中考英语听力口语练习

中考英语听力口语练习
中考英语听力口语练习

教学内容

C-听力专题

你为什么总是听不懂英语

"老师,为什么我就是听不懂?"一次,在做完一段听力练习后,一位高中模样

的男孩向我提问。

"你认为是为什么呢?"我反问他。

"我想,是因为我的反应慢,或者,我比较笨。"他这样回答,一筹莫展的表情

非常可爱。

后来,我在班上做了一个简单的实验,结果证明,英文听力与智力并不存在关联。我首先调查了班上的外地同学,了解他们花多长时间学会听广东话。大部分同学的答案是一、两年,小B同学因为用广东话谈了一场恋爱,仅耗时半年。然后,根据小B的情况,我给大家设计了一道数学题:假设小B平均每天听广东话为8 小时,请问半年中,他一共花多少小时练习广东话听力?(小B后来很认真的反驳,因为他的女友生起气来,可以一天24小时用广东话唠叨他。)这道题目的计算过程非常简单:8小时/天×30天/月×6月=1440小时。接着,我又向大家提了一个问题:"广东话和普通话接近还是英文和普通话接近?"所有同学异口同声地回答:"广东话!"

至此,我们得出了两个前提。前提一:一位能听懂普通话的中国人如果希望听懂广东话,至少需要接触这种方言1440小时以上。(当然,还有一些"神童",在这个推理过程中暂不考虑)前提二:广东话与普通话的接近程度远大于英文和普通话的接近程度。

结论:一位讲普通话的学习者要提高英文听力,需要投入至少1440小时。

所以,在冥思苦想自己英文听力为何不好的时候,恐怕首先要计算一下自己投入的时间-- 大于1440小时?同时,在书店里寻求各种提高听力的"宝典""秘籍"时,一些名为"三日速成"的书虽然可以激起我们无比的热情,但请简单回顾一下以上的推理,你会听见更理智的声音。

注:通过导入,引出本小节的主题——听力!

(建议20-25分钟)

初中英语听力

一、题型概说

听是一项重要的语言技能,也是衡量个人综合语言能力的一个重要的指标。广州市从1993年起已在初中会考英语考试中增加了听力考试的内容,听力测试考查的是学生英语的综合技能.它事实上是对考生的听力理解、阅读理解、写作表达和记忆能力的综合考查。听力测试内容涉及到语音、词汇量、语法知识、文化背景知识以及思维逻辑等多方面的内容。

初中毕业生学业考试包括两大题,听力理解题和听取信息题。听力理解题旨在考查学生对口头英语的理解能力听力理解题要求考生能听懂有关日常生活、文化教育、风土人情、时事、人物、科普等的简短对话或独白;掌握所听材料的主旨和中心思想以及与话题中心相关的具体事实信息;能理解讲话或对话的意思并能根据所听材料对说话的背景、说活人之间的关系、说话人的意图、观点或态度进行推断+听力理解题主要从以下四个方面来考查学生:

1.要求学生能获取与话题相关的具体信息,理解具体事实。

2.要求学生领略主旨大意,理解话题内容。

3.要求学生能按所听材料对谈话发生的背景、地点、人物之问的关系等进行简单推断。

4.要求学生能初步理解说活者的意图、观点或态度。

从20XX年起,初中毕业生学业考试英语听力部分新增了听取信息题,要求考生在听完独白或对话后将所获取的信息填入答题卷相应的位置。此题更进一步地考查了学生获取信息以及记录信息的能力,同时也在一定程度上更深入地考查学生综合语言知识运用的基本功。

以下是关于听力考试各大题题目的说明。下表是听力题型概览:

题序题型题量赋分考核目标

I 听力第一节听力理解15 30 考查学生通过“听”的渠道获取具体信息及推测判断

能力。

第二节听取信息 5 5 考查学生通过“听”的渠道获取信息及作简短听力笔

记的能力

第1大题听力理解

考生将会听到若干段对话或独白,在听完每段对话或独白后,要求考生根据对话或独白的内容选出问题(问题已印在卷面)的答案。

第2大题听取信息

考生将会听到一段对话或讲话。学生一边听录音一边阅读试卷上提供的文字材料。这些文字材料不是录音的全部内容,而是以提纲、摘要、笔记、图表等形式再现录音的主要内容。试卷上的文字材料中有些信息被删除(用横线代替)。学生一边听录音,一边补全信息。学生需要补全的内容是录音中的某些关键信息。

二、方法点拨

复习或考试时,学生可使用以下-些策略:

1、猜测策略

“听前”( pre-listening)预测是一个非常重要的策略。“听前”学生可以先看题目,它会提供一些关于对话或短文内容的信息。而且,可以通过看题目,判断问题的特征:例如:这条题目主要是考什么的,考查文章的大体意思还是细节。如果是考细节的问题,就要非常关注题目中提及的相关内容。另外,有时候学生可以根据题目的信息预测相应答案。另一方面,根据调查结果,有些成绩好的学生不赞成先看题干,即选择项。有时选择项会扰乱做题的思路和听的效果,这种方法见仁见智,要根据个人的学习风格进行选择。

此外,“听中”( while-listening)猜测也是常用的听力策略。在日常的听力实践中,很多时候不可能也没有必要听懂每一个单同,常常要对一些听不懂的内容根据上下文或根据所听材料的话题,根据词语同现的规律进行猜测。多阅读、理解更多的背景知识对学生能否提高猜测率很有关系。

总的来说,猜测有利于加快听力理解速度,提高答题的正确率。

2、“听中”综合运用“自上而下(Top-down)”和“自下而上(Bottom-up)”的信息加工模式。

“自上而下( Top-down)”的信息加工模式是指考生在听的过程中主要关注所听材料的主旨大意,然后才关注属于下位的具体信息。相反,有的学生更喜欢“自下而上(Bottom-up)”的信息加工模式,即主要关注所听材料中谈及的细节。事实证明,每人有不同的学习风格因而喜欢使用不同的信息加工模式,一般来说,偏颇任何一种信息加工模式都是不妥的,考生首先要看清楚题目考查日的,是考查文段的主旨要意、具体细节,还是作者观点,然后决定采取相应的听的方式。一般说来,综合运用两种信息加工模式更能提高听的效率。

3、“听中”关注关键词

这里所说的关键词指对理解所听内容起关键作用的单词或短语。主要包括:

1)关于人物、时间、地点的词或短语

关于人物的相关词,包括称谓、头衔、国籍等,关注这些词有助于正确判断人物的身份及对话者之间的关系。同样,对话或语篇中出现的表示时间、地点的词对正确理解所听内容也至关重要。

2)有关数字

听力材料中通常会涉及很多数字,例如年代、日期、价格、数量等等,学生应学会辨别各种形式的数字。

3)关于事件发展进程的动词或短语

对话或文段中出现的动词或短语通常能帮助学生理解所谈论的事件的发展进程,对他们的关注有利于提高理解正确率。

4)“听中”进行速记。

考试时,学生不必把听到的所有内容全部听清楚或写下来,只要捕捉一些关键性问题即可。听的过程中学生要适当做好笔记,主要记下一些以上四点谈到的一些关于人物、时间、地点、数字等关键信息。做笔记可以有多种方法,学生应该尝试多种方法后再决定哪一种方法最适合自己。有的学生为节省时间,喜欢只写下单词的第一个字母,有的学生喜欢记下词组或搭配中的一个关键词。有些有经验的教师提出,学生可以尝试以下三种技巧去记录时间、地点、数字以及相关信息,一是运用速记符号,例如:

↑ up ↓down←left→right= equal;二是运用字母的缩写形式,例如:ing-interesting China-C library-L;三是鼓励学生在平时训练时,本着便于记忆、快速、容易联想的原则,发明一些只需自己明白的速记符号来表示相应的信息。

