语法术语英汉对照表
语法术语英汉对照表A
active voice 主动态ability 能力absolute construction 独立结构abstract noun 抽象名词adjective 形容词adjunct 修饰性状语adverb 副词
adverb of degree 程度副词adverb of frequency 频度副词adverb of manner 方式副词adverb of place 地点副词adverb of time 时间副词adverbial 状语副词adverbial clause of cause 原因状语分句adverbial clause of concession 让步状语分句adverbial clause of condition 条件状语分句adverbial clause of manner 方式状语分句adverbial clause of place 地点状语分句adverbial clause of purpose 目的状语分句adverbial clause of result 结果状语分句adverbial clause of time 时间状语分句adverb phrase 副词词组affix 词缀allomorph 词素变体alternative form 替换形式alternative question 选择疑问句attachment rule 依着法则analytic form 分析形式anaphoric reference 后照应anaphoric specific reference 后照应特指antecedent 先行项anticipatory “it”先行“it”antonym 反义词
appropriacy 同位语
aspect 体
assertive word 肯定词
attribute 定语
attributive clause 定语从句
auxiliary verb 助动词
B
bare infinitive 不带to不定式
basic clause type 分句基本类型/基本句型basic form 基本形式
be-passive be-型被动态
be-subjunctive be-型虚拟式
bound morpheme 粘附词素
bound root 粘附词根
C
cardinal numeral 基数词
case 格
cataphoric reference 前照应
cataphoric specific reference 前照应特指
central adjective 中心形容词
central determiner 中位限定词
clausal substitution 分句性替代
clause 分句
clause element 分句成分
cleft sentence 分裂句
coherence 封闭词类
coherence 连贯性
cohesion 粘着性
collective noun 集体名词
command 祈使句
common gender 通性
common noun 普通名词communicative function 交际功能comparative clause 比较分句comparative construction 比较结构
comparative degree 比较级comparative reference 比较照应complementation 补足成分complex clause 复杂分句complex preposition 复杂介词complex sentence 复杂句complex subordinator 复杂从属连词complex verb phrase 复杂动词词组compound adjective 复合形容词compound adverb 复合副词compound-complex sentence 并列复杂句compound conjunction 复合连词compound noun 复合名词compound preposition 复合介词compound pronoun 复合代词compound sentence 并列句compound verb 复合动词compound word 复合词concord / agreement 一致conditional 条件句conjunction 连词conjunctive adverb 连接副词conjunct 连接性状语content word 实义词contracted form 缩略形式contrastive meaning 对比含义coordinate element 并列成分coordinate construction 并列结构coordinated subject 并列结构作主语coordinator 并列连词coreference pro-form 指代词correctness 正确性correlative coordinator 关联并列连词correlative subordinator 关联从属连词count noun 可数名词
D
dangling participle 悬垂分词
definite article 定冠词
definite quantity 确定数量
definite specific reference 确定特指demonstrative determiner 指示限定词demonstrative pronoun 指示代词dependent clause 附属分句derivational affix 派生词缀derivative 派生词derivative adverb 派生副词derivative noun 派生名词determinative genitive 限定词性属格代词determiner 限定词
direct speech 直接引语discontinuous modification 分隔修饰disjunct 评注性状语double genitive 双重属格
double negative 双重否定
double relative 双重关系分句dynamic adjective 动态形容词dynamic verb 动态动词
E
earlier time 先时性
-ed participle -ed分词
-ed participle clause -ed分词分句ellipsis 省略
embedded relative 嵌入式关系分句emphasizer 强调词
emphatic use 强调性用法empty “it”虚义“it”
end focus 句尾焦点
end weight 句尾重心exclamation 感叹句existential sentence 存在句
explanatory adverb 解说副词
F
feminine gender 阴性
finite clause 限定分句finite verb 限定动词finite verb phrase 限定动词词组first person 第一人称focal element 中心成份four-word preposition 四词介词fraction numeral 分数词
free morpheme 自由词素free root 自由词根fronting 前置
full sentence 完全句function word 功能词
G
gender 性
general question 一般疑问句genitive case 属格genitive noun 名词属格genitive pronoun 属格代词generic reference 类指
gerund 动名词
get-passive get-型被动态gradable 可等级的gradable adjective 可等级形容词gradable noun 可等级名词grammatical concord 语法一致grammatical connector 语法纽带
H
head / headword 中心词historic present 历史性现在时I
imperative mood 祈使式indefinite article 不定冠词
indefinite determiner 不定限定词indefinite quantity 非确定数量indefinite pronoun 不定代词indefinite specific reference 非确定特指independent clause 独立分句independent genitive 独立属格indicative mood 陈述式indirect speech 间接引语individual noun 个体名词infinite 不定式infinitive clause 不定式分句-ing participle -ing分词
