词汇与结构

词汇与结构
词汇与结构

词汇与结构 (共240题)

符号 (注:**有两个空;方框中的题为特殊题)

food.**

– What’s happened to Tom ? -- (He’s been taken ) to hospital. – Where (have you put; put) the recorder? I can't see it anywhere.– I ______ it right here, but now it's gone. **

--- Which do you like better, real movies (or, to) cartoons? --- I prefer cartoons __ real movies.**

(As a rule), we keep records on all the experiments so that we may have enough data.

(Bidding) for the Olympic Games begin about ten years in advance.

(Each) of them has a bedroom and a study. (Leave) it with me and I’ll see what I can do. (The) majority of people agree with him.

(Unless) he studies hard, he will never pass the exam.

(Unless) you change your mind, I won't be able to help you. (What) fine weather it is! (What) he said is quite right.

(What) she couldn't understand was why fewer and fewer went to him for help. A

A lecture hall is ( one ) where students attend lectures.

After ( winning ) the bid, major construction began in Beijing. After (checking) the shopping list, I found that I forgot to buy salt.

All the team members tried their best. We lost the game, (however).

Ancient Greece is the (origin) of western civilization. Ann is studying ( politics ) at university.

Are you still here? Y ou were here half an hour ago. Who (are you waiting)for?

At present, the most important thing is that Britain needs (to do) more to improve the relationship with the USA. B

Be sure to (bring) your wife when you come here this evening. Before I got to the cinema, the film (had begun).

Before joining the army, he spent a lot of time in the village (to

which) he belonged.

Before she left on the trip, she (had trained ) hard.

By next year, he (will have worked) in New Y ork for five years. C

China is (in) the east of Asia.

Could you tell me (how long you have lived here)? Could you tell me (where I can find a toilet)? D

Do you think Tommy is (telling) the truth?

Does this patient’s record need (completing) now? No, you can finish it later.

Does this patient's record need (completing) now? No, you can finish it later.

D

on’t want you to make any trouble, (on th e contrary) , I urge you to solve the problem.

Don’t worry, your watch (is being repaired) and you can have it

Dr. Hoffman proposed that we (put off) the meeting until next week. E

Everything (would have been destroyed) if Albert h adn’t called the fire brigade. F

Frank plays (a lot better than) Alex. G

Hardly (had I got) home when it began to rain.

He (has been working) in the laboratory the whole morning. He (is like) his father for both of them love walking in the countryside.

He asked me where (I came) from.

He didn ’t want anything to drink because he (had) already drunk.

He has been ( in danger) in hospital for a month. He has three companies (employing 50 people each). He is the man ( whose )dog bit me.

He keeps ( looking ) at himself in the mirror.

He kept the light in his room (burning) the whole night. He spends a quarter of the day (sleeping ) He was ( over the moon ) about his new job. He was sick ,but he (got over) it at the weekend. He, as well as I, (is) a student.

Her parents died when she was very young, so she was ( brought up )by her aunt. I

I (shall have finished) reading the book by the end of this week. I am leaving for New Y ork (in) three days; time. I broke my leg when I (was) skiing in America. I can do that job (by) myself.

I d on’t suppose he will attend the meeting, (will he)? I have (already) finished the report. I have given ( up )eating meat. I have lived here (since) 1997.

I have taken many photos. I’m going to get the film (developed).

I know it isn’t important but I can’t help ( thinking ) about it. I prefer cartoons (to) real movies. I prefer classic music (to) pop music. I prefer tea (to) coffee.

I regret (to say) that I'm unable to help you.

I think all these are main points ( worthy of ) much attention. I thought that this would be a funny trick (to play on) Jim. I was sick, but I (got over) it at the weekend. I’d rather stay at home than (take) a walk.

I’m leaving for New Y ork (in) three day's time.

I’m old enough to wash (my, yours) clothes by myself. Y ou can just wash __.**

I’m tired. I (have been )working very hard. If I get the new job, I (will )buy a better car.

