【备战高考】英语介词用法总结(完整)

一、单项选择介词

1．________ your generous help, I do believe I have a better understanding of your country and culture.

A．But for B．Out of

C．Thanks to D．As to

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于你慷慨的帮助，我相信我对你的国家和文化有了更好的理解。A. But for要不是；B. Out of由于，无感情色彩；C. Thanks to幸亏；由于；D. As to至于；关于。因为I do believe I have a better understanding of your country and culture表示"我相信我对你的国家和文化有了更好的理解"，所以前半句应该表示原因和感谢，所以用Thanks to表示"幸亏，由于"，故选C。

2．Bless your heart, I know you didn’t break the vase ________. Don’t cry！

A．on purpose B．by accident

C．on business D．by mistake

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查介词短语。句意：好了好了，我知道你不是故意打破花瓶的。别哭了！A.故意地；B.偶然；C.出差；D.错误地。根据Don’t cry！可知，打破花瓶不是故意的。故选A。

3．A great man shows his greatness _____ the way he treats little man.

A．under B．with C．on D．by

【答案】D

【解析】

考查介词的用法。“借助某种方法和手段”常用“by ”; 而"with" 强调使用工具,常与 with this method 搭配。

4．Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes animals both on land and sea?

A．about B．to

C．with D．over

【答案】B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查介词辨析。句意：你是否有听说过树是陆上动物和海上动物的家？home to sth 固定搭配，表示……家园。该句是一个疑问句，其中还含有一个定语从句。比如这个句子转化为陈述句应该是You have ever heard of the trees that are homes _______animals both on land and sea? 然后把定语从句单独拿出来看将会是trees are homes_____ animals both on land and sea. 根据固定搭配自然知道答案是to。故选B。

【点睛】

本题考查到了分析句子成分的能力。当遇到一个句子比较复杂的时候，比如含有从句或疑问句时，要划分句子成分。对于疑问句，首先把它转化为陈述句，然后找出句子的主谓宾，把那一些修饰成分去掉，最后就可以知道该题考查的是be home to sth.

5．Shirley, a real book lover, often brings home many books to read ________ the library.

A．in B．for

C．by D．from

【答案】D

【解析】

词义辨析。句意：Shirley，一个真正爱书的人，经常把许多书从图书馆带到家里去看。所以选D。

6．A serious study of physics is impossible _______ some knowledge of mathematics．A．against B．before

C．beyond D．without

【答案】D

【解析】

介词辨析。句意：不掌握一定的数学知识是没有办法对物理学进行系统地研究的。against：反对，违反；before：在…之前，先于；beyond：超过；越过；without：没有；在……外面。选D。

考点：介词／介词短语

7．—What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean?

—It’s nothing. Just something _________.

A．as clear as day B．off the top of my head

C．under my nose D．beyond my wildest dreams

【答案】B

【解析】A考查习语辨析。off the top of one’s head不假思索地，即兴地，符合语境，符合句意；as clear as day一清二楚的；under one’s nose在某人鼻子底下，公然；beyond one’s wildest dreams超越梦想。句意：——你T恤上的东西是什么意思？——没什么。不过是即兴而为的东西。

8．(2015?湖北) This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you ___________ that if you smoked here you would be fined.

A．in advance B．in detail

C．in total D．in general

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：句意：这个会议室是无烟区域。我想提前警告你：如果你在这里吸烟，会被罚款。A项“提前”；B项“详细地”；C项“总共，总计”；D项“大体上，笼统地”。故选A项。考点：介词短语辨析

【名师点睛】本题侧重考查在特定的语境中辨析介词短语的能力。题干中的关键词“if you smoked here you would be fined”这一虚拟语气表示这是假设的情况，因此是在“提前”警告某人。另外，考生应注意积累“in+n.(+of)”这一常考搭配。

9．If we surround ourselves with people _____our major purpose, we can get their support and encouragement.

A．in sympathy with B．in terms of

C．in honour of D．in contrast with

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查介词短语辨析。句意：如果我们周围都是认同我们主要前进目标的人，我们就能得到他们的支持和鼓励。A. in sympathy with赞成；B. in terms of 依据；C. in honour of为纪念；

D. in contrast with与…形成对比。由“we can get their support and encouragement”可知，in sympathy with“赞成”符合句意。故选A项。

10．Soon after getting off his horse, the captain appeared at the second-floor windows, ______ he could see nothing but trees.

A．where B．from where

C．which D．from which

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查定语从句。句意：下马不久，上尉就出现在二楼的窗口了。他从那里除了树木什么也没看到。he could see nothing but trees.为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词at the second-floor windows，故用from where，相当于and from at the second-floor windows，而from where 比where具体形象，故选B。

【点睛】

From where 引导定语从句的用法。用于引导非限制性定语从句，在意义上相当于 and from there（从那儿）。如：

He hid himself in a tree, from where he could see the enemy in the distance. 他躲在一棵树上，从那儿他可以看到远处的敌人。

We went up to the roof, from where we had a good view of the procession. 我们爬上屋顶，从那儿可以很好地观看游行。

Soon after getting off his horse, the captain appeared at the second storey windows, from where he could see nothing but trees.下马不久,上尉就出现在二楼的窗口了.他从那里除了树木什么也没看到.(引导定语从句)

划线部分相当于…,and from at the windows…不可变为from which…,直接用where不如用from where更具体.