-ing participle clause -ing分词分句inflectional affix 屈折词缀irregular verb 不规则动词insistence 坚持intention 意图interjection 感叹词interrogative determiner 疑问限定词interrogative pronoun 疑问代词inversion 倒装inverted order 倒装词序
K
key word 关键词known / given information 已知信息
L
later time 后时性lexical connector 词汇纽带locative adverbial 地点状语logical connector 逻辑纽带logical subject 逻辑主语
M
main clause 主句
main verb 主动词marginal subordinator 边际从属连词
masculine gender 阳性
material noun 物质名词
minor sentence 不完全句
modal auxiliary 情态助动词modal idiom 情态成语modification 修饰
mood 式
morpheme 词素
morpheme word 单词素词multiple sentence 多重句multiplicative numeral 倍数词
multi-sentence group text 多语段语篇
multi-word preposition 多词介词
multi-word verb 多词动词
N
near-synonym 近义词necessity 必然
neo-classical compound 新古典复合词neuter gender 中性
new information 新信息
nominal clause 名词性成分nominal genitive pronoun 名词性属格代词nominal substitution 名词性替代nominative absolute construction 独立主格结构nominative absolute participial construction 独立主格分词结构non-assertive word 非肯定词
non-count / mass noun 不可数名词
non-finite clause 非限定分句
non-finite verb 非限定动词
non-finite verb phrase 非限定动词词组non-gradable adjective 非等级形容词non-referring “it”非指代性“it”
non-restrictive modifier 非限制性修饰语non-restrictive relative clause 非限制性关系分句normal / natural order 正常/ 自然词序
notional concord 意义一致notional subject 实义主语
noun 名词
noun of common gender 通性名词
noun phrase 名词词组nucleus 调核
number 数
O
objective case 宾格obligation 义务
one-word adjective 单词形容词one-word subordinator 单词从属连词open class 开放词类operator 操作词
ordinal numeral 序数词
P
parallel construction 平行结构paragraph 段落
partial negation 局部否定partitive / unit noun 单位词passive voice 被动态
past participle 过去分词
past perfective 过去完成体past perfective progressive 过去完成进行体past tense 过去时
past tense form 过去时形式perfective aspect 完成体peripheral adjective 外围形容词permission 许可
person 人称
personal pronoun 人称代词phrasal verb 词组动词phrasal-prepositional verb 词组介词动词phrase 词组
plural number 复数
positive / absolute degree 原级possessive case 所有格possessive determiner 物主限定词possessive pronoun 物主代词possibility 可能postdeterminer 后位限定词post-genitive 后置属格postmodifier 后置修饰语postponement 后置predeterminer 前位限定词predicate 谓语predication 述谓成分predictability 预测prediction 预见
prefix 前缀premodifier 前置修饰语proposition 介词prepositional phrase 介词词组prepositional verb 介词动词present participle 现在分词present perfective 现在完成体present perfective progressive 现在完成进行体present tense 现在时present tense form 现在时形式primary auxiliary 基本助动词primary derivative 原形派生词principle of proximity 就近原则
pro-form 替代形式progressive aspect 进行体pronoun 代词
proper noun 专有名词pseudo-cleft sentence 拟似分裂句
Q
quantifier 量词
question 疑问句
0 question tag 附加疑问
quasi-coordinator 近似从属连词
R
real conditional 真实条件句
real subject 真主语
reciprocal pronoun 相互代词
reference 照应，所指
referential meaning 所指意义
reflexive form 反身形式
reflexive pronoun 反身代词
regular verb 规则动词
reinforcement tag 强调附加结构
relative clause 关系分句
relative determiner 关系限定词
relative pronoun 关系代词
relative word 关系词
reporting verb 引述动词
restrictive relative clause 限制性关系分句
restrictive modifier 限制性修饰语
rhetorical question 修辞疑问句
root 词根
S
same time 同时性
second person 第二人称
semi-auxiliary 半助动词
sentence group 语段
simple clause 简单分句
simple adverb 简单副词
simple noun 简单名词
simple past 一般过去时
simple present 一般现在时
simple sentence 简单句
simple subordinator 简单从属连词
simple verb phrase 简单动词词组
simple word 简单词
1 single sentence group text 单语段语篇
single-word verb 单词动词
singular number 单数
situational reference 语境特指
special question 特殊疑问句
specific reference 特指
statement 陈述句
stative adjective 静态形容词
stative verb 静态动词
strong volition 强意志
subject 主语
subjective case 主格
subject-verb concord 主动一致
subjunctive mood 虚拟式
subordinate clause 从句/ 附属分句
subordinate construction 从属结构
subordination 从属
substitution 替代
suffix 后缀
superlative degree 最高级
supporting sentence 辅助句
supporting sentence group 辅助语段
synonym 同义词
synthetic form 综合形式
T
tag question 附加疑问句
temporal adverbial 时间状语
tense 时
text 语篇
third person 第三人称
three-word preposition 三词介词
to-infinitive 带to不定式
topic sentence 主题句
topic sentence group 主题语段
