高中英语阅读理解经典试题(含答案) 百度文库

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

Since we've headed into the snowy part of the year, it seems like a good time to solve a language puzzle that Eskimos have a huge number of words for snow. The idea was popularized by the now well-known expert Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s. His number was approximately five Eskimo words for snow, but somehow the story was so wide spread and romantic that it got out of control and grew bigger and bigger.

There are two problems with the concept of Eskimos having tons of words for snow.

First, Eskimos speak at least two different languages—Inuit and Yupik. Just as we have talked about how English and many other languages developed from a common language called Proto-Indo-European, Inuit and Yupik come from a different common language called Eskimo-Aleut. So saying Eskimos have 100 words for snow is like saying Europeans have 100 words for kings or queens. It might be telling you something broad about culture, but it isn't really telling you much about language.

The second problem is "What is a word?” The Inuit and Yupik languages make words in different ways from how we make words in English. For example, the West Greenlandic word 'siku,' (sea ice), is used as the root for 'sikursuit (pack ice), 'Sikuliaq (new ice), and 'sikurluk (melting ice). But it's not that West Greenlandic has so many more words for describing snow than English, it's just that West Greenlandic expresses ideas by combining meaningful units of language together into one word while English uses more phrases and compounds. We express all the same ideas; we just do it a little differently because of the way our language is built.

So you're probably still wondering, "If it's not 50 or 100 or 400 words, how many is it?" Well, Woodbury lists 15 that are present in a Yupik dictionary published in 1984, but he says that depending on how you look at it this is not an exact number. It could be 12; it could be 24. But it's certainly not 100.

Sometimes, the "hundred words for snow" puzzle is used to argue that because Eskimos have so many words for snow, they think about snow in ways that we can't even begin to imagine—that your language decides or limits your thoughts. Languages are just different. They don't decide what we are able to think about or are not able to think about. I can think about snow floating on water even if we don't have a word for that in English.

So when you're out skiing or snowboarding or just shoveling your driveway this winter, don't believe the people who try to tell you that Eskimos have 100 words for snow.

（1）Why are Eskimos thought to have so many words for snow?

A. Because snow is everywhere where Eskimos live.

B. Because the story about it got enriched and believed.

C. Because snow is of great importance to Eskimos.

D. Because Eskimos have great affection for snow.

（2）How does the writer explain the first problem?

A. By presenting figures.

B. By making comparisons.

C. By quoting sayings.

D. By adopting idioms.

（3）The example of the west Greenlandic word 'siku' shows that .

A. the making of words varies from language to language

B. the Inuit and Yupik languages have more words for snow

C. the richness of words and phrases leads to different ideas

D. more phrases about snow are found in the English language

（4）What conclusion can we safely draw from the last two paragraphs?

A. Eskimos better understand snow than other people.

B. Languages deeply influence people's ability to think.

C. There is no point counting Eskimo's expressions for snow.

D. What comes into our mind is limited by our language.

【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了爱斯基摩人描述雪的词语虽然多但并非传言中的100多个。出现这一想象的原因是1. 爱斯基摩人本身就说两种语言，不同的语言就会有不同的描述。2. 词汇方面的融合也使得他们有很多能描述雪的词语。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“His number was approximately five Eskimo words for snow, but somehow the story was so wide spread and romantic that it got out of control and grew bigger and bigger.”可知，本身Benjamin Lee Whorf对于雪的词汇可能就只有5个，但是故事不断的传播，甚至带着浪漫主义气息，使得故事传播的越来越广泛，故事内容也越来越夸张。故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Just as we have talked about how English and many other languages developed from a common language called Proto-Indo-European …”，作者将英语和从原始印欧语发展而来的其他语言进行了比较，由此可知采用了比较的方法。故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的”We express all the same ideas; we just do it a little differently because of the way our language is built.“以及第四段的例子中，不同语言、不同词汇表达的都是同一个意思，唯一不同的是语言构建方式的不同而已。故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Languages are just different. They don't decide what we are able t o think about or are not able to think about.”语言都是不一样的，而且语言也决定不了我们能或不能想什么；以及最后一段中的“don't believe the people who try to tell you that Eskimos have 100 words for snow.”不用相信那些想要告诉你爱斯基摩人有100种描述雪的词汇，即不用在意究竟有多少词。由此可知，词汇的多少并不影响思想，故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

People speak English in different parts of the world. The same words can be used in different ways, depending on where you live. People can also have completely different ways of saying the

same thing.

The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) is asking the public to help it add new words. Editors want to find the regional differences in English around the world. They want to expand its record of the language.

Last year, the OED, BBC Radio and the Forward Arts Foundation teamed up to find local words in the United Kingdom. It resulted in more than 100 regional words and phrases being added to the dictionary. One was "cuddy wifter", which means a left-handed person.

Now, the OED is widening its search to English speakers around the world. Eleanor Maier, an editor at OED, said the response has been great. Editors are listing a bunch of suggestions to include in the dictionary.

These include Hawaii's "hammajang", which means "in a disorderly state". Another is the word for a swimming costume, "dookers" or "duckers". It is used in Scotland.

The OED also might include the word "frog-drowner", which Americans might use to describe a downpour of rain. Another possibility is "brick". It means "very cold" to people in New Jersey and New York City.

The dictionary has already found that, depending on location, a picture hanging off center might be described as "agley". It might also be called "catawampous" or "ahoo".

"The OED aims to cover all types of English," Maier said. That includes scientific words, slang and regional language. Maier also said that it can be difficult for the OED's editors to identify regional words. The terms are more often spoken than written down.

