高中英语高考语法过去分词讲与练

高中英语高考语法过去分词讲与练

过去分词只有一种形式，即-ed形式或特殊形式。过去分词通常表示被动，完成。

pollute polluted

write written

show showed/shown

过去分词的否定：not done

★A.定语: 过去分词作定语只有一个词时，通常放在被修饰的名词前面(但也有例外)，是一个短语作定语时，就放在被修饰的名词之后。过去分词作定语时，被修饰的名词与过去

分词之间是被动关系。

1)We can’t live on borrowed money.

2)The forgotten men and women of our country will be forgotten no longer.

3)You mustn’t drink the polluted water.

4)You mustn’t drink the water polluted by the chemicals from the factory.

5)The computer centre, opened last year, is very popular among the students in this school．

6)Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time spent with his students.

7) ---- Can those seated/sitting at the back of the classroom hear me?

---- No problem.

8)Experts think that the recently discovered painting may be a Picasso.

●以下过去分词作定语，虽然是一个词，但习惯上放在被修饰的名词之后：

1)A great number of students questioned said they were forced to practice the piano.

2)Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions taken?

3)All the efforts made will pay off, at last.

4)After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope provided.

5)These men undergo a long period of testing and training. One of the things tested is their behavior

under stress.

6)The head of the museum reported paid 200 million dollars for the painting.

7)As the researchers expected, 30% of the drivers surveyed said that they fell asleep while driving.

8)Forty-two percent of people asked admitted that they turned to the back of the book to read the

end before finishing the story

9)The money collected should be made good use of to help the people who suffered a lot in the

earthquake. (collected也可放在money的前面)

a carefully(badly)written article (report/composition)

a widely(narrowly) used language (tool/book)

a newly discovered island (village/tomb/forest)

a newly invented/made machine (helicopter/fan)

a well(badly) built bridge (dam/house/railway)

a highly developed country (state/province/city)

●以下过去分词作定语只表示完成，不表示被动:

a fallen tree/leaf: 倒下的树/落叶the risen sun/moon: 升起了的太阳/月亮a faded rose: 凋谢的玫瑰花 a retired worker: 退休工人

an escaped prisoner: 逃犯 a returned student: 归国留学生★B. 表语: 过去分词可放在系动词be, become, get, look, seem, appear, sound等后作表语，表示主语自身的感受。

1)Everybody is really excited about the new Olympic stadium.

2)He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people.

3)The painter looked tired after working for a whole day.

4) My mother appeared pleased with the lanterns she had made.

●以下动词除scare, delight, trouble,stress (使焦虑不安;使疲惫不堪)外均可加ed或

ing构成一个形容词。-ed形容词常表示主语或被修饰的人/动物自身的感受; ing形容

词常表示主语或被修饰的名词使/令人有某种感受。

surprise, astonish, amaze, shock, frighten, terrify, alarm(使害怕/惊恐), touch, move, annoy(使生气/恼怒), bore(使厌烦), disturb(使焦虑/烦恼/不安/惊讶), please, amuse, fulfill(使高兴/满意), encourage, inspire, tire, exhaust, interest, satisfy, excite, relax, disgust(使反感), worry, frustrate(使沮丧), disappoint, embarrass, confuse, puzzle, thrill, depress, convince…

boring : 令人生厌的; 令人厌倦的; 没趣的; 乏味的; 无聊的

annoying: 使人烦恼的/心烦的/生气的; 使人气恼的/恼火的/讨厌的

【scare --- scary】【delight ---delightful】

【trouble ---troublesome】【stress -- stressful】

【upset ---upsetting】

●以上动词构成的-ed形式还可用来修饰以下名词: face, look, laugh, smile, eye, voice，

manner, heart, expression, tone, cry, feeling, conversation, pace等。

1)Her excited laugh shows that she has been hired by the company.

2) Can you see your mother’s frightened eyes?

3) He told me the news in a very surprised voice.

★C. 状语: 过去分词作状语时，句子主语与它之间的关系是被动关系。它主要可以用作：

●①. 原因状语:

1)Bitten twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we killed our dog.

2) Ordered over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.

3)Offered an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.

4)Reminded not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.

5)Not given enough time, he couldn’t finish the job as planned.

【以上过去分词可以改为having been done结构。】

●②. 时间状语:

1)Seen from space, the earth looks like a blue ball.

