大学英语(1)》命题作业附答案.doc
《大学英（ 1）》命作：
（1）作名称：在外学中，如何正确英的听能力如何有效作要求：以下材料作答：
有很多的景和例子：学了多年英的朋友去国外出差或参加国学会，
然到达方海关，在和方工作人行交流的候，竟然以表述自己的想法！
（同学注意，方的海关工作人是一个非学地位的普通位）；当自己乘坐或 Subway 票的候，以表述自己想去的目的地?。的例子，在生活中不枚
。
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其，学英有一个基本的方法，就是同学一定不要忽了基本的听能力培养。
教学的目的不要增加英学者的能力和法分析能力，更重要的是要加人
基本的交流能力——听与。
1、以小文格式完成。
外
2、表明核心点并加以述。
3、字数控制在800-1000 字。
在外学中，如何正确英的听能力如何有效
全球化的影响，促使不同的国家在教育体系中加入了英教学，提升学生的全面素。但是在生活中会出很多的沟通障碍，看得懂听不懂的更是比比皆是，那么怎改善的情况呢个人中国人在英学中主要有两大客障碍。一、文化差异以及生活不同造
成的障碍。由于英美国人的生活，文化背景等不同，学生听英，即使材料中没有生
,度也不大，学生仍然没听那，会存在一定的度。如果学生听一篇关于
中国的日中秋的文章和一篇关于外国圣的内容，两者的易程度几乎相等，但听前篇文章的内容的效果比后一篇要好得多。主要是受文化背景，俗影响的果。
二、英言境的缺乏。在普通已开始出在学生的交和交流中，但平用英
去交流交的学生却很少，周也很少有英境和氛可以学生自然地，松地用英
交。学生接触英的机会很少，感受英言境也只有在英堂。在的言境
中学英，提高英听力水平那就要多花和精力了。既然知道不足在哪，那么我就要
症下。
新教材英的特点是口化，交化，用化，其内容非常近生活。而在大部分中学
特是村中学,缺乏学英的言境，学生只有在学校才有接触英的机会，只有在英
堂才有感受英氛的可能。因此英教真地用英教学，在堂上多用准确，易懂，学生已知的英，少用来教学，碰到不易理解的内容，我要合手、
表情、气、或一些板来帮助学生理解所英的意思。既可以激活堂气氛，激学生学英的极性，自性，从而培养他学英的趣；又可以学生英
言境，他多一个接触英和听英的机会。
其次，重英听教学，把听教学提到英堂教学的重要地位。当学生第一次走英堂，我就要其行英听能力教学，持音机每天都入堂。新教材，特是仁版的教材中安排了大量的言和听力的内容，我要充分利用些
素材循序渐进地对学生进行各种各样的听力训练，着重培养学生通过听来辨析词义，语义的能力，以及对简短对话和短文的全面理解和捕捉重要信息的能力。语义能力的核心是预测能力——根据上下文想象、猜测、推断文字及其内在含义的基本功。例如，听到文章的题目可
以判定文章的体裁；听到开头几句话可以得知文章的背景和叙述范围；从第一段的叙述中可
以推断其后面情节发展的大致脉络。所以在听力训练过程中我们要着重培养学生根据所拥有
语言知识、文化背景知识，以及母语知识，充分想象、推测、猜测、预测、概括内容的能力。我们不仅要利用好听力训练课培养和训练学生的听力，还要利用每节课，每个教学环节来培养和训练学生听说能力。仁爱版教材中的课文、对话本身就是很好的听力材料。跟读对话、
课文之前，要求学生“Closethe books”听录音，熟悉其语音，语调，了解大意，并回答老师
所提出的问题。然后再“Openthe books”核对答案，跟读对话或课文。这对提高学生英语听
力水平也有很大的帮助，也是重要的途径。
总之，听说能力水平的提高是一个反复实践的过程,需要长期艰苦的培养和训练才能见
成效。初中英语教学必须加大听力教学力度，并为之常抓不懈。同时。将听说读写结全起来，形成一个相互作用，相互促进的教学体系，使学生的英语语言的综合运用理解能力得到全面
提高和发展。
（ 2）作业名称：在外语学习中，请结合自己的学习经历，谈谈“自主式”、“理解式”学习的重要性，写一篇心得论文。
作业要求：1、论文背景：自主学习是当今教育领域研究的一个热点问题。作为重要的课程目标，自主学习被看成课程实施的一种重要手段而对之加以研究。英语教学领域，自主学习被视为一种重要的教学方法，强调素质教育和理解式的教学前提。在学习论领域，如何通过自主学习来克服其死记硬背的被动性，则被看成一种高水平的学习方式。2、请结合自己多年的外语学习得失、成败经验来改善自己的学习方法，使自己如何成长为有效的学习者
发表自己的观点。
“ 自主式” 、“ 理解式” 学习的重要性
在外语学习中 ,谈自主式 ,理解式学习的重要，培养学生的自主学习和理解式学习能力，
为学生的终身学习打下良好的基础，适应信息化、学习化的社会要求，培养学生的自主学习能力和理解式学习能力，一、自主学习，自主学习是在自主、和谐的学习氛围中。学生充分