The appeal is called Words Where You Are. It is looking for more suggestions. "We were surprised and pleased by the number of regional words we were able to include," said Maier.（1）Which local word of the following most likely comes from one region of the United Kingdom?

A. Hammajang.

B. Dookers.

C. Catawampous.

D. Frog-drowner.（2）What can be inferred from the passage?

A. It is challenging to create a complete collection of regional words.

B. People are not enthusiastic about the appeal for regional words.

C. Regional words are more used orally than in written form.

D. Understanding regional words can be helpful when communicating.

（3）Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of the passage?

A. It's time to track where the local words come from.

B. The same English words can be used to say different things.

C. OED aims to expand its collection to attract locals.

D. OED will include more regional words from around the globe.

（4）Which part of a newspaper does this passage probably come from?

A.Entertainment.

B.Sports.

C.Culture.

D.Health.

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过举例，说明了不同的地方有很多地方性的语言，牛津词典正致力于将这些地方性的语言包含在它的字典之内。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“Another is the word for a swimming costume, ‘dookers’ or ‘duckers’. It is used in Scotland.”dookers 或duckers这个词用来指一种泳衣，主要在苏格兰地区使用，以及常识，苏格兰是英国的一部分，可知，Dookers这个词最可能来自于英国的一个地区。故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第八段中的“Maier also said that it can be difficult for the OED's editors to ide ntify regional words. The terms are more often spoken than written down”Maier说识别地方性的词汇对于牛津字典的编辑来说是比较困难的。因为这些词经常为口头描述而没有被记录下来，可以推知搜集各地的地方性语言是一项比较困难的事情。故选A。（3）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“The appeal is called Words Where You Are. It is looking for more suggestions.”和全文可知，本篇文章主要讲述了牛津字典收集地方性词汇的意义以及进展情况，向大家介绍了这一个项目。故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文的话题是牛津字典收集地方性词汇，是与文化中的语言相关的，所以我们可以推知这篇文章可能来源于报纸上的文化专栏部分。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

If you love eating and drinking for free and are looking to make some pocket money, there's a job in China with your name on it. A new type of online service allows people to hire others to eat or drink their favorite treats, either to cure their boredom or satisfy their appetite without the calories that usually come with it.

Chinese media recently reported on an increasingly popular service on online platform Taobao that's as startling as it is appealing. People can now go online and hire others to consume certain foods and drinks, and ask them to provide video evidence of them eating or drinking the said treats.

Fees usually range from two to nine yuan ($0.30 - $1.35) plus the cost of the food. It's not exactly a get-rich-quick job, but there are quite a rot of people willing to do it for the free treats alone.

"Bubble tea drinking" is a particularly popular service, as the chewy tapioca(木薯粉)balls and popping drink is all the rage in Asia these days, but there are also ads from people willing to eat fried chicken or hot pot for anyone willing to pay for them.

Advertised as being "fat-free" and "free of queues" those who pay for the service will receive the full experience, which includes a 360-degree video of the drink, photos, and a detailed

description. Prices of the service are based on the drink's sweetness level, its price, and popularity. Some clients even require a short written review to be sure that the person they hired actually does what they are supposed to.

Sellers explained that most customers buy their "Bubble tea drinking" service maybe because they're trying to shake off desires while they're on a diet. Drinking bubble tea by proxy may help customers avoid high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and other health problems that the sugar-laden drink may cause.

So why would anyone pay a total stranger to enjoy a treat rather than consume it themselves? Well, apparently, the online service is so cheap that some people simply do it out of boredom, while others get satisfaction from watching others indulge in their favorite treats.

This indulging-by-proxy service(代享受服务)has received a lot of attention on social media in China, with some people describing it as the job of their dreams.

（1）What kind of people may buy the new type of online service?

A. Those who are boring.

B. Those who are trying to lose weight.

C. Those who love eating and drinking for free.

D. Those who are looking to make some pocket money.

（2）Which is the reason for many people being willing to be hired for the new job?

A. That they can make a fortune.

B. That the foods and drinks are cheap.

C. That they can consume the treats for free.

D. That they can realize their dreams.

（3）Why does the author mention "bubble tea drinking" in Paragraph 4?

A. To prove that the new type of service online is popular.

B. To list an example of the new type of service online

C. To show bubble tea is greatly welcome in Asia.

D. To promote the new type of service online.

（4）What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Indulging-by-proxy service online helps lose weight.

B. Boredom leads to indulging-by-proxy service online.

C. People hold different opinions on indulging-by-proxy service online.

D. Indulging-by-proxy service online is getting increasingly popular.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种代享受服务在中国的社交媒体上引起了很多关注，网上代享受服务越来越受欢迎。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“A new type of online service allows people to hire others to eat or drink their favorite treats, either to cure their boredom or satisfy their appetite without the calories that usually come with it.”一种新型的在线服务允许人们雇佣他人来吃或喝他们最喜欢的食物，既可以治愈他们的无聊，也可以满足他们的胃口，而不需要那些通常伴随而来的卡路里。可知，那些试图减肥的人可能会购买这种新型的在线服务，故选

B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“It's not exactly a get-rich-quick job, but there are quite a rot of people willing to do it for the free treats alone.”这并不是一个快速致富的工作，但有相当一部分人愿意为了免费的款待而去做。可知，许多人愿意接受这份新工作的原因是他们可以免费享用美食，故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Bubble tea drinking" is a particularly popular service, as the chewy tapioca(木薯粉)balls and popping drink is all the rage in Asia these days, but there are also ads from people willing to eat fried chicken or hot pot for anyone willing to pay for them.““泡茶喝”是一项特别受欢迎的服务，因为这种耐嚼的木薯球和弹出式饮料最近在亚洲风靡一时，但是也有一些广告是关于愿意吃炸鸡或火锅的人的。由此推断出，作者在第四段中提到“泡茶喝”是举出了一个新的网上服务的例子，故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。最后一段”This indulging-by-proxy service（代享受服务）has received a lot of attention on social media in China, with some people describing it as the job of their dreams.“这种代享受服务在中国的社交媒体上引起了很多关注，一些人把它描述为他们梦想中的工作，是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了网上代享受服务越来越受欢迎，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

The age of adulthood is by definition arbitrary. If everyone matured at the same, fixed rate, it wouldn't be a human process. Indeed, maturation happens at varying speeds across different categories within the same individual, so I'd say I was easily old enough to vote at 16, but nobody should have given me a credit card until I was 32, and I've got the county court judgment to prove it.

