交通工程专业毕业学生实习报告
交通工程专业毕业学生实习报告
交通工程专业毕业学生实习报告
xx年6月26日，我们班乘车到泰和实习，早上6点半出发，上
午11点到达，在泰和实习了3个小时，我认识到：泰和至井冈山高
速公路是江西省路网规划中的旅游高速公路，也是通往井冈山风景
区的便捷通道，全长62公里。同时建设厦坪至井冈山旅游城茨坪镇
连接线，长22公里。泰井高速公路工程按全线四车道高速公路标准
建设，计算行车速度80公里/小时，路基宽24。5米；连接线计算
行车速度40公里/小时，路基宽16米。全线共设桥梁42座，其中
主线特大桥1座，大、中桥23座，涵洞218道，隧道3座，累计总
长4008米，其中津洞隧道左线单洞长2015米，是江西省迄今为止
最长的公路隧道。目前，上万名建设者克服雨水多、工期短、环保
要求高、地形地质复杂等困难，科学安排施工，全面加快工程进度，力争在xx年5月建成通车。
实习中，负责那个路段的总工程师给我们详细介绍了路基的'压
实作用，方法，步骤及路面施工的具体措施，具体讲到：气候因素
影响着路基施工的质量，不同地区应根据本地气候特点选择合理的
施工季节。四季差别不明显，但夏季多雨，路基填土含水量难以控制，故不是理想的施工季节。其它时间降水较少，气温适度，便于
路基填土含水量及路基压实度的控制。在路基施工中，如果土质不良，即使松铺厚度适中，碾压合乎规范，仍然很难达到压实度标准。所以，一切路基填土都必须经过试验。在高速公路的施工中，路基
填土普遍采用粗粒土，这种土的级配良好，加之本身的性质，一般
只要机械碾压合理、松铺厚度适中，比较容易达到规范的要求。沥
青面层由三层组成，下面层和中面层均采用粗粒式沥青混凝土，厚
各为6cm。中、下面层中的粗集料一律采用石灰岩碎石，虽料源尚
可满足，但粒形不好，针片状含量较高。实践证明，用鳄式轧石机
不可能生产出粒形完全符合要求的集料。交通部公路二局镇江段油
面施工中采用锤式轧石机自行加工的集料，由于粒形好，其配比设
计较顺利，摊铺后的油面质量也高出一筹。
在这次实习中，我们将书本上的东西与实际相结合，又向经验丰富的总工程师请教了很多平时不明白的问题，获益不浅。希望以后
能经常进行这样是实习，这样我们才能学到更多的东西。同时也体
验了工地的辛苦，天气的酷热。
我们的实习虽然已经结束，我的心也在不停地跳跃着。。。。。。朋友们，来吧！建筑工地虽说杂乱无章，但正是这些杂乱无章合奏
了一支强悍有力的交响乐，唱响祖国大地。相信祖国的建筑事业明
天更美好。
交通工程毕业设计论文(设计)格式及要求模板(
毕业设计 [论文] 题目： 系别： 专业： 姓名： 学号： 指导教师： 河南城建学院 年月日
摘要 摘要是设计（论文）内容不加注释和评论的简短陈述，应以第三人称陈述。它应具有独立性和自含性，即不阅读设计（论文）的全文，就能获得必要的信息，摘要的内容应包含与设计（论文）同等量的主要信息，供读者确定有无必要阅读全文，也供文摘等二次文献采用。 摘要一般应说明研究工作目的、实验研究方法、结果和最终结论等，而重点是结果和结论。摘要中一般不用图、表、化学结构式、计算机程序，不用非公知公用的符号、术语和非法定的计量单位。 中文摘要一般不宜超过200~400字，英文摘要是中文摘要的英文译文，英文摘要页置于中文摘要页之后，其中英语摘要单词数量不少于500个。 关键词是为了文献索引工作从论文中选取出来用以表示全文主题内容信息款项的单词或术语。一般每篇论文应选取3~5个词作为关键词，关键词间用逗号分隔，最后一个词后不打标点符号。以显著的字符另起一行排在同种语言摘要的下方。如有可能，尽量用《汉语主题词表》等词表提供的规范词。 关键词：关键词1，关键词2，关键词3，关键词4，关键词5 注：中英文摘要的页码采用罗马字符编号，目录也采用罗马字符编号，正文页码采用阿拉伯数字编号，字体均采用Time New Roman 小五。
Abstract Abstract design (thesis) content without notes and comments in a brief statement, a statement should be the third person. It should have the independence and self-contained, ie not read (thesis) the text, you can obtain the necessary information, the contents of the summary should be included with the design (thesis) the same amount of key information for readers to determine the need to read The full text of abstracts and other secondary literature is also available for use. Key words: key word1, key word2, key word3, key word4, key word5
交通工程毕业设计计算书
某省道兴化至泰州段建设工程设计 摘要：本设计为某省道兴化至泰州段建设工程设计，包括方案、路线、路基路面、排水系统以及沿线主要配套设施的设计。本工程设计速度为80km/h，本次设计包括道路平面设计, 道路纵断面设计, 道路横断面设计,路基设计，沥青路面设计，路基路面排水设计，桥涵及附属构造物设计等。 本设计的路线，纵断面设计共设3个边坡点，最大坡度为0.818％，最小坡度为0.33％。竖曲线半径分别有25000m，15000m，20000m（自己改）。路基宽度为26m，行车道宽度为3.75m，土路肩0.75m，硬路肩3m，中央分隔带3.5m。路面结构中，面层采用沥青混凝土（13cm），其中表面层采用细粒式密级配沥青混土（厚度3cm），中面层采用中粒式密级配沥青混凝土（厚度4cm），下面层采用粗粒式密级配沥青混凝土（厚度6cm）；基层采用石灰土（厚度为45cm）；底基层采用碎石灰土（厚度为25cm）。本路段设计桥涵2座桥，结合桥头地质情况综合考虑灌溉、排涝及地方出行的要求进行桥跨布置。 关键词:工程设计纵断面横断面路基设计沥青路面设计桥涵及附属构造物设计
Abstract:The design, construction and engineering design, including the design of programs, routes, subgrade and pavement, drainage systems, as well as along the main supporting facilities of the province Road Xinghua, Taizhou segment. This engineering design speed of 80km / h, this design includes the road graphic design, road vertical alignment design, road cross-sectional design, the design of embankment, asphalt pavement design, subgrade and pavement drainage design, bridge and subsidiary structures design. This design, too, Profile Design, 3 slope, the maximum gradient of 0.818%, the minimum slope of 0.33%. V ertical curve radius of 25000m, 15000m, 20000m (change). Roadbed width of 26m, the carriageway width of 3.75m, 0.75m soil shoulder hard shoulder 3m, the central median of 3.5m. Pavement structure, the surface layer of asphalt concrete (13cm), the surface layer is fine-grained type dense-graded asphalt mix soil (thickness 3cm) in the surface layer in grain-type dense-graded asphalt concrete (thickness 4cm), the following layer of coarse grain type dense-graded asphalt concrete (thickness 6cm); primary calcareous soil (thickness 45cm); sub-base gravel dust (thickness 25cm). The design of the sections of bridges and culverts 2 bridge, combined with the the bridgehead geological conditions considering the travel requirements of irrigation, drainage and local bridge span arrangement. Keywords:engineering design longitudinal cross-sectional roadbed design asphalt pavement design bridges and culverts and ancillary structures design
汽车专业毕业设计外文翻译
On the vehicle sideslip angle estimation through neural networks: Numerical and experimental results. S. Melzi,E. Sabbioni Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 25 (2011)：14~28 电脑估计车辆侧滑角的数值和实验结果 S.梅尔兹,E.赛博毕宁 机械系统和信号处理2011年第25期：14~28
摘要 将稳定控制系统应用于差动制动内/外轮胎是现在对客车车辆的标准（电子稳定系统ESP、直接偏航力矩控制DYC）。这些系统假设将两个偏航率(通常是衡量板)和侧滑角作为控制变量。不幸的是后者的具体数值只有通过非常昂贵却不适合用于普通车辆的设备才可以实现直接被测量,因此只能估计其数值。几个州的观察家最终将适应参数的参考车辆模型作为开发的目的。然而侧滑角的估计还是一个悬而未决的问题。为了避免有关参考模型参数识别/适应的问题,本文提出了分层神经网络方法估算侧滑角。横向加速度、偏航角速率、速度和引导角,都可以作为普通传感器的输入值。人脑中的神经网络的设计和定义的策略构成训练集通过数值模拟与七分布式光纤传感器的车辆模型都已经获得了。在各种路面上神经网络性能和稳定已经通过处理实验数据获得和相应的车辆和提到几个处理演习(一步引导、电源、双车道变化等)得以证实。结果通常显示估计和测量的侧滑角之间有良好的一致性。 1 介绍 稳定控制系统可以防止车辆的旋转和漂移。实际上，在轮胎和道路之间的物理极限的附着力下驾驶汽车是一个极其困难的任务。通常大部分司机不能处理这种情况和失去控制的车辆。最近,为了提高车辆安全，稳定控制系统(ESP[1,2]; DYC[3,4])介绍了通过将差动制动/驱动扭矩应用到内/外轮胎来试图控制偏航力矩的方法。 横摆力矩控制系统（DYC）是基于偏航角速率反馈进行控制的。在这种情况下,控制系统使车辆处于由司机转向输入和车辆速度控制的期望的偏航率[3,4]。然而为了确保稳定，防止特别是在低摩擦路面上的车辆侧滑角变得太大是必要的[1,2]。事实上由于非线性回旋力和轮胎滑移角之间的关系，转向角的变化几乎不改变偏航力矩。因此两个偏航率和侧滑角的实现需要一个有效的稳定控制系统[1,2]。不幸的是,能直接测量的侧滑角只能用特殊设备(光学传感器或GPS惯性传感器的组合)，现在这种设备非常昂贵,不适合在普通汽车上实现。因此, 必须在实时测量的基础上进行侧滑角估计，具体是测量横向/纵向加速度、角速度、引导角度和车轮角速度来估计车辆速度。 在主要是基于状态观测器/卡尔曼滤波器(5、6)的文学资料里, 提出了几个侧滑角估计策略。因为国家观察员都基于一个参考车辆模型,他们只有准确已知模型参数的情况下，才可以提供一个令人满意的估计。根据这种观点,轮胎特性尤其关键取决于附着条件、温度、磨损等特点。 轮胎转弯刚度的提出就是为了克服这些困难,适应观察员能够提供一个同步估计的侧滑角和附着条件[7,8]。这种方法的弊端是一个更复杂的布局的估计量导致需要很高的计算工作量。 另一种方法可由代表神经网络由于其承受能力模型非线性系统，这样不需要一个参
工程管理专业毕业设计外文翻译(外文+翻译)
Study on Project Cost Control of Construction Enterprises By: R. Max Wideman Abstract With the increasing maturity of construction market, the competition between construction enterprises is becoming fierce. The project profit is gradually decreasing. It demands that all construction enterprises enhance their cost control, lower costs, improve management efficiency and gain maximal profits. This paper analyses the existing problems on project cost control of Chinese construction enterprises, and proposes some suggestions to improve project cost control system. Key Words ：Construction enterprises, Project management, Cost control After joining the WTO, with Chinese construction market becoming integrated, the competition among architectural enterprises is turning more intense. Construction enterprises must continually enhance the overall competitiveness if they want to develop further at home and abroad construction market. Construction Enterprises basically adopt the "project management-centered" model, therefore, it is particularly important to strengthen project cost control. 