米其林轮胎技术用语词典(Michelin tyre technical dictionary)

米其林轮胎技术用语词典(Michelin tyre technical dictionary)
米其林轮胎技术用语词典(Michelin tyre technical dictionary)

米其林轮胎技术用语词典(Michelin tyre technical dictionary)Pressure | Air Pressure

The internal air pressure of the air per square inch is the "pound per square inch" (PSI) or the air pressure metric "kPa".

Four-wheel positioning | Alignment

Adjust all the wheels on the vehicle, make it relative to the road and the best direction of each other, and the four-wheel position will cause the tire to wear out and shorten the life of the tire.

All season tyres | all-season tyres

It provides a good balance of traction in the rain and snow, and has a good life of tread pattern, comfortable and quiet tires. Winter tires are recommended for maximum safety in winter and snow roads

The water float is | Aquaplaning

A very dangerous condition. The water in front of the tire causes the tire to lose contact with the road surface. At this point, the vehicle will be skidding on the water, completely out of control. This phenomenon is also known as hydroplaning.

Height Ratio | Aspect Ratio

The ratio of the tire side height to the width of the cross section.

Asymmetric Tread pattern Design | Asymmetrical Tread Design (AD)

Using different patterns on both sides of the tread can enhance and optimize the operation performance of dry wetland. The tread pattern on the inside of the tyre has more horizontal grooves to facilitate drainage. And the outside

Balance/unbalanced | Balance/unbalance

Balance refers to the condition of the average weight distribution of a tire and rim when it is rotated. In the adjustment of the imbalance state, the trained technician will add a certain weight to the inner or outer rim of the rim.

Michelin BAZ technology? | Banded At Zero Technology?

Michelin? BAZ technique refers to the use of a spiral wound polyamide overlay in the upper tread area of a wire belt layer, which can resist the centrifugal force that can cause the tyre deformation when traveling at high speed. BAZ technology optimizes the speed control of vehicles and the durability of tires.

Skew cord fabric (tire) | Bias - Ply

A tire that USES the center line of the tread to cross the cord.

Bolt Circle (diameter) | Bolt Circle

Through the imaginary circle diameter of each nut hole center, the distance from the two relative holes in the circumference is obtained. This data can be used when selecting the correct replacement rim.

External tilt Angle | Camber

The Angle of the rim on the inside or the outside is measured in degrees. In order to keep the outer surface of the tyre and the surface of the surface of the road, the Angle of the outside inclination should be adjusted. The abnormal wear of the tyre due to excessive Angle Angle or too small Angle will affect the life of the tyre.

External Thrust | Camber Thrust

The lateral force or lateral force produced when the tyre is rotated with the outer tilt, it can increase or decrease the lateral force produced by the tyre.

Carbon Black BBB 0 Carbon Black

This is an enhanced additive that can enhance the wear resistance of the tire when added to the rubber formula.

Carrying Capacity | Carrying Capacity

The design of each tire can carry as much weight as the specific tire pressure. Each tire size has an inflatable filling table to ensure that the air pressure is sufficient to withstand the load on the axle.

Back Angle | Caster

The Angle between the vertical line drawn from the center line of the rim and the axle that controls the rim of the rim. Can improve the vehicle direction stability and the central direct line feeling.

Line | Centerline

An imaginary line down the centre of the vehicle. Location tracking is measured using this line.

Centrifugal Force | Centrifugal Force

The lateral acceleration of the object doing the curve motion is g. When the car is moving in a curved way, it will be affected by centrifugal force and pull it outward. To counteract the centrifugal force, the tires will produce the same reaction force on the road. Also called "lateral force".

Cold Inflation Pressure | Cold Inflation Pressure

The tire pressure measured before the tyre is driven by the heat, the unit is a pound/square inch (psi).

Ground | Contact Patch

The area where the tyre is in contact with the road surface. Also called "footprints".

Turn to Force | Cornering Force

The steering force generated by the steering wheel is able to keep the vehicle moving along the desired arc.

Cross Z small groove Technology | Cross z-sipes Technology

A small grooved pattern that can provide transverse and longitudinal rigidity in the tread pattern.

