(英语)高中英语动词练习题及解析

（英语）高中英语动词练习题及解析

一、单项选择动词

1．If you ever aren’t sure whether you have bought the very best smartphone, just _________ “good enough.”

A．make for B．settle for

C．answer for D．account for

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词词组。A. make for有助于；B. settle for勉强同意；C. answer for对---负责；D. account for对---作出解释。句意：如果你曾经不确定是否买过最好的智能手机，就满足于“足够好”。故选B。

2．All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once. A．should be; be operated on

B．were; must be operated on

C．be; was operated on

D．was; be operated on

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：考查insist的用法。句意：医院里所有的医生都认为他受伤很严重，要求他立即动手术。insist作“坚决要求做某事”讲时，要用虚拟语气；当“坚持说，坚持陈述某事实”解时，用陈述语气。

考点 : 考查insist的用法

3．Many of us have concerns about the challenges facing future generations as our global population _______ and the ear th’s natural resources decrease.

A．extends B．declines

C．swells D．varies

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词词义辨析。A. extends扩大；B. declines下降；C. swells膨胀；D. varies改变。句意：随着全球人口的膨胀和自然资源的减少，我们许多人都对后代面临的挑战感到担忧。根据“the earth’s natural resources decrease”判断此处表示“人口的膨胀”，故C项正确。

4．Pupils who pass the test will be _____ to the next grade.

A．promoted B．progressed

C．proceeded D．proposed

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过考试的学生将升入下一年级。A. promoted 提升 B. progressed 进步 C. proceeded开始，进行 D. proposed建议，打算。根据句意可知，选A。

5．—Do you know why the teacher asks for me?

—He wants you to ________ your absence last night.

A．account for B．call for

C．send for D．reach for

【答案】A

【解析】

答句句意：他想让你解释一下昨晚缺席的原因。account for表示“解释；说明”，符合语意。后三项分别表示“要求”、“派人去请”、“伸手去拿”，都不符合语意。

6．It's strange that some fundamental professions in our society rarely receive the respect or acknowledgement they ________.

A．match B．accept C．reserve D．deserve

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：考查动词。A. match匹配；B. accept接受；C. reserve保留，预约；D. deserve 应得，值得。句意：奇怪的是，在我们的社会中一些基本的职业很少受到应得的尊重和认可。根据句意可知选D。

考点：考查动词

7．He had been struggling for many years and finally ________ his fantasies.

A．lived up B．lived on

C．lived through D．lived out

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：考查动词短语辨析。短语live up快乐生活；live on继续存在；live through经历；live out过着...的生活；live out his fantasies过着梦想的生活。句意：他努力了很多年，终于过着他梦想的生活了。根据句意可知D正确。

考点：考查动词短语辨析

8．Despite the heavy snow outside yesterday, everybody in the company ________ their daily tasks as usual.

A．brought about B．worried about C．cared about D．went about

【答案】D

【详解】

考查动词词组。A. brought about 带来； B. worried about 担忧； C. cared about关心； D. went about四处走动。句意：尽管昨天外面下了一场大雪，公司里的每个人还是照常工作。结合句意可知答案为D。

9．Jess was sad and her friend helped her ___ the first awful weeks after her husband Bill died. A．break through B．break down

C．get through D．get rid of

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：考查词组：A. break through突破，B. break down崩溃，垮掉，抛锚，C. get through 接通，度过，完成，D. get rid of克服，句意：在丈夫Bill去世后，Jess很难过，她的朋友帮助她度过前几个难过的星期。选C。

考点：考查词组

10．The relevant authorities have recently ________ some companies and individuals for their illegal emission that is harmful to the environment.

A．cut back on B．cracked down on C．followed up on D．held out on

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意：有关当局最近对一些公司和个人非法排放有害环境的行为进行了严厉打击。A. cut back on 削减；B. cracked down on 严惩;；C. followed up on 进一步了解；D. held out on 保守秘密。crack down on“严惩”符合句意。故B选项正确。

11．The people succeeded because they understood that you can’t let your failures _________ you ——you have to let your failures teach you.

A．define B．decline

C．qualify D．simplify

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词。A. define定义；B. decline下降；C. qualify限定；D. simplify简化。句意：人们成功是因为他们明白，你不能让失败定义你——你必须让失败教会你。故选A。

12．In modern times,people have to learn to all kinds of pressure although they are leading a comfortable life.