2)Translated into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.

●③. 条件状语:

1)Given the right kind of training, these young players may one day grow into international stars.

2)Taken in time, the medicine will have no side effect.

3)Compared with his brother, he should make greater efforts to study English.

4)Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow faster.

●④. 伴随状语:

1)The president came to the square, followed by about forty guards.

2)Followed by some officers, Napoleon inspected his army.

●⑤. 在although, though, even if, even though, whether等后构成让步状语:

1)Although beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.

2) We will stay here even if starved to death.

3)Whether given money (or not), she will do the work well.

●以下过去分词短语也是让步状语：

1)Tired after the long journey, I still enjoyed meeting the aliens on the space station.

2)Injured in the accident, she can walk as fast as you.

3)Given only six months to live, Freddie simply refused to die.

●⑥. 过去分词可用在when, while, once, until, unless, as if, if, than, as等后面，

作各式状语: 1)Generally speaking, when taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.

2)The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if carried out regularly, can improve our

health.

3)The research is so designed that once begun nothing can be done to change it.

4)All the dishes in this menu, unless otherwise stated, will serve two to three people.

5)She is more beautiful than supposed/thought.

6) -----Who should be responsible for the accident?

-----The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order as told.

◆after, before后不能接过去分词表示被动，它们的后面通常接动名词的被动形式来表示被动意义:

1)After being operated on, your father will be taken to Room 819.

2)Before being used, the computer should be tested.

★D. 宾语补足语: 在动词have, get, find ,make, leave, want, see, watch, notice, observe, feel, hear等的后面先接宾语，然后接过去分词，该过去分词

即为宾语补足语, 宾语与过去分词之间是被动关系:

1)When I came in, I found Lucy seated by the window listening to music.

2)We saw the Korean play performed on TV last night.

3)Laws that punish parents for their little c hildren’s actions against the laws get parents

worried.

4)Only by shouting at the top of your voice, can you make yourself heard by the people beyond

the tall building.

5)Mr Brown wants his paintings displayed in the new gallery.

6)Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself reminded of his own

dreams.

★E. 有些过去分词作状语时不表被动而表主动, 这样用的过去分词及短语常见的有: (be) lost (迷路) (be) seated (坐)

(be)hidden (躲藏) (be)stationed (驻扎)

(be) lost/absorbed in (沉溺于) (be) lost in thought(沉思)

(be)dressed in (穿着) (be)tired of (讨厌)

(be) set in(以…为背景) (be) faced with(面对)

(be) informed of(了解; 知晓) (be) convinced of(相信)

(be) located/situated in(位于,坐落) (be) born… (出身)

1)Born into a family with three brothers, David was brought up to value the sense of sharing.

2)Lost in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.

3)Lost in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him．(be lost in thought:沉思)

4)Dressed in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.

5)Located/Situated in a mountain, the village isn’t polluted.

6)Located for Broadway theatres and Fifth Avenue, the New York Park Hotel is a favorite with

many guests.

7)Faced with so many problems, she jumped down from the 38th floor.

8)Convinced of his guilt, she sent him to the police station.

9)Informed of the truth, all the villagers went back home.

●附: 独立主格结构名词/代词主格+ doing/having (been)done/done/不定式/形/副…

1)Nobody knowing where he was, we went back home.

2)Weather permitting, they will go climbing.

3)There are various kinds of metals, each having its own properties(特性)．

4)He/Peter having carried water, we went to the cinema together.

5)All flights (having been) canceled, we decided to take a train to Paris, France．

6)The work well finished, the girl was given a prize.

7)The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons finished for the day.

8)There being no bus, we had to go there on foot.

9)There having been no rain for six months, the crops in the fields died.

10)They being our friends, we should help them.

11)The rain (being) over, they continued the football match.

12)The mayor being unable to come, we had better put off the meeting till next Friday.

13)Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work not being finished,

we didn’t accept the offer.

14)We divide the work, Jack to sweep the floor and I to clean the desks.

●附：现在分词、过去分词、不定式等在句首作状语时，其后句子的主语即为它的逻辑主语：

1)Working in the lonely countryside, we learned a lot from the farmers. 2)Having been beaten by her father, she left home without telling anybody.

3)Moved by my words, the man donated all his money .

4)To complete the project as planned, we’ll have to work three more hours a day.