1.The Current Domestic Project Cost Classification and Control Methods Cost refers to the consumption from producing and selling of certain products, with the performance of various monetary standing for materialized labor and labor-consuming. Direct and indirect costs constitute the total cost, also known as production cost or manufacturing cost. Enterprise product cost is the comprehensive indicator to measure enterprise quality of all aspects. It is not only the fund compensation scale, but also the basis to examine the implementation of cost plan. Besides, it can provide reference for product pricing According to the above-mentioned definition and current domestic cost classification, construction project cost can be divided into direct costs and indirect costs. Direct costs include material cost, personnel cost, construction machinery cost, material transportation cost, temporarily facility cost, engineering cost and other direct cost. Indirect costs mainly result from project management and company's cost-sharing, covering project operating costs (covering the commission of foreign projects), project's management costs (including exchange losses of
交通工程专业本科培养方案
交通工程专业本科培养方案 一、专业名称和专业代码： 交通工程Traffic Engineering，081202 二、学科门类：工学 三、授予学位类别：工学学士 四、学制：四年 五、专业特色 本专业坚持以服务首都城市道路交通建设，培养在城市道路交通建设和管理方向的交通工程应用型高级专门技术人才为目标。本专业以道路交通土建工程专业方向为依托，以交通工程专业为主体，特别注重交通工程应用型人才的培养，重视实践能力的训练。通过四年的培养，使学生具有良好的道德素质和文化素养，稳固的基础理论与专业技能，具备较强的动手能力和一定的创新能力，拥有专业基础厚、素质高、能力强、后劲足的特点，能够胜任交通工程、道路工程相关的规划、设计、施工、管理等工作。 六、培养目标 本专业培养适应社会主义现代化建设需要、德智体美全面发展、掌握交通分析、交通规划、道路设计、交通设计、交通管理与控制等基本知识，获得交通工程师基本训练的应用型高级专门技术人才。毕业生具备从事交通规划、道路与交通工程设计、交通组织与管理、建设项目开发与投资分析、道路交通工程施工、项目管理等方面的能力。毕业生可在交通运输管理部门、交通规划与设计部门、公安交通管理部门、公共交通部门、城市规划与建设部门、智能运输和交通控制企业从事交通工程方面的设计、施工、研究、开发、管理等工作。 七、基本要求 1．热爱社会主义祖国，拥护中国共产党领导，具有为国家富强、民族昌盛、人民幸福而奋斗的理想、事业心和责任感。 2．初步树立科学世界观和为人民服务的人生观，懂得马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论及“三个代表”重要思想的基本原理，了解我国基本国情，能够理论联系实际，实事求是。
汽车制动系统-毕业设计外文资料翻译
Automobile Brake System The braking system is the most important system in cars. If the brakes fail, the result can be disastrous. Brakes are actually energy conversion devices, which convert the kinetic energy (momentum) of the vehicle into thermal energy (heat).When stepping on the brakes, the driver commands a stopping force ten times as powerful as the force that puts the car in motion. The braking system can exert thousands of pounds of pressure on each of the four brakes. Two complete independent braking systems are used on the car. They are the service brake and the parking brake. The service brake acts to slow, stop, or hold the vehicle during normal driving. They are foot-operated by the driver depressing and releasing the brake pedal. The primary purpose of the parking brake is to hold the vehicle stationary while it is unattended. The parking brake is mechanically operated by when a separate parking brake foot pedal or hand lever is set. The brake system is composed of the following basic c omponents: the “master cylinder” which is located under the hood, and is directly connected to the brake pedal, converts driver foot’s mechanical pressure into hydraulic pressure. Steel “brake lines” and flexible “brake hoses” connect the master cylinder to the cylinders” located at each wheel. Brake fluid, specially designed to work in extreme conditions, fills the system. “Shoes” and “pads” are pushed by cylinders to contact the “drums” and “rotors” thus causing drag, which (hopefully) slows the car. The typical brake system consists of disk brakes in front and either disk or drum brakes in the rear connected by a system of tubes and hoses that link the brake at each wheel to the master cylinder (Figure).
