2020届二轮复习 书面表达高分必备：2.3 高考概要写作高分技巧 学案

2020届二轮复习书面表达高分必备：

2.3 高考概要写作高分技巧学案

3. 高考概要写作高分技巧

(2019·浙江高考) 阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Raising Happy and Confident Kids, says, “We’ve gone to the opposite extremes a few decades ago when parents tended to be more strict”. By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think they’re building their children’s confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite. Too much praise can backfire and, when given in a way that’s insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to stay on top where their parents’ praise has put them.

Still, don’t go too far in the other direction. Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much. Kids will feel like they’re not good enough or that you don’t care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.

So what is the right amount of praise? Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity. If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your

child does something that deserves a verbal reward. “We should especially recognize our children’s efforts to push themselves and w ork hard to achieve a goal”, says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really Matters. “One thing to remember is that it’s the process not the end product that matters. ”

Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if he’s out there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses. Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean recognizing your child when she has worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a book report. But whatever it is, praise should be given on a case-by-case basis and be proportionate( 相称的)to the amount of effort our child has put into it.

练考场审题

Step 1:精准审题谋篇布局

文体议论文

时态一般现在时

原文分析第一段:指出父母过多表扬孩子的弊端

第二段:指出表扬得太少也不好

第三、四段:给出建议, 要根据孩子实际付出的努力而非最终的结果来表扬孩子

Step 2:头脑风暴字字珠玉

(1)美词:extreme, enthusiasm, insufficient praise, an appropriate amount of, based on, rather than

(2)佳句

①Experts warn about two extremes when it comes to parents’ praise for their children.

②Therefore, the given advice is that an appropriate amount of praise should be given based on process rather than the result.

Step 3:斟酌词句妙笔生花

要点1:专家警告家长们不要太多或太少表扬孩子。

一般表达:

Experts warn parents not to praise their children too much or too little.

句式升级(时间状语从句)

专家警告说, 父母对孩子的表扬存有两个极端。

Experts warn about two extremes when it comes to parents’ praise for their children.

要点2:因此, 家长们应该基于过程而不是结果表扬孩子。

一般表达:

Therefore, parents should praise children based on the process rather than the result.

句式升级(表语从句, 被动语态)

因此, 给出的建议是, 适当的表扬应该基于过程而不是结果。

Therefore, the given advice is that an appropriate amount of praise should be given based on process rather than the result Step 4:衔接过渡斐然成篇

Experts warn about two extremes when it comes to parents’ pra ise for their children. On the one hand, too much praise might lead to children’s lack of enthusiasm to explore new things, for they’re afraid they won’t meet parents’ expectations. On the other hand, insufficient praise might let children consider efforts pointless. Therefore, parents should praise children based on the process rather than the result.

1

读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

If you’ve heard people say they are having “high tea” in some exclusive, smart hotel lobby, you can smile to yourself, knowing that “high tea” is seldom served to tourists with fancy lodging.

“High tea” doesn’t refer to the “fancy” fixings, the elegant silver, the pure-white table linens, or the luxury surroundings of a high-class salon. It is actually the main meal of the day, served between 6:00 and 7:00 p. m. The “high” in the phrase comes from the time of the day, meaning “late” or “high” in the afternoon.

For a long time, the lower and middle classes could afford only one meal per day. In order to make it through to the next day, the main meal would be taken after work and would consist of anything from the remnants of lunch to the very basic food staples of the time:a slice of bread, a hunk of cheese, a piece of sausage, all of which were eaten while drinking their evening tea. However, as the country advanced, the common people got wealthier, and evening meals began to be supplemented with heavier foods like roast beef, fish, eggs, vegetables, and potatoes.

Sometimes referred to as a “meat tea” , or a “ham tea”, the term “high tea” has been replaced with the modern equivalent of dinner.

In contrast, “low tea”, or “afternoon tea” is served earlier in the afternoon, usually between 4:00 and 5:00. Originally started by Anna, the Duchess of Bedford, the tradition began when Anna needed a little sustenance to tide her over.

Tidbits were served with tea, and Anna invited friends to share conversation over these small snacks before the affair of the evening meal.

In reality, people who have beautiful “teas” with fancy pastries and cakes nowadays, are partaking of the “low tea” or “light tea” that began so many years ago in Anna’s time.

While the refreshments are pretty, they are “light” and the emphasis of the “afternoon tea” is on the presentation of the tea, and the conversation of the guests.