However, we broadly agree that there's a difference between a child and an adult, even if we might argue about the transition point. So the political theorist David Runciman's view that six-year-olds should be allowed to vote goes against any standard argument about the age of civic responsibility. Nobody would say that a six-year-old could be held criminally responsible, could be sent to war, could be capable of consent, could be given responsibility for anything. So allowing them the vote—along with, unavoidably, seven-year-olds who are even sillier, if anything—is quite an amusing proposal.

Runciman's argument is that this is the only way to rebalance political life, which is currently twisted in favor of the old, who don't (he added) ever need to demonstrate mental capacity, even long after they've lost it.

The first part of his case is self-evident: pensions are protected while children's centers are closed, concepts such as sovereignty (最高权威) are prioritized over the far more urgent business of the future: climate change. Nostalgia (怀念) for a past the young wouldn't even recognize plays a central role, which is completely unfair.

Most of the arguments against giving six-year-olds a vote are that children would end up voting for something damaging and chaotic, if someone made unrealistic promises to them, which could never be realized. Well, it's not children's fault.

Having said that, children do tend towards the progressive, having a natural sense of justice (which kicks in at the age of six months, psychologists have shown, by creating scenes of great unfairness to babies, and making them cry) and an underdeveloped sense of self-interest. My kid, when he was six, made quite a forceful case against private property, on the basis that, since everybody needed a house, they shouldn't cost money, because nobody would want anyone else not to have one. Also, food should be free. It was a kind of pre-Marx communism, where you limit the coverage of the market to only those things that you wouldn't mind someone else not having.

On that particular day, when we were registered as voters, my kid was quite far to the left of me, but in the normal run of things, we're united, which brings us to the point of the problem: children obey you on almost nothing, but they do seem to believe in your politics until they're adolescent. So giving kids the vote is really just a way of giving parents extra votes. And what can stop us having even more children, once there's so much enfranchisement (选举权) in it for us? Now, if parents could be trusted to use their influence wisely, and hammer into children the politics it will take to assure a better future, then I wouldn't necessarily have a problem with that, apart from, obviously, that culture is already wildly twisted towards parents, and I can imagine a few non-parents boiling with fierce anger. But that's not worth talking about anyway, because parents can't be trusted, otherwise we'd all already vote Green(绿党).

In short: no, six-year-olds should not get the vote; but while we're here, if any votes come up in the near future, which will have an impact on the next five decades of British political life, alongside EU migrants, 16-year-olds certainly should be enfranchised.

（1）The author refers to his age of adulthood to prove that ________.

A. certain rights are granted at different stages of life

B. there's a common standard for the age of adulthood

C. people mature at different rates in various aspects

D. a credit card is more difficult to get than the vote

（2）People reject David Runciman's proposal because ________.

A. they believe children are far from mature in many ways

B. they are uncertain whether children can assume responsibility

C. they know the age to get the vote is not to be questioned

D. they don't think a child can grow into adulthood earlier

（3）What is the base for David Runciman's argument?

A. Public ignorance of children's abilities.

B. Inequalities of opportunity.

C. A cultural preference for the old.

D. The imbalance in political life.

（4）The author talks about his kid to indicate that ________.

A. children are in favor of a just society and tend to be idealistic

B. children are innocent and don't want to be involved in politics

C. children are simple-minded and can fall for an adult's trick

D. children are good-natured and like to help people in need

（5）The author thinks allowing children the vote may lead to ________.

A. twisted culture

B. parents' objections

C. misuse of rights

D. unusual maturation （6）What is the main point of the passage?

A. There is a difference between adults and children.

B. Allowing children the vote is not altogether absurd.

C. The definition of adulthood is quite controversial.

D. Parents should introduce politics to their children.

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）D

（4）A

（5）C

（6）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了儿童成熟的速度是不同，所以作者认为允许儿童投票的提议并不完全是荒谬的，如果将对未来50年的英国政治生活产生影响，16岁的孩子应该被授予选举权。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Indeed, maturat ion happens at varying speeds across different categories within the same individual, so I'd say I was easily old enough to vote at 16, but nobody should have given me a credit card until I was 32, and I've got the county court judgment to prove it.”可知，作者以他的成熟年龄来证明人们在各个方面的成熟速度是不一样的。故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Nobody would say that a six-year-old could be held criminally responsible, could be sent to war, could be capable of consent, could be given responsibility for anything.”没人说6岁的孩子会被追究刑事责任，会被送上战场，会有同意的能力，会被赋予任何责任。由此推断，人们拒绝David Runciman的提议是因为他们认为孩子在很多方面还不够成熟，不能被赋予相应的责任。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Runciman's argument is that this is the only way to rebalance political life”可知，Runciman论点的基础是，这是重新平衡政治生活的唯一途径，即政治生活的不平衡导致他提出这个提议。故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第四段中的“My kid, when he was six, made quite a forceful case against private property, on the basis that, since everybody needed a house, they shouldn't cost money, because nobody would want anyone else not to have one. Also, food should be free. It was a kind of pre-Marx communism, where you limit the coverage of the market to only those things that you wouldn't mind someone else not having.”可知，孩子反对私有财产，因为他们觉得每个人需要房子，他们不应该花钱买房，此外食物也应该是免费的，这是一种前马克思共产主义的想法，由此可推测孩子更加公平，更期待理想社会。故选A。