Vehicle gearing Weight | Curb Weight

The weight of the vehicle with a full tank (including the tank) and all normal equipment, but not the driver and passenger.

Qu torsion | Deflection

When the tread is exposed to the road surface, the curvature of the side of the tire is distorted.

Directional Stability | Directional Stability

The vehicle is in a safe, confident drive to overcome the rugged, lateral wind, aerodynamic lift or other external influence 1, the ability to drive a straight line at high speed.

The U.S. department of transportation logo | DOT Markings

A sign on the side of the tire that shows whether the tires meet the vehicle safety standards set by the U.S. department of transportation (DOT). Only tyres sold in North America are

required to apply the DOT mark on the tire side of the tyre. The tyres sold in the Chinese market do not need to apply the DOT mark.

Wandering | Drift

The deviation refers to the deviation of the vehicle from the straight track when there is no turning.

Twins | Duals

Two tyres are mounted side by side on the same side of the axle to improve load and traction. There are four tires on each axle.

Dynamic Balance | Dynamic Balance

The dynamic balance is achieved when the weight of the vehicle is evenly distributed on the tyre circumference and at the center line on both sides. The tire and rim combinations that lose their balance will cause wobbles or wobbles on both sides of the vehicle.

Eccentric install | Eccentric Mounting

When the tire and rim are installed, the center of rotation is not aligned to the center of the wheel hub of the vehicle.

ECE logo | ECE Symbol

ECE has developed motor vehicle standards. ECE approved tyres must meet the requirements of size and brand standards, as well

as high speed durability.

Reinforced car tire | Extra Load

A car tire that has a higher inflation than the normal standard, which can achieve a larger load rating.

Free Radius | Free Radius

The tyre and rim are combined in a no-load condition with no deflection radius.

Green X?

Michelin? Green X? Mark to ensure the market the highest energy efficiency, reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide, while maintaining the properties of the Michelin products unique advantages, including wear-resisting performance, security, and so on.

Groove | Groove

The space between two adjacent tread rubber strips is also called "tread groove".

Total Weight (GAWR) | Gross Weight Rating (GAWR)

The maximum weight of a tire on a certain axle.

Total Vehicle Weight (GVW) | Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW)

The total weight of the vehicle and its load (liquid, passenger and cargo).

Total Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) | Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR)

Maximum allowable weight of the vehicle and its load. This number is estimated by the vehicle manufacturer and can be found on the door sticker.

Hung floating Light tyres | High Flotation Sizing System for Light Trucks

Tyres with a lower side and wider tread can provide better traction in the sandy and soft soils common in wet off-road areas.

High-performance tyres | High - performance tires

Also known as maximum performance, ultra high performance tires, provide better control, grip and bending capability than standard products. In addition, high performance tyres are tested with higher performance than regular tires.

Highway tire | Highway tires

Also known as "summer tires", designed for dry and wet roads, but not suitable for driving on icy roads.

Hub center | Hub - centric

The rim can be mounted on a hub or flange. The rim of the hub center will customize the flange hole of the wheel rim to accurately match the diameter of the wheel hub.

KPa (kPa) | Kilopascal (kPa)

A metric unit of air pressure. One pound per square inch equals

6.9 kpa.

Light truck | Light truck

The term refers to smaller trucks, pickup trucks, passenger cars or suvs.

Load capacity | Load - carrying capacity

It refers to how much weight a tire can withstand under pressure of maximum inflatable tire.

Load radius | Loaded radius

When the tire is normally inflated, the distance from the rim to the ground is calculated in feet.

Load section height | Loaded section height

The height of the cross section of the tire.

Load index, | Load index

A specific value between 0 and 279 corresponding to the load

bearing capacity.

Load range | Load range

It defines the maximum load range that a tire can withstand under a particular tire pressure.

Luxury high-performance travel tyres | Luxury performance touring tyres

Generally designed for luxury cars. This kind of tyre combines high performance with smooth and comfortable driving performance.

Maximum inflation pressure | Maximum inflation pressure

The most atmospheric pressure of a cooling tire; This number can be found on the fetal side.

Mr. Michelin? | Michelin Man?

