碳材料电化学气化阳极反应研究
太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文
碳材料电化学气化阳极反应研究
摘要
电化学气化是一种新型的气化方式，与传统的气化方式相比，电化学气化有着条件温和、绿色环保、工艺简单等优点。对于实现资源的清洁利用，实现可持续发展有着重要的意义。
本文首先对原煤、酸洗煤、石墨、淀粉和活性炭五种碳材料的浆料进行了电解初步研究，然后选择一种碳材料进行电解工艺条件研究。本文的研究内容和主要结论如下：
（1）各种碳材料恒电压电解的结果表明，在低电压电解时阳极的电解电流很小，表面在电解时发生了微弱的反应。当电解电压达到水电解电压时，阳极的电解电流会因为水电解的参与而明显增加。
（2）气相色谱分析结果表明，各种碳材料在电解时阳极产生的气体中均是CO2。只有活性炭作为阳极电解材料时，阳极产生的气体中会有少量的CO产生。因此，对比其它的碳材料，初步认定活性炭可以作为一种合适的碳材料进行电化学气化研究。
（3）利用红外光谱分析碳材料在电解前后表面官能团的变化，实验结果表明在电化学气化反应过程中煤和酸洗煤中参加反应的主要是颗粒表面的有机基团，石墨基本没有参与反应，淀粉发生了水解，在较高的电解电压下，活性炭苯环上取代基数量减少，在较低电解电压下其没有太大变化，发生反应的主要是表面的部分有机官能团（如：羰基、羧基、酚基等）。
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太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文
（4）研究了活性炭电化学气化的工艺条件，如阳极电压、硫酸浓度、活性炭浓度、温度等因素对阳极反应电流和产气的影响。研究结果表明，活性炭通过电化学气化反应产生的气体中CO2含量比CO含量大约多1~2个数量级），同时随着温度、电解电压及活性炭浓度的增加，阳极反应的电流和气体含量均增加，但是随硫酸浓度的增加，反应电流先增加后减少，而且阳极气体含量与硫酸浓度的改变不成比例，综合考虑本实验的操作环境下得出，活性炭电化学气化合适的实验条件为：50℃的反应温度、0.6V 的电解电压、1mol/L的硫酸溶液、0.06g/ml的活性炭浓度。
关键词：煤，煤电化学气化，碳材料，碳材料电化学气化，阳极气体分析
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太原理工大学硕士研究生学位论文
RESEARCH OF ANODE REACTION VIA CARBON MATERIALS ELECTROCHEMICAL GASIFICATION
ABSTRACT
Electrochemical gasification is a new type of gasification method. Compared with traditional gasification methods, electrochemical gasification has the advantages of mild conditions, environmental protection, and simple process. It is of great significance to realize the sustainable use of resources and achieve sustainable development.
In this paper, the electrolysis of the five kinds of carbon materials such as raw coal, acid-washed coal, graphite, starch and activated carbon was studied. Then a carbon material was selected for the electrolysis process conditions. The research content and main conclusions of this paper are as follows:
(1) The results of constant voltage electrolysis of various carbon materials show that the electrolysis current of the anode at the time of low voltage electrolysis is very small, and the surface undergoes a weak reaction during electrolysis. When the electrolysis voltage reaches the water electrolysis voltage, the electrolysis current of the anode will increase significantly due to the participation of water electrolysis.
(2) Gas chromatographic analysis results showed that all kinds of carbon materials in the electrolysis of anode gas are CO2. Only when activated carbon is used as the anode electrolytic material, a small amount of CO is generated in the gas generated from the anode. Therefore, compared with other carbon materials, it is initially assumed that activated carbon can be used as a suitable carbon material for electrochemical gasification studies.
(3) Infrared spectroscopy was used to analyze the changes of surface functional groups before and after electrolysis of carbon materials. The experimental results showed that coal and acid-washed coal participated in the reaction in the process of electrochemical gasification reaction. They were mainly organic groups on the surface of the particles, and
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