1定语从句
英语句子及句子成分
(一)句子的定义:
句子是用来描述一件事情,表达一个思想, 提出一个问题,它是有一定的语法结构排列组成的。如
The football is in the box.
(二)句子的分类:
句子可以从两种角度来分类:
1) 根据句子的用途来分,英语的句子有下列几种:
1.陈述句: 用来陈述,讲明一件事情,一个情况。
I like music.
Mr. Green came to our university to teach English.
2.疑问句: 向对方(听众)提出问题的句子就叫疑问句,一般需对方作出回答。
What do you want?- I want a book.
How old are you? -I'm ten years old.
3.祈使句: 用来向对方(听众)发出请求,命令的句子叫祈使句。祈使句一般需对方作出行为动作。
Come here, please.
Come to my office immediately.
4.感叹句: 用来表示自己的一种强烈感情的句子叫感叹句。
What an interesting story it is!
How beautiful your sweater is!
2) 根据句子的结构来分,句子可分为下列几种:
1.简单句句中只含有一个主语或并列主语和一个谓语或并列谓语的句子叫做简单句。
I study English every day.
2.并列句由连接词或两个以上(含两个)的简单句连在一起的句子叫做并列句。在并列句中,各个简单句意思完整,不受其他简单句的影响。
These flowers are white and those flowers are red。I am a worker but my brother is a professor.
3.复合句句子中含有从句的句子叫做复合句。
I know it's difficult to master English well.
Can you tell me how many students there are in your class?
英语的基本句型主要有五种
1、主语———系动词———表语
2、主语———动词
3、主语———动词———宾语
4、主语———动词———宾语———宾语
5、主语———动词———宾语———补语
一、主语---系动词----表语
1. Mr. Brown is an engineer.
2. Gradually he became silent.
3. The question remained unsolved.
二、主语———动词
在这一句型中，动词为不及物动词及不及物的动词词组。在有的句子中，不及物动词可以有状语修饰。
1.The sun is rising.
2.Did you sleep well？(well做状语，修饰不及物动词sleep)
3.The engine broke down.
三、主语———动词———宾语
在此句型中，动词为及物动词。
1.Do you know these people？
四、主语———动词———宾语———宾语
在此句型中，动词可以称作双宾语动词，这样的动词并不多，在学习遇时，要牢记。
1. He handed me a letter.
2.She gave me her telephone number.
3.Can you inform me where Miss Green lives？
五、主语———动词———宾语———宾语补足语
1.He found his new job boring.、
2.They called their daughter Mary.
一.句子的成分：句子的成分是指组成句子的各个部分，即：主语、谓语、表语、
宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）、补足语、定语、状语等。
主要成分：主语和谓语次要成分：表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等
(一)主语Subject：一般位于句首，一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的
形容词和主语从句等充当。
Tom is a good boy.
We often speak English in class.
One-third of the students in this class are girls.
To swim in the river is a great pleasure.
Smoking does harm to the health.
The rich should help the poor.
When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.
It is necessary to master a foreign language.
（二）谓语Predicate：说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”，一般由动词或动词短语来充当，一般放在主语之后。
注：谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。：
I like apples.
He practices running every morning.
You may keep the book for two weeks.
He has caught a bad cold.
We are having a quick breakfast.
（三）表语说明主语的性质、身份、特征和状态等，说明主语“是什么”
或“怎么样”。它一般位于系动词（如be, keep, remain, become, get. grow, turn, look, seem, feel, smell, sound, taste等）之后。表语须和连系动词一起构成句子的复合谓语，即成系表结构。
如：My mother is a doctor.
Is it yours?
The weather has turned cold.
The speech is exciting.
The door is closed.
Three times seven is twenty one.
His job is to teach English.
His hobby is playing football.
The machine must be out of order.
Time is up. The class is over.
The truth is that he has never been abroad.
（四）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面,和及物动词一起说明主语“做什么”
They went to see an exhibition yesterday.
The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.
How many dictionaries do you have? I have three.
They helped the old with their housework yesterday.
He pretended not to see me.
I enjoy listening to popular music.
I think (that) he is fit for this job.
宾语种类：< 1 > 双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），例如：
Lend me your dictionary, please. =Lend your dictionary to me, please.
< 2 >复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语），例如：
They elected him their monitor.
His father named him Dong Ming.
They painted their boat white.
Let the fresh air in.
I ask him to go home now.
We saw her entering the room.
He found the door locked.
We found everything in the lab in good order.
We will soon make our city what your city is now.
（六）定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由名词、形容词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语、不定式、分词或从句等来充当。
Guilin is a beautiful city.
China is a developing country.
America is a developed country.
There are thirty women teachers in our school.
His maths is very good.
I am the last person to leave the classroom.
The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.
He is reading an article about how to learn German.
