翻译理论与实践(笔译)期末复习及答案

翻译理论与实践(笔译)期末复习及答案
翻译理论与实践(笔译)期末复习及答案

浙江广播电视大学

英语专业(开放本科)

《翻译理论与?实践》期末复习

题型:

一、选择题(每小题2分?,共20分)

二、翻译句子。(每小题3分?,共30分)

三、篇章翻译(每小题40?分,共40分)

四、案例分析题?(每小题10?分,共10分)

一、选择题(每小题2分?,共20分)

1.美国语言学?家罗曼.雅各布森把?翻译分成_?_____?____。

A. 语内翻译

B. 语际翻译

C. 符际翻译

D. 以上选项都?正确

2. 下面哪个选?项是错误的??_____?____。

A. dry goods?:纺织品B.white? goods?:白色的货物?

C.white? wine:白葡萄酒D.toile?t water?:花露水

3.?“This is a speci?a l offer? and is not subje?c t to our usual? disco?u nts”?请问下面哪?个译文最合?适?_____?___。

A. 这是特殊报?盘,不以我方通?常折扣为条?件。

B. 这是特惠报?盘,我方通常折?扣不适应于?此盘。

C. 此系特惠报?盘,不另加我方?通常折扣。

D. 这是特殊报?盘,不局限于我?们通常折扣?。

4.下面哪句话?的描述是错?误的?_____?___。

A.美国著名翻?译理论家奈?达提出了“动态对等”原则。

B.“动态对等”原则是指,运用交际理?论和信息论?的原理,将焦点从传?统的译文与?原文两个文?本的比较转?移到两个过?程的比较,使人们注意?到影响信息?接收的各种?语言和文化?因素。C.奈达曾将“动态对等”的提法改成?了“功能对等”原则。

D.翻译求的是?“形式对等”,而非”动态对等”。

5. _____?____提?出了“美化之艺术?,创优似竞赛?”的翻译理念?。

A.尤金.奈达B.泰特勒

C.许渊冲D.鲁迅

6. 下面哪个配?对是错误的??_____?。

A.赤脚医生:baref?o ot docto?r B.纸老虎:paper? tiger?

C.to show one’s cards?:摊牌D.大海捞针:look for a needl?e in sea

D B C D C D

7.哪句话的描?述是正确的??_____?_。

A. 严复提出的?翻译是:重神似不重?形似

B. 傅雷的翻译?标准是:信、达、雅

C. 许渊冲的翻?译标准是:美化之艺术?,创优似竞赛?

D. 泰特勒的翻?译标准是:通顺

8. 下面哪个选?项是错误的??_____?____。

A. dry State?:实行禁酒的?州B.white? goods?:白色的货物?

C.dry white? wine:涩白酒D.toile?t water?:花露水

9. 泰特勒(Tytle?r)提出的著名?翻译原则是?:_____?__。

A. 译文应完整?地再现原文?的思想内容?。

B. 译文的风格?、笔调应与原?文的性质相?同。

C. 译文应像原?文一样流畅?自然。

D. 以上选项都?正确。

10.下面哪个选?项是正确的??_____?___。

A.bring?down the house?翻译为:“推倒房子”

B.pull up one's socks?翻译为:鼓起勇气

C.think?a great?deal of onese?l f 翻译为:“为自己想得?很多”

D.an apple?of love 翻译为:“爱情之果”

11.A book, tight? shut, is but a block?of paper?.下面哪个译?文是最合适?的?_____?。A.一本书,紧紧合上,只是一叠纸?。

B.一本书,如果紧紧合?上不读,只是一叠纸?。

C.一本书,如果紧紧合?上不读,只是一叠废?纸。

D.闲置之书只?是一叠废纸?。

12. 下面哪个译?文是错误的??_____?。

A.This is the last place?where?I expec?t ed to meet you. 译文:我最后在这?里见到你。B.We are sorry?about? the delay?in sendi?n g you the revis?e d speci?f icat?i ons. 译文:迟迟未告你?方修正规格?,甚歉。

C.We regre?t to learn?that you have faile?d in obtai?n ing the licen?c e. 译文:得知你方未?能获得许可?证,深表遗憾。

D.Owing?to the absen?c e of any news from you, we have sold the goods? elsew?h ere. 译文:由于没有得?到你方任何?休息,我们已将该?货另售别处?。

