英国文学史诗歌分析
1. Sonnet 18
----William Shakespeare Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?
(Could I compare you to the time of summer?)
Thou art more lovely and more temperate:
(You are more lovely and more gentle and mild than the days)
(Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,
(The wild winds shakes the favorite flowers of May. )
And summer's lease hath all too short a date:
(And the duration of summer has a limited period of time)
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
(Sometimes the sun shining is too hot. )
And often is his gold complexion dimmed;
(Or often goes behind the clouds.)
And every fair from fair sometime declines,
(And everything beautiful will lose its beauty.)
By chance or nature's changing course untrimmed;
(By misfortune or by nature’s planned out course)
But thy eternal summer shall not fade ,
(But your youth shall not fade)
Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st;
(Nor will you lose the beauty that you possessed)
Nor shall Death brag thou wander'rest in his shade,
(Nor will death claim you for his own)
When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st
(Because in my eternal verse you will live forever)
So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,
(So long as the men can live in the world with sight and breath)
So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.
(This poem will exist and you will live in forever.)
a)The author of the poem is William Shakespeare .It is a typical English sonnet, the rhyme
scheme of the poem is “abab cdcd efef gg”.
b)On the surface the poem is simply a statement to praise the beauty of the young man. But the
more important is the poet wants to show the power of the poem which can defy time and last forever. The stability of love and its power to immortalize the subject of the poet's verse is the theme.
2. On His Blindness
----John Milton
When I consider how my light is spent 想到了在这茫茫黑暗的世界里
Ere half my days， in this dark world and wide还未到半生这两眼就已失明，
And that one talent which is death to hide ，想到了我的才能，要是埋起来，Lodged with me useless, though my soul more bent 会招致死亡，却放在我手里无用，
To serve therewith my Maker, and present 虽然我一心想用它服务造物主，
My true account, lest He, returning chide；免得报账时，得不到他的宽容；"Doth God exact day-labor, light denied?" "神不给我光明，还让我做日工 ?’’想到这，I fondly ask. But Patience, to prevent 我愚蠢地自问.但"忍耐"看我在抱怨，That murmur, soon replies, "God doth not need" 立刻止住我，神并不要你工作，Either man's work or his own gifts.；Who best 或还他礼物。
Bear his mild yoke, they serve him best. His state 谁最能服从他，谁就是忠于职守，
Is kingly. Thousands at his bidding speed 他君临万方，只要他一声吩咐，
And post o'er land and ocean without rest:万千个天使就赶忙在海陆奔驰，。" They also serve who only stand and wait." 但侍立左右的，也还是为他服务
a) The author of this poem is John Milton. The name of this poem is On His Blindness.
b) It is a famous Italian Sonnet ,and the rhyme scheme of the poem is abba abba cde cde.
c) The paraphrase of this poem :
d) I n the sonnet , the speaker meditates on the fact that he has become blind .He expresses his frustration at being prevented by his disability from serving God as well as he desires to . He is answered by “Patience,” who tells him that God has many who hurry to do his bidding , and does
not really need man’s work . What valued is the ability to bear God’s “mild yoke.” to tolerate whatever God asks faithfully and without complaint. This poem presents a carefully reasoned argument, on the basis of Christian faith, for the acceptance of physical impairment .The speaker learns that, rather than being an obstacle to his fulfillment of God’s work for him, his blindness is a part of that work, and that his achievement lies in living patiently with it.
3. I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
----William Wordsworth I wandered lonely as a cloud 我孤独地漫游，像一朵云
That floats on high o'er vales and hills, 在山丘和谷地上飘荡，
When all at once I saw a crowd, 忽然间我看见一群
A host, of golden daffodils; 金色的水仙花迎春开放，Beside the lake, beneath the trees, 在树荫下，在湖水边，Fluttering and dancing in the breeze. 迎着微风起舞翩翩。Continuous as the stars that shine 绵不绝，如繁星灿烂，
And twinkle on the milky way, 在银河里闪闪发光，They stretched in never-ending line 它们沿着湖湾的边缘
Along the margin of a bay: 延伸成无穷无尽的一行；
Ten thousand saw I at a glance, 我一眼看见了一万朵，
Tossing their heads in sprightly dance. 在欢舞之中起伏颠簸。
The waves beside them danced; but they 粼粼波光也在跳着舞，
Out-did the sparkling waves in glee: 水仙的欢欣却胜过水波；
A poet could not but be gay, 与这样快活的伴侣为伍，
In such a jocund company: 诗人怎能不满心欢乐！
I gazed--and gazed--but little thought 我久久凝望，却想象不到
What wealth the show to me had brought: 这奇景赋予我多少财宝，——
For oft, when on my couch I lie 每当我躺在床上不眠，
In vacant or in pensive mood, 或心神空茫，或默默沉思，They flash upon that inward eye 它们常在心灵中闪现，
Which is the bliss of solitude; 那是孤独之中的福祉；
And then my heart with pleasure fills, 于是我的心便涨满幸福，
And dances with the daffodils. 和水仙一同翩翩起舞。
a) This poem is written by William Wordsworth, its name is I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud.