transitional word / phrase 过渡词语
2 two-word preposition 双词介词
U
unattached participle 无依着分词
unemphatic use 非强调性用法
unity 统一性
unit / partitive noun 单位词
unreal conditional 非真实条件句
V
variant form 变体形式
verbal substitution 动词性替代
verbless 无动词分词
verb phrase 动词词组
voice 态/ 语态
volition 意志
W
weak volition 弱意志
were-subjunctive were-型虚拟式
wh-question wh-问句
willingness 意愿
word class 词类
word order 词序
Y
yes-no question 是非问句
Z
zero article 零冠词
《英语语言学》术语(英汉对照)表
语言学术语（英-汉对照）表 Glossary and Index (备注：因教材改版，部分章节标注等内容有出入。) A abbreviation 缩写词，略语3.3.1 Abercrombie 10.3.2 ablative 夺格，离格4.1.1 abstractness 抽象性1.3.2 accent 重音（符）2.4.4；2.4.5 accuracy 正确性11.6.4 accusative 宾格4.1.1 achievement test 成绩测试11.6.3 acoustic phonetics 声学语音学1.7.1；2.1 acquisition 习得6.1.2 acronym 缩略语3.3.1 action process 动作过程12.2.3 actor 动作者4.4.2；12.2.3 addition 添加3.3.2 address form 称呼形式7.2.3 addressee 受话人1.4；9.4.1 addresser 发话人1.4；9.4.1 adjective 形容词3.1.2；4.1.1；5.5.2 adjunct 修饰成分；附加语12.2.3 adverb 副词3.1.2 affix 词缀3.2.1 affix hopping 词缀跳跃4.3.1 affixation词缀附加法7.1.4 affricate 塞擦音2.4.3；2.4.5；2.9.1 agreement 一致关系4.1.3 airstream 气流2 alliteration 头韵9.3.2；9.3.6 allomorph 词/语素变体3.2.4；4.3.1 allophone 音位变体2.8 allophonic variation 音位变体2.8.3
英语语法术语中英文对照
词性 part of speech16)动态动词 event verb 17)静态动词 stage verb1.名词 noun 3.形容词 adjective proper noun1)专有名词 4.2)普通名词 common noun副词 adverb 1)方式副词3)可数名词 countable noun adverb of manner 2)程度副词 adverb of degree4)不可数名词 uncountable noun3)时间副词 abstract noun adverb of time5)抽象名词4)具体名词 concrete noun地点副词 adverb of place6)5)修饰性副词7)物质名词 material noun adjunct 6)连接性副词8)集体名词 collective nounconjunct 7)疑问副词 interrogative adverb individual noun9)个体名词 8)关系副词 relative adverb动词2. verb 5.代词 pronoun transitive verb1)及物动词 1)人称代词2)不及物动词 intransitive verb personal pronoun 2)物主代词 finite verb form3)限定动词 possessive pronoun 3)非限定动词4) non-finite verb form名词性物主代词 nominal possessive pronoun main verb5)主动词 4)形容词性物主代系动词6) link verb 词 adjectival possessive pronoun7)助动词 auxiliary verb5)情态动词8) modal verb反身代词reflexive pronoun 6)指示代词 regular verb规则动词9) demonstrative pronoun 7)疑问代词 interrogative pronoun不规则动词10) irregular verb8) phrasal verb短语动词关系代词 relative pronoun11)9) finite verb限定动词不定代词 indefinite pronoun12)6.13) infinite verb非限定动词冠词 article 1)14)causative verb使役动词定冠词 definite article indefinite article不定冠词2)verb of senses感官动词15)． 7.数词 numeral8.介词 preposition 9.基数词 cardinal numeral连词 conjunction1)10.感叹词 exclamation2)序数词ordinal numeral number/case/gender格//性一、数3.性 gender1.数 number 1)阴性 feminine1)单数形式 singular form2)2)阳性 masculine复数形式 plural form3)中性neuter3)规则形式 regular form4)通性 common irregular form4)不规则形式 4.人称 person格2. case 1)第一人称 first person1)普通格 common case 2)2)所有格 possessive case第二人称 second person 3)第三人称 third person nominative case3)主格宾格4) objective case二、句子成分 members of sentences5)同源宾语 cognate object主语1. subject 5. predicate谓语定语 attribute 2. 6.3.状语表语 predicative adverbial 7.4.宾语同位语 appositive object 8.双宾语1)补语 dual object complement 1)2)主语补足语 direct object直接宾语 subject complement 2)3)宾语补足语 object complement间接宾语 indirect object4)复合宾语 complex object
(完整版)英语语法专业术语
英语语法专业术语 语法grammar 句法syntax 词法morphology 结构structure 层次rank 句子sentence 从句clause 词组phrase 词类part of speech 单词word 实词notional word 虚词structural word 名词noun 专有名词proper noun 普通名词common noun 可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable no 抽象名词abstract noun 具体名词concrete noun 物质名词material noun 集体名词collective noun 个体名词individual noun 介词preposition 连词conjunction 动词verb 主动词main verb 及物动词transitive verb 不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb 助动词auxiliary verb 情态动词modal verb 规则动词regular verb 不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb 限定动词finite verb 非限定动词infinite verb 使役动词causative verb 感官动词verb of senses