If the man (is to) succeed, he must work as hard as he can. If the weather had been good, the children (could have gone) out for a walk.

If you (won’t) stop smoking, you can only expect to have a bad cough.

In that examination students were allowed (to bring) their dictionaries.

In the fifties last century, many new cities (grew up) in the desert.

It happened (on) a winter night.

It is assumed that students at an intermediate level will have a good (command) of the basic structures and vocabulary of English.

It is one of the best concerts I (have ever been to). It is very convenient (to live) here. It’s not safe ( playing ) in the street. J

John fell asleep (while) he was listening to the music. John is no longer what he (used to be).

John Walters claimed that this lack of information (had resulted) in negative feelings

John Walters claimed that this lack of information (had resulted) in negative feelings towards the media. K

Kate was bored at the party, (so) be left.

L

Last year (hundreds) of new books were published on environmental protection.

Let me (look into) the case carefully before I draw a conclusion.

Let’s go to the cinema, (shall we) ?

Linda offered him her congratulations (on) his passing the college entrance exams.

M

Mary forgot (to write) a letter to her mother, so she wrote to her just now.

Mary said to me, ―If I had seen your bag, I (would have returned) it to you. "

More and more people in China now (drive) to work regularly. Mother was busy. Although she was not watching the basketball on TV, she (was listening to) it on the radio. Mr. Smith (played) a most important part in the development of our city.

Mr. White has a wife and three children to ( raise ).

My boss is (always) holding pointless meetings. It really annoys me.

My car was being (repaired) when it was stolen.

My watch has been losing time for the past week. It probably needs (cleaning).

N

Not always (can people do what) they want (to).

Not only I but also Jane and Mary (are) tired of having one examination after another.

Not until most of the people had left the airport (did he see) his sister was there.

Now Helen works (more carefully) than before.

O

On his first sea (voyage), he was still quite young but showed great courage to face the storm.

Our plane (took off) from London at 7:00 yesterday evening.

P

Parliament didn't think the Prime Minister did enough in the improvement of fair employment, (so) he was asked to write to Parliament for further explanation.

Petrol must (be transported) safely.

Please stop (shouting) . It cannot help the situation.

R

Robert is said (to have been studying) abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.

S

Sadam (was married) for 25 years.

She (owes) her success to hard word and strong will.

She has lived here (for ) three years.

She is very careful. She (makes) very few mistakes in her work. She likes to spend time (playing) with her grandchildren

She was (so) late that she missed the last train.

She was convicted (of) murder.

She’s unlucky, and she’s always suffering (ill) luck one after another.

Silk (has been used) by Chinese for thousands of years now. Since this road is wet and slippery this morning, it (must have rained) last night.

T

That book was awful;I was really (bored)

That dinner was the most expensive meal we (had ever had). That smells lovely. (What) delicious soup!

That’s all settled. It (needn’t be) talked about.

That's the (very) gentleman I've been telling you about.

The bedroom needs ( decorating ).

The beef I ate at the restaurant yesterday is delicious. I'd like to have it again even if it costs (twice as much) .

The best thing (to do is) to leave

The big man has always been eating on the go, (so) he has got stomachache. The boy (has been taken) to school already.

The car won't start because the battery has (run out).

The definition leaves (much room) for disagreement.

The doctor advised her (to get) enough rest before going back to work.

The food was (quite) good,but not good enough for me to eat there again.

The hall was almost empty. There were (few) people in it.

The new computer allows me (to) work more efficiently.

The next train to Beijing (is due) here at 3'a clock.

The old man is used to (exercising)early in the morning.

The patient acted on the doctor’s (advice) and finally recovered.

The road (was) built last year.

The sun heats the earth, (which) is very important to living things.

The trip to the countryside was great (fun).

The work (will have been done) by the time you get there.