b) This poem is a lyric ballad poem, the rhyme scheme of this poem is “ababcc, efefgg, hihikk, lmlmnn”. Structure: Four Stanzas, each including 6 lines. Rhetoric: Simile, personification, alliteration.
c) The paraphrase of this poem:
d) This poem is about the nature’s beauty. With his pure and poetic language, Wordsworth brings us into a beautiful world where there are daffodils, trees and breeze. People sometimes fail to appreciate nature’s wonders as they go about their routines. But we fallow the poet at every turn of his feelings .We share his m elancholy when he “wandered lonely as a cloud” and his delight of the moment his heart “with pleasure fills”. We come to realize the great power of nature that may influence our life deeply as revealed in the poem.
4. Ode to the West Wind
----Percy Bysshe Shelly
I
O wild West Wind, thou breath of autumn’s being,
Thou, from whose unseen presence the leaves dead
Are driven, like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing,
Yellow, and black, and pale, and hectic red,
Pestilence-stricken multitudes: O thou,
Who chariotest to their dark wintry bed
The winged seeds, where they lie cold and low,
Each like a corpse within its grave, until
Thine azure sister of the Spring shall blow
Her clarion o'er the dreaming earth, and fill
(Driving sweet buds like flocks to feed in air)
With living hues and odours plain and hill:
Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere;
Destroyer and preserver; hear, oh hear!
II
Thou on whose stream, mid the steep sky's commotion,
Loose clouds like earth's decaying leaves are shed,
Shook from the tangled boughs of Heaven and Ocean,
Angels of rain and lightning: there are spread
On the blue surface of thine a{:e}ry surge,
Like the bright hair uplifted from the head
Of some fierce Maenad, even from the dim verge Of the horizon to the zenith's height,
The locks of the approaching storm. Thou dirge Of the dying year, to which this closing night
Will be the dome of a vast sepulchre,
Vaulted with all thy congregated might
Of vapours, from whose solid atmosphere
Black rain, and fire, and hail will burst: oh hear! III
Thou who didst waken from his summer dreams The blue Mediterranean, where he lay,
Lulled by the coil of his crystalline streams,
Beside a pumice isle in Baiae's bay,
And saw in sleep old palaces and towers
Quivering within the wave's intenser day,
All overgrown with azure moss and flowers
So sweet, the sense faints picturing them! Thou For whose path the Atlantic's level powers
Cleave themselves into chasms, while far below The sea-blooms and the oozy woods which wear The sapless foliage of the ocean, know
Thy voice, and suddenly grow gray with fear,
And tremble and despoil themselves: oh hear!
IV
If I were a dead leaf thou mightest bear;
If I were a swift cloud to fly with thee;
A wave to pant beneath thy power, and share
The impulse of thy strength, only less free
Than thou, O uncontrollable! If even
I were as in my boyhood, and could be
The comrade of thy wanderings over Heaven,
As then, when to outstrip thy skiey speed
Scarce seem'd a vision; I would ne'er have striven
As thus with thee in prayer in my sore need.
Oh, lift me as a wave, a leaf, a cloud!
I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed!
A heavy weight of hours has chain'd and bow'd One too like thee: tameless, and swift, and proud. V
Make me thy lyre, even as the forest is:
What if my leaves are falling like its own!
The tumult of thy mighty harmonies
Will take from both a deep, autumnal tone,
Sweet though in sadness. Be thou, Spirit fierce, My spirit! Be thou me, impetuous one!
Drive my dead thoughts over the universe
Like wither'd leaves to quicken a new birth!
And, by the incantation of this verse,
Scatter, as from an unextinguish'd hearth
Ashes and sparks, my words among mankind!
