英语四级调研报告
调研报告
（社会调研Ⅱ）
题目：大学英语四级成绩影响因素分析与思考
院（系）：商学院统计与金融系
年级： 2013级
专业：金融
班级： 2013（2）班
学号： 2013517132 姓名：赵婷婷
指导教师：高岩
完成日期： 2015年8月20日
目录
摘要 (3)
引言 (4)
一、调查设计 (5)
（一）调查目的 (5)
（二）调查对象 (5)
（三）调查样本 (5)
（四）调查方法 (5)
（五）调查内容 (5)
二、现状分析 (6)
（一）样本特征分析 (6)
（二）大学英语四级成绩的影响因素 (6)
（三）提高英语学习质量的思考 (7)
结束语 (8)
参考文献 (8)
附录 (9)
摘要
大学英语四级考试自1987年开考以来，目前已经发展成为参考人数最多全国性统一考试。并且作为英语教学的全国性评价性考试，已经逐步成为大学英语教学的指挥棒，他不仅是对学生英语能力的测量。同时也是教学效果和质量的反映。对大学英语四级成绩及其影响的分析将有利于解决学生在学习英语中遇到的问题，不断的提高英语教学质量，提高大学生的综合素质。近年来，不少的学生及老师开始反对大学生考四级，教育部针对此问题也说在近几年来是不会取消全国性的四级考试。
关键词：英语四级成绩影响因素
引言
在当代大学生中，多数人受到英语四级的影响以至于拿不到毕业证，或者因为拿不到四级证书而无法找到一个理想的工作。根据如此现状，我针对大学生对英语四级的看法与四级考试的过级率受到哪些方面的影响等问题展开了研究与调查。
一、调查设计：
（一）调查目的:
了解石河子大学商学院学生对英语四级考试的关心程度，以及石河子大学商学院学生对四级考试的成绩有何思考与反思。为了让石河子大学商学院的四级考试率提高，找工作有过硬的资本，所以做了此次研究。
（二）调查对象：
石河子大学商学院大一，大二，大三学生。
（三）调查样本：
石河子大学商学院大一，大二，大三的部分学生。
（四）调查方法：
主要采取问卷调查的形式和手段，将有关石河子大学商学院学生对四级成绩思考与影响因素所需的信息分布在八道客观题中，问卷问题设计综合考虑了大学生的实际情况和本次调查的可能进展。问卷调查采用了网上分发问卷形式，共分发问卷80份，收回有效问卷80份。
（五）调查内容：
从样本特征，选择石河子大学商学院学生，对英语四级成绩影响因素分析与思考方面进行调查。
二、现状分析：
(一)样本特征分析：
本次调查主要是石河子大学商学院大一，大二和大三的学生。由于商学院的实际情况，在校女大学生的比例高于男大学生的比例，所以随机分发问卷后有性别的差异，男生填写问卷二十五份，女生填写问卷五十五份，但是对调查结果不存在显著影响。
（二）大学英语四级成绩的影响因素
1.初中及高中的学习基础与上了大学后自主学习能力
教育部在2007年颁布的《大学英语课程教学要求》中突出强调了大学英语自主学习的重要性。自主学习是指学习的人要对自己的学习行为负责，也就是说要对自己在学习中面临的问题要自己解决，例如如何确定学习目标，决定学习的内容和学习进度，选择学习的方法和技巧，与此同时又要监督自己的学习过程，如时间，地点，人物等。还要评估自己学习的效果的能力。大学英语的教学目标是培养学生的综合应用能力，特别是听说的能力，使他们在今后的工作和社会交往中能用英语有效地进行口头和书面的信息交流，同时提高综合文化素养，以适应我国经济发展和国际交流的需要。不同于其他学科的学习，作为语盲的英语的学习，应是由教师为引导的，学生自主学习为主的。因此学生自主学习的能力的高低是制约其等级考试成绩高低的重要因素之一。在我校，就有自主学习这一环节。
同时，有调查显示学生英语平时成绩，英语学习时间的长短，性别，高考英语成绩，教师授课态度等因素作为学习的基础条件也是英语四级考试成绩的影响因素。
2.考试时的心理因素
虽然目前绝大多数的高校已经将四级，六级成绩与毕业证书，学位证书分离。学生在这种极强的心理压力下易形成只重结果不重过程的浮躁学风；过分注重考试成绩还会导致学生产生考试焦虑症，严重影响英语学习，影响英语四六级考试成绩水平。
3.学习策略问题
学习策略是学习者用来帮助自己理解，学习或保留新信息的特殊见解与行为。英语学习策略就是学生为提高英语水平所采取的方法和手段，它贯穿于语言学习和运用全过程，学习策略是灵活的，多样的。他又受多种因素影响。用定量和定性的关系来分析可以发现四级成绩和学习策略成较为显著的相关。高分的同学与低分的同学在学习策略上也有明显的不同。
4.考试改革和教学质量
大型标准化考试通常会对教学产生巨大的影响，直接决定着教师的教学内容和教学安排，影响着学生学习的侧重点与学习目的。2005年大学英语四六级考试改革组与委员会制订了《全国英语四六级考试改革方案(试行)》，并与2006年起在全国范围内逐步推行新的四六级考试。改革后的四六级从内容到形式更加注重检验以学生听说能力为主的英语综合能力，明确提出了大学英语教学的新要求与新方向。考试内容的改革与高校各种原因而存在教学质量的差异在一定程度上是影响四级成绩的主要因素之一。
（三）提高英语学习质量的思考
1.加强认知教育；培养自主学习能力
教师在传授英语知识的同时，应该努力提高学生策略意识，使学生明确语言学习策略在提高学习效率中的重要性，从而选择适合自己的学习方式，养成良好的语言学习习惯，加强对自身学习过程的规划和管理。同时，教师应将无认知策略和有认知策略有机结合起来。并随时注意策略培训效果和反映，使其真正有利于大学英语教与学的完善。