（5）考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的“So giving kids the vote is r eally just a way of giving parents extra votes.”可知，给孩子投票权其实只是给父母额外投票权的一种方式，由此推断作者认为给孩子投票权可能会导致投票权的滥用。故选C。

（6）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段“In short: no, six-year-olds should not get the vote; but while we're here, if any votes come up in the near future, which will have an impact on the next five decades of British political life, alongside EU migrants, 16-year-olds certainly should be enfranchised.”可知，作者认为6岁的孩子不应该获得选举权，但是如果将来有任何会影响英国以及欧盟移民未来50年政治生活的投票出现话，16岁的孩子应该被赋予选举权，由此可知作者认为儿童被赋予选举权并不完全是荒谬的。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

Gemini Man

Gemini Man is a big-budget Hollywood sci-fi-action movie based on an original concept, rather than on a superhero comic or an old TV series, even though this particular original concept is more 20 years old. In it a government assassin (杀手)is being hunted down by his own clone The original script was sold by Darren Lemke to a studio in 1997, and since then almost every male A-listener has been attached as a potential star. Now, at long last, Ang Lee has directed Gemini Man, and Will Smith plays both the veteran assassin and his much younger doppelganger (分身).

Jojo Rabbit

During World War Two, a 10-year-old German boy (Roman Griffin David) is desperate to be a dutiful Nazi, only to discover that his mother (Scarlett Johansson) is hiding, a Jewish girl (Thomasin McKenzie) in their house. It may not sound like the stuff of a big-hearted comedy but Taika Waititi can make anything warm and funny. As well as writing and directing Jojo Rabbit, Waititi co-stars as the boy's imaginary friend,a nitwitted Adolf Hitler.

Doctor Sleep

Mike Flanag's new film is adapted from Stephen King, novel, Doctor Sleep, which was a sequel (续集) to The Shining. You can expect to see blood flowing out of lifts in a rapid stream, ghostly twin girls and headache-including carpet patterns. Ewan McGregor stars as Danny Torrance, the boy with psychic powers m 1980 film. Now, he is a middle-aged hospital counsellor. Maleficent: Mistress of Evil

Here's another chance to see Angelina Jolie. In 2014 she starred in Maleficent, Disney's live-action remake of the Sleeping Beauty cartoon from 1959. The twist was that the eponymous wicked fairy wasn't so wicked, after all, and that the real villain was the father of Princess Aurora (Elle Fanning). The sequel's subtitle promises that Maleficent will actually be evil this time around, her change of heart prompted by Aurora's engagement to handsome prince (Harris Dickinson).（1）What can we learn from this passage?

A. Ewan McGregor plays a role in Doctor Sleep.

B. Taika Waititi is the main character in Jojo Rabbit.

C. Gemini Man is adapted from a 20-yem--old TV series.

D. The real wicked character in Maleficent: Mistress of Evil is Aurora.

（2）If your friend wants to see a horror movie, which one will you recommend?

A. Gemini Man

B. Jojo Babbit

C. Doctor Sleep

D. Maleficent: Mistress of Evil

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四部电影。

（1）考查细节理解。根据Doctor Sleep部分中的“Ewan McGregor stars as Danny Torrance, the boy with psychic powers in 1980 film.”可知Ewan McGregor在电影Doctor Sleep扮演Danny Torrance的角色。故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。根据Doctor Sleep部分中的“You can expect to see blood flowing out of lifts in a rapid stream, ghostly twin girls and headache-including carpet patterns.”可知电影里有血腥场景，可怕的双胞胎姐妹和让人头痛的地毯图案，故推测喜欢看恐怖电影的人，会选择Doctor Sleep这部电影。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

Hi, I'm Neil Harbisso. I come from a place where the sky is always grey, where flowers are always grey, and where television is still in black and white.

I actually come from a world where color doesn't exist. I was born with achromatopsia. I was born completely color-blind. So I've never seen color, and don't know what it looks like. But since the age of 21, I can hear color thanks to a magic electronic eye called "eyeborg": a color sensor between my eyes connected to a chip(芯片) installed at the back of my head that transforms color frequencies into sound frequencies that I hear through my bone.

I've had the electronic eye permanently attached to my head and I've been listening to colors nonstop since 2004. So I find it completely normal now to hear colors all the time.

Since I started to hear color, my life has changed significantly. Art galleries have become concert halls. I can hear a Picasso. And supermarkets have become like night clubs. I love how they sound.

My sense of beauty has changed. Someone might look very beautiful but sound terrible, and someone might sound very harmonious but look awful. So I find it really exciting to create sound portraits(画像) of people. Instead of drawing the shape of someone's face I write down the different notes I hear when I look at them, and then I send them an mp3 of their face. Each face sounds different. I can even give face concerts now, concerts where I play the audience's faces. The good thing about doing this is that if the concert doesn't sound good, it's their fault.

I also found out that things I thought were colorless are not colorless at all. Cities are not grey. Lisbon is yellow turquoise(宝石绿); London is very golden red…and humans are not black and white. Human skins range from light shades of orange to very dark shades of orange. We are all orange.

If we extend our senses, we will consequently extend our knowledge.

（1）We can infer from the article that people with achromatopsia ____________.