C B

D B D A

13. 关于英汉语?篇差异,下面哪个选?项是错误的??_____?_。

A. 英汉语分别?呈现螺旋式?与直线形的?特征,这从根本上?讲是中西方?各自重综合?与重分析的?思维习惯的?体现。

B. 在语言构思?方式和语言?组织方式上?,英语呈现形?合特征。

C. 英汉语篇的?差异还体现?在两种语言?在思维还存?在客体意识?和主体意识?的差别。

D. 英汉语篇的?基本差异有?内在的思维?和外在的衔?接与连贯两?个方面,内外相合影?响,又相互独立?。

14. 傅雷的翻译?标准是:_____?_。

A. 重形似而不?重神似B.美化之艺术?,创优似竞赛?

C. 重神似不重?形似D.动态对等

15. 下面哪个选?项是错误的??_____?___。

A. 这衣服将很?快晒干。译文:The cloth?e s will soon dry out in the sun.

B. 夏收以后,有些农民在?公路上晒粮?食。译文:After?the summe?r harve?s t, some farme?r s sprea ?d t heir?grain?s on the highw?a y and have them dried?out in the sun.

C. 你把客人晒?在一边是不?礼貌的。译文:It is impol?i t e for you to ignor?e your guest?s.

D. 我的皮肤晒?得比你黑。译文:My skin has becom?e black?e r than yours?.

16.“Comin?g!” Away she skimm?e d over the lawn, up the path, up the steps?, acros?s the veran?d a, and into the porch?.译文:“来啦!”她转身蹦着?跳着地跑了?,越过草地,跑上小径,跨上台阶,穿过凉台,进了门廊。请问这个译?文是用了什?么翻译技巧??

A.反面着笔B.增词法

C.减词法D.词类转换

17.“Joan can be relie?d on. He eats no fish and plays? the game.”可以翻译成?:_____?。

A. 约翰为人可?靠,他既忠诚又?正直。

B. 约翰为人可?靠,他一向不吃?鱼,而且经常玩?游戏。

C. 约翰被人依?靠,他不吃鱼,玩游戏。

D. 约翰依靠别?人,他很忠诚,不喜欢玩游?戏。

18. 下面哪个配?对是错误的??_____?。

A.He got all the credi?t for the disco?v ery. 译文:他由于这项?发现而获得?各种荣誉。B.The avail?a bili?t y of cheap?long-term credi?t would?help small? busin?e sses?.译文:低息长期贷?款可以扶持?小型企业。

C.How much do I have to my credi?t? 译文:我们的荣誉?有多少呢?

D.They have opene?d the cover?i ng credi?t with the Bank of China?, Londo?n. 译文:他们已从伦?敦中国银行?开立了有关?的信用证。

A C D D A C

19. 下面哪个选?项是错误的??_____?。

A. 上车后请刷?卡。译文:Pleas?e brush?your card when you get on the bus.

B. 她刷掉她上?衣的灰尘。译文:She brush?e d the dust off her coat.

C. 他往蛋糕上?刷黄油。译文:He brush?e d the cakes?with butte?r.

D. 我把桌子刷?成白色。译文:I washe?d the table?with white?.

20. 下面哪个选?项是错误的??_____?__。

A. 价美物廉。译文:fine and cheap?

B. 我们已按很?低的价格向?你们报盘。译文:We have made you an offer?at a very compe?t itiv?e price?.

C. 请报体温表?最低价。译文:Pleas?e make us your lowes?t quota?t ion for Clini?c al Therm?o mete?r.

D. 对我们的业?务建议如有?兴趣,请寄样品,并告最惠条?款。译文:If you feel inter?e st in our busin?e ss propo?s al, pleas?e send us the sampl?e s toget?h er with your best terms?and condi?t ions?.

21. All the multi?l ater?a l arran?g emen?t s need to be exami?n ed for claus?e s that restr?i ct the free trade?.

译文:对于所有各?种多边安排?都必须加以?审查,以便研讨其?中有无限制?自由贸易的?条款。

请问译文用?了什么翻译?技巧?_____?_。

A. 省略法

B. 增词法

C. 词类转换

D. 反面着笔

22.翻译较长的?句子,_____?___。

A.英语主要考?虑如何突出?重点 B. 汉语主要考?虑如何避免?重复

C. 英语主要考?虑时间顺序?

D. 汉语主要考?虑多用主从?结构

23.“The firm was close?d owing?to large? losse?s.”?请问下面哪?个译文最合?适?_____?___。

A. 这个公司由?于损失很大?而倒闭。

B. 这家公司由?于巨大亏损?而倒闭。

C. 该公司因巨?额亏损而倒?闭。

D. 这家公司因?为损失太大?所以倒闭了?。

24. 下面哪个配?对是错误的??_____?。

A. This is the last place? where? I expec?t ed to meet you. 译文:这是我想碰?到你的最后?的地方。

B. 供不应求。译文:Deman?d excee?d s suppl?y.

C. We regre?t to learn?that you have faile?d in obtai?n ing the licen?s e. 译文:得知你方未?能获得许可?证,深表遗憾。

D. If you find our terms? and condi?t ions? agree?a ble, pleas?e cable? us your order? for our confi?r mati?on. 译文:对我方条款?如无异议,请即来电订?货,以便我方确?认。

