作文常用过渡词语
一) 文章及段落起始的过渡词语
1. To begin with, “首先”
【例1】To begin with, Id like to express my gratitude to those who have helped me.
【例2】To begin with, smoking should be banned in public areas.
2. Generally speaking，“总体上讲”
【例1】Generally speaking, those who have knowledge are more capable than those without knowledge.
【例2】Generally speaking, the more you practice, the more skillfully you can write in English.
3. First of all,“第一”,“首先”
【例1】First of all, doing exercise every day is of the utmost importance in keeping fit.
【例2】First of all, many people in remote areas still live in poverty.
4. In the first place, “首先”
【例1】In the first place, she can read at the rate of 100 words a minute.
【例2】In the first place, agriculture needs to be developed quickly to feed the world population.
(二) 文章及段落结尾常用的过渡词语
1. therefore, thus, “因此”
【例1】Therefore, it takes longer time and more energy to communicate in written English than in oral English.
【例2】Thus, taking morning exercises regularly may reduce the chances of getting sick.
2. in conclusion,“最后”
【例1】In conclusion, the international agreement should be made to prevent the world from the war.
【例2】In conclusion, universities should give larger amount of money to libraries.
3. in brief, in a nutshell, “简言之”
【例1】In brief, birth control is of vital importance in China.
【例2】In a nutshell, we should develop a good habit of study.
4. to sum up,“总而言之”
【例1】To sum up, out of sight, out of mind.
【例2】To sum up, equality continues to be the goal of the world women.
5. in a word,“总之”
【例1】In a word, country life is more beneficial than city life.
【例2】In a word, exceptional children are different in some significant ways from others of the same age.
(三) 常见的表示先后次序的过渡词语
常见的表示先后次序的过渡词语有：
first“第一”second“第二”
next“其次”、“然后”eventually “最后”、“最终”
since then“自此以后”afterward“以后”、“随后”
meanwhile“同时”therefore“因而”
immediately“立刻”
【例1】Meanwhile, the better skills and knowledge children possess, the more opportunities they will be ensured.
【例2】Afterward, they began to examine more closely the working of human mind.
【例3】The investment environment has been improved; therefore, joint ventures boost in this country.
【例4】Since then, the Olympics turned out to be an instrument of peace and freedom for small nations.
【例5】Fin
ally, the country must not again go through the war.
(四) 常见的表示因果关系的过渡词语
常见的表示因果关系的过渡词语有：
accordingly“于是”for this reason“由于这个原因”
as a result“由……结果……”in this way“这样”
consequently“结果”、“因此”due to“由于……”
therefore“因而”because of“因为”
thus“这样”
【例1】The computer costs a lot of money，accordingly, it should perform perfectly.
【例2】It rained，for this reason，the game was cancelled.
【例3】As a result of his good performance in the college，he was given an excellent job．
【例4】Due to the change，a visit to the factory has been cancelled.
【例5】The government was unwilling to risk a conflict with that country，and consequently，promised to sign the treaty.
(五)常用表示比较和对比的过渡词语
常用表示比较和对比的过渡词语有：
in contrast with“与之相比”similarly“同样”
whereas“然而”on the contrary“相反”
different from“与……不同”likewise“同样”
equally important“同样重要”on the other hand“另一方面”
【例1】Plenty of food must be packed for the journey; similarly, warm clothes will also be needed.
【例2】I, on the contrary, envy you because you can choose your work.
【例3】The annual death rate in U.S. is 11 per 1000, whereas that of Latin America is 23 per 1000.
【例4】In contrast with your belief that we shall fail, I know we shall succeed.
【例5】Different from Jane, Mary is interested in Maths.
(六)常用表示举例的过渡词语
常见表示举例的过渡词有：
a case in point“恰当的例子”of example“举例”
namely(that is)“即，这就是说”for instance“举例”
【例1】A case in point is the water control project along the Yangtze River
(七)有关描写图表的过渡词语
1. During this time, “在此期间”
【例1】During the period, the low number of students suggested the low attendance.