动态动词event verb 静态动词state verb 感叹词exclamation 形容词adjective 副词adverb 方式副词adverb of manner 程度副词adverb of degree 时间副词adverb of time 地点副词adverb of place 修饰性副词adjunct 连接性副词conjunct 疑问副词interrogative adverb 关系副词relative adverb 代词pronoun 人称代词personal pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 反身代词reflexive pronoun 相互代词reciprocal pronoun 指示代词demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词interrogative pronoun 关系代词relative pronoun 不定代词indefinite 物主代词possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词nominal possessive 形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun 冠词article 定冠词definite article 不定冠词indefinite article 数词numeral 基数词cardinal numeral 序数词ordinal numeral 分数词fractional numeral 形式form 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form 限定动词finite verb form 非限定动词non-finite verb form
各种语法术语的英文名称
各种语法术语的英文名称名词性从句：Noun Clauses. 语法grammar 句法syntax 词法morphology 结构structure 层次rank 句子sentence 从句clause 词组phrase 词类part of speech 单词word 实词notional word 虚词structural word 单纯词simple word 派生词derivative 复合词compound 词性part of speech 名词noun 专有名词proper noun 普通名词common noun 可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun 具体名词concret noun 物质名词material noun 集体名词collective noun 个体名词individual noun 介词preposition 连词conjunction 动词verb 主动词main verb 及物动词transitive verb 不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb 助动词auxiliary verb 情态动词modal verb 规则动词regular verb
不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb 限定动词finite verb 非限定动词infinite verb 使役动词causative verb 感官动词verb of senses 动态动词event verb 静态动词state verb 感叹词exclamation 形容词adjective 副词adverb 方式副词adverb of manner 程度副词adverb of degree 时间副词adverb of time 地点副词adverb of place 修饰性副词adjunct 连接性副词conjunct 疑问副词interogative adverb 关系副词relative adverb 代词pronoun 人称代词personal pronoun 物主代词possesive pronoun 反身代词reflexive pronoun 相互代词reciprocal pronoun 指示代词demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词interrogative pronoun 关系代词relative pronoun 不定代词indefinite pronoun 物主代词possecive pronoun 名词性物主代词nominal possesive prnoun 形容词性物主代词adjectival possesive pronoun 冠词article 定冠词definite article 不定冠词indefinite article 数词numeral 基数词cardinal numeral 序数词ordinal numeral
英语语法专业术语表达
英语语法专业术语表达 英语语法语语语语表达 1. Morphology 语法 2,Notional Words 语语语3, Form Words 虚语 4,Parts of Speech 语语 5,The Noun 名语 6,The Pronoun 代语 7,The Numeral 数语 8,The Verb 语语 9,The Adjective 形容语 10. The Adverb 副语 11. The Article 冠语 12. The Preposition 介语 13. The conjunction 语语 14. The Interjection 感语语15. The Particle 小品语 16. Word Building 构语法17. Conversion 语化 18. Derivation 派生 19. Composition 合成 20. Prefix 前语 21. Suffix 后语 22. Compound Words 合成语23. Classification of Nouns 名语的分语
24. Common Nouns 普通名语 25. Proper Nouns 语有名语26. Countable Nouns 可名语数27. Uncountable Nouns 不可名语数28. The Singular Form 语形式数29. The Plural Form 语形式数 30. Individual Nouns个体名语31. Collective Nouns集名语体32. Material Nouns物语名语33. Abstract Nouns抽象名语34. The Common Case普通格35. The Possessive Case所有格36, Personal Pronouns 人代语称37. Possessive Pronouns物主代语38. Self Pronouns反身代语39. Demonstrative Pronouns指示代语40. Interrogative Pronouns疑语代语不意达41. Conjunctive Pronouns语接代语42. Relative Pronouns语系代语43. Indefinite Pronouns不定代语44. Reciprocal Pronouns相互代语45. The Subjective Case主格46. The Objective Case语格47. Cardinal Numerals基语数48. Ordinal Numerals 序语数49. Fractional Numerals分语数50,Notional Verbs语意语语 51. Link Verbs语系语语 52. Auxiliary Verbs助语语 53. Modal Verbs情语语语 54. Transitive Verbs及物语语 55. Intransitive Verbs不及物语语56. Regular Verbs语语语语 57. Irregular Verbs不语语语语 58. Person人称 59. Number数 60. Tense语语 61. Voice语语 62. Mood语气
英语语法术语汇总(中英对照)
[2] 英语语法术语汇总（中英对照） 英语语法术语（中英对照） 语法 grammar 句法 syntax 词法 morphology 句子 sentence 从句 clause 词组 phrase 词类 part of speech 单词 word 实词 notional word 虚词 structural word 单纯词simple word 派生词derivative 复合词compound 词性 part of speech 名词 noun 专有名词proper noun 普通名词common noun 可数名词count able noun 不可数名词 uncount able noun 抽象名词 abst ract noun