【参考范文】

As the filling between two days by the poor historically, high tea is now the main meal, served between 6:00 and 7:00 p. m. (要点1) In contrast, afternoon tea was once served by Anna, the Duchess of Bedford, before the big meal to her guests with snacks. (要点2 ) Gradually, with t he improvement of people’s living standards, dinner grew out of high tea, and people are focusing on conversation over afternoon tea. (要点3)

2

阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

The U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service( FWS) has issued a major update to the nation’s policy on elephant ivory. The measure bans almost all ivory sales and trade in the U. S. It was already illegal to import elephant ivory from other countries. The new restrictions cover ivory that has already been imported.

Officials hope the move will help stop poaching of elephants. African elephants are a threatened species, in large part because of illegal hunting. Conservation groups estimate that between 30, 000 and

50, 000 wild elephants have been killed by poachers each year since 2008.

The main reason why poachers target elephants is for their ivory, which is very valuable. The U. S. is the second-largest market for ivory, behind China. Anti-poaching groups say the new ban makes an important statement.

The new ivory ban includes very few exceptions. Some antiques and objects that contain a relatively small amount of ivory, can still be bought and sold. The new restrictions replace a complex set of rules that made it both difficult to know what ivory was legal to sell and easy to cheat the system. For example, it was legal to trade ivory objects that had been made before elephants became endangered. Unfortunately, some ivory dealers got around this rule by deliberately making new items appear older. These and other strategies meant it was relatively easy to sell illegal ivory in the U. S.

The FWS’s new restrictions close such loopholes. Conservationists agree that one of the most important ways to protect elephant populations is to give poachers fewer ways of making money from their kills. The less demand for ivory there is, the less appealing it will be to poach elephants.

Some people are worried that the new ban will turn people who currently own antique items containing ivory, like musical instruments

and trinkets, into lawbreakers. Conservationists applaud the restrictions, however. The U. S. is also hoping other nations will follow in its footsteps with more restrictive ivory rules. As it becomes more challenging to sell ivory products, the hope is that poaching will slow and elephant populations will grow.

【参考范文】

Ivory products benefit dealers so much that poachers spare no effort to kill elephants without mercy, leaving them dying out. (要点1) To protect the endangered species, FWS bans any ivory sales and trade, including those imported long ago. (要点2)Though there are concerns from some, conservationists stand by the ban strongly. (要点3) Also, America is expecting other nations to follow suit to make the elephants multiply quickly. (要点4)

阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Hunger is a result of poverty, but it also causes poverty. In many countries women, although they do much of the fanning, lack access to training, credit or land. Conflict, poor or corrupt management of natural resources, displacement of small farmers by natural disasters, and financial and economic crises that eliminate jobs at the lowest levels, all contribute to creating conditions that push the poorest into hunger.

To break this vicious cycle, the United States launched, in 2010, Feed the Future Initiative, which aims to reduce global hunger,

poverty, and undernutrition by focusing on smallholders, increasing investments in agriculture and supporting country-owned plans for improving food security and nutrition while generating opportunities for economic growth and trade.

Back then, the U. S. government selected 19 countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America to participate in the initiative, based on 5 criteria. Since 2010, Feed the Future has helped 9 million people living in the participating countries, pull themselves out of poverty.

The passage of the U. S. Global Food Security Act of 2016 endorsed Feed the Future’s approach and ushered in a new era of the U. S. government global food security investment. A new, corresponding global food security strategy developed by the U. S. government is guiding Feed the Future’s work as the initiative into its second phase.

On August 31st, USAID Administrator Mark Green announced that Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guatemala, Honduras, Kenya, Mali, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, and Uganda were selected to participate in this new phase of Feed the Future.

“With the selection of these 12 countries, the second phase of Feed the Future will be focusing its efforts on promoting long-term, sustainable development that brings partners together to help people

harness the power of smart agriculture to jump-start their local economies and lift themselves out of poverty, ”said Administrator Green.

“By e quipping people with the tools to feed themselves over the long term. Feed the Future is addressing the root causes of hunger and poverty. This long-term investment builds communities that are more resilient to drought, famine and other natural disasters, and less dependent on emergency food assistance. ”

【参考范文】

To break the hunger-poverty vicious cycle, America carried out Feed the Future Initiative in 2010 — investing to guarantee food in its selected 19 countries. (要点1) And now comes the next phase of

long-term, sustainable development to solve the root causes of hunger and poverty, (要点2) The long-term investment helps the countries defend against disasters coming their way. (要点3)