The workers are busy (making) models for the exhibition. Then she cheered (up, into) a lot when they got __ the taxi.** There are many cities (expanding) very fast.

There is a lot of crime on television. (Therefore) other issues are pushed out.

There is not much to laugh (about) on the news today -- it is all very serious.

These new processes (should be controlled).

They ( watched ) the train until it disappeared in the distance. They all (asked for) the job.

They are (such diligent) students that they all performed well in the nationwide examinations.

They were asked to avoid (drinking) any water which had not been boiled.

This accident (has resulted in) the loss of 13,000.

This is very important. You (must) remember to shut down your computer every evening.

Time is money! We should (make good use of ) our time.

U

Unfortunately the poor girl can't do anything but (sell) all her belongings at a low price.

W

Waste electrical goods (must be disposed of) safely.

We (have pa inted…to paint) the bathroom and plan ____ the bedroom this year. **

We (used to swim ) every day when we were children.

We are (confident) in the future of our motherland.

We are going to have our office (rearranged) to make room for

a mew engineer.

We have our office (cleaned) every day by a cleaner.

We must make a difference between (spoken) language and (written)language.

We need (to repair) the machine.

We shall have an opportunity to exchange (views) tomorrow. What a fool I have been! Why (didn’t )I think of that before? When I was a child, we (had to) wear a uniform for school. When was the building (built)?

When we were having a meeting, the director (was told) the bad news by telephone.

Why (is…being) the old block of flats ___ demolished next month? **

Y

You (ought) to exercise more.

You (ought) to lock the door at night.

Y ou had better (take) an umbrella with you.

Y ou like playing football, (don't) you?

Y ou look (tired). What ( have ) you (been doing)?

Y ou must explain (to us) how they succeeded (in) the experiment.

Y ou will get used to (living) here when you have settled down.

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【第一次作业】 题目:“铁路”是词,“铁锅”是词组。 正确答案:正确 题目:一个多义词的各个义项,可以分别与不同的词构成反义关系。 正确答案:正确 题目:关联性联系形成的新义是词的比喻义。 正确答案:错误 题目:“啤酒”“芭蕾舞”是合成词。 正确答案:正确 题目:词的本义又叫基本义,是词的最初意义。 正确答案:错误 题目:叠音词属于合成词中的一类,如"莽莽”"姥姥”。 正确答案:错误 题目:“虚义语素”是指“子、儿、”等无具体词汇意义的词缀。 正确答案:错误 题目:“找茬儿”中的“茬儿”是单纯词。 正确答案:错误 题目:固定语在结构、意义、作用上有自己的特点,但仍是词汇的组成部分。 正确答案:正确 题目:“鼓掌”“睡觉”都是离合词。 正确答案:正确 题目:语素在构词中的特殊变异主要表现之一是语素义变得模糊。 正确答案:正确 题目:构词能力强是基本词汇与一般词汇的共同特点。 正确答案:错误 题目: MTV、WTO都是带字母的词语。 正确答案:错误 题目:一个多义词的各个义项,可以是词义,也可以是语素义。 正确答案:正确 题目:由于成语意义的整体性特点,构成成语的语素义直接相加不能显示成语的整体义。