Be through my lips to unawaken'd earth
The trumpet of a prophecy! O Wind,
If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind? Translation
一
哦，狂野的西风，秋之实体的气息！
由于你无形无影的出现，万木萧疏，
似鬼魅逃避驱魔巫师，蔫黄，黢黑，
苍白，潮红，疫疠摧残的落叶无数，
四散飘舞；哦，你又把有翅的种籽
凌空运送到他们黑暗的越冬床圃；
仿佛是一具具僵卧在坟墓里的尸体，
他们将分别蛰伏，冷落而又凄凉，
直到阳春你蔚蓝的姐妹向梦中的大地
吹响她嘹亮的号角（如同牧放群羊
驱送香甜的花蕾到空气中觅食就饮）
给高山平原注满生命的色彩和芬芳。
不羁的精灵，你啊，你到处运行；
你破坏，你也保存，听，哦，听！二
在你的川流上，在骚动的高空，
纷乱的乌云，那雨和电的天使，
正象大地凋零枯散的落叶无穷，
挣脱天空和海洋交情缠接的柯枝，
漂流奔泻；在你清虚的波涛表面，
似酒神女祭司头上扬起的蓬勃青丝。
从那茫茫地平线阴暗的边缘
直到苍穹的绝顶，到处散步着
迫近的暴风雨飘摇翻腾的发卷。
你啊，垂死残年的挽歌，四合的夜幕
在你聚集的全部水汽威力的支撑下，
将构成他那庞大墓穴的拱形顶部。
从你那雄浑磅礴的氛围，将迸发
黑色的雨、火、冰雹；哦，听啊！三
你，哦，是你把蓝色的地中海
从梦中唤醒，他在一整个夏天
都酣睡在贝伊湾一座浮石岛外，
被澄澈的流水喧哗声催送入眠，
梦见了古代的楼台、塔堡和宫闱，
在强烈汹涌的波光里不住地抖颤，
全部长满了蔚蓝色苔藓和花卉，
馨香馥郁，如醉的知觉难以描摹。
哦，为了给你让路，大西洋水
豁然开裂，而在浩森波澜深处，
海底的花藻和枝叶无汁的丛林，
哦，由于把你的呼啸声辨认出，
一时都惨然变色，胆沐心惊，
战栗着自行凋落；听，哦，听！
四
我若是一朵轻捷的浮云能和你同飞，
我若是一片落叶，你所能提携，
我若是一头波浪能喘息于你的神威，
分享你雄强的脉搏，自由不羁，
仅次于，哦，仅次于不可控制的你，
我若能象少年时，作为伴侣，
随你同游天际，因为在那时节，
似乎超越你天界的神速也不为奇迹；
我也就不至于象现在这样急切，
向你苦苦祈求。哦，快把我扬起，
就象你扬起的波浪、浮云、落叶！
我倾覆于人生的荆棘！我在流血！
岁月的重负压制着的这一个太象你，
象你一样，骄傲，不驯，而且敏捷。五
象你以森林演奏，请你也以我为琴，
哪怕我的叶片也象森林一样凋谢！
你那非凡和谐的慷慨激越之情，
定能从森林和我同奏出深沉的秋乐，
悲怆却又甘洌。但愿你勇猛的精灵
竟是我的魂魄，我能成为剽悍的你！
请把我枯萎的思绪播送宇宙，
就象你驱遣落叶催促新的生命，
请凭借我这韵文写就的符咒，
就象从未灭的余烬扬出炉灰和火星，
把我的话语传遍天地间万户千家，
通过我的嘴唇，向沉睡未醒的人境，
让预言的号角奏鸣！哦，风啊，
如果冬天来了，春天还会远吗？
a) The author of the poem is Percy Bysshe Shelley . It is a famous Lyric. And the rhyme scheme of the poem is aba bcb cdc ded ee .
b) The poem Ode to the West Wind consists of five sections written in terza rima. Each section consists of four tercets (ABA, BCB, CDC, DED) and a rhyming couplet (EE). The Ode is written in iambic pentameter.
c) Analysis:
Stanza 1:
The west wind on the earth, The speaker invokes the “wind west wind” of autumn, which scatters the dead leaves and spreads seeds so that they may be nurturned by the spring, and asks that the wind , a “destroyer and Dreserver” hear him
Stanza2.
The west wind in the sky. The speaker calls the wind the “dirge of the dying year .” and describes how it stirs up violent storms, and again implores it to hear him .
Stanza3:
The west wind on the sea. The speaker says that the wind stirs the Mediterranean from “his summer dreams，” and cleaves the Atlantic into choppy chasms, Making the “sapless foliage” of the ocean tremble and asks for a third time that it hear him.
Stanza4:
The wish of Shelley. He pleads with the wind to lift him “ as a wave , a leaf , a cloud “ For though he is like the wind at heart ,untamable and proud . He is now chained and bored with the weight of his hours upon the earth.
Sranza5:
The wish of Shelly, He asks the wind, by the incantation of this verse , to scatter his words among mankind to be the “trumpet of a prophecy,” Speaking both in regard to the season and in regard to the effect upon mankind that he hopes his words to have , the speaker asks :If winter comes , can spring be far behind?”
1---3 the activities of the wind: on the earth , in the sky , and on the sea.
4- Expresses his envy for the boundless freedom of the west wind
5- Expresses his wish to be free like the wind and to scatter his words among mankind.