交通工程毕业论文
交通工程毕业论文 Revised by Chen Zhen in 2021
继续教育学院 毕业论文 题目：江西吉安地区某二级公路的设计 学生姓名：袁隆寒 考籍号： 班级：海南自考 专业：交通土建 指导老师： 2014年6月
（江西吉安地区某二级公路的设计）学生姓名：袁隆寒 考籍号： 站点：指导教师： 完成日期：
摘要 本设计主要完成了江西吉安地区某二级公路的设计。根据给定的材料，以及结合当地的自然和经济情况，进行了纸上选线等设计。该设计主要以路线为主，并兼顾了其他方面。路线部分首先根据设计交通量确定了公路的等级，公路等级确定主要技术标准并进行路线平面设计，对路线进行了局部比选；考虑填挖平衡及最小填土高度进行了纵断面设计；对局部进行了横断面设计，绘出路基横断面图，对路基进行加宽和超高计算，编制路基设计表，进行土石方计算及调配；为保证路基处于干燥的稳定状态，对路基路面进行了排水设施设计；对涵洞尺寸标高进行了初步拟定，并对路基工程进行了局部土石方分项预算。 关键词：路线路面路基防护分项预算
Abstract The main Summary of this design had completed a two highway design in a certain area of Ji'an in Jiangxi. The main task of the design is primarily of routes, and to take into account the other aspects. The line design is determined according to the Highway grading standards to have the main technical and graphic design for the road on the route having comparing with the local. Considering filling dug balance and minimum height of filling, the profile design is drawn. Make a design for the cross-sectional, then draw cross-sectional map. After have calculation of roadbed for widening and elevation, drafting the questionnaire design, earthwork calculations and deployment; To ensure road embankment in the stability of dry, it make road drainage facilities design; Elevation culvert size of the initial formulation, and have embankment works at the project budget. Keywords： Route；Pavement；Subgrade；Protection；Budget breakdown
重庆交通大学毕业设计中英文翻译
Legal Environment for Warranty Contracting Introduction In the United State, state highway agencies are under increasing pressure to provide lasting and functional transporting infrastructures rapidly and at an optimum life-cycle cost. To meet the challenge, state highway agencies are expected to pursue innovative practices when programming and executing projects. One area of the innovative practices is the implementation of long-term, performance-based warranties to shift maintenance liabilities to the highway industry. Use of warranties by state highway agencies began in the early-1990s after the Federal Highway Administration’s (FHWA) decision to allow warranty provisions to be included in construction contracts for items over which the contractor had complete control (Bayraktar et al. 2004). Special Experiment Project Number 14(SEP-14) was created to study the effects of this and other new techniques. Over the past decade, some states have incorporated this innovative technique into their existing programs. Projects have ranged from New Mexico’s 20-year warranty for the reconstruction of US550 to smaller scale projects, such as bridge painting and preventative maintenance jobs. These projects have met with varying degrees of success, causing some states to broaden the use of warranties, whereas others have abandoned them completely. Several states have sacrificed time and money to fine tune the use of warranties. However, on a national level, there is still a need for research and the exchange of ideas and best practices. One area that needs further consideration is the legal environment