A. suffer from blindness

B. have a good sense of colors

C. are not able to see colors

D. like to go to concert halls and supermarkets （2）What does the author mean by saying "Art galleries have become concert halls"?

A. Art galleries have been changed into various sounds.

B. Works at the art galleries are created by great musicians.

C. Art galleries are filled with noisy people.

D. The author now likes art galleries as much as concert halls.

（3）Which of the following statements is NOT correct?

A. Neil developed a rare disease in his childhood.

B. The eyeborg produces sounds based on shades of colors.

C. Neil will use the eyeborg for the rest of his life.

D. In Neil's mind, all people are orange.

（4）What is the best title for the passage?

A. Eyeborg–a real life saver.

B. I listen to color.

C. Sense the world.

D. Art galleries turned into concert halls.

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，从小患有色盲的作者，利用颜色传感器来听自己看不见的颜色，从而形成了作者与众不同的美感。作者认为如果我们扩展我们的感官，我们将因此扩展我们的知识。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“I actually come from a world where color doesn't exist.

I was born with achromatopsia. I was born completely color-blind.”我来自一个没有颜色的世界。我生来患有色盲。我生来就是色盲。可推断，患有色盲的人是看不见颜色的。故选C。

（2）考查句义猜测。根据第四段中的“Since I started to hear color, my life has changed significantly.”自从我开始听到颜色，我的生活发生了巨大的变化；以及空后“I can hear a Picasso.”我能听见毕加索的声音。可知作者说"艺术画廊变成了音乐厅"意思是对作者来说，艺术画廊已经变成了各种各样的声音。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“I actually come from a world where color does n't exist.

I was born with achromatopsia. I was born completely color-blind.”我来自一个没有颜色的世界。我生来患有色盲。我生来就是色盲。可知A选项"尼尔小时候得了一种罕见的疾病。"错误。故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第三段中的“I've had the electronic eye permanently attached to my head and I've been listening to colors nonstop since 2004. So I find it completely normal now to hear colors all the time.”我把电子眼固定在头上，从2004年开始我就不停地听彩色音乐。所以我发现现在一直听到颜色是完全正常的。以及文章主要内容为生来是色盲的作者讲述自己听颜色的事情，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行

分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

According to a team of researchers, an animal's ability to perceive(感知)time is linked to their pace of life.

"Our results lend support to the importance of time perception in animals where the ability to perceive time in a very short time may be the difference between life and death for fast moving creatures." commented lead author Kevin Healy from Trinity College Dublin.

The study was done with a variety of animals using phenomenon based on the maximum speed of flashes of light an individual can see before the light source is seen as constant. Dogs, for example, have eyes with a refresh rate higher than humans.

One example of this phenomenon at work, the authors say, is the housefly and its ability to avoid being hit. The research showed flies "observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve, "which allows them to avoid being hit.

Professor Graeme Ruxton of the University of St Andrews in Scotland, who worked jointly on the research project, said in a statement, "Having eyes that send updates to the brain at much higher frequencies than our eyes do is of no value if the brain cannot process that information equally quickly. Thus, this work highlights the impressive abilities of even the smallest animal brains. Flies might not be deep thinkers, but they can make good decisions very quickly."

In comparison, the tiger beetle(虎甲虫)runs faster than its eyes can keep up, basically becoming blind, which requires it to stop periodically to re-evaluate its prey's(猎物)position.

Our results suggest that time perception offers an as yet unstudied dimension along which animals can specialize and there is considerable range to study this system in more detail.

（1）What is the research mentioned in the passage mainly about？

A. Pace of life of animals.

B. Impressive abilities of animals.

C. Lifetime of small animals.

D. Time perception of animals.

（2）What does Kevin Healy's comment mean in Para.2？

A. The survival of fast moving animals relies on their ability to perceive time.

B. Animals with quicker pace of life have better perception of time.

C. The ability of animals to perceive time depends on their high moving speed.

D. Animals with poor ability of time perception have a shorter life.

（3）Why can houseflies avoid being hit?

A. They can think very deeply before they act.

B. They can process the information as quickly as they receive it.

C. They can fly much faster than their eyes can keep up.

D. They can send information to brain more quickly than to their eyes.

（4）What will a tiger beetle have to do to catch a moving prey?

A. Slow down to gain its time perception.

B. Prevent itself from becoming blind.

C. Stop occasionally to spot the prey again.

D. Try to run as fast as it can.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了对动物时间感知的研究。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“According to a team of researchers，an animal's ability to perceive（感知）time is linked to th eir pace of life.”可知，据一组研究人员称，动物感知时间的能力与它们的生活节奏有关，由此可知，文中提到的这个研究是关于动物的时间感知的，故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“the importance of time perception in animals where the ability to perceive time in a very short time may be the difference between life and death for fast m oving creatures.”可知，对于能快速移动的动物而言，在极短的时间内感知时间的能力可能是生与死的区别，由此可知，Kevin Healy说的意思是快速移动的动物的生存依赖于它们对时间的感知能力，故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The research showed flies ‘observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve，’which allows them to avoid being hit.”可知，家蝇观察物体运动的时间比我们人眼所能达到的时间要短，这使得它们能够避免被击中；再结合第五段中的“but they can make good decisions very quickly.”可知，它们可以很快做出好的决定，也就是说它们可以尽快处理收到的信息，故选B。

（4）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“the tiger beetle（虎甲虫）runs faster than its eyes can keep up，basically becoming blind，which requires it to stop periodically to re-evaluate its prey's（猎物）position”可知，虎甲虫的移动比眼睛快，基本上是盲目的，这就要求它不时地停下来，重新评估猎物的位置，由此可知，为了抓住移动的猎物，虎甲虫需要不时地停下来确定猎物的位置，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

The idea that computers have some amount of "intelligence" is not new, says Ralph Haupter, the president of Microsoft Asia, pointing as far back as 1950 when computer pioneer Alan Turing asked whether machines can think. "So it has taken nearly 70 years for the right combination of factors to come together to move AI from concept to reality," says Haupter.

