazine.

C. Tell her what he saw and heard in London.

12. In what language will the man write the article?

A. Japanese,

B. Chinese.

C. English.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. In which field does the man have a master^ degree?

A. Chemistry.

B. Nuclear physics.

C. Literature.

14. What does the woman think of chemistry?

A. Difficult.

B. Interesting.

C. Popular.

15. What can we learn about the man?

A. He prefers physics to chemistry.

B. He just graduated from high school.

C. He has years of hard study ahead of him.

16. What does the woman want to be?

A. A doctor.

B. A writer.

C. A teacher.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. What is the man most probably?

A. A teacher.

B. A student.

C. A movie critic,

18. What is the movie mainly about?

A. A1 Gore.

B. Global warming.

C. Speeches.

19. What does the man think of the movie?

A. It’s very perfect

B. It’s a good educational film.

C. It s not for the general public.

20. Which is the man’s least favorite part of the movie?

A. The diagrams in the speeches.

B. The facts about climate change.

C. The parts about A1 Gore himself.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Most students spend their school days sitting at desks learning. Aurelious Woolfolk, however, does a lot more than sit at a desk when he is in school. He scrambles up high ladders, walks down the sides of buildings, and rides in a fire engine. He is learning to be a firefighter at the New Haven Fire Academy.

Woolfolk and 28 other students are currently learning what it takes to become

a firefighter. Classes at the fire academy, which is in Connecticut, last for about

22 weeks. For two days each week, the students sit in a classroom to learn science, math, and emergency medicine. They learn the science of fires, how to calculate water pressure, and how to treat medical emergencies. During the other three days, the students go outside and learn how to hook hoses to fire hydrants(消防栓), climb buildings, rescue people trapped in burning buildings, and many other things.

“Firefighters have to know lots of different things,” said Pablo Menendez, an instructor at the school. “We have to treat medical emergencies, know how to handle dangerous chemicals, and rescue people who have falle n from cliffs.”

Teamwork is one of the most important lessons students learn at the school. “Working together saves lives,” said Capt. William Seward, the director of the academy. “Students need to learn that they are part of a team.”

Fighting fires is not easy. The suits and equipment a firefighter wears weigh about 40 pounds.

Firefighters are very busy. In New Haven, they respond to 32,000 emergency calls a year Each time firefighters go out, they know they might not come back. Across the United States about 100 firefighters die each year. “That’s why the lessons learned here at the academy are so important,” said Seward. “What they learn here can save their lives.”

Firefighters know how dangerous their jobs arc. Their training helps them overcome their he ights and fires. “W he n you’re up there on the ladder looking down, it’s scary,” said one student. “To do this job, you’ve got to wipe out the fear.”Firefighters overcome their fear for one reason. “I wanted to help other people,” said Leah Harwin. “I thin k it is important to help other people whenever you can.”

21. According to the passage, which activity must a student at the Fire Academy complete?

A. handling dangerous chemicals

B. swimming under pressure

C. jumping from a building

D. sitting in the classroom

22. Why is it important for students at the Fire Academy to have lessons inside and outside the classroom?

A. Firefighters need to practice emotional skills to calm people down.

B. Firefighters need to practice mental and physical skills to succeed.

C. Firefighters need to practice wearing heavy gear to get used to the weight.

D. Firefighters need to practice climbing a ladder to overcome a fear of height

23. What is the purpose of the passage?

A. to describe the activities at the New Haven Fire Academy

B. to inform the reader of the dangers of being a firefighter

C. to compare the New Haven Fire Academy to public school

D. to force students to attend the New Haven Fire Academy

B

Some colors people see late at night could cause signs of clinical depression (临床抑郁症). That was the finding of a study that builds on earlier study findings. They show that individuals who live or work in low levels of light overnight can develop clinical depression. Doctors use the word “clinical depression” to describe severe form of depression. Signs may include loss of interest or pleasure in most activities, low energy levels and thoughts of death or suicide.

In the new study, American investigators designed an experiment that exposed hamsters (仓鼠) to different colors. The researchers chose hamsters because are nocturnal, which means they sleep during the day and are active at night.

The animals were separated into four groups. One group of hamsters was kept in the dark during their night-time period. Another group was placed in front of a blue light, a third group slept in front of a white light, while a fourth was put in front of a red light.

After four weeks, the researchers noted how much sugary Water the hamsters drank. They found that the most depressed animals drank the least amount of water.

Randy Nelson heads the Department of Neuroscience (神经系统科学) at Ohio State University. He says animals that slept in blue and white light appeared to be the most depressed “W hat we saw is that these animals didn’t show any sleep une asiness at all but they did mess up biological clock genes and they did show depressive sign while if they were in the dim red light, they did not.”

Randy Nelson notes that photosensitive (感光的) cells in the eyes have little to do with eyesight. He says these cells send signals to the area of the brain that controls what has been called the natural sleep—wake cycle.

He says there’s a lot of blue in white light. This explains why the blue light

and white light hamsters appear to be more depressed than the hamsters seeing red light or darkness.