2、She climbed up to the top of the hill, from where she could have a good view of the whole town.她登上山顶,从那里她可以一览全城风光.（引导定语从句）

划线部分相当于…,and from on the top of the hill或from on the top of which…,不可变为from which,也可直接用where引导,但语义较为含糊,不如用from where更加生动、形象、具体.

11．A grand banquet was held by Elizabeth II _____ President Xi’s current state visit to the UK. A．in terms of B．in honor of

C．in favor of D．in memory of

【答案】B

【解析】

考查介词短语。 A. in terms of就…而言；B. in honor of 向…表示敬意；为庆祝…C. in favor of 支持; D. in place of代替。句意：为欢迎习近平主席到英国的来访，伊丽莎白二世举行了盛大宴会。故选B。

12． The equipment for all of the disabled people ought to be _________ easy reach in public. A．beyond B．within C．near D．around

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：考查介词。A超越；B在……之内；靠近；D周围。句意：所有残疾人设备都应当在公共场合容易得到。故B正确。

考点：考查介词

13．The flight to Antarctica was delayed by the lack_______ information about the weather conditions there.

A．in B．from C．for D．of

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：考查介词短语固定搭配。句意：去南极洲的航班被延误了由于缺乏那里的天气

状况的信息。by the lack of 固定搭配，缺乏。故选D。

考点：考查介词短语固定搭配。

14．It was obvious that the meeting was concerned ________ the housing reform and everyone present was concerned ________ their own interests.

A．with；with B．with；for

C．for；about D．about；with

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：很显然，这次会议是有关房屋改革的，所有在场的人都很关心他们自己的利益。be concerned with与……有关；be concerned for关心，为……担忧。故选B。

考点：考查动词短语辨析。

15．Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _______ half an hour.

A．by B．in

C．for D．until

【答案】B

【解析】

本题的关键是the train to the airport leaves火车将要离开；在这句话里使用了一般现在时代替将来时，表示按照车站的时间表列车进出。实际上本句是一个将来时，四个选项里只有“in+一段时间”可以和将来时连用。句意：Jane很着急，因为去机场的火车半小时以后就要出发了。故B正确。

16．When reading the lines, readers can connect the literature to their own experience. A．with B．for

C．beyond D．on

【答案】C

【解析】考查介词辨析。句意：当读者读出言外之意时，他们可以将文学与他们自己的经历联系起来。reading beyond thelines“言外之意”是固定短语。故选C。

17．________ its health benefits, dancing is a fun way to release positive energy and make society more pleasant.

A．As a result of B．In view of C．In terms of D．In addition to

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查介词短语辨析。句意：除了对健康有益之外，跳舞也是释放正能量、让社会更愉快的

有趣方式。A. As a result of 因此，由于；B. In view of鉴于，考虑到；C. In terms of依照，根据；D. In addition to除……之外。结合句意故选D。

18．“We’ve never sold anyone’s data,” Zuckerberg, Facebook CEO, said_______British lawmaker Damian Collins, who released some emails between Facebook and other tech companies.

A．in response to B．in contrast to

C．in proportion to D．in addition to

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：“我们从未售卖任何人的数据”，脸书CEO扎克伯格回复英国立法者Damian Collins说，其公开了在脸谱网和其他科技公司之间一些电子邮件的。A. in response to回复；B. in contrast to与... ...相反；C. in proportion to与... ...成比例；D. in addition to除... ...之外(还)。故选A。

19．Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live_________nature.

A．in view of B．in need of C．in touch with D．in harmony with 【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查介词短语辨析。句意：人的生活是自然的一部分，因此，我们生存下来的唯一的方法就是与自然和谐相处。A.in view of在……眼里；B.in need of需要；;C.in touch with和……接触； D. In harmony with与……和谐相处。这四个短语后面都应该接名词，根据句意，故选D。

【点睛】

短语辨析和单词的考察在试卷中经常出现。通常在介绍一个词语的时候会顺带着列出其固定搭配的短语。对于短语而言，没有捷径可言，只有老老实实的记忆。当然介词短语的记忆可以结合具体介词以及主要的名词的意思来进行记忆。

20．Although this product is environmental protection, few people show interest in it because of its high price.

A．in terms of B．in favor of

C．on account of D．in response to

【答案】B

【解析】

考查词组。A. in terms of 就---而言； B. in favor of支持；C. on account of 为了---的缘故；D. in response to对---有反应。句意：虽然这种产品有利环保，但因其价格昂贵，几乎无人问津。故选B。