武大博士生谈复试

武大博士生谈复试
武大博士生谈复试

武大博士生谈复试

这里我回顾了一下自己当初复试前后的经历,主要侧重于考本校本专业而初试分数又不占优势的情况,希望能给正在奋斗中的学弟学妹们带来一点参考。

战争形势:高分外校生PK低分本校生

人们都说本校考本校最有优势,天时地利人和!可是为什么有那么多本校考生也纷纷落榜呢?就我体会,这种所谓的优势是一把锋利的双刃剑。一方面,本校考生专业课的科目在本科阶段已经考试过,给人一种专业考试很容易的感觉,这种感觉会给人惰性,致使复习时间不充足,复习过程漫不经心;另一方面,随着信息的发达,外校考生能通过各种渠道拿到教材和笔记,与本校生相比他们更积极地去获取各种资料,并以极其刻苦的精神去弄懂每一个知识点,这样差异就出来了。我本科在武汉大学生命科学学院读生物技术专业,正式准备考研是在考试前四个月才开始,我周围考本校的同学也基本是在考前半年才正儿八经地准备,这时候外校考生已经经过一到两轮的复习了。结局是我那一届的复试名单上142人中,前100名,即九成以上都是外校考生,我自己只排在95名。外校考生初试分数普遍高于本校考生,这在很大程度上已经抵消了本校生所谓专业基础课上的优势。在这一背景下,复试的重要性凸显了出来,实际上按武大生科院规定,招生指标与复试考生的比例是1:1.3,而复试成绩占到总成绩的40%,不可小觑!

战前准备:找出弱点,善用资源

复试名单出来后,我比较了一下我所在的细胞生物学方向的情况,参加复试的共有五名考生,其中包括我在内有两位本校考生,录取名额只有四个,也就是说五个人中肯定会有一个人被涮下来,而我的分数在五人中排名最低。黑云压城城欲摧,怎么办?我接着研究了复试录取工作实施细则,里面有这样几句话:“复试包括外语听力口语测试和综合面试两部分,取消了专业笔试。面试内容原则上应侧重于动手能力、综合素质、培养潜力等方面的考核,不再把非常具体的专业知识考核作为重点。”这样看来,命运的天平似乎倾向了对本校生有利的方向。但是导师不可能了解每一个本校生,他也不会盲目地只选择本校生。那么,如何体现出动手能力、综合素质和培养潜力呢?

首先第一件事是联系导师,而且是面谈。在同一所学校还用电话或E-mail的方式联系,导师会认为这个学生不真诚,另外面谈的印象与电话中的印象是不可比较的。初试前联系导师,可以大概了解导师的研究方向及竞争者的情况,但是没有联系也没有关系,因为考生不会因为联系了导师就一定能过初试。但是通过初试后,一定要马上联系导师,越快越好,一是让导师知道你通过了初试,二是坚定表明你想投入他门下的意愿。在面谈中还能了解导师是否已经有内定的人选等,如果导师很偏重那个人,他会建议你联系别的导师,这样就不会耽搁自己。反过来,如果导师对你有好感,他也会告诉其它考生,让他们慎重考虑。

其次,充分发挥本校生近水楼台的优势,在复试之外的时间,建立一个展示自己的舞台。仅仅联系导师是不够的,别人也会联系导师,那么如何突出自己的优点呢?考研前后也正是大四面临毕业之时,理工科的学生一般要求写本科毕业论文,而对于生物专业而言,毕业论文主要来自于在实验室的实践。于是我就借着联系导师的机会,申请就在他的实验室做本科毕业论文,这种情况通常导师都会答应,这样在复试之前与竞争者相比就多出了近一个月的表现的机会。那一天有个小插曲,我再次犯了大意的错误。我先前查询过导师实验室发过的文章,自认为准备充分,面谈中表明对导师的研究方向很感兴趣,这时导师突然问我有没有上过他的课,我说上过上过,细胞生物学嘛。导师看了我一眼,表情十分奇异,旁边的同学小声提醒,是动物遗传发育生物学。我的冷汗蹭地冒了出来,一边故作镇定解释说不好意思,我有点紧张所以说错了,一边心里想着大