Michelin has been a symbol of Michelin for more than 100 years.

Install | Mounting

Load the wheel rim and ensure the balance is assembled. When new tyres are purchased, they need to be installed by professional technicians. The tire dealer may also charge a normal fee for the valve.

M + S, M/S or M & S | M + S, M/S or M & S

Tires that can be used in a certain amount of mud and ice

The wheel is Negative, Negative camber

A positioning method for tilting the top of the tire to the center of the vehicle. The racers use a negative Angle in order to gain maximum steering performance.

Negative deviation | Negative offset

When the mounting side of the rim is close to the brake side, the tire and rim are taken out of the fender well.

Nominal Rim Diameter | Nominal Rim Diameter

Round diameter, round to the nearest integer value (for example, 15 inches).

Offset | Offset

The deflection of the wheel circle refers to the relative position between the tire/rim combination and suspension. The installation side of the zero-offset rim is facing the center line of the wheel.

Total diameter | Overall diameter

The diameter of the tire with no load.

Full width | Overall width

The distance from the side of the tire on both sides of the tire, including the letter and design on the side of the tyre.

Inflatable excessive | Over - inflation

Too much inflation in the tyres causes excessive wear and tear on the central part of the tread.

Turn to excessive | Oversteer

The driving trend of the vehicle, when it bends, the vehicle turns sharply higher than the driver expected. The back end of the vehicle wants to be thrown out of the curve. The slip Angle of the rear tire is larger than the slip Angle of the front tire, resulting in the manipulation problem. The tail of the

over-turned vehicle always swings around.

Oxidation | Oxidation

In damp and damaged conditions, the steel wire inside the tyre is rusted. This may result in the tyre being unable to repair before normal replacement time.

Tire size upgrades | Plus - sizing

Choose a low-profile tire with a wider rim (1 or 2 inches in diameter). Generally speaking, this can improve the shape, control and driving performance of the vehicle.

P measurement system | p-metric

The uniform tire size identification system, originally launched in 1977 by American tire manufacturers, is commonly known as the p-metric series. For example, a typical P measurement tyre is p205/70r14 93S.

Pneumatic tyre | Pneumatic tire

Designed to be used after inflation.

Positive Angle | Positive camber

The top of the tire is positioned more outwards than the bottom and the top of the tire incline to the outside of the vehicle.

Positive post-dip Angle | Positive caster

Steering to the top of the axle at the tip of the positioning setting.

Wandering | Pull

When not steering, due to irregular tire wear, faulty front wheel positioning, or brake wear/adjustment errors, the vehicle moves to the side of the phenomenon.

Radial tyre | Radial ply tyre

A tyre with a 90-degree line in the center of the tread.

Meridian XSE Technology | Radial XSE Technology

A revolutionary technique for adding silicon to rubber formulas, which can enhance the traction, snow traction and rolling resistance of the tyres.

Rims | Rim

The tyre is mounted to the rim of the rim.

Rim diameter | Rim diameter

Diameter of tire ring seat.

Rim safety slot | Rim Drop

During the tire installation, this is the place where the tire area is placed on the rim flange, allowing the tire to sit on the wheel rim.

Rim flange | Rim Rim

The surface of the wheel ring on the rim of the wheel is exposed to the tire tread.

Change the tire to | Rotation

In accordance with specific rules, change the position of the vehicle around or around the wheel. Tire replacement can maintain average tread wear. Regular tire replacement is an easy way to extend the life of the tyre. Please refer to your tire maintenance manual for the replacement method recommended

by the manufacturer.

Rubber formula | Rubber compound

According to the elaborate process, a variety of raw materials are mixed together. The rubber formula is developed according to the performance requirements of each tire.

Cross Section height BBB 0 Section height

The height of the tire measures the distance from the tire to the outer surface.

Cross Section width | Section width

The distance between the tire side of the tire, not including any character or design pattern on the side of the tire.

The Series

A number of tires with the same height ratio (ratio of section height to cross section width).

Service description: | Service description

The number or text on the side of the tire indicates the load bearing capacity, load index and the speed at which the tire can load (at the speed level) under certain conditions. "Service description" also describes the load index and the speed level.