5. My Last Duchess
----Robert Browning That's my last Duchess painted on the wall, 墙上的这幅面是我的前公爵夫人
Looking as if she were alive. I call 看起来就像她活着一样。如今
That piece a wonder, now: Frà Pandolf's hands 我称它为奇迹：潘道夫师的手笔
Worked busily a day, and there she stands. 经一日忙碌，从此她就在此站立。
Will’t please you sit and look at her? I said 你愿坐下看看她吗？我有意提起
'Frà Pandolf' by design, for never read 潘道夫，因为外来的生客（例如你）
Strangers like you that pictured countenance, 凡是见了画中描绘的面容、
The depth and passion of its earnest glance, 那真挚的眼神的深邃和热情，
But to myself they turned (since none puts by 没有一个不转向我（因为除我外
The curtain I have drawn for you, but I) 再没有别人把画上的帘幕拉开）
And seemed as they would ask me, if they durst, 似乎想问我可是又不大敢问；
How such a glance came there; so, not the first 是从哪儿来的——这样的眼神？
Are you to turn and ask thus. Sir, 't was not 你并非第一个人回头这样问我。
Her husband's presence only, called that spot 先生，不仅仅是她丈夫的在座
Of joy into the Duchess' cheek: perhaps 使公爵夫人面带欢容，可能
Frà Pandolf chanced to say, 'Her mantle laps 潘道夫偶然说过：“夫人的披风
Over my lady's wrist too much,' or 'Paint 盖住她的手腕太多，”或者说：
Mu st never hope to reproduce the faint“隐约的红晕向颈部渐渐隐没，
Half-flush that dies along her throat:' such stuff 这绝非任何颜料所能复制。”
Was courtesy, she thought, and cause enough 这种无聊话，却被她当成好意，
For calling up that spot of joy. She had 也足以唤起她的欢心。她那颗心——
A heart -- how shall I say? -- too soon made glad, 怎么说好呢？——要取悦容易得很，Too easily impressed; she liked whate'er 也太易感动。她看到什么都喜欢，
She looked on, and her looks went everywhere. 而她的目光又偏爱到处观看。
Sir, 't was all one! my favour at her breast, 先生，她对什么都一样！她胸口上
The dropping of the daylight in the West, 佩戴的我的赠品，或落日的余光；
The bough of cherries some officious fool 过分殷勤的傻子在园中攀折
Broke in the orchard for her, the white mule 给她的一枝樱桃，或她骑着
She rode with round the terrace -- all and each 绕行花圃的白骡——所有这一切Would draw from her alike the approving speech, 都会使她同样地赞羡不绝，
Or blush, at least. She thanked men, -- good! but thanked 但她的感激（我说不上怎么搞的）
Somehow -- I know not how -- as if she ranked 仿佛把我赐她的九百年的门第
my gift of a nine-hundred-years-old name 与任何人的赠品并列。谁愿意
With anybody's gift. Who'd stoop to blame? 屈尊去谴责这种轻浮举止？即使
This sort of trifling? Even had you skill你有口才（我却没有）能把你的意志
In speech -- (which I have not) -- to make your will 给这样的人儿充分说明：“你这点Quite clear to such an one, and say, 'Just this 或那点令我讨厌。这儿你差得远，
Or that in you disgusts me; here you miss, 而那儿你超越了界限。”即使她肯听
Or there exceed the mark' -- and if she let 你这样训诫她而毫不争论，
Herself be lessoned so, nor plainly set 毫不为自己辩解，——我也觉得
Her wits to yours, forsooth, and made excuse, 这会有失身份，所以我选择
-- E'en then would be some stooping; and I choose
Never to stoop. Oh, sir, she smiled, no doubt, 绝不屈尊。哦，先生，她总是在微笑，Whene'er I passed her; but who passed without 每逢我走过；但是谁人走过得不到Much the same smile? This grew; I have commands; 同样慷慨的微笑？发展至此，
Then all smiles stopped together. There she stands 我下了令：于是一切微笑都从此制止。
As if alive. Will 't please you rise? We'll meet 她站在那儿，像活着一样。请你起身
The company below then. I repeat, 客人们在楼下等。我再重复一声：
The Count your master's known munificence 你的主人——伯爵先生闻名的大方
Is ample warrant that no just pretence 足以充分保证：我对嫁妆
Of mine for dowry will be disallowed; 提出任何合理要求都不会遭拒绝；
Though his fair daughter's self, as I avowed 当然．如我开头声明的，他美貌的小姐
At starting, is my object. Nay, we'll go 才是我追求的目标。别客气，让咱们
Together down, sir. Notice Neptune, though, 一同下楼吧。但请看这海神尼普顿
Taming a sea-horse, thought a rarity, 在驯服海马，这是件珍贵的收藏，
Which Claus of Innsbruck cast in bronze for me! 克劳斯为我特制的青铜铸像
a)This poem is written by Robert Browning, its name is My Last Duchess.
b) This poem is a dramatic monologue poem, written in 28 rhymed couplets of iambic pentameter.
c) The paraphrase of this poem:
d)The main themes are power, influence, marriage, aristocracy and egotism. It is possible to use blanket terms such as love and death when commenting on themes, yet love does not seem to play on the duke's mind heavily. At least he does not love women, however he does love the painting and gains joy from intimidating the messenger by commenting on how he had her killed. Death does occur prior to the poem, but can only be considered as an expression of the duke's control and not a comment on death itself.