It is predicted that the development of artificial intelligence will be the story of the coming generations, not just the coming year, but as 2019 gets underway, you'll find AI will begin to touch your life in many ways according to some researchers.

"Personal assistant AIs will keep getting smarter. As our personal assistants learn more about our daily routines, I can imagine the day I need not to worry about preparing dinner. My AI knows what I like to eat, which days of the week I like to cook at home, and makes sure that when I get back from work all my groceries are waiting at my doorstep, ready for me to prepare that delicious meal I had been longing for." ---Alecjandro Troccoli, senior research scientist, NVIDIA. "Thanks to AI, the face will be the new credit card, the new driver's license and the new barcode (条形码). Facial recognition is already completely transforming security with biometric

capabilities being adopted, and seeing how technology and business are connected, like Amazon is with Whole Foods, I can see a near future where people will no longer need to stand in line at the store." ---Georges Nahon, president, Orange Institute, a global research laboratory.

"2019 will be the year AI becomes real for medicine. By the end of the year we're seeing solutions for population health, hospital operations and a broad set of clinical specialties quickly follow behind." ---Mark Michalski, executive director, Massachusetts General Hospital.

（1）What can we know about AI from the first two paragraphs?

A. People didn't expect AI to develop so rapidly.

B. The idea of AI just came up recently.

C. The concept of AI was put forward by Ralph Haupter.

D. It took more than 70 years to turn the concept into reality.

（2）Who sees the future of AI doing housework instead of human being?

A. Alan Turing.

B. Georges Nahon.

C. Mark Michalski.

D. Alejandro Troccoli.（3）What is Georges Nahon's job?

A. Executive director of a hospital.

B. President of a research laboratory.

C. Chairman of an energy corporation.

D. Chief operating officer of a newspaper.

（4）How is the passage developed?

A. By explaining cause and effect.

B. By presenting research results.

C. By listing some predictions.

D. By describing personal experiences.

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过Alecjandro Troccoli，Georges Nahon以及Mark Michalski对人工智能未来将应用于的领域进行预测和说明。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”It is predicted that the development of artificial intelligence will be the story of the coming generations, not just the coming year, but as 2019 gets underway, you'll find AI will begin to touch your life in many ways according to some researchers.“据预测，人工智能的发展将成为未来几代人的故事，而不仅仅是未来的一年，但随着2019年的到来，你会发现人工智能将开始在许多方面影响你的生活。可知从前两段我们可以了解到人们没想到人工智能会发展得这么快。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”My AI knows what I like to eat, which days of the week I like to cook at home, and makes sure that when I get back from work all my groceries are waiting at my doorstep, ready for me to prepare that delicious meal I had been longing for." ---Alecjandro Troccoli, senior research scientist, NVIDIA.“我的人工智能知道我喜欢吃什么，一周中的哪几天我喜欢在家做饭，并确保当我下班回家时，所有的杂货都在门口等着我，为我准备好我一直渴望的美味佳肴。——Alecjandro Troccoli，NVIDIA的高级研究科学家。可知Alecjandro Troccoli能预见人工智能代替人类做家务的未来。故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的”Georges Nahon, president, Orange Institute, a global research laboratory.“Georges Nahon，全球研究实验室奥兰治研究所主任。可知

Georges Nahon的工作是研究实验室的主任。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。第三、四和五段分别为Alecjandro Troccoli预测人工智能代替人类做家务的未来；Georges Nahon预测人脸识别将和商业结合在一起以及Mark Michalski对人工智能应用于医学的预测，可知这篇文章是通过列举一些预测进行论述展开的。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

As winter set in, it's the perfect time to get out of town and escape the seasonal mood disorder. Here are vacation ideas to adopt now.

Costa Rica

Costa Rica, located in the Valle del General, is an off-the-radar agriculture town that's not overrun with tourists. The area is known for its coffee, pineapples and sugar cane plantations, as well as its rich forests. What's more, you can enjoy horseback riding, spend afternoons at the spa or tour a nearby wildlife shelter to look out for colorful birds, sloths and other animals.

Los Cabos, Mexico

If you love wine, travel to Los Cabos, a beautiful vacation destination at the southern edge of the Baja Peninsula. During your getaway, you can enjoy special wine tastings and dinner cooked by Los Cabos's Michelin-starred chef. There are wildlife-viewing opportunities, too. From December through May, you can spot whales, manta rays and more wildlife.

Petit St Vincent, the Grenadines

This private Caribbean island was spared the anger of hurricanes Irma and Maria. What's more, the whole island is only 115 acres and has 22 cottages. Each cottage is located in a quiet place, and you can expect to unplug and recharge phones with no wireless connections, televisions or telephones in the cottages. Even better, you can spend your days admiring fascinating marine (海洋的) life at the Jean-Michel Cousteau Diving Caribbean center.

The Exumas, Bahamas

On Fowl Cay's 50-acre private island, you can enjoy a carefree escape. Days can be spent fishing, boating and diving before wandering along white sands. The resort features large one-, two- and three-bedroom houses. Best of all, if you're planning a group getaway or multigenerational trip, you rent the entire island for a one-of-a-kind island escape.

（1）Why does the author recommend these places to readers?

A. To escape from extreme weather.

B. To experience out-of-town sights.

C. To beat winter blues.

D. To treat mental diseases.

（2）What do we know about Petit St Vincent?