A．keep with B．stay with

C．meet with D．live with

【答案】D

【解析】

live with和put up with类似，在此意为“忍受”。句意：在现代社会，人们尽管过着舒适的生活，但他们还得学会忍受各种各样的压力。

13．If the service is awful, a customer has the right to to the manager.

A．react B．apply

C．complain D．suggest

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：句意：如果服务很糟糕，顾客有权向经理申诉。React反应 apply应用 complain 申诉suggest建议，选C。

考点：考查词义辨析

14．— What do you suggest he do to get rid of the financial trouble?

— As is often the case in the business world, he should ______ the dangerous situation he is in now.

A．look up to B．wake up to C．live up to D．stand up to

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词短语。A. look up to尊敬；B. wake up to认识到；C. live up to做到；D. stand up to经得起，抵抗。句意：——你建议他做些什么来摆脱财务困境？——就像商界的情况一样，他应该清醒地认识到他现在所处的危险境地。表示认识到，故选B.

15．-----It’s a pity that Nelson Mandela passed away.

------ But he will __________ in the memories of people worldwide.

A．live on B．stay on C．go on D．put on

【答案】A

【解析】A考查动词短语。句意：--很遗憾，纳尔逊曼德拉去世了。--但他将继续留在世界各地的人们的记忆中。A以…为生，靠…为食；B继续停留；C继续；D穿上。故选A。

点睛：要学会总结动词短语的规律，以便在英语学习中达到汉语中‘识字不识字，先识半个字’的境界。具体： 1.在每个部分找出自己最熟悉或者最理解的短语，并根据该短语助记总体意思；2.熟记动词本身所具有的全部意思；3.重点根据小品词在该项中的总体意思结合动词本身的意思，理解自己最不理解和不熟悉的短语4.脱离汉语，只看英语动词短语，并放到具体句子和场景中认识动词短语5.注意有些短语意义很接近, 这要结合例句和上下文掌握它们的用法

16．100．----I have been watching “I am a singer” and Gloria Tang (邓紫棋) is my favorite star. ----- Me, too. Her new album is said to be ______ next month. By then, we , fans, will buy some.

A．relieved B．delivered C．produced D．released

【答案】D

【解析】D考查动词。句意：--我一直在看“我是一个歌手”而且邓紫棋是我最喜欢的明星。--我也是。她的新专辑将于下月发行。到那时，我们的粉丝们会买一些。A减轻，解除；B 递送；C产生，制造；D发行，发布。故选D。

17．As most parents know by now, we should _________ our kids’ screen time or they will become couch potatoes who tend to be lazy.

A．assess B．limit

C．arrange D．apply

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像很多家长知道的那样，我们应该限制孩子看电视的时间，不然他们会变成很懒的电视迷。A. assess评估；B. limit限制；C. arrange安排；D. apply应用。根据句意可知，是限制看电视的时间，故选B项。

18．An energy ministry official says all of the country’s nuclear plants have been________ and are capable of standing natural disasters.

A．arranged B．appreciated C．inspected D．performed

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：一名能源部官员表示，该国所有的核电站都经过了检查，能够承受自然灾害。A. arranged安排；B. appreciated感激；C. inspected检查；D. performed执行，表演。结合句意故选C。

19．His food ______, the man had to come out of his hiding place.

A．run out B．was run out

C．running out D．using up

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词短语和现在分词的独立主格结构。句意：食物快吃完了，那人不得不从藏身之处出来。动词短语：run ou t“用完，耗尽”，相当于不及物动词；use up“用完，耗尽”，相当于及物动词。分析句子结构，这里既不是并列句也不是从句，此处His food和run out之间是主动关系，是现在分词的独立主格结构，如果用use up，则必须用过去分词used up的形式。故选C。

20．--- Do you know anything about War of Seven Kingdoms, the Chinese Game of Thrones?

---Sure. Although each event _____ a well-known actor playing the key roles, it has all its plots well _____on established historical records and archaeological findings.