大三_英国文学史(绝对标准中文版)
英国文学源远流长，经历了长期、复杂的发展演变过程。在这个过程中，文学本体以外的各种现实的、历史的、政治的、文化的力量对文学发生着影响，文学内部遵循自身规律，历经盎格鲁-撒克逊、文艺复兴、新古典主义、浪漫主义、现实主义、现代主义等不同历史阶段。下面对英国文学的发展过程作一概述。 一、中世纪文学（约5世纪-1485） 英国最初的文学同其他国家最初的文学一样，不是书面的，而是口头的。故事与传说口头流传，并在讲述中不断得到加工、扩展，最后才有写本。公元5世纪中叶，盎格鲁、撒克逊、朱特三个日耳曼部落开始从丹麦以及现在的荷兰一带地区迁入不列颠。盎格鲁-撒克逊时代给我们留下的古英语文学作品中，最重要的一部是《贝奥武甫》（Beowulf），它被认为是英国的民族史诗。《贝奥武甫》讲述主人公贝尔武甫斩妖除魔、与火龙搏斗的故事，具有神话传奇色彩。这部作品取材于日耳曼民间传说，随盎格鲁-撒克逊人入侵传入今天的英国，现在我们所看到的诗是8世纪初由英格兰诗人写定的，当时，不列颠正处于从中世纪异教社会向以基督教文化为主导的新型社会过渡的时期。因此，《贝奥武甫》也反映了7、8世纪不列颠的生活风貌，呈现出新旧生活方式的混合，兼有氏族时期的英雄主义和封建时期的理想，体现了非基督教日耳曼文化和基督教文化两种不同的传统。 公元1066年，居住在法国北部的诺曼底人在威廉公爵率领下越过英吉利海峡，征服英格兰。诺曼底人占领英格兰后，封建等级制度得以加强和完备，法国文化占据主导地位，法语成为宫廷和上层贵族社会的语言。这一时期风行一时的文学形式是浪漫传奇，流传最广的是关于亚瑟王和圆桌骑士的故事。《高文爵士和绿衣骑士》（Sir Gawain and the Green Knight，1375-1400）以亚瑟王和他的骑士为题材，歌颂勇敢、忠贞、美德，是中古英语传奇最精美的作品之一。传奇文学专门描写高贵的骑士所经历的冒险生活和浪漫爱情，是英国封建社会发展到成熟阶段一种社会理想的体现。 14世纪以后，英国资本主义工商业发展较快，市民阶级兴起，英语逐渐恢复了它的声誉，社会各阶层普遍使用英语，为优秀英语文学作品的产生提供了条件。杰弗利·乔叟（Geoffrey Chaucer， 1343-1400）的出现标志着以本土文学为主流的英国书面文学历史的开始。《坎特伯雷故事》（The Canterbury Tales）以一群香客从伦敦出发去坎特伯雷朝圣为线索，通过对香客的生动描绘和他们沿途讲述的故事，勾勒出一幅中世纪英国社会千姿百态生活风貌的图画。乔叟首创英雄诗行，即五步抑扬格双韵体，对英诗韵律作出了很大贡献，被誉为"英国诗歌之父".乔叟的文笔精练优美，流畅自然，他的创作实践将英语提升到一个较高的文学水平，推动了英语作为英国统一的民族语言的进程。 二、文艺复兴时期文学（15世纪后期-17世纪初） 相对于欧洲其他国家来说，英国的文艺复兴起始较晚，通常认为是在15世纪末。文艺复兴时期形成的思想体系被称为人文主义，它主张以人为本，反对中世纪以神为中心的世界观，提倡积极进取、享受现世欢乐的生活理想。托马斯·莫尔（Thomas More， 1478-1535）是英国最主要的早期人文主义者，他的《乌托邦》（Utopia）批评了当时的英国和欧洲社会，设计了一个社会平等、财产公有、人们和谐相处的理想国。Utopia现已成为空想主义的代名词，但乌托邦是作者对当时社会状况进行严肃思考的结果。《乌托邦》开创了英国哲理幻想小说传统的先河，这一传统从培根的《新大西岛》（The New Atlantis）、斯威夫特的《格列佛游记》（Gulliver's Travels）、勃特勒的《埃瑞璜》（Erewhon）一直延续到20世纪
英国文学史作品作者
Geoffrey Chaucer: the legend of good women 良妇传说the house of fame 名誉堂 the parliament of fowls 百鸟会Troilus and Cressie 特罗勒斯与克莱西 the Canterbury tales 坎特伯雷故事集 Thomas More Utopia Edmund Spenser the fairy queen William Shakespeare four great tragedies: Hamlet Othello king Lear Macbeth Four great comedies: the merchant of Venice a midsummer night’s dream twelfth night 第十二夜as you like it 皆大欢喜 Francis Bacon the advancement of learning 学术的进展the Novum Organum 求学之新器the De Augmentis 新工具essays 随笔Maxims of the Law 法律准则 Reading on the Stature of Uses 谈使用法则Of Studies 论读书 John Donne the flea 跳蚤 John Milton paradise lost 失乐园 John Bunyan the pilgrim’s progress 天路历程 John Dryden all for love an essay of dramatic poesy Daniel Defoe Robinson Crusoe 鲁宾逊漂流记 Jonathan swift a tale of a tub 木桶的故事the battle of books 书战 a modest proposal 一个小小的建议Gulliver’s travels 格列佛游记 William Blake poetical sketches 诗歌札记songs of innocence 天真之歌 Songs of experience 经验之歌prophecies 预言the lamb the chimney sweeper The marriage of heaven and hell 天堂与地狱的婚姻 Robert burns a red red rose auld Lang Syne 友谊地久天长 William Wordsworth lines composed a few miles above tinterm abbey 丁登寺 The prelude 序曲the excursion 漫游sonnets 十四行诗 I wandered lonely as a cloud composed upon Westminster bridge She dwelt among the untrodden ways 她在人迹罕至的路边 The solitary reaper 孤独的割麦女 Samuel Taylor Coleridge the rime of the ancient mariner 古舟子咏 Christabel 克里斯塔贝尔Kubla khan 忽必烈汗 George