A A

B A

C A

二、翻译句子。(每小题3分?,共30分)

1.The appli?c atio?n of plast?ics in autom?o bile? indus?t ry has broug?h t about? great? incre?a se of the consu?m ptio?n. (请用增词法?翻译)

塑料在汽车?工业上的使?用大大增加?了塑料的消?费量。

2.We have an inter?e st for your athle?t ic goods?.(请注意词义?引申)

我们有一个?买主愿购你?们的体育用?品。

3. This contr?a ct is bindi?n g subje?c t to the fulfi?l lmen?t of the follo?w ing condi?t ions?。(请注意be?subje?c t to 翻译特点)

本合同须满?足下列条件?方始生效。

4. 新的价格表?将自(在)6月1日始?生效。(请注意契约?语言的特点?)

The new price?l ist will becom?e effec?t ive from (on) June 1.

5. 她负责安排?生产,以确保如期?完成订单。(请注意涉外?文书词语特?点)

She is respo?n sibl?e for makin?g sure order?s are proce?s sed on time.

6. 我们希望产?品的图案和?色彩能照顾?到欧洲人的?心理。(请注意中西?方思维和文?化的差异)

We hope that the desig?n and color? of the produ?c ts would?suit the Europ?e an taste?.

16.Prof. Zhang?gave an impre?s sive?speec?h to a recep?t ive audie?n ce. (请注意划线?部分的翻译?)张教授做了?一次生动的?讲演,听众听了以?后深受感动?。

17. "How could?a great?paper?like the Washi?n gton?Post, full of brill?i ant edito?r s, get so invol?v ed in its own conce?i t and arrog?a nce as to pursu?e a story?which?its own staff?was sayin?g was fabri?c ated?from the begin?n ing?" (注意英语长?句的翻译)

“像《华盛顿邮报?》这样一家拥?有许多出色?编辑的大报?,为何自以为?是和高傲自?大到如此地?步,竟然追求一?篇连自己编?辑部的人员?从一开始也?认为是虚构?的报道?”

18. 当前最重要?的任务是发?展国民经济?,提高人们生?活水平。

Our prima?r y task at prese?n t is to devel?o p natio?n al econo?m y and impro?v e the stand?a rds of livin?g. 19. 方案一公布?,大家就七嘴?八舌地议论?开了。(请注意用意?译法来翻译?)

Publi?c atio?n of the draft? plan touch?e d off a livel?y discu?ssion?with every?b ody eager?to put in a word.

20.The presi?d ent said at a press? confe?r ence? domin?a ted by quest?i ons on yeste?r day’s elect?i on resul ?t s that he could?not expla?i n why the Repub?l ican?s had suffe?r ed a wides?p read?defea?t, which?in the end would?depri?v e the Repub?l ican? Party?of long-held super?i orit?y in the House?. (请注意英语?长句的翻译?)

在一次记者?招待会上,问题集中于?头一天的选?举结果,总统就此发?了言。他说他不能?够解释为什?么共和党遭?到了这样大?的失败。这种情况最?终会使共和?党失去在众?议院中长期?享有

的优势?。

21.Talki?n g with his son, the old man was the forgi?v e r of the young?man’s past wrong?d oing?s. (请用词类转?换法翻译)

在和儿子谈?话时,老人宽恕了?儿子过去做?的错事。

22.They felt rathe?r blue after? the failu?r e in the footb?a ll match?.(请注意颜色?词在中英文?中的差异)

球赛踢输了?,他们感到有?些沮丧。

23.The doubt? was still? unsol?v ed after? his repea?t ed expla?n atio?n. (请用反面着?笔法翻译)

虽经他一再?解释,疑团仍然存?在。

24.In Ameri?c an polit?i cal elect?i ons the candi?d ates? that win are usual?l y the ones who have green?power? backi?n g them. (请注意中西?方文化的差?异)

在美国政治?竞选中获胜?的候选人通?常都是些有?财团支持的?人物。

25.Paren?t s or guard?i ans may avoid?liabi?l ity for their?child?r en’s crime?s if they can satis?f y the court ? t hat they have done every?t hing?they can to preve?n t it. (请注意契约?语言的特点?)

孩子的父母?或监护人,只要能向法?庭证明,他们已采取?一切必要措?施防止其孩?子或被监护?人犯罪,可免除承担?其孩子或被?监护人犯罪?的法律责任?。

11.It was anoth?e r one of those?Catch?-22 situa?t ions?: you are damne?d if you do, you’re?damne?d if you?don’t.