1)Walking along the path, it began to rain cats and dogs. (错)

2)Having finished the work, the film was shown at once. (错)

3)Frightened by your words, the money was put back into the box secretly. (错)

4)To catch the first train to Beijing, something must be done this evening. (错)

◆1)To learn to speak English well, ____________________________________.

A. much practice is needed

B. one needs much practice

C. much practice is needed by one

D. one is needed much practice

2)Asked about his life in the past,_____________________________________.

A. nobody said nothing

B. they didn’t get an ans wer from him

C. nothing was said by him

D. John nodded his head and left the room

3)________________________, your composition is full of mistakes.

A. Writing carelessly

B. Written carelessly

C. Having written carelessly

D. Being written carelessly

4)While watching television, _____________________________________.

A. the doorbell rang

B. the doorbell rings

C. we heard the doorbell ring

D. we heard the doorbell rings

过去分词等练习题

1.When for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and

rewarding.

A. asking

B. asked

C. having asked

D. to be asked

2. ______________________ with care, one tin will last for six weeks.

A. Use

B. Using

C. Used

D. To use

3. ___________________ at the door before you enter my room, please.

A. Knock

B. Knocking

C. Knocked

D. To knock

4. Film has a much shorter history, especially when __________such art forms as music and painting.

A. having compared to

B. comparing to

C. compare to

D. compared to

5.The party will be held in the garden, weather___________________________.

A. permitting

B. to permit

C. permitted

D. permit

6. The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog___________ them.

A. to follow

B. following

C. followed

D. follows

7. This machine is very easy___________________ . Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.

A. operating

B. to be operating

C. operated

D. to operate

8._____________________ in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad .

A. Standing

B. To stand

C. Stood

D. Stand

9.Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _______________ his plane high up in the sky.

A. finding

B. to find

C. being found

D. to have found

10. Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car __________________.

A. washed

B. wash

C. washing

D. to wash

11.______________to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.

A. Having been asked

B. To ask

C. Having asked

D. To be asked

12.We’re having a meeting in half an hou r. The decision _____________at the meeting will influence

the future of our company.

A. to be made

B. being made

C. made

D. having been made

13. Before you quit your job, _______________how your family would feel about your decision.

A. consider

B. considering

C. to consider

D. considered

14. Tony lent me the money, ___________________ that I’d do as much for him.

A. hoping

B. to hope

C. hoped

D. having hoped 15. The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy ___________________ anything

that happened to be on.

A. to watch

B. watching

C. watched

D. to have watched

16.Pressed from his parents，and ______________________that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.

A. realizing

B. realized

C. to realize

D. being realized

17.Time, ____________________ correctly, is money in the bank.

A. to use

B. used

C. using

D. use

18.The lecture, _________at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon wit

telescopes.

A. starting

B. being started

C. to start

D. to be started

19. ________ an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.

A. Based

B. Base

C. Basing

D. To base

20. After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _________________.

A. providing

B. provided

C. having provided

D. provide

21. He got up late and hurried to his office, ________________the breakfast untouched.

A. left

B. to leave

C. leaving

D. having left

22. After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother’s voice ________________him.

A. to call

B. called

C. being called

D. calling

23.I don't know the girl ________________ in the destroyed building because of the earthquake.

A. to catch

B. caught

C. catching

D. to be catching

24.The foreign guests, ________________________ by some artists, came out of the hall.

A. following

B. to follow

C. followed

D. to be followed

25.When I went in, they were __________________ in a heated discussion.

A. absorb

B. absorbed

C. absorbing

D. being absorbed

26.The young teacher is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them

______________ in his lectures.

A. interested

B. interesting

C. interest

D. to interest

27._________________________________ wrong with the engine, he stopped his car.

A. Feeling something go

B. Feeling something to go

C. To feel something gone

D. Having felt something gone

28._____________________my parents’ letter, I decided to write again.

A. Not receive

B. Not to receive

C. Not received

D. Not having received

29.The new machine, if ___________________ properly, will work for at least ten years.

A. use

B. using

C. being used

D. used

30.______________________ to make a speech, he said he would be very glad to.

A. When asked

B. When asking

C. To be asked

D. When he was asking

31._________________ on the top of the building, and you’ll find the city more beautiful.