体现主体意识，以相对独立的方式进行的一种有效的学习方式，自主学习不是教育的某种理念，行为的自主是人类发展的必然特征，学习的自主是学生的个性发展的必然选择，倡导自主式 ,理解式学习的重要性在外语学习中,谈自主式 ,理解式学习的重要性的心得体会培养学
生的自主学习和理解式学习能力，为学生的终身学习打下良好的基础，已成为每一位教育工作者必须面对的现实。要让学生在一生中不断获得新知识，适应信息化、学习化的社会要求，学校教育就必须以学生的发展为宗旨。培养学生的自主学习能力和理解式学习能力。也为学生今后的全面发展打下良好的坚实基础。
一、自主学习
自主学习是在自主、和谐的学习氛围中。学生充分体现主体意识，自觉地发挥主观能动性，以相对独立的方式进行的一种有效的学习方式。自主学习不是教育的某种理念，也不是一种唾手可得的教法。行为的自主是人类发展的必然特征，学习的自主是学生的个性发展的必然选择。倡导自主学习就是要唤醒学生的潜能，促进学生自主地发展；就是要关注学生不同的需要，促进学生有特色地发展。自主学习可以培养自主。掌握科学的学习方法是学生
从不会到会、从被动学习到自主学习的关键。英语教师应从教给学生正确的学习方法人手，
培养他们的自主性，让学生独自学习。给学生充分的时间和空间，让他们自己读书，自己感
受事物。学生的个体差异是客观存在的。因此无论是在内容上、方法上、速度七都要照顾好
各层次的差异，帮助每个学生优化自己的学习过程。让他们的学习更加自主和有效。可以营造氛囤，体现自主。要培养学生自主学习的能力，就必须为学生创造自主学习的氛围。教
师要有民主观念，要有正确的学生主体意识。要积极开展学生主体的语言实践活动，才能实现学生的自主学习。此外还应在以下几方面为学生提供帮助。让学生的学习真正成为自主的
学习： (1)激励自我； (2)确定目标； (3)引导过程； (4)发现自我； (5)调控评价。也可以自我调
控，学会自主。自我调控是培养学生 A 主学习能力的一个重要环节。自我调控能力的培养
不是一蹴而就的，它需要教师根据学生的年龄、学习能力、自控能力等的异同采用不同的方法。有计划地学习是学习行为控制的第一步，它可以使学生养成良好的有条不紊的学习思考
习惯，从而提高自我监控的水平。更能自我检测，提高自主。经过一定的自我学习后，学
生们不妨利用身边或网上的一些学习资料，自我学习检测，再利用参考答案进行校对，找出其错误之处，并学会自我思考总结，明白得失，方能有的放矢地再次进行训练。这样，必然
会进一步增强学生的自我学习能力。通过自我检测。学生们的英语自主学习能力必定会有一
些提高。记得自己上学时，在英语课上，英语老师常会这样做： 1.鼓励我们互相帮助，共同进取。要培养学生自主学习的能力，就要让我们尽可能少地依赖老师，凡是我们自已能做的，老师决不插手。老师除适当给予指导外，要尽可能让学生相互合作、互教可学，这样既能增
加同学间交往和语言实践的机会．又有利于增强学生的自信心，培养协作精神，迈出自主学习的第一步．还能扩大课堂单位时间的利用率和有效率。 2.有意识地给我们布置一些课外任务。布置任务让我们课外完成，能培养我们独自计划、实施和完成一项语言任务的能力。让
我们独立地完成力所能及的学习任务是培养自主学习能力的好方法．不但能激发我们的求知欲和学习动机，扩大知识面，增加语言训练量，而凡还能使学生运用所学的学习方法和学习
策略去收集、处理信息，解决实际问题，从而真正学会学习。 3.要求我们记录自己的学习体会。培养我们的自主学习能力．就是要帮助我们掌握有效的方法，建立起“我能学”的自信心，实现“我会学”的信念。可通过日记或其它记录方式，记下自己的学习过程、方法、体会及感
受，对学习进行自我监控和自我评价，以备调整下一阶段的学习方法和策略。
二、理解式学习
理解式学习，分析理解口语或文章要比理解和别人来说或者来写更加容易，这是因为理解是一种接受性的技巧，而说和写是一种创造性技巧，我们能理解的远远多于我们能表达的，我们在使用母语时也是这样，你接受了这个现实以后，应该训练自己使用那些你能马上回想
起来的语言表达思想，你找不到恰当词汇的时候，见到或者听到时可能能理解，但到用的时候却不理解了，你不得不用别的词来表达思想，和意思，坚持听英语，尽量的去多阅读，长
此以往，这样就能提高我们读和写的能力。不管怎么样，在英语学习中，不论是自主学习
还是理解式学习，其目的都是为了能够更好的学习好英语。
华师大学英语精读(1)在线作业
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大学英语精读第一册课文翻译
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