事不好,八成他会认为我是那种喜欢逃课的学生。导师翻出了成绩表,找到我的名字,86分,嗯,还行。算是过了关。在此叮嘱本校考生千万不能大意,如果说导师偏爱本校生,那也是基于认为本校生更熟悉自己专业领域的看法,像这类细节问题忽视了会严重破坏导师对自己的印象。另外,面谈时反应要敏捷。导师对我说你的分数是过线了,但不是很高嘛。我诚恳地坦白自己在复习时有着本校生的毛病,专业课复习不是很认真透彻,言外之意是我认真的话也会考高分,低分数不表明我的水平差。由于这一现象很普遍,导师竟然表示理解。随后我诚恳地接受了导师的批评,当然这种批评不等于拒绝。

随后就要看自己在实验室的表现,已经把握了天时,就要进一步扩大地利人和的优势。跟师兄师姐们多交流,工作之余,天南海北地聊聊天,一起去食堂吃饭,熟悉之后,他们会告诉你许多复试的技巧,比如导师喜欢出哪些方面的问题,而与师兄师姐们的融洽相处也是导师参考的方面之一,因为实验室需要的是一个团队合作的氛围。此外积极地帮助师兄师姐们做实验,实验技术上不懂就问,并且弄懂每一个实验步骤的原理,复试细则中所说的“动手能力、综合素质、培养潜力”,正好在这里得到锻炼。早去晚归,表现勤奋点,导师看在眼里,心里会有底的。而且,因为比别人先一个月加入了课题组,除了能学到各种实验技术外,也相当于你已经在开始进行课题的研究,将来入手快,只要表现优异,导师会着重考虑的。

除了自己报考的导师,对其他导师的情况作一下了解,也是十分必要的。我报考的专业有四名导师,各自有一个招生名额。知道每位导师大概与哪名考生作过交流,心里也就有了底。另外因为专业方向相近,复试组的教授一般也正是这几位导师组成,了解他们的性格,对在面试中如何回答他们提出的问题大有益处。这些通过师兄师姐们就能侧面了解到。除此之外我发现生科院的教授们在下班之后经常与自己的学生在楼下打乒乓球羽毛球等,我有空闲时也与师兄师姐们一起参于,至少能混个脸熟。

除综合能力的考查之外,复试中还有一个很重要的环节,那就是英语口语。我那一届考研最终成绩中初试成绩占60%,专业综合复试占25%,外语听力口语测试占15%。英语表达能力靠的是真功夫,这需要一个日积月累的过程,但也不是没有捷径。我本身外语口语十分差劲,这一点大部分中国考生应该都很理解。在一个多月的复试准备时间里,我大部分时间都在实验室学技术,自认为回答几个问题不会很难,并没有重视英语的表达能力训练。直到考前约一周,我与一个老乡(他是外校考我校,跟我同一年)找一个师兄帮做模拟面试。师兄扮演复试组老师,英语问答时我老乡滔滔不绝说了一大段,因为他对各种可能的问题都作了充分的准备。而我一句话就噎住了,平时能慢慢想出来的句子在这种特殊氛围中竟然一句也吐不出来,这一惊非同小可。回去后我马上联系师兄师姐,了解到我院复试英语口语最常问的问题有三个:1.自我简介;2. 你有什么特长爱好? 3. 你为什么选择这个专业?我精心撰写了汉语的对答,把它发给我一个外语系的同学,让她帮我翻译成标准口语。然后开始背诵,每天完整背颂一次,连背一周直到正式面试。后来的面试,问的正好是这几个方面。从这里也可以看出,多了解一些信息是绝对没有坏处的。

投入战争:把“战场”当作我的主场

正式复试时,我就记住了两点:自信、真诚。复试的日子很奇特,4月1号。我特意换了一套整洁的衣服,对着镜子说你很自信你很帅,于是似乎突然变得很自信很帅,就像一只照着镜子把自己看成狮子的猫。复试的地点在生科院大楼的一个办公室里,办公室分为两大间,考生在外间等待,复试组的教授们在里间,每一位考生进去后关上门,面试完再出来叫下一位。外间的气氛很紧张,为了缓解自己的压力,我看到有几位考生因为座椅不够在屋里徘徊,于是特意回实验室搬了几把椅子过来让他们坐,并安慰他们不要紧张,这样等于告诫自己,这是我的主场,我一定能发挥出色,于是心里也镇定下