A. Stand

B. To stand

C. Standing

D. Stood

32. Asked about his life in the past, ____________________________.

A. nobody said nothing

B. they didn’t get an answer from him

C. nothing was said by him

D. John nodded his head and left the room

33. More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced __________ people’s

concern over food safety.

A. to raise

B. raising

C. to have raised

D. having raised

34. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself _______ of his own dreams.

A. reminding

B. to remind

C. reminded

D. remind

35. _________________ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.

A. Translating

B. Translated

C. To translate

D. Having translated

36. Claire had her luggage _______________ an hour before her plane left.

A. check

B. checking

C. to check

D. checked

37. More highways have been built in China, ___________it much easier for people to travel from one

place to another.

A. making

B. made

C. to make

D. having made

38. The next thing he saw was smoke ___________________from behind the house．

A．rose B．rising C．to rise D．risen

39.__________________around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.

A. Gather

B. To gather

C. Gathering

D. Gathered

40. The fact that so many people still smoke in public places ______________that we may need

nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risk of smoking.

A. suggest

B. suggests

C. suggested

D. suggesting

41.Recently a survey _______ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused

heated debate among citizens.

A．compared B．comparing C．compares D．being compared

42. It’s important for the figures ________________________ regularly.

A. to be updated

B. to have been updated

C. to update

D. to have updated

43. It was reported that 115 miners ___________in the flooded mine for eight days were pulled alive

at last.

A．trapped B．being trapped C．were trapped D．had trapped 44. _________from the operation，the patient was advised to stay in hospital for another two weeks.

A．Having not fully recovered B．Being not fully recovered

C．Not having fully recovered D．Not fully recovering

45.The county，__________________ in the north of Shanxi，has a history of more than 1,400 years.

A．located B．to be located C．being located D．locating

46.When I came in，I found Lucy ____________by the window ______________to music.

A．seated；listening B．seated；listened C．seating；listened D．seating；listening 47.After suffering a heart attack，Michael Jackson was announced dead，____________a tragic end to

the world’s most popular entertainer.

A．marking B．to mark C．marked D．having marked

48. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _____________ the next year.

A. carry out

B. carrying out

C. carried out

D. to carry out

49. I’ve worked with children before, so I know what______________________ in my new job.

A. expected

B. to expect

C. to be expecting

D. expects

50. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, __________ it more difficult.

A. not make

B. not to make

C. not making

D. do not make

51. When he awoke, he found himself ______________ by an old woman.

A. look after

B. looking after

C. being looked after

D. be looked after

52.-----How are they getting on with their work ?

-----All goes well as _______________ .

A. to be planned

B. being planned

C. planned

D. planning

53.When I caught him________ me, I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another

shop.

A. cheating

B. cheat

C. to cheat

D. to be cheating

54.------What made him so unhappy ?

------ ________________ the ticket for the football match.

A. Having been lost

B. Lost

C. Because of losing

D. Losing

55. All things ________________ , the planned trip will have to be called off.

A. considered

B. be considered

C. considering

D. having considered

56. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had_______________

went wrong again.

A. it

B. it repaired

C. repaired

D. to be repaired

57. We should keep ourselves _________ of the changing situation in that African country.

A. informed

B. informing

C. to inform

D. inform

58. Slowly she opened the letter, _________________________ .

A. her hands slightly trembling

B. trembling her hands slightly

C. her hands trembled slightly

D. slightly her hands were trembled

59. _______ the big snake, the little girl stood under the tree ________ out of her life.

A. Saw; frightened

B. Seen; frightened

C. Seeing; frightened

D. To see; frightening

60.From the dates_________ on the gold coin, we knew that it was made five hundred years ago.

A. marking

B. marked

C.to be marked

D. having been marked

61. The young man rushed out of the room, ___ into his car and started it hurriedly,

_________to get home as soon as possible.

A. got; hoped

B. getting; and hoped

C. got; hoping

D. getting; hoped

62. _________________ many times, but he made the same mistake again.

A. Having been told

B. Although he had been told

C. He had been told

D. Having told

63. Look at his __________ look. It seems as if he had met a ________ tiger.

A. frightened; frightening

B. frightening;frightened

C. frightened; frightened

D. frightening; frightening

64. The young man told the doctor that he didn’t need_________ his heart _______ .

A. having, checked

B. to have, checked

C. having, to check

D. to have, to check

65.________________all over the hill and around the lake are wild flowers of different kinds.