具体名词concret noun 物质名词 mat erial noun 集体名词collective noun 个体名词individual noun 介词 preposition 连词 conjunction 动词 verb 主动词main verb 及物动词transitive verb 不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb 助动词auxiliary verb 情态动词 modal verb 规则动词regular verb 不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb 限定动词finite verb 非限定动词infinit e verb 使役动词causative verb 感官动词 verb of senses 动态动词 event verb 静态动词st ate verb 感叹词exclamation 形容词adjective
教师资格证英语语法专业术语
语法grammar 句法syntax 结构structure 句子sentence 从句clause 词组phrase 词类part of speech 单词word 实词notional word 虚词structural word 单纯词simple word 派生词derivative 复合词compound 词性part of speech 名词noun 专有名词proper noun 普通名词common noun 可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun 具体名词concret noun 物质名词material noun 集体名词collective noun 个体名词individual noun 介词preposition 连词conjunction 动词verb 及物动词transitive verb 不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb 助动词auxiliary verb 情态动词modal verb 规则动词regular verb 不规则动词irregular verb 限定动词finite verb 非限定动词infinite verb 使役动词causative verb 感官动词verb of senses 感叹词exclamation 形容词adjective 副词adverb 方式副词adverb of manner 程度副词adverb of degree 时间副词adverb of time 地点副词adverb of place 关系副词relative adverb 代词pronoun 人称代词personal pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 反身代词reflexive pronoun 指示代词demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词interrogative pronoun 关系代词relative pronoun 不定代词indefinite pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词nominal possessive pronoun 形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun 冠词article 定冠词definite article 不定冠词indefinite article 形式form 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form 原形base form 从句clause 从属句subordinate clause 并列句coordinate clause 名词从句nominal clause 定语从句attributive clause 状语从句adverbial clause 宾语从句object clause 主语从句subject clause 同位语从句appositive clause 时间状语从句adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句adverbial clause of place 方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner 让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession 原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause 结果状语从句adverbial clause of result 目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose 条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition 句子sentence 简单句simple sentence 并列句compound sentence 复合句complex sentence 并列复合句compound complex sentence 陈述句declarative sentence
常用英语语法术语表 中英
常用英语语法术语表达 语法grammar 句法syntax 词法morphology 结构structure 层次rank 句子sentence 从句clause 词组phrase 词类partofspeech 单词word 实词notionalword 虚词structuralword 单纯词simpleword 派生词derivative 复合词compound 词性part?of?speech 名词?noun? 专有名词?proper?noun? 普通名词?common?noun? 可数名词?countable?noun? 不可数名词?uncountable?noun? 抽象名词?abstract?noun? 具体名词?concrete?noun? 物质名词?material?noun? 集体名词?collective?noun? 个体名词?individual?noun? 介词?preposition? 连词?conjunction? 动词?verb? 主动词?main?verb? 及物动词?transitive?verb? 不及物动词?intransitive?verb? 系动词?link?verb? 助动词?auxiliary?verb? 情态动词?modal?verb? 规则动词?regular?verb? 不规则动词?irregular?verb? 短语动词?phrasal?verb? 限定动词?finite?verb? 非限定动词?infinite?verb? 使役动词?causative?verb
感官动词?verb?of?senses? 动态动词dynamic verb? 静态动词?state?verb? 感叹词?exclamation? 形容词?adjective 副词?adverb? 方式副词?adverb?of?manner? 程度副词?adverb?of?degree? 时间副词?adverb?of?time? 地点副词?adverb?of?place? 修饰性副词adverb of?adjunct? 连接性副词?adverb of conjunct? 疑问副词?interrogative?adverb? 关系副词?relative?adverb 代词?pronoun? 人称代词?personal?pronoun? 物主代词?possessive?pronoun? 反身代词?reflexive?pronoun? 相互代词?reciprocal?pronoun? 指示代词?demonstrative?pronoun? 疑问代词?interrogative?pronoun? 关系代词?relative?pronoun? 不定代词?indefinite?pronoun? 名词性物主代词?nominal?possessive?pronoun? 形容词性物主代词?adjectival?possessive?pronoun? 冠词?article? 定冠词?definite?article 不定冠词?indefinite?article 数词?numeral? 基数词?cardinal?numeral? 序数词?ordinal?numeral? 分数词?fractional?numeral? 形式?form? 单数形式?singular?form? 复数形式?plural?form? 限定动词?finite?verb?form? 非限定动词?non-finite?verb?form? 原形?base?form?