surrounding the use of warranties. Preliminary use in some states has required changes to state laws and agency regulations, as well as the litigation of new issues. This paper will discuss the laws and regulations needed to successfully incorporate warranties into current contracting practices and avoid litigation. The state of Alabama is used as an example of a state considering the use of long-term, performance-based warranties and proposals for laws and regulations will be outlined. This paper persents a flowchart to help an agency determine if a favorable legal environment exists for the use of warranties. Warranty Contracting in Highway Construction A warranty in highway construction, like the warranty for a manufactured product, is a guarantee that holds the contractor accountable for the repair and replacement of deficiencies under his or her control for a given period of time. Warranty provisions were prohibited in federal-aid infrastrure projects until the passage of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act in 1991 because warranty provisions could indirectly result in federal aid participation in maintenance costs, which at that time were a federal aid nonparticipating item(FHWA 2004). Under the warranty interim final rule that was published on April 19, 1996, the FHWA allwoed warranty provisions to be applied only to items considered to be within the control of contractors. Ordinary wear and tear, damage caused by others, and routine maintenance remained the responsibility of the state highway agencies(Anderson and Russel 2001). Eleven states participated in the warranty experiment under Special Experiment Project Number 14 referred to as SEP-14, which was created by the FHWA to study the effects of innovative contracting techniques. Warranty contracting was one of the four innovative techniques that FHWA investigated under SEP-14 and the follo-on SEP-15 program. In accordance with the National Cooperative Highway Research Program Synthesis 195(Hancher 1994), a warranty is defined as a guarantee of the integrity of a product and the maker’s responsibility for the repair or replacement of the deficiencies. A warranty is used to
交通工程专业道路毕业设计
淮连一级公路L1标段 第一章 公路路线设计 1.1 公路几何指标的计算、确定与复核 1.1.1 交通量计算 已知资料（交通量年增长率为8%）见表1-1。 原始交通量 表1-1 小客车 解放 CA10B 黄河 JN 150 交通 SH 361 太脱 138 吉尔 130 尼桑 CK 10G J2 1980 360 300 180 192 380 300 根据《公路工程技术标准》（JTG B01-2003），各汽车换算系数见表1-2。 各汽车代表车型与换算系数 表1-2 设计车辆 载重（t ） 折算系数 折算后交通量 说明 小客车 1.0 1980 ≦19座的客车和载重量≦2t 的折算系 数 1.0 〉19座的客车和载重量〉2t 的折算系 数 1.5 载重量在7~14t 的货车的折算系数 2.0 载重量在〉14t 的货车的折算系数 3.0 解放CA10B 4 1.5 540 黄河JN 150 8.26 2.0 600 交通SH 361 15 3.0 540 太脱拉138 12 2.0 384 吉尔 130 4 1.5 570 尼桑CK10G 6.665 1.5 450 初始年交通量： N0=1980+540+600+540+384+570+450=5064（辆） 远景设计年平均日交通量 21855 )08.01(5064)1(12010=+?=+=--n d N N γ(辆) 式中：n--远景设计年限，一级公路为20年。 由远景设计年平均日交通量21855辆/日，根据《标准》1.0.3规定，拟定该公路为一级公路四车道，设计车速100公里/小时。 1.1.2相关技术指标 1） 车道宽度 当设计车速为100公里/小时时，单车道宽度为3.75米。 2） 一级公路整体式断面必须设置中央带。中央带由两条左侧路缘带和中央分隔带组成，可采用《标准》一般值设计，取3.50米。 3） 路肩宽度 根据《标准》，左侧硬路肩宽度采用3.00米，土路肩宽度采用0.75米，一级公路应在右侧硬路肩宽度内设右侧路缘带，采用0.50米。 4） 一级公路的连续上坡路段，当通行能力运行安全受到影响时应设置爬坡车道，其宽度为3.50米，连续长坡下坡路段，危及运行安全处应设置避险车道。对于本设计都
汽车制动系统(机械、车辆工程毕业论文英文文献及翻译)