A. To grow

B. Growing

C. Grown

D. Grow

66.____________________, your composition is full of mistakes.

A. Writing carelessly

B. Written carelessly

C. Having written carelessly

D. Being written carelessly

67. ------Why was a special meeting held?

------_____________________ a new chairman.

A. To elect

B. Electing

C. Our electing

D. Elected

68.______________________ Sunday, the students are at home.

A. Being

B. To be

C. It is

D. It being

69. Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.

A. used

B. to use

C. using

D. use

70.Which do you enjoy_____________________ your weekends, fishing or watching TV?

A. spending

B.to spend

C. being spent

D. spend

71. Lisa was punished by her mother because she went out to play________her homework unfinished.

A. with

B. before

C. after

D. of

72. When choosing a product, I sometimes try to figure out the meaning ________ to its brand name.

A. attaching

B. having attached

C. to attach

D. attached

73. The factory produced many kinds of bikes, none of _____ __ shipped to foreign countries.

A. them

B. which

C. that

D. what

74. When he came back three hours later, they were still ______on the sofa, ______ in conversation.

A. sitting; absorbing

B. sitting; to absorb

C. seated; absorbed

D. seated; to be absorbed

75. There are some health problems that, when _______ in time, can become bigger ones later on.

A. not treated

B. not being treated

C. not to be treated

D. not have been treated

76. When we saw the road __ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.

A. block

B. to block

C. blocking

D. blocked

77. Anyone, once ______________ positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment

from our government.

A. to be tested

B. being tested

C. tested

D. to test

78. You cannot accept an opinion ______________ to you unless it is based on facts.

A. offering

B. to offer

C. having offered

D. offered

79.If ________________ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.

A. asked

B. to ask

C. asking

D. having asked

80. In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words _________ in daily conversations.

A. using

B. to use

C. having used

D. used

81.They might just have a place __________on the writing course------why don't you give it a try?

A. leave

B. left

C. leaving

D. to leave

82. The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras_______ to our shop for quality problems.

A. returning

B. returned

C. to return

D. to be returned

83. For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in

staying______________.

A. connected

B. connecting

C. to connect

D. to be connected

84.Children, when___________________ by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.

A. to be accompanied

B. to accompany

C. accompanying

D. accompanied

85. The manager was satisfied to see many new products ______________ after great effort.

A. having developed

B. to develop

C. developed

D. develop

86.If ______________for the job, you’ll be informed soon.

A .to accept B. accept C. accepting D. accepted

87. Video games can be a poor influence if ________ in the wrong hands.

A. to leave

B. leaving

C. leave

D. left

88. Much time___________ sitting at a desk, office workers are generally trapped by health problems.

A. being spent

B. having spent

C. spent

D. to spend

89. It is so cold that you can’t go outside_________ fully covered in thick clothes.

A. if

B. unless

C. once

D. when

90. Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother

___________good care of at home.

A. taking

B. taken

C. take

D. be taken

91. _______________in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching.

A. To absorb

B. To be absorbed

C. Absorbed

D. Absorbing

92. Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it live is quite another.

A. perform

B. performing

C. to perform

D. being performed 93.__________ in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.

A. Being raised

B. Raising

C. Raised

D. To raise

94. Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way_____________ the sun and the stars.

A. used

B. having used

C. using

D. use

95. Little Tom sat watching the monkey dancing in front of him.

A. amaze

B. amazing

C. amazed

D.to amaze

96._____________ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.

A. Ordering

B. To order

C. Having ordered

D. Ordered

97. In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message___________ within the work.

A.to hide

B. hidden

C. hiding

D. being hidden

98.To return to the problem of water pollution , I'd like you to look at a study _______ in Australia in

2012.

A. having conducted

B. to be conducted

C. conducting

D. conducted

99.Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time ______________ with his students.

A. to spend

B. spend

C. spending

D. spent

100. Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially ___________ to help them succeed academically and personally.

A. designed

B. designing

C. to design

D. being designed

过去分词练习参考答案：

1----20: BCADA BDABA AAAAA ABACB

21---40: CDBCB AADDA ADACB DABCB

41---60: BAACA AACBB CCADA CAACB

61---80: CCABB BADAB ADACA DCDAD 81—100: BBADC DDCBB CDDCC DBDDA