英语语法专业术语表达
active voice 主动语态，passive voice被动语态， absolute construction独立结构， adjective 形容词，adverd 副词，noun名词， verb动词， artical冠词， determiner限定词，quantifier量词，numeral数词， subject主语， object宾语，adverbial状语，attributive定语，complement补语，predicative表语，appositive同位语，infinitive不定式, -ing participle-ing分词, -Ed participle -ed分词，finite clause 限定从属分句，non-finitive clause非限定分句,inversion倒装，adverbial clause状语从句，subject clause主语从句，relative clause/attributive clause定语（关系）从句，从句也可以用clause as subject/object/来表示主语从句、宾语从句 时态：tense语态：voice单数：singular form复数：plural form 主谓一致：agreement of subject and verb 定语从句：attributive clause 名词性从句： noun clause 状语从句：adverbial clause 虚拟语气：subjunctive mood 冠词：article代词：pronoun形容词和副词：adjective & adverb 动词和动词词组：verbs & verb phrase 非谓语动词：Non-Predicate Verbs / Non-Finite verbs
胡壮麟语言学术语英汉对照翻译表_(1)
胡壮麟语言学术语英汉对照翻译表 1. 语言的普遍特征： 任意性arbitrariness 双层结构duality 既由声音和意义结构 多产性productivity 移位性displacement:我们能用语言可以表达许多不在场的东西文化传播性cultural transmission 2。语言的功能： 传达信息功能informative 人济功能：interpersonal 行事功能：Performative 表情功能：Emotive 寒暄功能：Phatic 娱乐功能recreatinal 元语言功能metalingual 3. 语言学linguistics：包括六个分支 语音学Phonetics 音位学phonology 形态学Morphology 句法学syntax 语义学semantics
语用学pragmatics 4. 现代结构主义语言学创始人：Ferdinand de saussure 提出语言学中最重要的概念对之一：语言与言语language and parole ，语言之语言系统的整体，言语则只待某个个体在实际语言使用环境中说出的具体话语 5. 语法创始人：Noam Chomsky 提出概念语言能力与语言运用competence and performance 1. Which of the following statements can be used to describe displacement. one of the unique properties of language: a. we can easily teach our children to learn a certain language b. we can use both 'shu' and 'tree' to describe the same thing. c. we can u se language to refer to something not present d. we can produce sentences that have never been heard befor e. 2.What is the most important function of language? a. interpersonal b. phatic c. informative d.metallingual 3.The function of the sentence "A nice day, isn't it ?"is __ a informative b. phatic c. directive d. performative
语法术语英汉对照表
语法术语英汉对照表(总汇) ■A■ abstract noun 抽象名词 active voice 主动态 adjective 形容词 adjunct 修饰性状语，结合性附加语 adverb 副词 adverbial 状语 adverbial clause of condition 条件状语分句 adverbial clause of purpose 目的状语分句 adverbial clause of cause 原因状语分句 adverbial clause of result 结果状语分句 affix 词缀 agreement／concord 一致关系 alternative question 选择疑问句 anaphoric reference 后照应 antecedent 先行项 aspect 体 assertive word 肯定词 auxiliary verb／auxiliary 助动词 ■B■ basic clause pattern 基本句型 be- passive be-型被动态 be- subjunctive be-型虚拟式 bound morpheme 粘附词素 broad reference 广阔照应 ■C■ cardinal numeral 基数词
cataphoric reference 前照应 central determiner 中位限定词classifier 类别词 clausal ellipsis 分句性省略 clausal substitution 分句性替代 clause 分句，从句 cleft sentence 分裂句 climax 层进法 closed-class word 封闭性词类collective noun 集体名词 command 祈使句 common gender 通性 common noun 普通名词 complement 补语 complex clause 复杂分句 complex object 复杂宾语 complex sentence 复杂句 compound complex sentence 并列复杂句compound sentence 并列句compound word 复合词 coherence 连贯性 cohesion 粘着性 conditional 条件句 conjunct 连接性状语，连接性附加语conjunction 连词 content word 实义词 contextual meaning 上下文意义coordination 并列 Co-reference 共指关系 Co-reference pro-form 指代词countable noun 可数名词