（七）状语：用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，表示行为发生的时间、
地点、目的、方式、程度等。一般由副词、名词、介词短语、不定式、从句或相当于副词的词组或短语等来充当。
How about meeting again at six?
Last night he didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.
I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.
Mr. Smith lived on the third floor.
She put the eggs into the basket with great care.
She came in with a book in her hand.
In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.
He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.
She works very hard though she is old.
I am taller than he is.
八、独立成分：与全句没有语法关系的句子成分叫做句子的独立成分
感叹词：oh, hello, ok等。
肯定词:yes
否定词:no
称呼语：称呼人的用语。
插入语：一些句中插入的I think , I believe, he thinks, they suppose等。
定语从句
1.定义：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词
关系词分类：
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as；
关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：
1）引导定语从句。2）代替先行词。3）在定语从句中充当一个成分。
一.关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as引导的定语从句
1.who指人，在从句中做主语或宾语
2. whom指人，只能充当宾语，常可省略。
3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者
宾语，做宾语时可省略。
5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语
注：whose指物时，常用the+n.+of which或of which+the+n.来代替
The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
=The classroom _______________ is broken will soon be repaired.
= The classroom _________________ is broken will soon be repaired.
(练习)：用关系代词或副词填空。
1. He is the man ______ wants to see you.
2. He is the man ________ I saw yesterday.
3. Do you know the boy _________ father is an engineer.
4. He lives in a house __________ windows face south.
5. The book ________ you borrowed yesterday is interesting.
6. The train _________ has just left is for Beijing.
7. A plan is a machine ________ can fly.
8. I don’t know the man ________ you mentioned.
9. I can’t remember the date _______ he went abroad.
10. Beijing is a place ________ I was born.
11. I don’t the reason _________ he was late.
12. Mr. Ling is just the boy ________I want to see.
13. The boys ________are playing football are from Class One.
14. He has a friend_______ father is a doctor.
15. Football is a game ________ is liked by most boys.
16. This is the pen ___________he bought yesterday.
17. The number of the people________ come to visit the city each year rises one million.
18. I once lived in a house____________ roof has fallen in.
二.介词＋关系代词引导的定语从句
1. 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，常由介词＋which/whom/whose引导
The man _________ you talked is my friend.
We’ll go to hear the famous singer___________ we have often talked.
The school ____________he once studied in is very famous.
The school_____________ he once studied is very famous.
2. “介词＋关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each,
few等代词或者数词
He loved his parents deeply, ______________ are very kind to him.
In the basket there are quite many apples, _____________ have gone bad.
(3) There are forty students in our class in all, ______________ are from big cities.
3. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等
This is the watch which/that I am looking for.
He is the only person that I am taking care of.
注意：
1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。
2）that前不能有介词。
三．关系副词where, when, why引导的定语从句
1. when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语
I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
The time when we got together finally came.
2. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语
Shanghai is the city where I was born.
The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
3. why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语
Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.
注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词＋关系代词”引导的从句替换
The reason _____________he refused the invitation is not clear,
This is the house_____________ I lived two years ago.
Do you remember the day ____________ you joined our club?
四．如何判断关系代词与关系副词
1.准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），
This is the mountain village _________ I stayed last year.
This is the mountain village __________I visited last year.
I'll never forget the days __________ I worked together with you.
I'll never forget the days ___________ I spent in the countryside. 1.
1)Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
A. where
B. that
C. on which
D. the one
2) Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
A. where
B. that
C. on which
D. the one
五．限制性和非限制性定语从句
1. 限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；
非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。例如：
This is the house which we bought last month.
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.
2．非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。例如：
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly______(upset) me.
Liquid water changes to vapor（蒸汽）, which_______(be) called evaporation（蒸发）
说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
六 1. 限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况
1)在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。
2)在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，或者是
由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时
3)先行词有the only, the very修饰时，只用that。
4)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。.
5)先行词既有人，又有物时。例如：
6)当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词，避免重复时
（练习）：There is nothing _________ can prevent him from doing it.
The first place _______ they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.。
This is the best film _______ I have ever seen.
Mr Smith is the only foreigner_________ he knows.
This is the very book ________ I am looking for.
Do you know the persons and the things _______ they are talking about?
My hometown is no longer the city _______ it used to be.
Who is the boy ________ won the gold medal.
2、用which而不用that的情况：
①引导非限制性定语从句；②代表整个主句的意思；③介词+ 关系代词。
He had failed in the maths exam, ______ made his father very angry.
This is the room in _______ my father lived last year.
七．关系代词as和which引导的定语从句
1、as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same … as, such … as结构中。
e.g. I’ll b uy the same dictionary as you have.
Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.
2、as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，用来修饰整个句子。
通常用下列句型：as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as is often the case, as we all know, as I expect, as you see 等。
e.g. As I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination.