Gordon Byron childe Harold’s pilgrimage 恰尔德哈罗德游记Cain 该隐 Don Juan 唐璜she walks in beauty when a man hath no freedom to fight for at home Percy Bysshe Shelley queen Mab 麦布女王the Cenci 钦契Prometheus unbound 解放了的普罗米修斯ode to the west wind in defense of poetry 诗辩 John Keats on first looking into Champman’s homer 初读查普曼译荷马史诗 Endymion 恩底弥翁ode to a nightingale ode to a Grecian um 希腊古瓮颂 Lamia, Isabella, the eve of st. Agnes, and other poems 女妖、伊莎贝尔、圣爱尼节前夜及其他Jane Austen sense and sensibility 理智与情感pride and prejudice 傲慢与偏见persuasion 劝导Emma 艾玛Mansfield park 曼斯菲尔德庄园Northanger abbey 诺桑觉寺 Charles Dickens sketches by boz 博兹札记Pickwick papers 匹克威克外传Oliver twist 奥利弗退斯特Nicholas nickleby 尼古拉斯尼克贝old curiosity shop 老古玩店 Bamaby rudge 巴纳比拉奇American notes 旅美札记martin chuzzlewit 马丁朱兹尔维特A Christmas carol 圣诞颂歌the chimes 钟声the cricked 炉边的蟋蟀dombey and son 董贝父子David Copperfield 大卫科波菲尔bleak house 荒凉山庄hard times 艰难时世Little dorrit 小杜丽 a tale of two cities 双城记great expectations 远大前程
英国诗歌欣赏期末考试题(附答案)
I.Multiple Choice 1.To commerate the death of his young wife, __________wrote the poem Annabel Lee. a. D.H. Lawrence b. John Milton c. Philip Phreneau d. Edgar Allan Poe 2. In Leisure, ____________ thinks that it is a poor life if “we have no time to stand and stare” a. John Keats b. William Henry Davies c. Alexander Pope d. John Donne 3.. In Amy Lowell’s Falling Snow, the poet says that “When the temple bell rings again/ they will be covered and gone”. “They” here refers to ______ a. the wooden clogs b. footprints c. the pilgrims d. none of the above 4. The “busy archer”in Philip Sydney’s To the Moon refers to____ a. the poet himself b. Cupid c. a comrade-in-arms of the poet d. none of the above 5. “Act____act in the glorious present”is perphaps the most soul-stirring line in _________’s poem A Psalm of Life. a. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow b. Percy Bissy Shelly c. Walt Whitman d. Carl Sandburg 6. In Song of the Rain, _________ paints a rosy picture of happy family life where the poet is “Safe in the House with my boyhood love/ And our children are asleep in the attic above”. a. Kenneth Mackenzie b. Carl Sandburg c. Hugh MacCrae d. Jerard Manley Hopkins 7. “Day brought back my night”is a well-praised phrase from __________’s On His Deceased Wife. a. Edgar Allan Poe b. Robert Frost c. John Milton d. Philip Sydney 8. In James Shirley’s poem Death the Leveller, the word “leveller” means a. something that reduces everything to nothing b. something that brings equality to all c. something that levels the ground d. none of the abov e. 9. What does “Fire” in Robert Frost’s poem Fire and Ice symbolize? a. war b. anger c. love d. desire 10. In John Keat’s poem The Terror of Death, the phrase “unreflecting love” means a. love without calculation b. love without preparation c. love never thought of d. love involving many considerations II.Blank Filling 1.One word is too often ________, For me to ________ it One feeling is too ______distained, For ______ to distain it .