来。

复试组有五名老师。我刚进去一位老师就说,咦,我认识你,乒乓球打得不错嘛。我想起来中午实验闲暇之际是在楼下打过乒乓球,跟这位老师交过手,于是心情立马轻松下来,之后我一直保持着微笑的表情。“乒乓外交”起了作用是我没有想到的。首先是英语口语,老师第一个问题就是问我为什么选择这个专业。口语问答时间是十分钟内,我当时想如果我回答得快,老师的问题就会多而难,这等于给自己增加露破绽的机会。于是我把自己准备的自我简介和为什么选择这个专业的回答串在了一起,因为喜欢生物与我的成长环境有关,我从成长历程讲下来,自然地过渡到考研与专业选择,语速不疾不缓,淘淘不绝说了半天,竟然把老师想问的问题全包括了进去,回答完后时间差不多也到了,口语老师十分满意,怕我又说一堆,竟然没再多问问题。正中下怀。

接下来是综合面试,另一个老师问我本科阶段有没有进实验室实习。这对我是一个劣势,因为我在做毕业论文前没有下过室,而本科阶段是否进过实验室反映了学生对科研的积极性。先前我了解到复试组有两位老师都属于那种文理全才式的大人物,除科研外,还十分擅长文学音乐书法等。于是我灵机一动回答说没有,因为我觉得武汉大学是一个综合性的大学,机遇难得,我希望在大学阶段得到多种素质的培养,所以本科时选修了许多公共课程,如唐诗宋词,西方音乐史等,因而没有进实验室,而生物科研是我打算从事一辈子的事业,今后有很多时间去做它,但文学音乐等可能以后再也没有机会了。几个老师竟然点了点头,那位跟我打过乒乓球的老师接着问做生物科研很辛苦,你认为你能坚持下去么?我说任何工作都有它的辛苦,我认为科研工作是在探索和开拓人类文明的前沿,也许我一辈子只能做出一点点的贡献,但我会引以为傲。看得出来老师很满意,也许这也是他们的想法。

最后一部分是专业知识问答。师兄师姐提醒过,面对导师一定要虚心,知之为知之,不知为不知,千万不能不懂装懂。我自信在实验室呆了一个多月了,表现还是很不错的。但老师却问了一个我不知道的技术。我老实地回答我不知道,我只能试着说个大概,但是如果您能再问一个问题我一定能答出来,接着我说了我对这个问题的理解,还好没偏太远,老师笑了笑补充解释了这个技术,然后告诉我不用补加问题了,知道你可能不会才问这个问题的,面试结束,通知下一位吧。

下午得到内部消息,我已经通过了面试。由于细胞生物学四个招生名额都是公费,因此录取了就是公费研究生。被淘汰的那一位是一个外校考生,他的初试分比我多6分,但他以前的基础并不是生物技术,他没有进实验室学习技术,也没明确坚持报哪位导师哪个研究方向,对他的落榜我一方面为自己庆幸,一方面对他表示同情,希望他能调剂到一个满意的地方。

战后报道:写在最后的话

与初试相比,复试是一个人综合能力的体现,而不仅仅是对书本的追求,这里面有许多的技巧与策略。读书是为应用,而不是成为书呆子。水镜先生向刘备推荐诸葛亮时曾言:“儒生俗士,不识时务,识时务者在乎俊杰”。这可以侧面反映导师用人的标准。导师需要的是有能力做课题,能够培养成才的人,而不是善于考试的学生。初试成绩当然是越高越好,但万一发挥不好,就需要冷静下来,一方面打好信息战,知已知彼,充分准备;另一方面分析自己的优势,并适当地展现出来。我有几个跟我一起复习的同班同学,他们也过了初试线,分数也不高。也许是他们自己不自信,他们联系导师后,并没有留在导师的实验室,而是联系外面科研所做的本科毕业论文。而他们的竞争对手却想办法进入了导师的实验室,不耻下问勤学苦练。最终他们的导师录取了那几个在实验室表现优异的人。

本校考生手中握着的,是一把双刃剑,一面是天时地利人和的优势,一面是盲目自

信带来的惰性。优势很容易变成劣势,导师看中的不是“本校”二字,而是你的能力。如果坐拥便利的距离,展现的舞台而不去珍惜,放弃地利人和,那是自毁长城。导师需要怎样的人?你的能力能满足他的需要么?如果可以,那么就用各种途径让导师知道,你就是他需要的人!