3、as 引导非限制性定语从句时与which的区别
①当主句和从句语义一致时，用as；反之，用which来引导非限制性定语从句。
e.g. He made a long speech, __________we expected.
He made a long speech, _________was unexpected.
②当非限制定语从句为否定时，常用which引导。
e.g. Tom drinks a lot every day, which his wife doesn’t like at all.
八、先行词是way, time的情况。
I don’t like the way ___________________________ you talk to me.
It is the first time _______ I have ever seen the interesting book.
This was at a time ________ there was no radio, no televisions.
九、定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词，中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。
e.g. There is an expression in his eyes that I can’t understand.
十、当先行词是situation/ point /case 时，定语从句中缺状语时，用关系副词where
当先行词是occasion/ period 时，定语从句中缺状语时，用关系副词when
The accident had reached to a point where both their parents are to be called in.
This is a period when a lot of people devote themselves to stocks(证券).
十一、特殊定语从句
He stood at the windows from where he could see what was happening.
She has studied in the USA, during which time she impressed he oral English.
It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.
十二．区分定语从句和同位语从句
The plane _________ has just taken off is for London.
The fact __________ he has been dead is clear.
巩固练习：
1．I think you’re got to the point_______ a change is needed, otherwise you’ll fail.
A. when
B. that
C. where
D. which
2．The hours _______ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television peo ple undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people.
A. when
B. that
C. in which
D. on which
3．Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes________ people were eaten by the tiger.
A. that
B. by which
C. which
D. in which
4．There were dirty marks on her trousers ______ she had wiped her hands.
A. where
B. which
C. when
D. that
5．______ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.
A. Which
B. When
C. What
D. As
6．______ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress.
A. It
B. As
C. That
D. What
7．There are many people_________ only on-line activity is sending and receiving e-mails.
A. who
B. that
C.which
D. whose
8．EBay, Amazon and Wal-Mart are popular websites _______ people can sell goods to each other.
A. where
B. which
C. when
D. whose
9．On his 10th birthday. Marty manages to escape from the zoo and gets onto the subway, _____he believes that he can g o to the wild.
A. which
B. from what
C. through which
D. that
10．I hope ________ the little _____I have been able to do has been of some use.
A. that; that
B./;by which
C. what; what
D./;with which
11．The farmers use wood to build a house ______ to store grains all the year around.
A. with which
B. to which
C. which
D. in which
12．This was a film_________ Spielberg used real actors instead of toys.
A. which
B. when
C. in which
D. there
13．The thought of going home to his family was all______ kept him happy while he was working abroad.
A. that
B. what
C. those
D. which
14．A container weighs more after air is put in, _____ proves that air has weight.
A. as
B. it
C. that
D. which
15．—Can you tell me where Peter lives?
—Over there, The two storey house, _____there is a garden.
A. near it
B. from which
C. in front of it
D. in front of which
16．Miss Green took up the story at the point ______ the thief had just made off with the jewels.
A. where
B. which
C. as
D. when
17．—Why does she always ask you for help?
—There is no one else_______, is there?
A. who to turn to
B. she can turn to
C. for whom to turn
D. for her to turn 18．The year before last, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _____effects the people are still suffering.
A. that
B. whose
C. those
D. what
19．Nowadays teenagers like to go to fast food restau rants, ___ as the name suggests, eating doesn’t take much time.
A. who
B. where
C. which
D. what
20．Later I want to return home but couldn’t find a company ________I could use_____I had learnt.
A. where; that
B. where; what
C. when; what
D. that; that 21．Government reports, legal papers and most business letters are the main situations ______ English is used. A. when B. that C. how D. where
22．We hope the measures to control house prices，__________ are taken by the government，will succeed. A. as B. when C. since D. after
23．The boy the teachers considered _______ failed in the final exam, _____ surprised them very much.
A. to be the best；which
B. as the best student；that
C. to have been studying well；it
D. such as a good student；which
24．The president, together with his bodyguards, _______ to the nuclear station _______ there was an accident 20 minutes ago.
A. have come；which
B. came；in which
C. has come；where
D. come；in which
25．Is there a gas station around ______________ I can get some petrol?
A. which
B. what
C. where
D. that
26．There was_________ time________ I hated to go to school.
A. a；that
B. a；when
C. the；that
D. the；when
27．It was in the very house _______ was built with stones _______ he spent his childhood.
A. that；that
B. that；where
C. which；that
D. which；where
28．These wild flowers are so special I would do ______I_______ them.
A. what；can save
B. all what；can to save
C. what；can to save
D. everything；can save
29．I shall never forget those years __I lived in the country with farmers, _ has a great effect on my life.
A. that；which
B. when；which
C. which；that
D. when；who
30. Just like a voyage at sea, our life journey, _______ days are limited, is full of difficulties.
A. that
B. which
C. it
D. whose
31. This is the hotel _______last month.
A. which they stayed
B. at that they stayed
C. where they stayed at
D. where they stayed
32. My neighbors used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _______ was very kind of them.
A. who
B. which
C. that
D. it
33. I shall never forget those years _______ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _______ has a great effect on my life.