《英国文学选读》课程简介
《英国文学选读》课程基本信息 课程发展的历史沿革 南京大学英国文学教学和研究历史悠久，基础厚实。 早在80年代，范存忠先生出版了《英国文学史提纲》，陈嘉先生编写的英文版《英国文学史》和《英国文学选读》获国家教委全国高等学校优秀教材奖。 王守仁教授主编的《英美小说》1995年获全国高校外国文学教学研究会首届优秀教材 奖。 王守仁教授主编的《英国文学选读》由北京高等教育出版社于2001年出版，列入面向21世纪课程教材、普通高等教育九五国家级重点教材”并作为英语专业系列教材”之一， 获2002年全国普通高等学校优秀教材一等奖。该教材修订版已列入普通高等教育十五国家 级教材规划选题” 2001年王守仁教授主持的英国文学网络课程作为教育部新世纪网络课程建设工程”项 目正式立项，获经费12万元。 2003年4月，英国文学网络课程在北京通过专家组质量认证。 f ---------------- 探教学内容 英国文学课程精选英国文学史上重要作家的名篇，包括莎士比亚、培根、华兹华斯、狄 更斯、哈代、艾略特、乔伊斯、劳伦斯等经典作家的名著以及当代作家的作品，题材涵盖小说、诗歌、戏剧和散文，教学内容全面系统，较好地体现了专业课程的基础性、先进性和前沿性。英国文学课程确立以文学作品为中心，采用读写议相结合的教学方式，注重培养学生的分析能力、思辩能力和语言表达能力，体现了素质教育的特点。通过对本课程的学习，学 生可以在教师的指导下阅读英语文学作品原著，理解英国文学与文化，提高文学批评鉴赏能 力和英语水平。 €--------------- la 探教学条件 英国文学课程以王守仁教授主编的《英国文学选读》为基本教材，充分发挥网络技术的 优势，基于课堂与网络，实行开放式教学。南京大学具备运行机制良好的硬件环境，开发的英国文学网络课件已从2002年春季学期起投入使用。英国文学网络课件以Web页面的形式 呈现教学内容，通过ASP技术，动态生成学习单元，每单元包括作者简介、背景介绍、作品赏析、作品选读和注释以及作家的相关网址，同时还配有相关评论、图片和名言。课件具有
(完整)英国文学史知识点,推荐文档
一、The Anglo-Saxon period (449-1066) 1、这个时期的文学作品分类：pagan(异教徒) Christian(基督徒) 2、代表作：The Song of Beowulf 《贝奥武甫》( national epic 民族史诗) 采用了隐喻手法 3、Alliteration 押头韵（写作手法） 例子：of man was the mildest and most beloved, To his kin the kindest, keenest for praise. 二、The Anglo-Norman period (1066-1350) Canto 诗章 1、romance 传奇文学 2、代表作：Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (高文爵士和绿衣骑士) 是一首押头韵的长诗 三、Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) 杰弗里.乔叟时期 1、the father of English poetry 英国诗歌之父 2、heroic couplet 英雄双韵体：a verse unit consisting of two rhymed(押韵) lines in iambic pentameter(五步抑扬格) 3、代表作：the Canterbury Tales 坎特伯雷的故事(英国文学史的开端) 大致内容：the pilgrims are people from various parts of England, representatives of various walks of life and social groups. 朝圣者都是来自英国的各地的人,代表着社会的各个不同阶层和社会团体 小说特点：each of the narrators tells his tale in a peculiar manner, thus revealing his own views and character. 这些叙述者以自己特色的方式讲述自己的故事，无形中表明了各自的观点，展示了各自的性格。 小说观点：he believes in the right of man to earthly happiness. He is anxious to see man freed from superstitions(迷信) and a blind belief in fate(盲目地相信命运). 他希望人们能从迷信和对命运的盲从中解脱出来。 4、Popular Ballads 大众民谣：a story hold in 4-line stanzas with second and fourth line rhymed(笔记) Ballads are anonymous narrative songs that have been preserved by oral transmission(书上). 歌谣是匿名叙事歌曲,一直保存着口头传播的方式
(完整)最全面英国文学史知识点总结,推荐文档
英国文学史 I. Old English Literature & The Late Medieval Ages
英国文学选读一考试大题必备 重点题目分析(人物分析 诗歌分析 三大主义)
Hamlet is the first work of literature to look squarely at the stupidity, falsity and sham of everyday life, without laughing and without easy answers. In a world where things are not as they seem, Hamlet…s genuineness, thoughtfulness, and sincerity make him special. Hamlet is no saint. But unlike most of the other characters (and most people today), Hamlet chooses not to compromise with evil. Dying, Hamlet reaffirms the tragic dignity of a basically decent person in a bad world Hamlet is the first work of literature to show an ordinary person looking at the futility and wrongs in life, asking the toughest questions and coming up with honest semi-answers like most people do today. Unlike so much of popular culture today, "Hamlet" leaves us with the message that life is indeed worth living, even by imperfect people in an imperfect world. 犹豫scholars have debated for centuries about Hamlet's hesitation in killing his uncle. Some see it as a plot device to prolong the action, and others see it as the result of pressure exerted by the complex philosophical and ethical issues that surround cold-blooded murder, calculated revenge and thwarted desire. More recently, psychoanalytic critics have examined Hamlet's unconscious desires (Freud concludes that Hamlet has an "Oedipal desire for his mother and the subsequent guilt [is] preventing him from murdering the man [Claudius] who has done what he unconsciously wanted to do". Robinson Crusoe is a grand hero in westerners? eyes. He survived in the deserted island and lived a meaningful life. He almost has everything needed for becoming a successful man, such as his excellent creativity, great working capacity, courage, and persistence in overcoming obstacles. But he has shortcomings, too. Sometimes he was irresolute; he was not confident; he was fetishistic, although his belief had done him much good. He serves somehow as a lighthouse for the ambitious people. It?s also instructive for average people. Robinson was the representative of the bourgeois of the 18th C. It was the time when bourgeois grew stronger and stronger. The author Defoe paid a tribute to bourgeois by creating such a rational, powerful, clever, and successful man. 