A. It suffered from Irma and Maria.

B. It's a huge and quiet island.

C. People can admire fish off shore.

D. People can charge phones using wireless connections

（3）Where can Tom best go with his grandparents and parents?

A. Los Cabos, Mexico.

B. Petit St Vincent, the Grenadines.

C. Costa Rica.

D. The Exumas, Bahamas.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了冬天来临之时，适合外出度假的一些地点。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“As winter set in, it's the perfect time to get out of town and escape the seasonal mood disorder.”随着冬天的到来，这是走出小镇，摆脱季节性情绪障碍的最佳时机。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据Petit St Vincent， the Grenadines部分中的“This private Caribbean island was spared the anger of hurricanes Irma and Maria．”这个私人的加勒比岛幸免于飓风伊尔玛和玛丽亚，可知选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据The Exumas， Bahamas部分的“Best of all， if you're planning a group getaway or multigenerational trip，you rent the entire island for a one﹣of﹣a﹣kind island escape．”最重要的是，如果你正在计划一次集体出游或多代人旅行，你就可以租整个岛，以获得独一无二的岛屿之旅，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读理解

"What kind of rubbish are you?" This question might normally cause anger, but in Shanghai it was brought about weary complaints over the past few months. On July 1st, the city introduced strict rubbish-sorting regulations that are expected to be used as a model for our country. Citizens must divide their waste into four separate categories and put it into specific public bins. They must do so at scheduled times, when monitors are present to ensure that rules are obeyed and to examine the nature of one's rubbish.

Violators could be hit with fines of up to 200 yuan ($29). For repeat violators, the city can add black marks to their credit records, making it harder for them to obtain hank loans or even buy train tickets.

Shanghai authorities are responding to obvious environmental problem. It produces 9 million tons of garbage a year. But like other cities in china, it lacks a recycling system. Instead, it has relied on rubbish pickers to pick out whatever can be reused. This has limits. As people get wealthier, fewer of them want to do such dirty work. The waste, meanwhile, just keeps piling up. China produces 80 billion pairs of one-off chopsticks a year.

Many citizens appear to support the idea of recycling in general but are frustrated by the details. Rubbish must be divided according to whether it is food, recyclable, dry or hazardous(有害的), the distinctions among which can be confusing, though there are apps to help work it out. Some have complained about the rules surrounding food waste. They must put it straight in the required public bin, forcing them to tear open plastic bags and toss(投掷）it by hand, Most annoying are the short periods for throwing trash, typically a couple of hours, morning and evening. Along with the monitors at the bins, this means that people go at around the same time

and can keep an eye on what is being thrown out; no one wants to look bad.

（1）What's the purpose of Paragraph 1?

A. To complain about rubbish dividing.

B. To explain the four categories of the waste.

C. To introduce the rules on waste sorting.

D. To show the goal of rubbish, sorting regulations.

（2）What does the underlined word "Violators" in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A. People who don't pay for train tickets.

B. People who argue with the monitors.

C. People who obtain bank loans.

D. People who are against the regulations.

（3）What makes the citizens upset most about the rules?

A. Complex distinction among the four categories of rubbish.

B. Short scheduled time for tossing rubbish.

C. Being observed by monitors when throwing the garbage.

D. Being fined when blamed due to improper behavior.

（4）What can be the best title for the text?

A. A Restart of Waste-sorting

B. A New Age of Garbage Classification

C. Learning to Classify Rubbish

D. Rubbish-sorting Benefits the World

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）B

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了7月1日上海市出台的垃圾分类规定，有望成为我国的一个典范。文章说明了垃圾分类规定的部分内容以及违反者将面临的处罚，这项政策出台的原因是上海日益增多的垃圾，以及居民们对此政策的看法和态度。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Citizens must divide their waste into four separa te categories and put it into specific public bins. They must do so at scheduled times, when monitors are present to ensure that rules are obeyed and to examine the nature of one's rubbish.”市民必须将垃圾分为四类，并将其放入特定的公共垃圾箱。他们必须在规定的时间这样做，当监督员在场时，以确保规则得到遵守，并检查垃圾的性质。可知主要是在说明垃圾分类的相关规定，故第一段的目的是介绍垃圾分类的规则。故选C。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“They could be hit with fines of up to 200 yuan ($29).”他们将面临最高200元(29美元)的罚款。可推测他们此处指违反垃圾分类规定的人们，故划线单词意思为“违反规定的人”，故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Most upset are the short windows for throwing trash, typic ally a couple of hours, morning and evening.”最让人心烦的是扔垃圾的短暂开放期，通常是早上和晚上的几个小时，可知，扔垃圾的时间很短让居民对这些规定最不满。故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“On July 1st, the city introduced strict trash-sorting regulations that are expected to be used as a model for our country. Residents must divide their waste into four separate kinds and put it into specific public bins. They must do so at scheduled

times, when monitors are present to ensure compliance and to inquire into the nature of one's rubbish.”7月1日，该市出台了严格的垃圾分类规定，有望成为我国的一个典范。居民必须

将他们的垃圾分成四类，并将其放入特定的公共垃圾箱。他们必须在规定的时间这样做，

当监督员在场时，以确保遵守和调查一个人的垃圾的性质）以及文章主要内容围绕着上海

垃圾分类规定标志着一个垃圾分类的新时代的开始而展开，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一

篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分

析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

11．阅读理解

The picture of George Washington is on the one-dollar bill. He served as American's first president from 1789 to 1797. President Washington has been called the "Father of his country."