A. when; who
B. that; which
C. which; that
D. when; which
34. During the days ________, he worked as a servant at the Browns.
A. followed
B. following
C. to follow
D. that followed
35. Is _______ some German friends visited last week?
A. this school
B. this the school
C. this school one
D. this school where
36. John got beaten in the game, _______ had been expected.
A. as
B. that
C. what
D. who
37. I have bought two ballpens, _______ writes well.
A. none of them
B. neither of them
C. neither of which
D. none of which
38. All that can be eaten _______ eaten up.
A. are being
B. has been
C. had been
D. have been
39. —Where did you get to know her? —It was on the farm，_____ we worked. (2007山东卷)
A. that
B. there
C. which
D. where
40._________ is often the case with elder people, my grandma talked about my new hairstyle for at least 50 minutes nonstop.
A. That
B. Which
C. As
D. It
41. Everyone has periods in their lives_________ everything seems very hard.
A. when
B. where
C. which
D. that
42. Bungee jumping is an adventurous sport, popular with young adults, _________courage matters more than strength.
A. whose
B. that
C. which
D. where
43. Mrs. Black took the police back to _________ place _________ she witnessed the robbery.
A. the same; as
B. the same; where
C. the same; that
D. as the same; as
44. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction ____ had taken more than three years.
A. for which
B. with which
C. of which
D. to which
45. In china, the number of cities is increasing，_____________ development is recognized across the world.
A. where
B. which
C. whose
D. that
46. They have won their last three matches, ____________ I find a bit surprising actually.
A. that
B. when
C. what
D. which
47. After visiting China, most of the foreign friends said they would never forget the time ______ they had spent in China.
A. that
B. what
C. when
D. at which
48. Young people who have got jobs may realize university lesson s can’t be the only preparation for all of the situations _________ appear in the working world.
A. where
B. when
C. that
D. what
49. English https://www.360docs.net/doc/a418910387.html, is a free site_____ visitors can not just learn the English language but also chat online.
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. what
50. As to the unemployment, the government has taken a series of measures in many areas, ______, I am sure, will benefit the people out of work.
A. which
B. that
C. what
D. where
二、关系代词或关系副词填空:
1. The village in __________ he was born is a small one.
2. The school __________ I am working is not far from
3. The boss in __________ company Miss Read worked called at the hospital.
4. The headmaster, with _________ the parents had discussed the son’s future, advised the
boy's to take engineering.
5. This is the best book __________ I have been looking for all this year.
6. Those __________ made no mistakes in today’s exercises please raise your hands.
7. This is the school __________ Mr. Smith once taught.
8. Do you still remember the day __________ we first met?
9. October 1, 1949 is the day __________ we’ll never forget.
10.Football，__________ is a very interesting game，is played all over the world.
11.Here are players from Japan, some of __________ are our old friends.
12.She lives in a small village, __________ is only three miles from here.
13.She is going to spend the summer holida ys in Shanghai, ________she has some friends.
14. George Orwell, ____real name was Eric Arthu r, wrote many political novels and essays.
15.The sun gives the earth light and heat, __________ is very important to the living things.
16.He was often late, __________ made his teacher very angry.
三. 句子翻译：
1.孙老师写的书是世界上最好的书。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2.你知道他打算娶你的原因吗？
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.我讨厌我住过的那个旅馆。
_______________________________________________________________________________
4.正像老师昨天说的那样，他没有通过考试。
_______________________________________________________________________________
5. 她就是那个到明年年底，会攒一万美圆的那个女孩。
_______________________________________________________________________________
6. 他经常迟到，这令他的老师很生气。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 7.我永远也不会忘记我们一起游长城的那一天。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 8.我从这家书店买了一些书，其中5本事英语小说。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 9. 这栋房子很贵，他的门装饰了许多气球。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 10. 史密斯先生教英语的方式很有趣。
定语从句用法总结
