语法填空题解题技巧复习过程

语法填空题解题技巧复习过程
语法填空题解题技巧复习过程

语法填空题解题技巧

一、题型解读

语篇型语法填空题旨在考查学生在于都理解的基础上对语法和语言知识的掌握情况,着重考查学生的综合语言运用能力。其命题具有以下特点:

1、总体情况:1篇短文,200词左右。难度适中,符合高中中等学生阅读水平。

2、试题数目:10个小题。

3、分值:共15分,每小题1.5分。

4、填写要求:根据上下文填写空白处所需内容(无提示词时只填1个单词)或所提供单词的正确形式(最多填3个单词)。

二、解题步骤和技巧

做语法填空题时,不仅要通篇考虑文章的主题和内容,而且要合理地利用已学过的语法知识得出正确的结论。具体可参照以下步骤:

1.通读全文,了解大意。

在解题前应快速浏览短文,特别注意文章首尾句和一些关键词和句子,了解文章大意。

2.试填空格,先易后难。

在读懂短文后,要结合语境,从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺单词的词性,再根据句子的意义及句子之间的逻辑关系确定要填的单词或所给词的正确形式。下面按题型设计,提供三种设题方式解题技巧:

(1)无提示词的题目解题技巧

首先,分析句子结构,根据句子所缺成分确定填哪类词;然后,根据句意确定填什么词;或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用那个连词。确定用哪类词可用以下方法:

技巧1:在简单句和并列句中,若句子缺主语或宾语,一定是填代词或名词(多考代词)。

例:The environment in this town is as pleasant as__________in the coastal city.

技巧2:名词前若无限定词(冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词),很可能填限定词。

例:It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty was very anxious to help__________ rice crop grow up quickly.

技巧3:名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时,其前面一定填介词。

例:Stars look quite bright__________the dark blue sky.

技巧4:若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词,可能是填连词。

例:...all I saw was these beautiful girls, w,hose smile just melted me__________almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about.

技巧5:若两个句子之间没有连词,也没有分号或句号,一定是填并列连词(连接并列的句子)或从属连词(链接名词性从句或状语从句)或关系词(连接定语从句)。

例:The man was very tired, __________he still went on working.

技巧6:若句子结构完整,空格后动词是原形,特别是上下文时态不一致时,很可能是填情态动词或表示强调货到装的助动词(do, does, did等)。

例:To my great joy, the plant__________look exactly like what we were looking for.

技巧7:由特殊句式结构来判断空格处应填的词。

①有It is\was...that...强调结构的形式,可能填it或that。判断方法:去掉It is\was和that, 句子结构仍然完整。

例:...and__________was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldn’t eat pineapple.

②由it作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断,空格是否填it。

例:__________is necessary for the young to master two foreign languages.

③由倒装句式判断,是填构成倒装句的条件的only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not until等,还是填do, does, did等。

例:__________with hard work can you expect to get a pay rise.

④so\such...that...句型

例:This made the goat so jealous__________it began plotting against the donkey.

(2)提示词为动词的题目解题技巧

对于给出了动词的题目,首先要判断所填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词,然后再按以下两点进行思考。

技巧1:若句中没有别的谓语动词,虽然已经有谓语动词,但需填的动词与之是并列关系时,所给动词就是谓语动词;若是谓语动词,则需考虑时态和语态。

例:Lucy__________(be) a student last year, but now she is a teacher.

技巧2:若句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词,就要确定是过去分词形式、现在分词形式,还是动词不定式。

①做主语或宾语,通常用现在分词形式表示习惯或一般情况,用不定式表示具体请况。

例:__________(speak) out your inner feeling won’t make you feel ashamed; on the contrary...

②作目的状语或在形容词后作真正主语,一般用动词不定式。

例:__________(complete) the project as planed, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.

③做伴随状语,通常用分词。与逻辑主语是主动关系,用现在分词;与逻辑主语是被动关系,用过去分词。

例:The headmaster went into the lab, __________(follow) by the foreign guests.

④无论非谓语动词在句中作何成分,若判断出其需要用分词时,分词与逻辑主语是主动关系,用现在分词;是被动关系,用过去分词。

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