【Themes of Robinson Crusoe】 1. The ambivalence of mastery In short, while Crusoe seems praiseworthy in mastering his fate by overcoming his obstacles, and controlling his environment, the praiseworthiness of his mastery over his fellow human Friday is more doubtful. Defoe explores the link between the two in his depiction of the colonial mind. 2. The necessity of Repentance Crusoe?s experiences constitute not simply an adventure story in which thrilling things happen, but also a moral tale illustrating the right and wrong ways to live one?s life. Crusoe?s story instruct s others in God?s wisdom, and one vital part of this wisdom is the importance of repenting one?s sins. 3. The Importance of Self-Awareness Crusoe?s arrival on the island does not make him revert to a brute existence and he remains conscious of himself at all times. His island existence actually deepens his self-awareness as he withdraws from the external society and turns inward. The idea that the individual must keep a careful reckoning of the state of his own soul is a key point in the Presbyterian doctrine that the aothor took seriously all his life. ·Jane Eyre Charlotte Bronte The protagonist and title character, orphaned as a baby. She is a plain-featured, small and reserved but talented, sympathetic, hard-working, honest and passionate girl. Skilled at studying, drawing, and teaching, she works as a governess at Thornfield Hall and falls in love with her wealthy employer, Edward Rochester. But her strong sense of conscience does not permit her to become his mistress, and she does not return to him until his insane wife is dead and she herself has come into an inheritance. 【Themes of Jane Eyre】 1. Gender relations A particularly important theme in the novel is patriarchalism and Jane…s efforts to assert her own identity within male-dominated society. Among the three of the main male characters,
英国诗歌赏析1(本科)
Sonnet 18 William Shakespeare S hall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer’s lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And of ten is his gold complexion dimm’d; And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance, or n ature’s changing course untrimm’d; But thy eternal summer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st; N or shall Death brag thou wander’st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st: So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this and this gives life to thee Selected Metaphysical poems by John Donne I. THE FLEA Mark but this flea, and mark in this, How little that which thou deniest me is ; It suck'd me first, and now sucks thee, And in this flea our two bloods mingled be. Thou know'st that this cannot be said A sin, nor shame, nor loss of maidenhead; Yet this enjoys before it woo, And pamper'd swells with one blood made of two ; And this, alas ! is more than we would do. O stay, three lives in one flea spare, Where we almost, yea, more than married are. This flea is you and I, and this Our marriage bed, and marriage temple is. Though parents grudge, and you, we're met, And cloister'd in these living walls of jet. Though use make you apt to kill me, Let not to that self-murder added be, And sacrilege, three sins in killing three.
英美文学欣赏考题整理及答案
Part One：English Poetry 1.William Shakespeare Sonnet 18 ?Why does the poet compare `thee` to a summer?s day? And who could `thee` be? Because summer?s day and thee both represent beauty . thee could be beauty, love. ?What picture have you got of English summer, and could you explain why? Warm, beautiful, sunshine. Because summer is the best season of a year ,the most beautiful season. It is like our May. ?How does the poet answer the question he puts forth in the first line? Thee is more beautiful than summer. ?What makes the poet think that “thou” can be more fair than summer and immortal? Because humanism is more eternal than summer and immortal. ?What figures of speech are used in this poem? Simile, metaphor, personification, oxymoron and so on . ?What is the theme of the poem? Love conquers all, Beauty lives on. 2. Thomas Nashe Spring ?Read the poem carefully, pay attention to those image- bearing words, and see how many images the poet created in the poem and what sense impressions you can get from those images. There is “Blooms each thing, maids dance in a ring, the pretty birds do sing, the palm and may make country houses gay, Lambs frisk' and play, the shepherds pipe all day, And we hear aye birds tune this merry lay, The fields breathe sweet, the daisies kiss our feet, Young lovers meet, old wives a-sunning sit, In every street these tunes bur ears do greet!” The “Young lovers meet, old wives a-sunning sit，”impressions me most because of the harmony of the people?s relationship. ?Can you point out and explain the sound and their musical effect in the poem? In the Poem, each section has four lines, each line has ten syllables ( five tone step ) . In order to give the reader a spring breeze , streams , flowers , winding , Song Xin texture of sound and light flavor, Naixi greater uses English word S , z , f , V , R , L , and θconsonants means. In Naixi's poem, the use of phonological is also very harmonious, very smooth , very mellow. Section I of the poetry has Three pairs [ ing ] , section II of the poem has three pairs [ ei ] and the third quarter has three pairs [ i : ]. 3.John Donne A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning ?What is a “valediction” any way? Is the speaker in the poem about to die? Why does the speaker forbid mourning? No, it is about the lover s?separation. As the poem metaphors, the poet believed he and his wife?s love is sacred, he didn?t hope they cry when separation comes, let their love be stained by the ordinary and mundane.
英国文学史分时期总结作家作品
英语文学史分时期总结作家作品