定语从句用法总结 一.定义：定语由一个句子来充当，那么这个句子就叫做定语从句。 eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other.其中划线部分为定语从句。 二.分类：分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，还有间隔性定语从句。 eg: is the school (that/which)we visited last year. （限制性定语从句） weather turned out to be very good,which was more than we could expect. （非限制性定语从句） days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a living.（间隔性定语从句） ] 注：定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 限制性定语从句无逗号隔开、不可缺少、起修饰限制作用；而非限制性定语从句有逗号隔开、可有可无、起补充说明作用。 三.构成：定语从句有先行词、引导词和从句构成。 先行词是定语从句所修饰限制的名词或代词。 引导词是用来引导定语从句的关系代词或关系副词。 eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other. 此句中先行词为：narrow streets and small houses, ( 引导词为：that，定语从句为：that are built close to each other 四．基本原则 定语从句中不能出现与先行词在意义上相一致的词 is the book that I like it best .(it 与book指同一物，所以要去掉。) 五．定语从句中常见考点：
初中英语定语从句翻译练习
初中英语定语从句翻译练习 1.我们去年在医院一直照顾take care of的老太太死了. 2.你想娶marry的姑娘昨天偷了我的钱包。 3.孙老师写的书是世界上最好的书。 4.你喜欢的女孩就是我喜欢的女孩。 5.昨天被我家的狗咬的人bite今天又被你家狗咬了。 6.你知道他打算娶reason你的原因吗7.我讨厌hate我住过的那个旅馆hotel。8.我永远也忘不了我们共同生活和学习的那个秋天autumn。9.他爱了20年的那个女孩昨天嫁marry人了。10.她是我见过的最漂亮的女孩。11.有什么事我能帮你吗12.昨天死的那个老太太留下了100万美圆。13.那个医生告诉我他为我爹什么也做不了了。 14.这就是你能在上面找到答案的那一页. 15.正像老师昨天说的那样，他没有通过考试。16.正像我们刚才讨论的那样，学习英语很容易。17.正像我妈昨天告诉我的那样，我的女朋友根本不爱我。18.正像你知道的那样钱是非常重要的。20.你知道你们家狗要死的原因吗21. 她就是那个到明年年底，会攒一万美圆的那个女孩。22. 你认识那个警察一直在找的小偷吗 1.那本绿皮的书是关于太空的. 2.这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗? 3.北京是我的出生地 4.你还记得我第一次见到你的那一天吗? 5.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了 6.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方 7.那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察 8.这是她买的第三个手机 9.有没有我能帮忙的事? 10.我喜欢能使我放松的音乐 11.他们租了一间窗户坏掉的房子 1.The book which has a green cover is about space. 2. 2.Is this the reason that he refused our help? 3. 3.Beijing is where i was born. 4. 4.Do you still remember the day that i first met you? 5. 5.His father died the year he was born. 6. 6.It is not so easy for him to find the place where he lived 40 years ago. 7.7.The thief gave all that he stoled to the police at last. 8.8.This is the third cellphone that she buyed. 9.9.Is there anything that i can help? 10.10.I like music which can make me feel easy. 11.11.They rent a room whose windows are broken 1. Don’t talk about such things of _______ you are not sure. A. which B. what C. as D. those 2. Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one
定语从句翻译
1.李昂就是那个决心清除社会上所有坏蛋的职业杀手。 Leon was a professional killer who was determined to get rid of all the bad guys in the society. 2.玛蒂尔德就是那个父母都已离世的可怜的小女孩。 Mathilda was a poor little girl whose parents both died. 3.足球是一项培养孩子跟别人合作的团队活动。 Football is a team work that trains children to work with others. 4.你想见的那个人住进了这家宾馆。 The man whom you want to see checked in this hotel. 5.这是我们昨天参观的那家工厂。 This is the factory (which/that ) we visited yesterday. 6.我昨天收到的那封信是我的一个朋友寄来的。 The letter (which/that) I received yesterday was from a friend of mine. 7.他常常回忆起童年在乡下跟爷爷去河边钓鱼的日子。 He often recalls the days of his childhood when he and his grandfather went fishing by the river. 8.这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。 This is the house where Lu Xun once lived. This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. This is the house which Lu Xun once lived in. 9.我们不知道他没有来的原因。 We don’t know the reason why he didn’t show up. We don’t know the reason that he didn’t show up. (×) 10.中国政府正在大力发展农业，农业的重要性现在已是人人皆知。 Chinese government is trying to develop agriculture with great efforts, the importance of which is now known to everybody. 11.会议延期了，而这正是我们所希望的。 The meeting was put off, which/as was exactly what we wanted. 12.这是我看过的最好的一部电影。 This is the best film (that) I have ever seen. This is the best film (which) I have ever seen. (×)
定语从句1
1.People spoke highly of the driver_____,in spite of the terrible weather, had saved his passengers from danger. A.which B.who C.whom D.as 2.The island_____he lived in his childhood is far from the town. A.which B.in which C.on which D.that 3.I hope to get_____a tool______he repaired this machine with. A.such;that B.so;that C.such;as D.as;as 4.The soldiers stopped at the edge of a wood,______was the right place for an ambush(埋伏). A.they thought where B.they thought which C.where they thought D.which they thought 5.The factory has 500 workers,40 percent_____are women. A.of which B.of whom C.of them D.of that 6.He often talked about the artists and paintings_______impressed him greatly. A.which B.who C.that D.