这真是又一?个左右为难?的尴尬局面?,做也倒霉,不做也倒霉?。

12.For a trade?m ark that has not been deter?m ined?as famou?s, the appli?c ant shall?not file anoth?e r appli?c atio?n for the same trade?m ark on the basis?of the same facts?and reaso?n s withi?n one year as of the decis?i on is made. (注意:这是法律英?语,注意措词的?严谨性。)

未被认定为?驰名商标的?,自认定结果?作出之日起?一年内,当事人不得?以同一商标?就相同事实?和理由再次?提出认定请?求。

13.This Contr?a ct shall? come into force? from the date of execu?t ion hereo?f by the Buyer? and the Build?e r. (注意契约语?言的庄重性?)

本合同自买?方和建造方?签约之日生?效。

14.We are not compl?e tely?satis?f ied with your manne?r of doing?busin?e ss. (请运用反面?着笔技巧翻?译)

贵方做生意?的态度有待?改进。

15.V eget?a ble oil has been known? from antiq?u ity. No house?h old can get on witho?ut it, for it is used in cooki?n g. Perfu?m es may be made from the oils of certa?i n flowe?r s. Soaps?are made from veget?a ble and anima?l oils. (请注意英语?与汉语的句?式差异)

植物油自古?以来就为人?们所熟悉。任何家庭都?离不开它,因为做饭的?时候就要用?它。有些花儿产?生的油可以?用来制造香?水。植物油和动?物油还可以?用来制作肥?皂。

三、篇章翻译(每小题40?分,共40分)

Presi?d ent Barac?k Obama?'s state?m ent on the death?of Apple?co-found?e r Steve?Jobs:

Miche?l le and I are sadde?n ed to learn?of the passi?n g of Steve?Jobs. Steve?was among?the great?e st of Ameri?c an innov?a tors?— brave?enoug?h to think?diffe?r entl?y, bold enoug?h to belie?v e he could?chang?e the world?and talen?t ed enoug?h to do it.

By build?i ng one of the plane?t's most succe?s sful?compa?n ies from his garag?e, he exemp?l ifie?d the spiri?t of Ameri?c an ingen?u ity.

惊闻史蒂夫?·乔布斯去世?的消息,米歇尔(奥巴马夫人?)和我都倍感?悲痛。史蒂夫是美?国历史上最?伟大的创新?者之一,他勇于与众?不同地思考?问题,敢于相信他?可以改变世?界,他的天赋和?才华也使他?做到这点。

他在车库里?建立了这个?星球上最成?功的公司之?一,充分体现了?美国人的创?造力。

Fish do drink?water?, but how they consu?m e it depen?d s on where?they live. Water?gets?into?a?fish’s?body throu?g h osmos?i s, the proce?s s in which?water?diffu?s es from a highe?r to a lower?conce?n trat?i on.

For examp?l e, if there?is more water?outsi?d e of a cell than insid?e, water?will try to flow into the cell until?there?is the same conce?n trat?i on of water?on eithe?r?side?of?the?cell’s membr?a ne. The body of a fish acts the same way, eithe?r absor?b ing or losin?g water?depen?d ing on its surro?u ndin?g s.

Wheth?e r a fish absor?b s or loses?water?is based?on the fact that all fish must maint?a in a certa?i n amoun?t of salt in their?bodie?s to stay healt?h y. Fish that live in fresh?water?have a highe?r

conce?n trat?i on of salt in their?bodie?s than the surro?u ndin?g water?.

鱼儿确实喝?水,但它们怎样?喝水却取决?于其生存的?环境。水通过渗透?作用进入鱼?儿的身体,在这一过程?中,水从高浓度?的地方扩散?至低浓度的?地方。

比方说,如果细胞外?的水多于细?胞内,水就会流入?细胞内,直到细胞膜?内外的浓度?相同。鱼儿的身体?与细胞一样?,吸水还是失?水取决于它?生存的环境?。

不管鱼儿吸?水还是失水?,事实上,所有的鱼要?想保持健康?其体内就必?须维持一定?量的盐分。淡水鱼体内?盐的浓度要?高于周围的?水。

Cover? appli?e s to the perso?n(s) named?on this certi?f icat?e o f insur?a nce and for whom a premi?u m has been paid. Impor?t ant ---pleas?e refer? parti?c ular?l y to the Condi?t ions? (on page 30), Warra?n ty

(page 11) and the refer?e nce to the mater?i al facts? at Condi?tion 11(page 30), as failu?r e to compl?y with them could?affec?t a claim?.

本保险适用?于本保险凭?证所指定付?讫保费的被?保险人。

重要事项:请仔细阅读?“条款”(第30页),“保证声明”(第11页)和“条款”第11项(第30页)有关“重要事实”的约定,若未能遵守?以上规定,将影响索赔?。

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