A．features; grounded B．characteristics; witnessed

C．stars; depended D．displays; commented

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：---你知道中国的《权力的游戏》——《七国战争》吗? ---当然。虽然每一个事件都有一个著名的演员扮演关键角色，但它的所有情节都建立在既定的历史记录和考古发现的基础上。A. features 由……主演; grounded 使基于；B. characteristics 以.....为特征; witnessed目睹；C. stars 由……做主演; depended依靠；D. displays; commented 作出评论。由“a well-known actor ”可知，每一个事件都有一个著名的演员主演，所以第一个空应选择features。be grounded on“ 以 ... 为基础”为固定短，在本句中为过去分词作后置定语。且符合句意。所以第二个空选grounded。故选A项。

21．Studies suggest that babies learn to _________ voices before birth． They can recognize their mother's voice among a group of women．

A．suspect B．compromise

C．discriminate D．inspect

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词词义辨析。A. suspect怀疑；B. compromise妥协； C. discriminate辨别；D. inspect 检阅。句意：研究表明婴儿在出生前就能辨别声音，他能在一群女人中听出妈妈的声音。根据“They can recognize their mother’s voice among a group of women.”可知此处表示“辨别”，故C项正确。

22．They____with joy when they heard that their class won the first place in the relay race. A．picked up B．split up

C．took up D．sprang up

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当听到班级在接力赛中获得第一名时，他们高兴地跳了起来。A. picked up捡起；B. split up分裂；C. took up从事；D. sprang up跳起。故选D。

23．—What do you think of the jacket and the hat I wear today?

—I don’t think this jacket ________ you and that your hat ________ this jacket perfectly.

A．suits; fits B．meets; fits C．matches; suits D．fits; matches

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词辨析。句意：——你认为我今天穿得夹克衫和戴得帽子怎么样？——我认为这件夹克衫不适合你，你的帽子与你的夹克衫不匹配。meet指满足。fit 指大小、形状的合适，引申为吻合、协调。suit 指合乎需要、口味、条件、地位，以及花色、款式等与某人的皮肤、气质、身材或身份相称。match 多指大小、色调、形状、性质等的搭配。夹克衫是大小、形状是否适应某人，帽子和夹克衫是搭配，故选D。

24．When I said that someone didn’t work hard in our class, I was not _____ you.

A．picking out B．referring to C．taking out D．sticking to

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意: 当我说我们班里有人不努力学习时，我指的不是你。A. picking out挑选；B. referring to指的是；C. taking out取出，得到；D. sticking to坚持，根据句意，B项符合题意。故选B项。

25．Experts suggest that young parents ______ some time to communicate with their children instead of spending much time playing games on the phone.

A．set aside B．put away

C．make up D．account for

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意：专家建议年轻的父母留出一些时间和他们的孩子交流，而不是花很多时间在手机上玩游戏。A. set aside留出；B. put away储存；C. make up编造； D. account for对…负有责任，根据题意，故选A。

26．---What happened to her?

---She was _____ to hospital with a soaring temperature.

A．adapted B．adjusted C．admitted D．adopted

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：---她怎么了?---她因高烧而住院。A. adapted适应；B. adjusted 调整；C. admitted 准许……进入；D. adopted采纳。sb be admitted to sth“某人被准许进入某处”。故选C项。

27．—This new dress code________ everyone at school, teachers and students alike.

—Yes, there are no exceptions.

A．applies to B．subscribes to C．adds to D．contributes to

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意：——这个新的着装规定适用于学校里的每个人，老师和学生都一样。——是的，没有例外。A. applies to运用，适用；B. subscribes to赞同，订阅，捐款；C. adds to添加；D. contributes to捐助。根据后文there are no exceptions.可知，此处指“新的着装规定适用于学校里的每个人”。故选A。

28．In Britain today women ________ 44% of the workers and nearly half the mothers with children are in paid work.

A．go up B．bring up C．hold up D．make up

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查up系列动词短语辨析。句意：在当今的英国，女性占了工人总数的44%，将近一半的妈妈们从事有报酬的工作。A. go up增长，上升；B. bring up养育，培养；C. hold up举起，阻拦；D. make up组成，构成。本题中，女性构成了工人群体的44%，故选D。

29．A few days ago, the commission its investigation and declared that Johnson was to blame for the car accident last month on the highway.

A．discriminated B．acknowledged C．concluded D．negotiated

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词词义辨析。A. discriminated辨别；B. acknowledged承认；C. concluded推断、结束；D. negotiated协商。句意：几天前，委员会结束了调查，宣布Johnson应对上个月发生在高速公路上的车祸负责。根据句意可知此处表示“结束”，故C项正确。

30．That sound doesn’t _______ in his native language, so it is difficult for him to pronounce it. A．owe B．occur

C．take place D．happen

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

A. owe 欠

B. occur存在，出现

C. take place 发生

D. happen发生。句意：那个声音在他的

母语中不存在，所以对他来说很难发音。occur v. 存在，故选B。

31．The friendly atmosphere of the two sides was a _______ sign ; the meeting ______ successful.