不填 7.I will never forget the days_______we spent together and_____we made friends with some farmers. A.when;that B.that;when C.when;when D.which;which 8.His family,_______all music lovers,don't want to miss MTV programmes. A.who is B.which is C.who are D.which are 9.Who is the person_______asked for me just now? A.who B.that C.whose D.whom 10.He asked more than one elder for advice,_______he hoped to make a wiser decision. A.which B.by which C.by which means D.by that means 11.His technique has developed to the point_______he can repair many of the electrically powered farm machines. A.when B.that C.where D.which 12.The comrade I share the room________is a young teacher fresh from college. A.with him B.with whom C.with D.in 13.What do you think of the material_______the coat is made? A.which B.of which C.from which D.in which 14.The fire started on the first floor of the hospital,______patients were elderly people. A.many of whose B.whose many C.many whose D.many of whom 15.He was the only one of the boys who______willing to do the work. A.is B.was C.are D.were 16.He is not the man_______he used to be. A.who B.whom C.which D.that 17.I was very surprised at the way_____he spoke at the meeting. A.which B.by which C.where D.不填 18.Is this village______Chairman Mao once lived in? A.where B.which C.that D.the one 19.The doctor______is leaving for Africa next month. A.the nurse is talking to him B.whom the nurse is talking C.the nurse is talking to D.who the nurse is talking
定语从句翻译技巧
定语从句的翻译方法 根据汉语的表达习惯及对原文的忠实度，翻译这类定语从句可以采用以下几种方法1.1前置合译法( 前滚翻)：若定语从句较短，较简单，与名词（先行词）的关系紧密（一般来说，紧密的，为限定性从句；不紧密的，为非限定性从句），限定性定语从句及少部分非限定性从句( 较短且有描述性的非限定)，一般将从句提在先行词之前，译成“。。。的” 1）The action it takes at any moment can’t be predicted,and people find that disturbing. 它在任何一个时刻采取的行动都无法预见，这使人们觉得有些乱。 2）I was, to borrow from John Le Carre, the spy who was to stay out in the cold. 借用的话来说（插入语，作状语，译成汉语时，放在句首），我成了一个被打入冷宫的间谍。 3）There will come a day when people all over the world will live a happy life. 全世界人民过上幸福生活的那一天（终究）是会到来的。 4）The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him. 在他手下干活的员工怕他怕得要死。 5)We were most impressed by the fact that even those patients who were not told of their serious ill were quite aware of its potential outcome. 给我们留下极深印象的是：（同位语的翻译）即使那些没有被告知严重病情的病人，对其疾病的潜在后果也是非常清楚的。 6)One explanation for the pig-eating taboo is that pork that is not cooked sufficiently may spread a disease called trichinosis. 对禁食猪肉的一种解释是：如果未被煮透的话，猪肉可能会传播一种叫旋毛虫病的疾病。 7)But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago. 但更为重要的是，这是科学家们所能观察到的最遥远的过去的景象，因为他们看到的是150亿年前宇宙云的形状和结构。（98考研）
高一英语必修一定语从句1
定语从句 一、基本概念 1．定语从句：在一个主从复合句中修饰某一个名词、代词或修饰整个主句的从句叫定语从句。换句话说，定语从句就是用来作定语的句子。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。先行词前一般用the ，但在指“一个”概念时可用 a , an 。 3．关系代词 / 关系副词：连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词，根据其在从句中作用分为关系代词或关系副词。若先行词在从句中作主语、宾语和定语等，应用关系代词引导定语从句；若先行词在从句中作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语等，应用关系副词引导定语从句。4．定语从句的位置：一般紧跟在先行词后面。但有时因句子结构的需要，定语从句和先行词被某些成分隔开。 5．引导定语从句的关系词分为二类： 关系代词：that, which ,who, whom ,whose , as 关系副词：when, where, why 二、基本用法 1．关系代词的基本用法（见下表）：
2．使用关系代词时应注意的几个问题： a. 在以下几种情况下只使用that不用which。 1.先行词是不定代词时，如: all, anything, everything, nothing, something, little, few, much。 told him all (that) I know. gave her everything (that) he had. 2.先行词被all, every, any, the very, the only, the just等修饰时。 have read all the books (that) you gave me. can take any book (that) you like. 3.先行词被序数词和形容词的最高级修饰时。 1. This is the best book (that) I have ever read. 2. The second place (that) I want to visit is Shanghai. 4.先行词既有人又有物时。 talked about the persons and things (that) we remember in the school. people and the animals that were killed in the earthquake have all been found. 5.在Who, Which引起的疑问句中。 1. Who is the boy that helped you? 2. Which is the book (that) you bought yesterday? 6. 若有两个定语从句，一个用which引导，另一个须用that引导。 He bought a book which could give him knowledge and that could help to kill the time. 7.当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。 Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be. b.在以下几种情况下只使用which 不用that。 1. 引导非限制性定语从句时。 I have lost my pen, which I like very much. (which 作宾语，指代主句中的pen) New concept English is intended for foreign students, which is known to all of us. (which作主语，指代整个主句) 2. 若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词是which，另一个须用that。 The book (that) he bought yesterday was the one (which) he liked best. 3. 先行词在句中作介词宾语且介词前置时。 This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. c.当先行词为指人的关系代词时,引导词只用who 不用that。 1.先行词为all, anyone, one / ones, those, people 时，须用who。 1. Anyone who knows how to do it can do it now. 2. Those who want to see the film please put up your hands. 3. He, who does not reach the Great Wall, is not a true man. 2. 在非限制性定语从句中，须用who。 Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard.