The shaking | Shimmy

The wheels of the car wobble around, which can be caused by a variety of causes, including tire imbalances, inaccurate positioning, or rim bending.

Tire Shoulder | Shoulder

The part of the tire that is combined with the tire side.

The tire | Sidewall

The tire tread is between the tread and the tire, which can protect the tire from the shoulder rub. There will also be signs on the side of the tire, telling users important information about tires.

Silicon | Silica

In 1992, Michelin discovered how to add silicon to the tire rubber formula. The discovery has produced a tire formula with wear-resistant, low rolling resistance and good driving performance.

A silicon foetal formula, |, is used in the Compound

The silicone rubber formula can effectively reduce the rolling resistance of the tire without sacrificing the grip of the tire.

Singletons | Singles

A tyre is mounted on each side of the axle (two mounted on each axle).

Small groove | Sipes

Tread pattern blocks in special tiny groove, when the tire rolling to the road surface contact will be opened and then closed, breaking the surface tension of water, make the rubber can be in contact with the road surface, adhesion, improve the wetland and snow traction.

Size | Size

Tire width, structure type, high width ratio and tube size combination information to distinguish the tire.

Snow tires | Snow tyre

A special type of tire, its tread pattern and formula can obtain better traction under snow and ice conditions. The snow tire has M + S, M&S or M/S logo on the tire side.

Speed rating, | Speed rating

The speed symbol is an indicator letter, which ranges from J to Z, and in the corresponding load capacity of the relevant load index, each letter indicates the maximum allowable speed of the tire.

Stability | Stability

The driver maintains control of the vehicle.

Turn to response |

The vehicle's response to the driver's steering and the feedback that the driver gets from the wheel.

Steering system |

The whole mechanism for the driver to guide and control the direction of the vehicle, including the steering wheel, driving lever, steering gear and wheel support.

Structure | Structure

The way the tire body is constructed. The structure of the meridian tyre with "radial" or the letter "R" logo, today is already selected for most cars tire structure.

Hang | Suspension

A variety of springs, shock absorbers and linkage mechanisms that hang the vehicle frame, body, engine, and power transmission systems on wheels.

Synthetic rubber | Synthetic rubber

Artificial (not natural) rubber. Today, most cars and light truck tire formulas contain relatively small amounts of natural rubber.

Tire | in Tyre

Also called "pneumatic tyre" (pneumatic tyre), is a kind of by rubber, chemical materials, fabrics, and high precision components made of metal. Tires can provide traction, cushion the impact and bear loads under various conditions.

Tire tags | Tyre Designation

A code consisting of letters and Numbers on the tire side of the tire, which describes the tire specifications, including the width, the width ratio, the diameter of the tire ring, the load index and the speed level.

Tire conventional | Tyre Mixing

A mix of different brands, types, or sizes of tyres in the same vehicle. Doing so can lead to different driving and maneuvering performance. The tyre mix must consult a professional car 4S or a tyre store

Tyre sign | Tyre Placard

A metal or paper sign permanently fixed to the vehicle, which indicates the tire size and inflation pressure used by the vehicle. This sign is usually on the driver's side of the car door, glove box cover or tank cover.

The anterior beam Angle | Toe

A pair of tyres mounted on the same shaft is in a different

distance.

The wheels of the wheel | Toe - In

The front beam (commonly known as "inner eight characters") = the distance between the front end of the same axle and the front end of the same axle is shorter than the back end.

| Toe - Out in front of the wheel

The distance between the front end of the same axle and the front end of the same axle.

Travel Tyres | Touring Tyres

Provide wear-resistant, comfortable and tractive tires.

Trajectory | Track

The two tires on the same axis mark the outside distance.

Traction | Traction

The opposing force of friction between the tire and the road, which forces the vehicle to drive forward

Beat | Tramping

The abnormal motion of the vehicle.

