并列句及连词的用法

并列句及连词的用法
并列句及连词的用法

并列句及连词的用法

【真题再现】

1. Ben was busy taking a training class,______we had to wait for him for half an hour.

A. so

B. if

C. or

D. but

2. We should give the boy another chance ______he has made some mistakes.

A. though

B. when

C. unless

D. because

3. —Where are you going for the coming winter camp?

—I won’t decide on the place ___the end of this month.

A. until

B. unless

C. though

D. through

4. -Tell us something about Canada, OK?

-I’m sorry. _________ Jack _________ I have ever been there.

A. Either; or

B. Not only; but also

C. Both; and

D. Neither; nor

5. —Could we go and watch the football game?

—No, ______ you have the tickets.

A. if

B. unless

C. because

D. since

6. There are no buses, ____ you’ll have to walk.

A. so

B. or

C. but

D. for

7. We can easily become unhappy_____ we work out our problems in our daily life.

A. after

B. if

C. until

D. unless

8. —What was your brother doing at this time yesterday?

—He was reading a magazine ________ I was writing an e-mail at home.

A. as soon as

B. after

C. until

D. while

【答案与解析】

1.A。本题考查连词用法,根据句意可知前后句是因果关系,所以选A答案。

2. A。句意为“尽管那个男孩犯了一些错误,但是我们应该再给他一些机会”。所以选A答案,though意为“尽管”。

3.A。这里考查not…until的句式,意为“直到……才”。句意为“直到这个月月底,我才能决定去的地方”。

4.D。考查连词短语的意义区别。either…or…意为“或者……或者”;not only…but also意为“不但……而且”;both…and意为“两者都”;neither…nor意为“既不……也不”。根据句意“我和杰克都没去过那个地方。”所以选D答案。

5.B。答语为“除非你有票,否则我不去看足球比赛”。unless意为“除非”,相当于if not。

6.A。句意为“因为没有公共汽车,所以你必须步行”,故选A。

7. D。句意为“在日常生活中,如果我们解决不了问题,我们很容易变的不高兴”。unless=if not如果不……;after在……之后;if如果;until直到……为止。故选D。

8. D。考查连词的用法。as soon as“一……就……”;after“在……之后”;until “直到……”;

while“当……时候,和……同时”。由答语“他在读杂志而我在写电子邮件”可知,两个动作同时进行,故选D。

【用法讲解】

考试要求:

近年来,全国各地的中考英语试题对连词的考查主要集中在以下几方面:

1. 对并列连词的考查,要求必须确切地理解句子的意义,在此基础上确定词与词之间及两个分句之间的关系,从而确定正确的并列连词。

2. 对从属连词的考查,侧重于对从句的理解,正确把握从属连词。

1. 并列连词及并列句

并列连词表示单词、短语、从句或句子间有并列关系。用并列连词连接起来的两个或两个以上的简单句叫做并列句。其结构为“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。常用并列关系的连词有:

and “和”;both…and…“两个都”;as well as“也”;not only…but also…“不但……,而且……”;neither…nor…“既不……,也不……”,either…or…“或者……或者”等。

(1)and可以用来连接两个或两个以上的单词、短语或句子,表示一种顺接的关系。and在译成中文时,不一定要翻译出“和”来。

例如:My father bought me a present, and I like it very much.

爸爸给我买了一件礼物,我非常喜欢。

(2)both…and…可用来连接两个并列的主语、谓语、宾语、表语和状语等。连接两个并列的主语时谓语动词通常用复数形式。

例如:Both you and I are league members. 我和你都是共青团员。

I can speak both English and Chinese. 我不仅能说英语,而且也能说汉语。(3)not only… but also…,,neither…nor…都能连接两个相同的句法单位,如主语、谓语、宾语、表语等。如果它们连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词用就近原则。例如:He is not only tall but also strong. 他不仅个子高,而且很健壮。

Not only Jim but also I have visited the famous artist.

不但吉姆而且我也拜访过那位著名的艺术家。

Neither he nor I can speak a foreign language. 我和他都不会说外语。

(4)as well as 语意同not only… but also…,意为“除了,还有”。但是not only… but also…强调的是后者,而as well as强调的是前者。且当as well as引导并列主语时,谓语动词的数与前面的主语保持一致。

例如:He as well as his students gets up at 6 o’clock.

不仅他的学生们而且他也是6点钟起床。

2. 表示转折关系的连词及并列句

表示转折关系的连词有:but“但是”;while“而”;however“然而”;though (although)“虽然”等。要注意,but和though(although)在句中只能选用一个,句意不变。

例如:The doctors tried to save the patient, but they failed.

= Although the doctors tried to save the patient, they failed.

尽管医生们尽力抢救那个病人,但是失败了。

Lucy likes red while Lily likes white. 露西喜欢红色,而莉莉喜欢白色。

He worked hard. However, he failed. 他很努力,然而还是失败了。

3. 表示选择关系的连词及并列句

(1)either…or…“不是……就是……”

这两个连词主要表示一种选择关系时,需要注意的是either…or…通常引导两个相同的句法单位,当连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词用就近原则。

例如:Either he or she is going to help you. 不是他帮你就是她帮你。

(2)or 用在选择疑问句中连接被选择的对象,意为“或,还是”;用于否定句中连接并列成分,表示“和,与”的意思。

例如:Would you like coffee or tea? 你想要咖啡还是茶?

I don’t like bread, rice or porridge. 我不喜欢面包、米饭还有稀饭。

注意:

在否定句中,如果所接的两部分都有否定词,那么用and而不用or连接。

例如:There is no water and no air on the moon. 月球上没有水,也没有空气。

or在祈使句中意为“否则”,句型为:“祈使句,or …”=“If you don’t…,you’ll…”,or在这里表示“(请你干…)否则你就会…”,含有明显的转折意味。

Hurry up,or you will be late.

=If you don’t hurry up,you will be late. 快点,否则你会迟到的。

IV.表示因果关系的连词及并列句

表示因果关系的并列连词有so(所以),for(因为)。for可译为“因为”,但只是为主句中所说的话提供推断的理由加以解释,且for引导的句子往往放于主句之后,前面用逗号隔开。

Kate was ill, so she didn’t go to school. 凯特生病了,所以她没有去上学。

I have to stay up late, for I have lots of homework to do.

我不得不熬夜,因为我有许多作业要做。

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我会说英语和日语。 Which would you like? Tea or coffee? 您要哪一种?你要茶还是咖啡呢? Hurry up, or we’ll be late. 快点儿,否则我们就要迟到了。 注意:and可以和祈使句或名词词组连用表示条件(or也有此用法),如:Make up your mind, and you’ll get the chance.= If you make up your mind,you’ll get the chance. 如果你下定决心,你会有机会的。 (2)both…and… They can both read English and speak it well. 他们既能读英语又能说得很好。 She plays both the piano and the guitar. 她既弹钢琴又弹吉他。 (3)not only….but also….与as well as She plays not only the piano, but also the guitar. 她不仅弹钢琴,而且弹吉他。

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