英语语法常用词汇
English grammar terms often used 英语语法常用词语1．Parts of speech 词类 noun 名词pronoun 代词numeral 数词adjective 形容词verb 动词adverb副词article 冠词preposition介词conjunction连词interjection感叹词particle 小品词 2. Word building 构词法 conversion 转化derivation 派生affixation词缀法prefix前缀suffix后缀compound words 合成词 3．Classification of nouns 名词的分类 common nouns普通名词proper nouns 专有名词 individual nouns个体名词collective nouns 集合名词 material nouns 物质名词abstract nouns 抽象名词 countable nouns 可数名词uncountable nouns不可数名词 the singular form 单数形式the plural form 复数形式 the common case 普通格the possessive case 所有格 the subjective case 主格the objective case 宾格 person 人称third person singular 第三人称单数 4. Classification of pronouns 代词的分类 personal pronouns 人称代词possessive pronouns 物主代词 self pronouns 反身代词demonstrative pronouns 指示代词 interrogative pronouns 疑问代词conjunctive pronouns 连接代词 relative pronouns 关系代词reciprocal pronouns 相互代词 indefinite pronouns 不定代词 5．数词、形容词、冠词 cardinal numerals 基数词ordinal numerals 序数词 fractional numerals 分数词the comparative degree 比较级 the superlative degree 最高级The definite article 定冠词 the indefinite article 不定冠词 6．Classification of verbs 动词的分类 national verbs 实义动词link-verbs系动词 auxiliary verbs助动词modal verbs 情态动词 transitive verbs 及物动词intransitive verbs 不及物动词 regular verbs 规则动词irregular verbs 不规则动词 the present forms 现在式the past forms 过去式 the participle 分词the present participle现在分词 the past participle 过去分词the infinitive 不定式 the gerund 动名词bare infinitive 不带to的不定式
常见英语语法速记
常见英语语法速记 一be得用法口诀! 我用am,您用are,is连着她,她,它; 单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。 变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。 变否定,更容易,be后not莫忘记。 疑问否定任您变,句首大写莫迟疑。 二时间名词前所用介词得速记歌 年月周前要用in,日子前面却不行。 遇到几号要用on,上午下午又就是in。 要说某日上下午,用on换in才能行。 午夜黄昏须用at,黎明用它也不错。 at也用在明分前,说“差”可要用上to, 说“过”只可使用past,多说多练牢牢记,莫让岁月空蹉跎。 三记住f(e)结尾得名词复数 妻子持刀去宰狼,小偷吓得发了慌; 躲在架后保己命,半片树叶遮目光。 九个以f(e)结尾得名词。Wife(妻子)。Knife(刀子)、wolf(狼)、thief(小偷)、shelf(架子)、self(自己)、life(生命)、half(一半)、leaf(树叶) 这些名词以f(e)结尾变复数时,将f(e)变v再加es。还有以self结尾得反身代词复数用法也同样,如:myselfourselves、yourselfyourselves。 例外得有serf(农奴)、chief(首领)、belief(信仰)、safe(保险柜)、gulf(海湾),它们以直接加s变为复数形式,另外handkerchief可用两种复数形式:handkerchiefs或handkerchieves。四巧记48个国际音标 单元音共十二,四二六前中后。 双元音也好背,合口集中八个整。 辅音共计二十八,八对一清又七浊, 四个连对也包括。有气无声清辅音, 有声无气浊辅音,发音特点应掌握。 五非谓语动词得一些特殊用法后只接不定式作宾语得一些常用特殊谓语动词动词后,不定式,want, hope与wish, agree, decide, mean, manage, promise, expect, pretend,且说两位算在此, 要记牢,要记住,掌握它们靠自己。 六后接动词不定式做宾语补足语省略不定式符号“to”得一些常用特殊动词一些动词要掌握,have, let与make, 此三动词就是使役,“注意”“观察”“听到”see, 还有feel与watch,使用它们要仔细, 后接“宾补”略去“to”,此点千万要牢记 除此之外,还可以掌握“八字言”, 一感feel,二听hear, listen to,三让have, let , make,四瞧see, look at, observe, watch
语法术语中英文
