职称英语考试技巧(理工类)教材

职称英语考试技巧(理工类)教材
职称英语考试技巧(理工类)教材

职称英语考试技巧

一、职称英语通常经验

职称英语是英语考试中最独特的考试:1. 可以带字典2. 技巧胜过基础

职称英语备战技巧第一条:做题有顺序;考场有取舍!

提高英语词典查询的速度:在字典侧面英语字母所在页附近,用铅笔对应标出该英语字母。

年职称英语备考经验之——做题有顺序的顺口溜:

完形打头、阅读随后;词汇跟上、补全紧随;概完垫底、判断带过!

年职称英语备考经验之——考场有取舍的时间分配、分值及是否出自教材:

完形填空:10分钟 15*1 一定出自教材

阅读理解:50分钟 3段*5*3 有一篇出自教材

词汇选项:15分钟 15*1 基本不出自教材

补全短文:15分钟 5*2 不出自教材

概括大意与完成句子:15分钟 4*1+4*1 不出自教材

阅读判断:5分钟 7*1 不出自教材

填答题卡:8分钟

剩下2分钟:收拾收拾准备离开考场。

注意:中文注释不白给,该句要重点关注。

二、答题技巧

(一)词汇选项题(直接查词)

解题方法:因职称英语词汇数量有限,直接查同义词词典,从近义词中直接找答案。先查B、C、D,后查A,在确定了正确答案之后,不必为验证答案而将其他

选项单词全部查一遍)。词组记忆相对容易,而查词典找同义词相对较困难,要记住教材中的词组题(教材词汇练习一共100题,其中有词组的也就20个左右),如查词组要查实词,如果是词组对应单词,则可从查单词反查。

猜答案技巧:互为近义词的选项往往不是答案,如果划线词后有介词,则可能考划线词与介词形成的短语。通常答案分布特点(A,B,C 和 D 都要作为选项出现,而每个选项成为答案的个数通常是 3 –6个),猜测不会做的题的可能答案(填一样的答案)。

注意事项:注意词的词性,注意动词过去式/过去分词的变化还原,动词一般现在时态第三人称单数的变化,动词动名词/现在分词的变化。

(二)阅读判断(做16题+猜答案)

做题技巧:第 16 题不妨首先看,该题答案常在 A 和 B 中选,短文前三段是解答该题的主要关注点。剩下未做题,依照阅读判断题答案出现特点猜答案。如果没有时间做题,则建议全选 A 或全选 B 作为答案;

如想做题,文章标题看一眼,然后马上看题干;干匆匆扫(视)一遍,“绝对词”,“客观词”和“无中生有词”要敏感,利用它们猜答案;接下来还是看题干,看见专有名词就画圈,利用它们判断答案较简单:题干中专有名词在短文中根本没出现,选项 C 通常是答案;题干如果较简单,题干不妨也看一看,倘若题干与短文标题意义不一致,选项 B 通常是答案。

1. 含有绝对词all(注意区分: not...all/all not), no, none, neither(注意区分: either), no one, every(注意区分: not every/every not; everyday/every year/ every month/ every week不属于绝对词), any,

anywhere, everyone, anyone, never, completely, entirely, only, just, totally, impossible, unlikely等的选项通常陈述意义错误,因此B是答案的概率更大。

2.含有客观词some, a few, likely, possible, possibility, probable, probably, can, could, may, might等的选项通常陈述的信息客观,因此选项

A 是答案的概率更大。

3.含有“无中生有词”many, most(表示“大多数”), other, others的选项通常陈述的是实际上无法做到而因此并没有做的信息,因此 C 是答案的概率更大;

4. 绝对词和客观词都出现,依据绝对词猜答案;客观词和“无中生有词”都出现,依据“无中生有词”猜答案;

5.题干中如果出现了专有名词,则该专有名词往往是判断答案的关键点:a.如果该专有名词在短文中根本没出现,则该题干陈述的信息通常为短文中

未提及的信息;

b. 如果该专有名词在短文中出现了,则除非对比题干意义和短文中的相关信息,否则无法对题干信息进行判断,因此在这样的情况下暂时放弃对该题答案的猜测。

(三)概括大意与完成句子

1、概括大意:解题用主题词法(+主题句法),分少答案就在表面。先看考题要求概括哪4个段落的大意,概括大意其实就是找文章各段落主题句,而段落主题句往往就是该段落的第一句和最后一句。包含文章主题词,尤其包含文章主题词

个数最多的选项往往是答案,包含典型段落主题词的选项也可能是答案。

2、完成句子:均为细节题,分少答案就在表面。先勾画出每个考试题干中的关键词(选项中关键词不管,不要勾文章主体词),解题用线索词定位法+空格前的接续词法。一般第一题对应前三段,特别是第一段;最后一题对应后三段,特别是最后一段。第二道题一定在第一题对应的关键句之后的句子里(也就是从上一题关键句后开始看)。定位线索词集中出现的句子通常就是解题关键句;接续词所在的句子值得特别注意;题干中的修饰词(形容词、副词)所在的句子往往是解题关键句;空格前如果是介词,则应把该介词及其前面出现的实词共同算作接续词;段首/段尾处的句子常是设置问题的地方,需要重点关注。