正确答案:错误 题目:同音词即声、韵、调相同或相近的词。 正确答案:错误 题目:同义词是概念义与附属义完全相等的词。 正确答案:错误 题目:常用词可以是基本词汇中的词,也可以是一般词汇中的词 正确答案:正确 题目: "摩托车”是半译音半译义外来词 正确答案:正确 题目:词都有概念义,同时也有附属义。 正确答案:错误 【第二次作业】 1、简答四音节的成语是怎样形成的? 答:①成语绝大多数是四音节的,有一部分后来成为成语的词语,原来就是四音节的。如"一息尚存”,出自《朱子全书?论语》:"一息尚存,此志不容少懈,可谓远矣。”"一息尚存”指生命的最后阶段。 ②但大多数成语为四音节,有一个逐渐发展的过程。这同汉语语言片断双音节化有关相当关系。双音同双音结合,是现代汉语的一个主要节奏倾向,而绝大多数成语都用了这种节奏。各种长短不同的词语形成四音节的成语的原因有四个方面: (1)选取原句中最能概括全句或全段意义的成分组成成语。 (2)用四字概括事情、故事、寓言等的主要内容。 (3)省略句中虚词而成。 (4)增加成分(多为虚词或重义成分)于原句而成。 2、简答语素在构词中的特殊变异主要有哪些表现? 答:(1)语素义完全消失。这指的是某个语素原有的意义在它构成的一些词中完全没有表现,词义完全由另一语素表示,例如"国家”中之"家”,"忘记”中之"记”的意义完全消失了。 (2)语素义模糊。这指的是某些语素原有的意义在其构成的某些词中完全没有表现,但词义又并非完成由另一语素表示,因此不能说这个语素完全没有意义,却又不能说词义减去另一语素的意义等于这个语素新获得之义。这里语素的意义是模糊的。例如"捣蛋”中之"蛋”,"电池”中之"池”在这里的意义是模糊的。 3、简答同义词产生的最主要途径是什么? 答:(1)新旧词并存可以构成同义词,如:文法——语法,母音——元音等; (2)标准语和标准语吸收的方言词可以构成同义词,如:馒头——馍,玉米——棒子等;(3)外来语词和本民族语词可以构成同义词,如:幽默——诙谐,海洛因——白面儿等;(4)外来语言的译音词和意译词也可以构成同义词,如:公尺——米,连衣裙——布拉吉等;同义词产生的最主要的原因是随着社会生产、社会生活的发展、思想的发展,语言的词

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property财产 remedy配方,治疗 heal治疗(过程中) cure治好了 treaty协议 amount数量,等于,总计 diverse不同的 ideal理想 steal偷 seal图章 deal处理,应付 conceal隐瞒 appeal呼吁 reveal揭露 economy经济 economic经济的(life生活/crisis危机) economics经济学 economical节俭的(=frugal) paper文件、论文、报纸、纸张 husband节俭的生活 extensive广泛的 intensive精心的 recognize认识

spot发现 identify考察 serve服务 reserve预定 deserve值得 preserve保留,腌浸 zenith天顶 enrich丰富(横向) enhance丰富,提高(纵向) vanish消失 rise-rose-risen上升(太阳、数据)by20% arise-arose-arisen出现,浮现(situation,danger) raise抬起来,抚养 arouse唤起 rate速率productionrate费用dailyrate pace节奏步伐thepaceoflife speed速度 step脚步takestepstodo adapt适应(人的心态) adopt抚养,收养 adjust适应(人的心态,机器调整) adept熟练的 artificial人造的+flowers

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conceal 隐瞒 appeal 呼吁 reveal 揭露 economy 经济 economic 经济的(life生活/crisis危机)economics 经济学 economical 节俭的(=frugal) paper 文件、论文、报纸、纸张husband 节俭的生活 extensive 广泛的 intensive 精心的 recognize 认识 spot 发现 identify 考察 serve 服务 reserve 预定 deserve 值得 preserve 保留,腌浸 zenith 天顶 enrich 丰富(横向) enhance 丰富,提高(纵向) vanish 消失 rise-rose-risen 上升(太阳、数据)by 20% arise-arose-arisen 出现,浮现(situation , danger)raise 抬起来,抚养 arouse 唤起 rate 速率production rate 费用 daily rate pace 节奏步伐the pace of life speed 速度 step 脚步take steps to do adapt 适应(人的心态) adopt 抚养,收养 adjust 适应(人的心态,机器调整)adept 熟练的 artificial 人造的+flowers fake 假的+money false 伪造的+teeth unreal 一件事情不是真的 unnatural 不自然的+smile modest 谦虚的

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