24. Researchers use hamsters in the experiment because, ________.

A. they are easy to observe and study

B. they are similar to humans in dealing with colors

C. they are sensitive to colors like human beings

D. they are active at night and sleep during the day

25. What sign shows that the hamsters are depressed?

A. They drink less sugary water.

B. Their energy level becomes low.

C. Their eyesight becomes worse.

D. They don’t sleep well.

26. ________ tends to cause hamsters to be depressed.

A. Dim light `

B. Red light

C. Blue light

D. Darkness

27. What can help people who work late at night to avoid being depressed?

A. Not being exposed to dim red light when using computers.

B. Equipping their computer screen to put it more in the reddish light.

C. Living or working in low levels of light overnight.

D. Going to see doctors of clinical depression regularly for help.

C

1 We’ve all heard it before: to be successful, get out of bed early. After all, Apple CEO Tim Cook gets up at 3: 45 am, Fiat CEO Sergio Marchionne at 3:30 am and Richard Branson at 5:45 am—and, as we know, “the early bird catches the worm.”

2 But just because some successful people wake up early, does that mean it’s

a trait most of them share? And if the idea of having exercised, planned your day, eaten breakfast, visualized and done one task before 8 am makes you want to roll over and hit snooze (打瞌睡) till next Saturday, are you really doomed to a less successful life?

3 For about half of us, this isn’t really an issue. It’s estimated that some

50% of the population isn’t really morning or evening-oriented, but somewhere in the middle. Roughly one in four of us, though, tend more toward bright- eyed early risers, and another one in four are night owls. For them, the effects can go beyond falling asleep in front of the TV at 10 pm or being regularly late for work.

4 Numerous studies have found that morning people are more self-directed and agreeable. And compared to night owls, they’re less likely to be depressed, drink or smoke.

5 Although morning types may achieve more academically, night owls tend to perform better on measures of memory, processing speed and cognitive ability, even when they have to perform those tasks in the morning. Night- time people are also more open and more creative. And one study shows that night owls are as healthy and wise as morning types—and a little bit wealthier.

6 Still think the morning people sound more like CEO material? Don’t set your alarm for 5 am just yet. As it turns out, overhauling (大修) your sleep times may not have much effect.

7 “If people are left to their naturally prefe rred times, they feel much better. They say that they are much more productive. The menial capacity they have is much broader,” says Oxford Univers ity biologist KatharinaWulff. On the other hand, she says, pushing people too far out of their natural preference can be harmful. When they wake early, for example, night owls are still producing melatonin (褪黑激素). “Then you disrupt it and push the body to be in the daytime mode. That can have lots of negative physiological consequences,”Wulff says, like a different sensitivity to insulin and glucose(葡萄糖)—which can cause weight gain.

28. What does the author do in the first three paragraphs?

A. raising the problem—analyzing the problem—solving the problem

B. leading in the topic—challenging a viewpoint—discussing about the topic

C. presenting author’s viewpoint—providing supporting proofs—making a conclusion

D. introducing a viewpoint—raising the question—pr esenting author’s viewpoint

29. What can we know from the 4th and 5th paragraph?

A. Morning types are more self-controlled and more optimistic.

B. Night owls tend to sacrifice their health for their wealth.

C. To beat night- time people, we can ask them to do math in the morning.

D. Neither night owls nor morning persons perform better than the middle ones.

30. Which of the following does Kaharina Wulff support?

A. Don’t fall asleep in front of the TV.

B. Avoid being regularly late for work.

C. Stop setting your alarm for 5 am.

D. Better not overhaul your sleep times.

31. What is th e author’s purpose in writing this article?

A. To explain why some people are more successful.

B. To compare the differences between early risers and night owls.

C. To advise people to get up neither too early nor too late.

D. To argue against the view that the early bird catches the worn.

D

Franz Kafka wrote that “a book must be the ax (斧子) for the frozen sea inside us.” I onceshared this sentence with a class of seventh graders, and it didn’t seem to require any explanation.

We’d just finished John Steinbeck’s novel Of Mice and Men. When we read the end together out loud in class, my toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little, and so did I. “Are you crying?”one girl asked, as she got out of her chair to take a closer look. “I am,” I told her, “and the funny thing is I’ve read it many times.”

But they understood. When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen. In my 14 years of teaching in a New York City public middle school, I’ve taught kids with imprisoned parents, abusive parents, irresponsible parents; kids who are parents themselves; kids who are homeless; kids who grew up in violent neighborhoods. They understand, more than I ever will, the novel’s terrible logic-the giving way of dreams to fate.

For the last seven years, I have worked as a reading enrichment teacher, reading

classic works of literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight.

I originally proposed this idea to my headmaster after learning that a former excellent student of mine had transferred out of a selective high school-one that often attracts the literary-minded children of Manhattan’s upper classes-into a less competitive setting. The daughter of immigrants, with a father in prison, she perhaps felt uncomfortable with her new classmates. I thought additional “cultural capital” could help students like her develop better in high school, where they would unavoidably meet, perhaps for the first time, students who came from homes lined with bookshelves, whose parents had earned Ph. D.’s.