(四)阅读理解

熟记教材文章练习题的正确答案,重点掌握去年教材上没有的新增文章。

包括主旨题(主题词法 + 主题句法)、细节题(线索词定位法)、词汇题(实词题,篇章词汇题)三种题型。

出题原则:1-1的出题原则(一道题最多对一段,但一段可能对应多道题),常在被选项的修饰词及状语结构上设陷阱。一般第一题对应前三段,特别是第一段;最后一题对应后三段,特别是最后一段。第二道题一定在第一题对应的关键句之后的句子里(也就是从上一题关键句后开始看)。

第一步一定要读文章标题,不懂要查词典。

问题常出在以下句子里:转折句(however, but, in fact, yet);否定句(never, no, not, no longer, no more, not…any longer, not…any more,too…to, fail to do, seldom, hardly, rarely, far from);观点句(sb./researcher/team/

say/suggest/propose/think/hold/maintain/argue/point out)结论句

(study/research discover/find/suggest/indicate/show)陈述对比意义的句子(rather than, instead of, not...but..., more...than..., less...than..., as...as..., the same...as...,different from..., difference from..., similar to..., similarly, superior to..., inferior to…)例子(含有数

字的句子,含有地点名词的句子,含有 for example/for instance;段首句/段尾句;独段句;

1、主旨题

主旨题找答案,文章标题先看一看,标题中的文章主题词可作为第一判断点;主题词也可能并不直接在标题中出现,文章中反复出现的词,该词也是主题词;哪个选项含主题词通常是答案,如果都含主题词,含主题词个数最多选项通常是答案。主题词法判断后,最好结合主题句再看一看。主题句通常在文章的开头和结尾,结尾更明显。

2、细节题

基本答题思路:“线索词定位法”

题干和选项都要看一看,看到线索词就要用笔圈。

圈完线索词,接着文章扫(视)一遍(建议先从上一道题的相关句位置开始往下找线索词),文章中寻找线索词,利用线索词确定解题相关段,识别相关段再找关键相关句,关键相关句常是定位线索词集中出现句,找到关键句,句中词语作比较(与被选项用词比较),有时就直接出答案;如果需要读句子(读相关句)也要先判断阅读的重点:定位线索词在哪里集中出现,哪里就是阅读的重点,读完关键相关句就能出答案;句中如有转折词(but, yet,however, nevertheless,

in fact)出现,转折词引出的转折句常是考查的重点。

3、词汇题

实义词:实词题首先考虑翻词典,翻词典答案如果还是没出现,语境解题是关键。

篇章词汇题:要在上文之中找答案。

猜答案技巧:含有文章主题词的选项(尤其含有文章主题词个数最多的选项)可能是答案;与文章主题意义一致的选项是答案;最长的选项可能是答案; all of the above,objective一般必选;含客观词 can,could,may,might,likely,some,usually,relatively, ipportant选项可能是答案;含绝对词None of the above,indifferent,must,all,every及派生词,always,

absolutely,eash一般不是答案。含有无中生有词many, most, other, others 选项可能不是答案;

(五)补全短文

解题步骤:第一先猜哪几个可能是答案,含客观词的选项一般为答案,含绝对词、无中生有词的选项一般不是答案,含?号的一般为答案。第二看空格两端句子的时态(只有一边有句子的不用看),空格两端句子为同一时态的,空格句子时态相同(如前后不一致则不一定)。在做完能做的题后,其余全选一个剩余的最长的一个可能答案。

先看文章中各个空格在文中所处的位置,如果在一句话的开头(即空格前面是句号),则正确答案的开头字母肯定是大写,反之肯定是小写。

如果被选项之间存在时态差异, 时态是一个重要的破题点,相邻语句往往具有相同的基调时态: 都使用现在时态, 过去时态或将来时态。

主要考上下文之间特殊的写作逻辑:转折关系,对比关系,因果关系,递进关系,自然承接关系,观点+原因,观点+ 例子,总述+ 分述。

转折关系(but, however, nevertheless, in fact, yet) 对比关系(one...another/the other/other + 名词), some...oth ers…, one

the one hand...on the other hand, by contrast, similarly, ) 因果关系(thus, therefore, consequently, accordingly, as a result递进关系(what’s more, furthermore, moreover)

自然承接关系(and, then, in addition, also, as well, besides )

观点+原因(没有明显逻辑词) 观点+ 例子(for example, for instance, 表示地点的专有名词, 数字)

相邻语句会通过词语衔接手段, 语法衔接手段形成意义上的衔接和连贯。

词语衔接手段: 相关主题词之间的呼应,相同单词的反复再现,近义词之间的呼应,正反义词之间的呼应,家族词之间的呼应。

语篇衔接词回指上文(she, her, he, his, him, the + 名词,

this/that/these/those +名词, such (a)+ 名词, they, them, their, both, either, neither。

语法衔接手段:相邻语句往往基调时态一致;相邻语句会通过句子结构上的相似形成排比句。

(六)完型填空(通读全文)

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