5)在考试的过程中,可选用以下一些调控策略和情感策略:

①充分利用试卷刚发下来,听力还未播放的宝贵时间,阅读听力试题,并在听力试题上画出关键词,例如:每道题的疑问词,学生应关注是what,who,还是where,when等,学生可以运用预测技巧,对听力内容进行有的放矢的预测和选听。

②当听完某段材料后,可利用短时记忆,马上在脑海中复述所听到的内容,提高答题正确率。

③切记对于没有听清的试题采取及时放弃的原则,要相信第一感觉,当机立断,决不能反反复复,以免影响后面的答题。在听力播放过程中在试题卷上答题,而不是直接写在答题卡上,以节约时间。

④无论在听力复习还是听力考试时,都要集中精神,充满信心。缓解紧张情绪的方法包括深呼吸放松、在心里自言自语、在心里唱歌等。此外,不能因一道题答不好而影响后面的答题,考生应有充分的心理准备,遇乱不惊、镇定应考,才能从容答题,正常发挥。

(建议5-10分钟)(听力材料见配套ppt)

第一节对话理解。(本节有8小题;每题1分,共8分。)

听下面四段对话,各段对话设2小题。请根据所听到的内容及相关小题,在规定的时间内从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选择,并用鼠标在题号前确定选择。每段对话播放两遍。

听第一段对话,回答第1-2题。

1. How long will the next train to Luoyang come?

A.In ten minutes. B.Thirty minutes later. C.Forty minutes later.

2. How is the man going to Luoyang?

A.By train. B.By bus. C.By plane.

听第二段对话,回答第3-4题。

3. How much money did Victor get in his dream?

A. $1,000,000

B. $100,000

C. ¥1,000,000

4. What did Victor decide to do with the money in his dream?

A. Buy a car.

B. Go travelling.

C. Raise money for charity.

听第三段对话,回答第5-6题。

5. What's the relationship between the speakers?

A. Husband and wife.

B. Father and daughter.

C. Mother and son.

6. Where are they living now?

A. In a big house with a garden.

B. In a small flat without a balcony.

C. In a small flat with a balcony.

听第四段对话,回答第7-8题

7. Who is Mr Johnson?

A. Millie's history teacher.

B. Millie's doctor.

C. Millie's geography teacher.

8. What will Millie do on Saturday?

A. Go climbing.

B. Take an exam.

C. Stay at home and study.

第二节短文理解。(本节有5小题;每题1分,共5分)

你将听到一篇短文,短文设5小题。请根据所听到的内容及相关小题的句子,在规定的时间内从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出能完成句子的最佳选择,并用鼠标在题号前确认选择。短文播放两遍。听下面一篇短文,完成第1-5题的句子。

1. Where are Jim and Kate now?

A.In America.B.In England. C. In Australia.

2. How long have they been in that country?

A.For one year. B. For two years. C. For three years.

3. How many languages can Jim and Kate speak?

A.Three.B.Four. C. Five.

4. Which country are the Greens going to return to?

A.England.B.Japan. C. America.

5. Why are Jim and Kate very happy?

A.Because they won't have to move any more.

B.Because they will go to another new country.

C.Because they can see their friends all over the world.

score:____________

(建议2-5分钟)

回顾与自我总结学习法

我们来以下有关听力的内容:

听力:

____题型_____ ____解题方法_____

从“斩妖除魔”中

1.听力的解题思路及训练方法:

2. 广州市的中考题中,听力的考查点:1)要求学生能获取与话题相关的具体信息,理解具体事实。 2)要求学生领略主旨大意,理解话题内容。

3)要求学生能按所听材料对谈话发生的背景、地点、人物之问的关系等进行简单推断。

4)要求学生能初步理解说活者的意图、观点或态度。

C-口语专题

(建议2-5分钟)别闹国际笑话

注:通过导入,引出本小节的主题——口语!