【例2】During this time, more women took various jobs.
2. Apart from..., “除了……之外”
【例1】Apart from the figures, the information below the table also suggests the growth of production.
【例2】Apart from the above reasons, the company also wants to overtake its rivals by offering entertainment.
3. Compared with,“与……相比较”
【例1】Compared with the output of last year, it has increased more than a quarter this year.
【例2】Compared with the percentage of the base year, it jumped by 15 percent.
4. From the above table/chart/graph, “根据上图所示”
【例1】From the above chart, it can be seen that changes do occur in the society.
【
例2】From the above line graph, we could draw a conclusion that visitors from Europe increased last year.
(八)常用表示强调的过渡词语
常用表示强调的过渡词语有：
furthermore “此外”moreover “而且”
besides “此外”in fact “实际上”
also “而且” “也”indeed “的确”
again, “另外” “还”in particular “尤其，特别”
naturally“当然，自然，必然”
【例1】Her intentions were good. Besides, it was pleasant to be with her.
【例2】Naturally, he denied that he had committed the crime.
【例3】In fact, every one needs friends both in his life and work.
【例4】The house isnt big enough for us; furthermore, it is too far from the town.
【例5】Bicycling is a good exercise; moreover, it doesnt pollute the air.
（九）熟练运用逻辑联结词语
逻辑联结语也可泛指为过渡词语，是—种表示句子之间各种逻辑意义的衔接手段。英语中逻辑联结语多，用法也灵活，因此成为学生写作中的一大难点。应试中克服只重复使用少数几个简单的逻辑联系语，如：but, so, because等。下列几类关系需要考生熟练掌握：
1.先后次序关系
First, second,..., at last，to start with，next，eventually，afterwards，last but not the least，to end with，finally，seeing...，since then，to begin with，first of all
2.原因、结果关系
As a result，Hence，Because of this，on account of，So...，Being that，Due to，As a result of this，Because，Since，In that，So that...，For this reason，...and so...，As，Consequently，Owing to，there are about...，For，Thus，In view of，Therefore，As a consequence，In consequence，Another important factor/reason of...，For the reason that...，The reason seems to be obvious...
3.转折关系
Independent of，Even though， Even so，But，Yet...，In spite of that， Despite that，Though， but，unless， Regardless of， However，reckless of， and yet
4.并列关系
And，Also，Too，As well as，Either...or...，both...and...
5.递进关系
Moreover，at the same time，In other words，not only...but also...，Further，In addition，In this way，in order to do it...，Still，Furthermore，In the first place...，on the other hand...，Moreover，Meanwhile，In the second place...，on the one hand...，Besides，accordingly，along this line of consideration，As a popular saying goes...，even，Not...but...
6.比较关系
Likewise，by doing so，When in fact...，When compared with，Similarly，in the same vein，Apart from (doing)...，Compared with，Similarly important...，rather than...，In comparison with
7.对比关系
On the contrary，Different from this，however，contrary to，In contrast，As opposed to，as opposed to this，Conversely，while，w
hereas，Opposed to，By way of，But on the other hand，nevertheless
8.举例关系
For instance，as regards，Such as，as to，For example，As he explains，I will say...，Like，As for，Notably，In particular，According to，namely，Stated roughly，Including...，Put it simply，As you know，Consider...，you may ask/say，A case in point is...，It is interesting to note that...，Take(something) as example，A good example (of...) would be...，For one thing...for another...，to detail this, I would like to...
9.强调关系
Particularly，What is more important，In particular，Moreover，by definition，It is certain/sure that...，Not to mention...，to be true，To be strict，Other thing being equal，Believe it or not，In reality，Especially，In fact，indeed
10.条件关系
Unless，If necessary，in this sense，once...，if so，If possible，if it is the case，provided that，if not all，lest
11.归纳总结关系
In summary，hence，therefore，to conclude，in other words，To sum up，in brief，in short，The conclusion can be drawn that...