Tread | Tread

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米其林轮胎报价表完整版

米其林轮胎报价表集团标准化办公室:[VV986T-J682P28-JP266L8-68PNN]

国产米其林轮胎报价 型号花纹级别批发价? 185/65R14EnergyXM186H150元 185/70R14EnergyXM188H250元 195/65R14EnergyXM189H180元? 185/60R15EnergyXM184H180元? 195/60R15EnergyXM188H260元? 195/65R15EnergyXM191H200元? 205/65R16EnergyXM195H360元 215/65R16EnergyXM198H360元? 185/60R14EnergyXM1+82H150元? 195/60R14EnergyXM1+86H190元185/65R15EnergyXM1+88H200元195/65R15EnergyXM1+91H210元? 195/60R15EnergyXM1+88H250元? 205/60R15EnergyXM1+91H330元? 195/55R15EnergyMXV885H250元195/60R15EnergyMXV888H250元? 195/65R15EnergyMXV891V250元? 205/60R15EnergyMXV891V340元205/65R15EnergyMXV894V350元205/55R16EnergyMXV891V320元? 205/65R16EnergyMXV895H400元? 205/60R16EnergyMXV892V400元215/60R16EnergyMXV895V320元? 225/60R16EnergyMXV898V490元? 235/60R16EnergyMXV8100V585元? 215/55R17EnergyMXV894V590元?

CATIA V5 机械设计从入门到精通(基础篇)

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a variety of主谓一致

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汽车轮胎基本知识

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汽车轮胎基本知识 一、轮胎的定义 轮胎是在各种车辆或机械上装配的接地滚动的圆环形弹性橡胶制品。通常安装在金属轮辋上,能支承车身,缓冲外界冲击,实现与路面的接触并保证车辆的行驶性能。轮胎常在复杂和苛刻的条件下使用,它在行驶时承受着各种变形、负荷、力以及高低温作用,因此必须具有较高的承载性能、牵引性能、缓冲性能。同时,还要求具备高耐磨性和耐屈挠性,以及低的滚动阻力与生热性。世界耗用橡胶量的一半用于轮胎生产,可见轮胎耗用橡胶的能力。 二、轮胎发展史 最早的轮胎 最早的轮胎是由木头或铁制造的,这从中国古代的战车上和国外的绅士马车上都能看出。后来,当探险家哥伦布,在1493-1496年第二次探索新大陆到达西印度群岛中的海地岛时,发现了当地小孩所玩的橡胶硬块,这使他大吃一惊。后来他把这个奇妙的东西带回了祖国,若干年以后,橡胶得到了广泛的应用,车轮也逐渐由木制变成了硬橡胶制造。但这时的橡胶轮胎却还是实心的,走起来还很不舒服,而且噪声也很大。直到1845年,出生于苏格兰的土木技师R·w·汤姆生发明了充气轮胎,并以《马车和其他车辆的车轮改良》为题,获得了英国政府的专利。同年12月10日第一条充气轮胎诞生。第一个买充气轮胎的人叫罗列,是个贵族,四个轮胎的价钱合计为四十四磅二先令。1847年《科学·美国》杂志介绍了汤姆生的充气轮胎,称其为划时代的改良。但是,当时的英国,过于注重传统的绅士化,为了保护马车, 限制蒸汽车的发展,汽车的速度在市区被限定为时速2mile(约3.2km),郊区为4mile(约6.4km)。这样,汤姆生的发明便没有了市场,因此,慢慢地也就被人们遗忘了。也就是说,汤姆生的第一次轮胎革命,并未给人类带来太阳一样的光明,因为人类所应经受的黑暗似乎还没有到头。但是太阳总是要出来的,因为人类以及万物都需要它,40多年以后的1888年,在爱尔兰当兽医的英格兰人J·B·邓禄普先生取得了充气轮胎的专利。当时,J·B·邓禄普先生10岁的儿子强尼买了一辆三轮自行车,但是因为当时的轮胎还都是用硬橡胶做的实心轮胎,因此,在满是石头的路上行走时很不舒服,儿子的抱怨激发了邓禄普先生的灵感,因此,被遗忘了四十多年的充气轮胎再次问世。随着时代的进步,邓禄普先生发明的充气轮胎很快在自行车上得到了应用,并迅速迈向了汽车领域,为世界汽车工业的发展做出了巨大贡献。 充气轮胎 初期的充气轮胎,使用的是用涂有橡胶的帆布当胎体。因为帆布的纵线和横线互相交叉,行走时由于轮胎的变形,导致线的互相摩擦;这样,线就很容易被磨断,这时的轮胎只能跑200-300km。1903年,J·F·帕玛先生发明了斜纹纺织品,这种斜纹纺织品的发明促成了交叉层轮胎的发展,使轮胎的寿命向前跨了一大步。因为斜叉的胎体不会再因轮胎的行走而引起摩擦,帘线不容易被磨断,所以寿命大大加长。1930年米其林制造了第一个无内胎轮胎;1946年又发明了举世闻名的子午线轮胎。因此,轮胎的发展是经历了一个漫长的历程,在这漫漫长夜里,不知有多少代人为之付出了艰辛的劳动和高超的智慧。