A．profitable; profited B．beneficial; benefited

C．promising; promised D．promised; promised

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查形容词和动词词义辨析。A. profitable有利可图的; profited获利 B. beneficial有利的; benefited有益于 C. promising adj.有前途的,有希望的; promised允诺，给人…希望 D. promised约定的; promised允诺。句意：双方的友好气氛是一个有希望的迹象;会议可望成功。故选C。

32．It is beyond awkward when everyone around you ______________ laughing at a joke that you do not find funny, especially if it’s a joke told in a foreign language.

A．run into B．bursts out

C．yells out D．falls into

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：考查动词短语的词义辨析。A.run into快速进入，碰撞；B. bursts out 爆发；C. yells out 大声说出来；D. falls into落入，分成。句意：当你身边的人因一个你不觉得有趣的笑话尤其是用外语来说的笑话而突然爆笑时，你是非常尴尬的。故选B。

考点：考查动词短语的词义辨析

33．Success only______ those with courage and determination.

A．favors B．requests C．reflects D．instructs

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词辨析。句意：成功只青睐有勇气和有决心的人。A. favors支持；赞成；B. requests 要求；C. reflects反射；D. instructs指导。根据句意，有勇气有决心的人会成功，成功青睐有勇气和有决心的人。故选A。

34．She_______ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store. A．turned down B．came across

C．took after D．dealt with

【答案】B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意：她昨天去购物的时候偶然碰见了她的一个老朋友。A. turned down拒绝； B. came across偶遇；偶然碰到； C. took after与……相像； D. dealt with处理。根据句意可知，此处指“偶然遇到”，故选B。

35．The early pioneers had to many hardships to settle on the new land.

A．go along with B．go back on C．go through D．go into

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词短语辨析：句意：先民不得不新土地上经历很多艰难困苦才能定居下来。A. go along with和…相处，B. go back on 背弃，C. go through经历，检查，D. go into染上。由“many hardships to settle on the new land”可知，go through“经历”符合句意。故选C。

36．—Why did you ______ the third paragraph of your rewritten composition?

—Because I thought it was off the point.

A．put out B．make out C．figure out D．leave out

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意：——你为什么把重写的作文的第三段漏掉了？——因为我觉得这有点跑题了。A. put out扑灭；B. make out辨认出；C. figure out算出；D. leave out遗漏。根据Because I thought it was off the point.可知，此处指把作文的第三段漏掉了。故选D。

37．As the Internet is expanding day by day, the opportunities for crime ______ as well. A．has B．is C．have D．are

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查谓语动词。句意：随着互联网的日益发展，犯罪的机会也越来越多。as well为固定短语，意为“也，同样”，作状语，分析句子成分可知，主句为省略句，承前省略了动词expanding，故只保留系动词，主语opportunities为复数，故填are，选D。

38．—However busy Mary is, she will________some time for exercise every day.

—No wonder she is always so energetic.

A．set aside B．put away C．work out D．pick up

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意：——不管玛丽有多忙，她都会留出一些时间每天锻炼。——难怪她总是那么精力充沛。A. set aside留出；B. put away抛弃；C. work out解决，算出；D. pick up捡起。由“No wonder she is always so energetic.”可知，她总是那么精力充沛是因为管玛丽有多忙，她都会留出一些时间每天锻炼。故选A。

39．Being an experienced lecturer, Mr. Black____ his speech to suit a younger audience. A．simplified B．addressed

C．exchanged D．delivered

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个经验丰富的演讲者，布莱克先生简化他的演讲以适应年轻听众的需要。A. simplified简化；B. addressed称呼；C. exchanged交换；D. delivered递送。故选A。

40．—Mike has played a lot of computer games recently.

—Yes, that might ___ his failure in the mid-term examinations.

A．Account for B．answer for

C．ask for D．stand for

【答案】A

【解析】

考查动词短语辨析。句意为：——Tom最近玩太多电脑游戏了。——是的，这也许是他期中考试失利的原因。A项表示“是……的说明(或原因)”，符合语境。B项表示“对……负责，因……受到谴责”；C项表示“要求，请求”；D项表示“代表”。