The third president of the United States, Thomas Jefferson, is on the two-dollar bill. He was the main writer of the Declaration of independence in 1776. Jefferson was one of the most influential

of the nation's Founding Fathers. He was also a plant expert, architect, musician and inventor.

Another of American's greatest presidents, Abraham Lincoln, is on the five-dollar bill. He served

as the sixteenth president from 1861 until 1865. He successfully led the country through the Civil War, saved the Union and ended slavery.

The picture of Alexander Hamilton appears on the ten-dollar bill. Hamilton was never president.

But he was the first Secretary of the Treasury and one of the Founding Fathers. He was also an economist and political philosopher.

Andrew Jackson was the seventh president, serving from 1829 to 1837. He supported popular democracy and individual liberty. His picture is on the twenty-dollar bill.

Another president is on the fifty-dollar bill. Ulysses S. Grant served from 1869 to 1877. Before serving as president, Grant was military commander of Union forces during the Civil War. Under

his command, the Union Army defeated Confederate forces.

So who do you think is on the one hundred-dollar bill? It is Benjamin Franklin. Franklin was never elected president, but was one of the Founding Fathers. He was also a leading writer and printer, political thinker, politician, postmaster, scientist, inventor, civil activist, and diplomat.

These American statesmen are on the front of the bills. The backs of the notes show images

from nation's history or famous places. They are in order, the Great Seal of the United States, the signing of Declaration of Independence and the Lincoln Memorial. The others are the Treasury Building, the White House, the Capitol Building and independence Hall.

（1）The design of the bills shows that Americans values their people's__________ .

A. talents in many ways

B. success in their careers

C. inventions in new fields

D. contributions to the country

（2）For hundreds of years, those historic men on the bills fought for the nation's ____________.

A. economy and power

B. independence and democracy

C. wealth and success

D. faith and glory

（3）Which of the following might be the best title for the text?

A. Men on the Money

B. the Design of US Bills

C. History on the Money

D. the Story of US Bills

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了各种面值的美元纸币上伟大人物，以及他们对国家所做出的贡献。

（1）考查推理判断。文章在描述每一种面值的纸币上的人物时，都着重描写他们对国家的作用与影响，George Washington是第一任总统，Thomas Jefferson独立宣言的主要起草者，Abraham Lincoln结束内战，废除奴隶制，Alexander Hamilton第一个财政部长和开国元勋之一，Andrew Jackson支持大众民主和个人自由，Benjamin Franklin开国元勋之一，从而可判断美国人民看重的是伟人对这个国家做出的贡献。故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“President Washington has been called the ‘Father of his country.’"；第二段中的“Jefferson was one of the most influential of the nation's Founding Fathers.”及下文对美元上其他人物的介绍可知，文章中提到的这些历史上著名的人物，无论是独立战争，美国内战，还是独立宣言的起草与签署都反映出他们为争取国家的独立与民主所做出的努力与牺牲。故选B。

（3）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“The picture of George Washington is on the one-dollar bill.第二段中的The third president of the United States, Thomas Jefferson, is on the two-dollar bill.”及下文各段的段首句可知，本文主要描述了各种面值的美元纸币上伟大人物，以及他们对国家所做出的贡献。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

12．（2019?江苏）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Who cares if people think wrongly that the Internet has had more important influences than the washing machine? Why does it matter that people are more impressed by the most recent changes?

It would not matter if these misjudgments were just a matter of people's opinions. However, they have real impacts, as they result in misguided use of scarce resources.

The fascination with the ICT (Information and Communication Technology) revolution, represented by the Internet, has made some rich countries wrongly conclude that making things is so "yesterday" that they should try to live on ideas. This belief in "post-industrial society" has led those countries to neglect their manufacturing sector (制造业) with negative consequences for their economies.

Even more worryingly, the fascination with the Internet by people in rich countries has moved the international community to worry about the "digital divide" between the rich countries and the poor countries. This has led companies and individuals to donate money to developing countries to buy computer equipment and Internet facilities. The question, however, is whether this is what the developing countries need the most. Perhaps giving money for those less

fashionable things such as digging wells, extending electricity networks and making more affordable washing machines would have improved people's lives more than giving every child a laptop computer or setting up Internet centres in rural villages, I am not saying that those things are necessarily more important, but many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without carefully assessing the relative long-term costs and benefits of alternative uses of their money.

In yet another example, a fascination with the new has led people to believe that the recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a "borderless world". As a result, in the last twenty years or so, many people have come to believe that whatever change is happening today is the result of great technological progress, going against which will be like trying to turn the clock back. Believing in such a world, many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross-border flows of capital, labour and goods, with poor results.

Understanding technological trends is very important for correctly designing economic policies, both at the national and the international levels, and for making the right career choices at the individual level. However, our fascination with the latest, and our under valuation of what has already become common, can, and has, led us in all sorts of wrong directions.

（1）Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to ________.

A. a lack of confidence in technology

B. a slow progress in technology

C. a conflict of public opinions

D. a waste of limited resources

（2）The example in Paragraph 4 suggests that donators should ________.

A. take people's essential needs into account

B. make their programmes attractive to people

C. ensure that each child gets financial support

D. provide more affordable internet facilities

（3）What has led many governments to remove necessary regulations?

A. Neglecting the impacts of technological advances.

B. Believing that the world has become borderless.

C. Ignoring the power of economic development.

D. Over-emphasizing the role of international communication.

（4）What can we learn from the passage?

A. People should be encouraged to make more donations.

B. Traditional technology still has a place nowadays.

C. Making right career choices is crucial to personal success.

D. Economic policies should follow technological trends.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了对信息技术的过分迷恋对国家，对个人，对慈善事业都会有不利的影响。

（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However, they have reak impacts, as they r esult in