武汉大学2017博士英语

武汉大学 2017年攻读博士学位研究生外语综合水平考试试题 (满分值100分) 科目名称:英语科目代码:1101 注意:所有的答题内容必须写在答案纸上,凡写在试题或草稿纸上的一律无效。 Part I Reading Comprehension (2’×20 = 40 points) Directions:In this part of the test, there will be 5 passages for you to read. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements, and each question or unfinished statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are to decide on the best choice by blackening the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. Passage One Mr Gordon is right that the second industrial revolution involved never-to-be-repeated changes. But that does not mean that driverless cars count for nothing. Messrs Erixon and Weigel are also right to worry about the West’s dismal recent record in producing new companies. But many old firms are not run by bureaucrats and have reinvented themselves many times over: General Electric must be on at least its ninth life. And the impact of giant new firms born in the past 20 years such as Uber, Google and Facebook should not be underestimated: they have all the Schumpeterian characteristics the authors admire. On the pessimists’ side the strongest argument relies not on closely watching corporate and investor behavior but rather on macro-level statistics on productivity. The figures from recent years are truly dismal. Karim Foda, of the Brookings Institution, calculates that labor productivity in the rich world is growing at its slowest rate since 1950. Total factor productivity (which tries to measure innovation) has grown at just 0.1% in advanced economies since 2004, well below its historical average. Optimists have two retorts. The first is that there must be something wrong with the figures. One possibility is that they fail to count the huge consumer surplus given away free of charge on the internet. But this is unconvincing. The official figures may well be understating the impact of the internet revolution, just as they downplayed the impact of electricity and cars in the past, but they are not understating it enough to explain the recent decline in productivity growth. Another, second line of argument that the productivity revolution has only just begun is more persuasive. Over the past decade many IT companies may have focused on things that were more “fun than fundamental” in Paul Krugman’s phrase.But Silicon Valley’s best companies are certainly focusing on things that change the material world.

武大博士英语教学大纲

博士研究生英语教学 一.教学目的及目标 以感受语言,认识语言,应用语言为主导,以提高学生的实际应用能力为目标。在反思语言习得的过程中,探索一种全新的教学模式(源于且高于单一语言层面的教学,即基于语篇层面的文本结构,在语篇层面上对文本进行三位一体的诠释,了解英美族人的思维方式),增强论文和学术研究中的批判性思维的意识,培养批判性思维的习惯(通过洞察力达到更深层次的知识和理解),强化创造性技能(区别于侧重于以听力和阅读为主导的接受性技能),即提高学生交际和写作的能力,使之符合清晰性、准确性、精确性、相关性、深度、广度、逻辑和意义的评价标准(限于课时,故侧重于理念教学,本源教学,形态教学,方法论教学,从认识论的角度培养学生的解构能力)。 二.教学理念 从传统的侧重于语言层面的教学观念转移到以思维层面为主导,兼顾语言层面的全新的教学观念,即了解英美族人怎么想、怎么组织思想、怎么表达的思维层面,从而实现正确的交际目的(怎么用),完善学习的对象(学以致用),而不只停留在单一的体现语法与词汇的语句即语言层面。语言是表达思想的物质载体, 是逻辑思维的工具, 是思维过程的再现;而思维对世界的反映是借助于语言来实现的。 三.教学定位

以思维模式为切入点(显著区别于本科生,即通过纯粹的联想或死记硬背以及练习来完成的低阶段的学习;硕士生,即大量的知识积累却缺乏知识自身的相关逻辑;以及其他兄弟院校的英语教学,具有武汉大学特色的博士研究生英语教学),提高学生的综合分析能力,倡导英语学习的方法论,以期突破英语学习的瓶颈问题。知其然更力求知其所以然,强化实践过程中的批判性思维能力(分析性、逻辑性、系统化)。 四.教学手段/方法 以三位一体(角度的界定,文献的摘录,功能的区分)的训练方法完成对文本的解构,运用批判性思维的分析能力,以期了解英美族人的思维方式即what to write,组织布局即how to write和结构功能即why to write。如下所示: 五.教学内容及计划 在一学期的课堂教学实践中,重点比较,解析不同文章(分别为不同风格的书籍、评论及演讲的体裁,以及兼顾文理学科的有关计算机、经济与哲学的不同题材),通过异同点的比较,

武汉大学博士英语结课考试

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