定语从句的用法并翻译例句
定语从句的用法并翻译例句 一、定语从句的概念 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。 二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代 词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 三、定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 四、关系代词的用法 1. that 用于指人或指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。 Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.（that作主语） 译：_____________________________________________________________ The coat（that）I put on the desk is blue.（that作宾语） 译：_____________________________________________________________ 2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。 The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.作主语） 译：_____________________________________________________________ The film（which）we saw last night was wonderful.（作宾语） 译：_____________________________________________________________ 3.who，whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who 代替whom，也可省略。 The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.（作主语） 译：_____________________________________________________________ Who is the teacher（whom）Li Ming is talking to？（作宾语） 译：_____________________________________________________________ 【注意】 （1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，that，which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。 This is the house in which we lived last year. 译：_____________________________________________________________
定语从句1
初三定语从句专项练习题一 ( )1. They are talking about things and persons ___ they knew when they were young. A. that B. which C. who D. whom ( )2. This is the man ___ last night. A. whom I saw him B. whom I saw C. which I saw D. who I saw him ( )3. The seventeenth century was one ___ many advances were made in science. A. that B. which C. where D. when ( )4. We travelled together as far as Chicago, ___ we parted. A. when B. which C. why D. where ( )5. The reason ___ I’ｍwriting is to tell you about a party on Saturday. A. because B. why C. for D. as ( )6. Author Edith Wharton thoroughly understood the society ___. A. she had grown up in it B. which had she grown up in C. she had grown up D. in which she had grown up ( )7. This is one of the best books ___. A. that have ever been written B. that has ever been written C. that has written D. that have written ( )8. The first time ___ I saw Premier Zhou was in 1958. A. when B. where C. which D. that ( )9. Which of the two cows ___ you keep produces more milk? A. that B. which C. whom D. what ( )10. He met my brother, from ___ he got the news of my marriage. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose ( )11. Would you please put the book ___ it belongs? A. to whom B. to which C. into which D. where ( )12. Do you remember the name of the company ___? A. where she works at B. in which she works C. for which she works in D. in where she works ( )13. This is the most difficult book ___. A. what I have read it B. which I have read it C. I have read D. I have read it ( )14. The last place ___ was the Science Museum. A. we visited B. where we visited C. which we visited D. we went ( )15. All ___ you have to do is to press the button. A. what B. which C. for that D. that ( )16. Her opinion is the same ___ her mother’s. A. that B. as C. than D. like
(完整版)定语从句超详细讲解
定语从句 一学习目标 1.熟练掌握定语从句 二考点解析 ⊙定从的功能—解释说明 This is the factory that/which can produce such machines 这就是能制造这种机器的工厂This is the factory that/which we visited last week 这就是我们上周参观的工厂 ⊙定语从句 定义：一个简单句跟在名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。这个简单句在主句中充当定语成分。 I bought a cow that looked like a horse. ⊙定语从句怎么考？ 语法 22.I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.（2016高考北京卷） A.whose B.why C.where D.which 完形 Balto put his nose to the ground, 52 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. （2016高考北京卷） 阅读&写作 A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.（2016高考全国卷D篇） Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public , I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. （2016高考北京卷阅读A篇） ⊙定从原理：把两个句子合为一个，两个句子有相同的部分，此时可以把其中一个句子作为另一个句子的修饰限定部分。
初中英语定语从句翻译练习
初中英语定语从句翻译练习1.我们去年在医院一直照顾takecareof的老太太死了.2.你想娶marry的姑娘昨天偷了我的钱包。3.孙老师写的书是世界上最好的书。4.你喜欢的女孩就是我喜欢的女孩。5.昨天被我家的狗咬的人bite今天又被你家狗咬了。6.你知道他打算娶reason你的原因吗？7.我讨厌hate我住过的那个旅馆hotel。8.我永远也忘不了我们共同生活和学习的那个秋天autumn。9.他爱了20年的那个女孩昨天嫁marry人了。10.她是我见过的最漂亮的女孩。11.有什么事我能帮你吗？12.昨天死的那个老太太留下了100万美圆。13.那个医生告诉我他为我爹什么也做不了了。14.这就是你能在上面找到答案的那一页.15.正像老师昨天说的那样，他没有通过考试。16.正像我们刚才讨论的那样，学习英语很容易。 17.正像我妈昨天告诉我的那样，我的女朋友根本不爱我。18.正像你知道的那样钱是非常重要的。20.你知道你们家狗要死的原因吗？21.她就是那个到明年年底，会攒一万美圆的那个女孩。22.你认识那个警察一直在找的小偷吗1.那本绿皮的书是关于太空的. 2.这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗? 3.北京是我的出生地 4.你还记得我第一次见到你的那一天吗? 5.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了 6.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方 7.那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察 8.这是她买的第三个手机 9.有没有我能帮忙的事? 10.我喜欢能使我放松的音乐 11.他们租了一间窗户坏掉的房子 1.Thebookwhichhasagreencoverisaboutspace. 2.? 3.. 4.? 5.. 6.. 7..