(建议20-25分钟)

初中英语口语

一、题型概说

根据《英语课程标准》,口语技能是指学生用英语进行口头表达的能力,特别是在真实语境中沟通信息、描述事物与情感、发表观点和意见的能力。广州市初中毕业生英语学业考试口试主要考查学生口头表达能力。

1、考试方式

英语的口试方式一般有三种:间接方式;直接方式和半直接方式。间接方式是指以笔试的形式考查学生的口语的语言微技能( microlinguistic skills)和日常表述技能(routineskills).

直接方式是指教师与学生面对面的考试形式(又称为“人人对话”),既可以考查学生的口语routine skills,也可以考查学生口语的应变技能(improvisation skills)。半直接方式是指运用录音材料、投影或电脑软件等现代化电化教学辅助媒体录音,然后由教师对录音材料的评分来考查学生英语口语表达的各种知识和能力(又称为“人机对话”)。广州市初中毕业生学业考试的英语口语测试采用电脑软件和计算机网络进行考试的形式。其优点是形式简单,节省时间和人力,评分时间灵活,考试信度比较高,适合大规模的考试:

2、考试题型

口试题型如下表所示

题序题型题量赋分考查目标

一朗读文章 1 5 英语讲话基本功(如语音、语调、连读等)

二情景对话 5 5 口语交际能力

三简短说话 1 5 使用英语进行流畅表达思想的能力

总计7 15

3、评分标准

1)朗读(共5分)

评分原则:评分时先从语音是否清晰、准确,语调是否正确、自然,语流是否连贯、流畅等三个方面整体把握,初步确定考生所属档次,然后按该档次的要求做调整,最后给出得分。

档次标准

A 能连贯地朗读,语音、语调正确,有节奏感,朗读充满情感。

B 朗读尚连贯,语音、语调和节奏较好。

C 朗读不够流畅,语音、语调和节奏等有些错误,但不影响理解。

D 不能连贯朗读,语音、语调和节奏等错误很多,影响理解。

E 只读出短文中的一两个简单的句子,语音、语调很差。

F 没有朗读或说一些与考试无关的话。

2)情景对话(共5小题,每小题1分)

分值标准

0.5-1分考生能根据所听到的说话用英语做出反应,语音、语调和语法结构无错误的给1分。能根据所听到的说话用英语做出反应,但语法有点错误和语音、语调不正确的只给0 5分。

0分考生答非所问不给分。考生一言不发.或只会说,“I don't know”等与情景对话无关的英语句子得O分。

3)简短说话(共5分)

评分原则:评分时先根据话题的内容要点和语言表达初步确定所属档次,即:整体把握、整体评价(保证要点、语言量够、语言表达正确、流畅),然后按该档次的要求做调整,最后给出得分。

二、方法点拨

复习或考试时,学生可以使用以下策略:

1、复习时,可以特别练习《义务教育英语课程标准》中要求学生掌握的30项话题的日常交际用语:

(1)问候(2)介绍(3)告别(4)打电话(5)感谢和应答(6)祝愿、祝贺和应答(7)意愿(8)道歉和应答(9)遗憾和应答(10)邀请和应答(11)提供(帮助等)和应答(12)请求允许和应答(13)表示同意和不同意(14)表示肯定和不肯定(15)喜好和厌恶(16)谈论天气(17)购物(18)问路和应答(19)问时间或日期和

应答(20)请求(21)劝告和建议(22)禁止(23)表示感情(24)就餐(25)约会(26)传递信息(27)看病(28)求救(29)语言困难(30)常见标志和说明

综观以上30个项目中,有些项目的使用率较高、有的较低,因此,复习的重点可放在与社会交际功能密切相关的、出现频率最高的日常交际用语上。

2、要提高英语说的能力,必须使用一些说的策略:例如:自信、大胆地用英语与他人交谈;多看英语电影和听英语歌;多自言自语;对话中适当使用补白词等等。

3、考生朗读时要注意以下几点:

(1)除了读准单词的发音外,还要掌握好单词的重音、失去爆破、单词之间的连读、音素之间的同化等语音现象;

(2)不要受汉语的影响,一字一板地朗读,要按照意群进行停顿,把握好句子的重音、朗读的节奏和某些单词(如介词、冠词和代词等)的弱读与强读等语音现象;

(3)运用正确的语调进行朗读;恰当地表达短文或篇章中作者的态度和情感,或充满感情色彩地描述短文或篇章的人物或事件。

考试时应注意以下几点:

(1)考生要熟练掌握《义务教育英语课程标准》中的日常交际用语,才能准确和得体地回答录音所提出的问题;

(2)录音按规定播放两次情景(男、女声各一次),考生要认真听完情景,想好答案后,才录音回应,切忌答非所问。但回答每一个问题的录音时间在15秒内,考生思考的时间不能过长;

(3)考生要按照情景做出应答,但必要时可以加以发挥。

(4)应答要自然,发音要正确,语气和语调要恰当。最好先默读一遍答案才进行录音。切忌用英语录音回答问题时结结巴巴或在句子中插入汉语。注意不要说出自己的姓名、考号等。

4、简短说话时应注意以下几点:

(1)描述要具体、丰富,包含提示要点的所有内容,能围绕内容适当发挥;

(2)运用较丰富的词汇和正确的语言结构进行口头表达。句子要通顺,上下文意思应连贯,表达清楚;

(3)录音时注意语音正确、语流自然,但可以适当地停顿或插入Well,You know, I mean ...等停顿和填充语(pause and filler expressions),以缓和说话的语速,帮助你思考。

第三节朗读短文(本节5分)

你将会在屏幕上看到一篇短文,你有30秒钟准备,然后按照屏幕提示在80秒内朗读该短文并录音。

In the teen years, people change in many ways. The body changes, thoughts change and feelings change. These changes become an important part of teenage life.

Teens may often harm their health by developing bad lifestyle. Bad eating habits and less sleep may cause lots of problems. For example they may often feel tired and have no interest in anything.

Teens’ feelings usually change, too. They may get angry more easily. Other changes include becoming depressed (忧伤的,消沉的) more easily and feeling nervous.

Some teens may start to keep to themselves, and then always show their anger and dislike for another person or group.

第四节情景对话(本节有5小题;每小题1分,共5分)

请你根据实际情况或所提供的情景回答问题,每个问题问两遍。当听到“开始录音”的信号后,请在15秒钟内回答问题。当听到要求“停止录音”的信号时,应立即终止回答。

1. What’s the weather like today?

2. How many subjects did you study last term?

3. Where are you going after this exam?

4. Which city do you know better, Shanghai or Beijing?

5. You are having dinner with your friend. She asks you to have some more beef. What would you say if you’re quite full?

第五节口头作文(本节5分)

屏幕上将会显示一幅或一组图片,你有60秒钟的准备时间,然后根据所看到的情景(包括图片和文字提示),用6个以上的句子,在规定时间内进行后头作文(包括讲故事、谈看法、描述时间等)并录音。

提示:

当前环境污染日益严重,工厂每天排除大量污

水和废弃,森林被乱砍滥伐等,严重破坏了我们

生存的环境。

请根据图片提示和文字信息,发挥你的想象,

谈谈画中的内容。

Now pollution is becoming more and more serious. In the pictures, we can see many factories are giving out harmful gases and pour the polluted water into the river. They are very bad for our health. Besides, people are cutting down a lot of trees every year. More and more animals are dying out each day. I think we should try to do something to protect our environment, or we won’t have a better place to live any more in the future.

score:____________

(建议2-5分钟)

回顾与自我总结学习法

我们来一下有关口语的内容:

口语:

____题型_____ ____评分标准_____ ____训练及解题方法_______

从“斩妖除魔”中

1. 口语的训练方法及解题方法:

2. 广州市的中考题中,口语的考查点:口头表达能力。

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