2.树立良好的英语学习氛围，明确学习目标，切实提高英语学习质量
一方面，教师作为课堂教学的主导者，在教学过程中要尽量淡化应试心理，不能单纯看重学生成绩，更要关注学生能力的发展。教师应该积极营造学习的语言，掌握语言的课堂气氛。教师更应该注重自身掌握目标的形成，淡迫名利，克服急功近利的投机取巧行为，教学中始终把培养学生能力和帮助树立正确的学习动机放在教学的首位。
另一方面，大学生本身作为学习的主体，在英语学习中应树立掌握目标定向；坚定信心，通过自身的勤奋努力，掌握英语；学会正确认识考试，通过英语四六级测试去评价学习效果，指导自身的学习。
3.分级教学，分类指导，不断提高教学质量
针对目前大学生英语学习基础，学习能力不一致的特点，高等院校应广泛采取分级教学的方法，实行因材施教。这一方法既能保证教师备课与教学的针对性，又能保证同一级英语水平的学生容易接受教师的讲解内容与进度。
另一方面，针对教育部考试中心与全国大学英语四六级考试委员会对考试内容各分析能力的分析结果，各高校应针对本校教学特点与学生英语学习中存在的主要问题，在分级教学的基础上不断探索并完善分类指导的措施，采用合适的教材和教学方法，切实提高英语教学质量。
结束语：
做到以上几点，接下来就是靠自己的时候了。尽管黑色的六月刚过，但是对于四级没有过的同学，我们要更加努力，争取在今年的十二月份把四级过了，上学期院里活动比较多，但是下学期活动较少，我们更要把自己的精力放在英语的学习上，不管结果如何，只要自己努力了，结果尽管不如人愿。但是我相信努力了一定会有收获，但是不努力是一定没有收获的。
参考文献：
[1]教育部.《大学英语课程教学要求》.百度文库，2007年.
[2] 教育部.《全国英语四六级考试改革方案(试行)》.百度文库，2005年.
附录：
石河子大学商学院学生对四级成绩影响因素与思考调查问卷
亲，我们为了了解大学生对四级成绩影响因素与思考的想法，特进行此次问卷调查。亲，请您提供宝贵的意见，您宝贵的建议和意见将成为我们重要的参考资料。亲，请选择您认为适合的选项，您所提供的情况，我们将严格保密，谢谢您的合作。
1.亲，您的性别*
A 男
B 女
2.亲，您所在年级*
A 大一
B 大二
C 大三
3．亲，您是否过了四六级，若没过，请问是由于何种原因呢？（）*[多选题]
A 初中和高中英语基础较差
B 考试时的心理因素
C 学习策略的问题
D 考试改革
E 教学质量
F 其他
4.亲对于如何提高过级率，你有什么方案？（）*[多选题]
A 改变学习策略
B 加强应试能力
C 老师能够督促
5.亲，你认为英语过四级对我们自身今后的生活和工作是否有益？（）
A 是
B 否
6.亲，你认为国家是否应该取消四六级考试？（）
A 是
B 否
7.亲，你认为大学所学习的英语知识，学校应该让你们自主学习的效率高还是应该由老师教学的效率高呢？（）
A 自主学习
B 老师带领学习
8.亲，为了更好地提高四级的过级率，你有更好的建议吗？
亲，非常感谢你的配合。祝你学习与生活更加愉快！！！
[四六级] 不得不看：英语四级考试快速阅读解题步骤
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为什么精力充沛，希望我们学习他们的秘诀。 2006年6月真题Highways的分析思路：为什么要修建公路？怎么修建？公路有哪些功能？存在哪些问题？一般说明文的写作结构都是如此：计划–成形–功能–问题。例如：联合国的起因–联合国的成立–联合国的运作–联合国的问题。 2．分析小标题(Tidy the Subtitles）(20 –25秒) 目的：了解文章内容，把握总体结构。 官方样题： Sub 1：How Much Trash Is Generated? 一看该段字数少，忽视 Sub 2：How Is Trash Disposed of? 关键字：处理 Sub 3：What Is a Landfill? 引进主题，字数增加，进入重点。推理：landfill 肯定是上面提到的一种垃圾处理方法 Sub 4：Proposing the Landfill Landfill由新信息变成已知信息。关键字：Proposing 计划、建议 Sub 5：Building the Landfill 关键字：Building 修建 注意：前一段讲计划，这一段讲修建，联系紧密，可以合并 Sub 6：What happens to Trash in a Landfill? 关键字：What happens；字数少，忽视 Sub 7：How Is a Landfill Operated? 关键字：Operated 如何
大学英语四级专项训练
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英语四级写作常见问题及解决方案
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大学英语四级(选词填空)专项训练汇编
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