Automobile Brake System汽车制动系统 The braking system is the most important system in cars. If the brakes fail, the result can be disastrous. Brakes are actually energy conversion devices, which convert the kinetic energy (momentum) of the vehicle into thermal energy (heat).When stepping on the brakes, the driver commands a stopping force ten times as powerful as the force that puts the car in motion. The braking system can exert thousands of pounds of pressure on each of the four brakes. Two complete independent braking systems are used on the car. They are the service brake and the parking brake. The service brake acts to slow, stop, or hold the vehicle during normal driving. They are foot-operated by the driver depressing and releasing the brake pedal. The primary purpose of the brake is to hold the vehicle stationary while it is unattended. The parking brake is mechanically operated by when a separate parking brake foot pedal or hand lever is set. The brake system is composed of the following basic components: the “master cylinder” which is located under the hood, and is directly connected to the brake pedal, converts driver foot’s mechanical pressure into hydraulic pressure. Steel “brake lines” and flexible “brake hoses” connect the master cylinder to the “slave cylinders” located at each wheel. Brake fluid, specially designed to work in extreme conditions, fills the system. “Shoes” and “pads” are pushed by the slave cylinders to contact the “drums” and “rotors” thus causing drag, which (hopefully) slows the c ar. The typical brake system consists of disk brakes in front and either disk or drum brakes in the rear connected by a system of tubes and hoses that link the brake at each wheel to the master cylinder (Figure). Basically, all car brakes are friction brakes. When the driver applies the brake, the control device forces brake shoes, or pads, against the rotating brake drum or disks at wheel. Friction between the shoes or pads and the drums or disks then slows or stops the wheel so that the car is braked.
铁路交通运输专业毕业论文
题目：铁路货运发展物流问题浅析 院系：西南交通大学网络教育学院 专业：交通运输 姓名：xxx 指导教师：xxx 西南交通大 学网络教育学院 目录 摘要.............................................................. 第1章绪论........................................................ 第2章铁路货运发展物流的可行性及其发展契机........................... 2.1铁路货运向现代物流拓展需求分析.................................... .................................................................... .................................................................... 2.2铁路货运企业开展物流的优势及劣势分析.............................. ....................................................................
.................................................................... 2.3铁路发展现代物流的契机............................................ 第3章铁路货运发展物流的方法 ........................................ 3.1要建立与物流业相适应的运输组织体系................................ 3.2要建立网络化的物流组织............................................ 3.3要加强物流业的现代化建设 ......................................... 第4章铁路货运向物流业拓展的思路及对策 ............................... 4.1立足资源，拓展服务，积极转型 ..................................... 4.2整合资源，开展综合服务，向第三方物流发展......................... 第5章铁路物流企业的建设 ............................................ 5.1发挥铁路自身优势.................................................. 5.2建立铁路物流企业.................................................. 5.3将铁路货代企业发展成第三方物流企业................................ 5.4铁路物流企业的虚拟化建设.......................................... 结束语.............................................................. 致谢..............................................................