汉英翻译课程参考书(2007级学生用)

翻译常用工具书 1.陆谷孙主编:《英汉大辞典》,上海译文出版社,1989年。 2.《现代汉语词典》(2002年增补本) 商务印书馆,1998年。 3.汉英双语《现代汉语词典》(2002年增补本) 商务印书馆,1998年。 4. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, 1995, Longman Group Limited, Beijing. 5. Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary,0xford University Press, Oxford. 6. Collins Cobuild English Language Dictionary, William Collins Sons & Co Ltd. 7. Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary, Merriam Webster, Inc., U.S. 8. 陆乃圣、金颖颖,英文导游词实用教程[Z],上海:华东理工大学出版社,2000。 9. COLLINS COBUILD English Dictionary, 《何林斯COBUILD英语词典》,上海:上海外语 教育出版社,2000。 10. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Houghton Mifflin Company. Boston. 1980. 11. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, Longman Group Ltd. 1995. 12. A.S. Homby, Oxford Advanced Learner's English-Chinese Dictionary(Fourth Edition), 李北 达译北京:商务印书馆,1997。 13. 北京外国语学院英语系词典组编,《汉英成语词典》北京:商务印书馆,1982。 14. 厦门大学外语系《综合英语成语词典》编写组,《综合英语成语词典》福建人民出版社, 1985。 15. 梁实秋原主编,张芳杰主编,《远东汉英大词典》,新华出版社、远东出版社,1995。 16. 黄关福等编著,《实用汉英情景分类词典》北京:世界图书出版公司,1995。 17. 辛众编,《汉英中国机构手册》,北京:现代出版社,1987。 18. 外研社辞书部,《现代汉英词典》北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2001。 19. 夏征农主编,《辞海》,上海:上海辞书出版社,1989。 20. 《中国大百科全书》编辑委员会编,《中国大百科全书》,中国大百科全书出版社,1982。 21. 张培基,《习语汉译英研究》,北京:商务印书馆,1979。 22. Arthur Zeiger. Encyclopedia of English. Arco Publishing Company, Inc. New Y ork ,1978 23. AS Hornby. 牛津高阶英汉双解词典.(第四版增补本)商务印书馆&牛津大学出版社, 2002 24. Brewer’s Dictionary of Phrases and Fable. Revised by Ivor H. Evans, Printed in Great Britain by Bulter & Tanner Ltd, Frome and London. 1975 25. Paul Procter主编.朗文当代英汉双解词典(第一版)朗文出版(远东)有限公司,1988 26. Sidney I. Landau, Cambridge Dictionary of American English (《剑桥美国英语词典》),上 海:上海外语教育出版社,2000 27. Use the Right Word: A Modern Guide To Synonyms. Printed and Bound by Lee Fung Printing Company Limited, Hong Kong, 1971 28.《辞海》(缩印本) .上海:上海辞书出版社,1989 29. 费致德.现代英语惯用法词典.北京:商务印书馆,1981 30. 冯志纯,周行健主编.新编汉语多功能词典.北京:国际文化出版公司,1989 31. 简明不列颠百科全书.北京:中国大百科全书出版社出版,1987 32. 王同亿.英汉词海.北京:国防工业出版社,1990 33.吴光华主编.汉英大词典.上海:上海交通大学出版社,1995 34. 吴功正主编.古文鉴赏辞典.南京:江苏文艺出版社,1987

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