语法术语中英文 1. Noun (名词) countable uncountable (可数名词、不可数名词) Number of N (名词的数) Irregular plurals (不规则复数) Genitive case of N (名词的所有格) Double genitive (双重所有格) 2. Pronoun （代词） Personal pronoun (人称代词) Possessive pronoun (物主代词) Reflexive pronoun (反身代词) Interrogative pronoun (疑问代词) Indefinite pronoun (不定代词) 3. Numeral (数次) Cardinal 、ordinal numbers (基数词、序数词) Percentage (百分数) Fraction (分数) Decimal (小数) Multiple (倍数) 4. Determiner （限定词） Definite, indefinite, zero articles （定冠词，不定冠词，零冠词） Quantifiers （数量词） 5. Preposition （介词） 6. Adjective （形容词） Attributive 定语 Predicative 表语 Adverb clause equivalent 副词性从句 7. Adverb （副词） Modifier of Adj / Adv / Prep-phrase / N-Phrase / Adverb-clause （形容词、副词、介词短语、副词性从句的修饰语） The comparative and superlative degrees of Adj / Adv （形容词和副词的比较级和最高级）9. Verb classes （动词） Notional verbs（实义动词） Transitive and intransitive verbs （及物动词和不及物动词） Auxiliaries and modal auxiliaries （助动词和情态动词） Semi-auxiliaries （半助动词） Phrasal verbs （短语动词）
语法术语英汉对照表剖析
语法术语英汉对照表 abstract noun 抽象名词 active voice 主动态 adjective 形容词 adjunct 修饰性状语，结合性附加语adverb 副词 adverbial 状语 adverbial clause of condition 条件状语分句adverbial clause of purpose 目的状语分句adverbial clause of cause 原因状语分句adverbial clause of result 结果状语分句affix 词缀 agreement／concord 一致关系alternative question 选择疑问句anaphoric reference 后照应 antecedent 先行项 aspect 体 assertive word 肯定词 auxiliary verb／auxiliary 助动词 basic clause pattern 基本句型 be- passive be-型被动态 be- subjunctive be-型虚拟式 bound morpheme 粘附词素 broad reference 广阔照应 cardinal numeral 基数词 cataphoric reference 前照应 central determiner 中位限定词 classifier 类别词 clausal ellipsis 分句性省略 clausal substitution 分句性替代 clause 分句，从句 cleft sentence 分裂句 climax 层进法 closed-class word 封闭性词类 collective noun 集体名词 command 祈使句 common gender 通性 common noun 普通名词 complement 补语 complex clause 复杂分句 complex object 复杂宾语 complex sentence 复杂句 compound complex sentence 并列复杂句compound sentence 并列句
英文文法术语表
Glossary of English Grammar Terms (英文文法术语表) 2008-10-15 8:44 P.M. Active Voice 主动句 In the active voice, the subject of the verb does the action. eg Cats eat fish. active subject verb object Cats eat fish. Adjective 形容词 A word like big, red, easy, French etc. An adjective describes a noun or pronoun. -用来修饰名词，如great(伟大的)，honest(诚实的)，difficult(困难的)。 Adverb 副词 A word like slowly, quietly, well, often etc. An adverb modifies a verb. -是修饰动词、形容词和副词的词，如quickly(快)，often(经常)，very(很)。Article 冠词 The "indefinite" articles are a and an. The "definite article" is the. -说明名词所指的人或物的词，如a，an(一个)，the(这，那)。 Auxiliary Verb 助动词 A verb that is used with a main verb. Be, do and have are auxiliary verbs. Can, may, must etc are modal auxiliary verbs. 比如：I am a boy. "am"就是the verb 'to be'的一种。 Clause 字句 A group of words containing a subject and its verb (for example: It was late when he arrived). Conjunction 连接词 A word used to connect words, phrases and clauses (for example: and, but, if). -是连接词、短语、从句和句子的词，如and(和)，because(因为)，if(假如)。Infinitive 不定词 The basic form of a verb as in to work or work. Interjection 感叹词 An exclamation inserted into an utterance without grammatical connection (for example: oh!, ah!, ouch!, well!). -表示感情，如。oh(噢)，aha(啊哈)，hush(嘘)。