Along with Of Mice and Men, my groups read: Sounder, The Red Pony, Lord of the Flies, Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth. The students didn’t always re ad from the expected point of view. About The Red Pony, one student said, “it’s about being a man, it’s about manliness. “I had never before seen the parallels between Scarface and Macbeth, nor had I heard Lady Macbeth’s soliloquies (独白) read as raps (说唱), but both made sense; the interpretations were playful, but serious. Once introduced to Steinbeck’s writing, one boy went on to read The Grapes of Wrathand told me repeatedly how amazing it was that “all these people hate each other, and they’re all white.” His historical view was broadening, his sense of his own country deepening. Year after year, former students visited and told me how prepared they had felt in their first year in college as a result of the classes.

Year after year, however, we are increasing the number of practice tests. We are trying to teach students to read increasingly complex texts, not for emotional punch (碰撞) but for text complexity. Yet, we cannot enrich (充实) the minds of our students by testing them on texts that ignore their hearts. We are teaching them that words do not amaze but confuse. We may succeed in raising test scores, but we will fail to teach them that reading can be transformative and that it belongs to them.

32. Why were the students able to understand the novel Of Mice and Men？

A. Because they spent much time reading it.

B. Because they had read the novel before.

C. Because they came from a public school.

D. Because they had similar life experiences.

33. The girl left the selective high school possibly because ________.

A. she was a literary-minded girl

B. her parents were immigrants

C. she couldn’t fit in with her class

D. her father was then in prison

34. To the author’s surprise, the students read the novels ________.

A. creatively

B. passively

C. repeatedly

D. carelessly

35. The author writes the passage mainly to ________.

A. introduce classic works of literature

B. advocate teaching literature to touch the heart

C. argue for equality among high school students

D. defend the current testing system

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to Focus

Improving your focus can make you a better student or employee as well as a happier and more organized person. If you want to improve your focus, you need to learn to avoid distractions and to be prepared with a focus-filled game plan before you set out to accomplish a task. _36_

1. Build up your focus stamina (耐力).Each person may start off with a certain amount o f “focus stamina” but t his is something that can be improved over time. To build your focus stamina, just give yourself a certain amount of time to do nothing but work on a certain task. _37_ It may be just another five minutes or another half hour.

2. Meditate.Meditating is more than a great way to relax. _38_ When you meditate, you’ll be focusing on clearing your head and concentrating on your body and breath.

You can easily transfer these skills to clearing your head and focusing on the work ahead of you.

3. Read more. _39_ Try reading something without stopping for just thirty minutes, and slowly build your stamina to reading for an hour or even two hours with only short breaks. Being able to focus on the material in front of you will help you learn to focus on your work.

4. Multi-task less._40_ However, it is actually harmful to your concentration. When you multi-task, you’re not putting all of your focus and energy into any one task, which actually harms your concentration. Work on getting just one thing done at a time and you 11 see that you get this done more quickly. Chatting with your friends online while, getting work done is one of the worst forms of multi-tasking. Chatting with a friend can slow your productivity down by half.

A. Reading is a great way to build up your focus.

B. If you want to know how to focus like a laser, just follow these steps!

C. Keep going until you feel you need to stop, and try to focus for longer the next day.

D. When that time passes, see how long you can keep going before actually stopping.

E. Many people think getting two or three things done at once is a great way to accomplish goals more quickly.

F. Did you waste your whole day reading random articles that people posted on Facebook?

G. If you meditate for just 10 to 20 minutes every day, you will slowly improve your focus.

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

I am a social worker. I wanted to tell everyone about my very dear friend who passed away a few months ago.

I met him many years ago while doing my internship in the county prison. He was directing a program he had designed to _41_ prisoners with drug and alcohol problems.

He was always _42_ new ways to bring hope to these men and their _43_. One of his favorite events was the Toy Drive he would run every Christmas for the children of the _44_. He did this for twenty years _45_ his sudden death. As last Christmas _46_, I decided that this tradition had to be _47_, for the children as well as the _48_ of my friend.

But the he kept the names of the people who had helped him over the years had gone _49_. I had to start anew (重新) and with much _50_! I started making phones calls, explaining about the project and my _51_. I _52_ every night that the event would somehow be successful. To my great _53_, individuals, churches and businesses began to come on board and, _54_, I had enough toys to give to all the children of the prisoners with some left over for the local community _55_!

When Christmas Eve finally arrived, I felt very happy, thinking I had done all I could do and reflecting on what a (n) _56_ it had been for me. I .was bagging up the remaining toys _57_ if there was anyone left who might like them. Then my phone rang. It was my daughter. She _58_ to explain about a woman she knew in Kentucky who had five children, one seriously ill, no husband, no heating in the home, no toys! My daughter and I drove all night, from New York to Kentucky, and those children woke up in a nice warm house with plenty of _59_!

My friend’s _60_ of kindness lived on that year, reaching all the way to Kentucky!

41. A. use B. help C. cure D. work

42. A. coming up with B. catching up with C. keeping up with D. putting up with

43. A. company B. family C. group D. club

44. A. city B. beggars C. prisoners D. community

45. A. until B. after C. because D. since

46. A. finished B. arrived C. followed D. approached