定语从句详解例句
Attributive Clause定语从句 一、定义 定语从句： 修饰名词或代词的从句。换句话说，名词、代词后的从句叫定语从句。先行词： 被定语从句修饰的名词、代词、甚至词组或句子叫先行词。 关系词： 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 1关系代词： 在定语从句中担任主、xx、表、定语成分 2关系副词： 在定语从句中担任状语成分 关系词3个功能： 1.连接功能（连接先行词与定语从句）； 2.担任功能（在定语从句中担任主、宾、表、定、状语）； 3.替代功能（在定语从句中代替先行词）。 关系代词在定语从句中充当 主语的是： who, that, which, as 宾语的是： who, whom, that, which, as
定语的是： whose, which 先行词是人时，关系代词是： who, whom, that, as 先行词是物时，关系代词是： which, that, whose, as 关系副词有： when (先行词为时间), where (先行词为地点), why (先行词为原因)关系副词=介词+ which / whom 定语从句分为两种： 限制性与非限制性。先行词与关系词之间无逗号隔开为限制性；有逗号隔开则为非限制性，且一般由which引导。 唯一可以置于先行词之前的定语从句由关系代词as引导。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. (2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see. 注意： 关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
英语定语从句的翻译技巧
定语从句的翻译 英语中，定语从句分成限制性从句与非限制性从句两种。他们在英语中的位置一般是在其所修饰的先行词后面。 限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句的其别只是在于限制意义的强弱。而汉语中定语作为修饰语通常在其所修饰的词前面，并且没有限制意义的强弱之分，因此，限制与非限制在翻译中并不起十分重要的作用。 英语中多用结构复杂的定语从句，而汉语中修饰语则不宜臃肿。所以，在翻译定语从句时，一定要考虑到汉语的表达习惯。 从结构上分析，常见的定语从句翻译方法： 一、前置法：把定语从句翻译到所修饰的先行词前面，可以用“的”来连接。 既然定语从句的意义是作定语修饰语，所以在翻译的时候，通常把较短的定语从句译成带“的”的前置定语，翻译在定语从句的先行词前面。 He who has never tasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet. 没有吃过苦的人不知道什么是甜。 Space and oceans are the new world which scientists are trying to explore. 太空和海洋是科学家们努力探索的新领域。 His laughter, which was infectious, broke the silence. 他那富有感染力的笑声打破了沉寂。 Harmonious interpersonal relationship is the primary reason why I enjoy working here. 同事之间关系融洽是我喜欢在这工作的主要原因。 二、后置法：把定语从句翻译在所修饰的先行词后面，翻译为并列分句。 英语的英语从句结构常常比较复杂，如果翻译在其修饰的先行词前面的话，会显得定语太臃肿，
定语从句1
改错 1.Altogether I had five roommates, two of which arrived later. 2.I will say something about a foreign place that I want to stay for a leisure time. 3.First, the place where we’ve decided to visit---the Forest Park is not far away from the city. 4.People’s healt h is harmed once they take in these gases, what may cause a series of diseases like lung cancer. 5.The day before yesterday, I went to the largest bookstore where is near our school to buy a reference book. 6.Yang Ling, which is an expert from a health center, said students should try to use their mobile phones less, especially at school. 7.The products are provided for the school canteen, which we enjoy a healthy diet. 8.In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. 9.Around me in the picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. 10.The dishes what I cooked were Mom's favorite. 填空 11.But Sarah, _______ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
人教版高一英语必修一定语从句及练习题
定语从句练习题 1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him 19.I don't like ______ as you read. A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels 20.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school. A. which B. that C. whom D. what 21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing. A. which B. that C. whom D. who 22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of ____are women. A. them B. which C. whom D. who 23.You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it. A. who;/ B./; whom C. whom;/ D./; who 24.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now. A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that https://www.360docs.net/doc/a418910387.html,st summer we visited the West Lake, ______Hangzhou is famous in the world. A. for which B. for that C. in which D. what 26.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV. A. that B. which C. as D. it