高中英语定语从句知识点及练习
高中英语---定语从句
一定义及相关术语
1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的词之后。
2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等
关系词在定语从句中有三大作用
1. 连接作用——连接先行词和定语从句。
2. 替代作用——在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。
3. 成分作用——在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。
The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.
二关系代词引导的定语从句
引导定语从句的关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that等。它们分别代替前面的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。
1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。
That is the teacher who teaches us physics.
2. whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，可省略，在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替。Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see.
3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。
Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
4. that 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
He is the man that/who lives next door.
Where is the man (that/whom) I saw this morning? 、The season that/which comes after spring is summer.
The dress (that/which) Ann bought doesn’t fit her very well.
5. whose 指人、物皆可，与后面的名词有所属关系，在定语从句中做定语。
I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country.
注意：指物时，常用以下结构来代替：
The house whose windows are broken is empty.
=The house the windows of which are broken is empty.
Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?
=Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?
三“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时，可以跟介词一起放在从句与主句之间（that, who不可以），也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面，使关系代词紧跟它所修饰的先行词。
The school (which/that) he once studied in is very famous.
=The school in which he once studied is very famous.
This is the boy (whom/who/that) I played tennis with yesterday.
=This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday.
注意：1. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of 等。
2. 介词后的关系代词不可用that和who，若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom指物时只可用which；关系代词是所有格时用whose。
The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour.
3. “介词+关系代词”前还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each, few等代词或者数词。如：
He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
四关系副词引导的定语从句
引导定语从句的关系副词有when, where和why等。when, where, why都在定语从句中作状语，在意义上相当于介词+which结构，分别代替表示时间、地点或原因的先行词。
1. when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
I still remember the day when I first came to this school.
注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。如：I’ll never forget the day when/on which I first met you.
Great changes are taking place in the city where/in which they live.
五限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句
形式上：不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。
意义上：是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。译法上：译成先行词的定语：“．．．的”
关系词的使用上：A作宾语时可省略 B可用that C可用who 代替whom
The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.
China is a country which has a long history.
非限制性定语从句
形式上：用逗号“，”与主句隔开。
意义上：只是对先行词的补充说明，如果去掉，主句仍能表达完整的意思。译法上：通常译成主句的并列句。
关系词的使用上：A．不可省略 B．不用that C．不可用who 代替whom
His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.
I have been to Hangzhou, which is a very beautiful city.
（一）限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的情况
1.先行词为all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, few, the one等时。Everything that he said was true. 他所说的一切都是真的。
2.当先行词被the very（恰恰，正好）, the only，any，few，little，no，all修饰时。
This is the very grammar book (that) I want to buy.
3．当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the best that has been used against pollution.
4. 当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。
The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.
5．当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。
Who that has common sense will believe such nonsense?
6．当先行词既有人又有物时。
Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?
7．先行词在定语从句中做表语,而关系代词在从句中也做表语时。
She is no longer the sweet girl (that) she used to be.
He is not the man (that) he seems. 人不可貌相。
（二）关系代词as和which 引导的定语从句
1. as 和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。如：
He married her, as / which was natural. He is honest, as / which we can see.
2. as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后，甚至还可以分割主句。 which 引导的非限制性定语从句只可放在主句之后。另外，as 常常有“正如、正像”的含义。
As is known to all, China is a developing country.
John, as you know, is a famous writer.
Zhang Hua has been to Paris more than ten times, which I don’t believe.
注意：当主句和从句之间存在着逻辑上的因果关系时，关系词往往只用which。如：
Tom was late for school again and again, which made his teacher very angry.
1. 当先行词受such, the same 修饰时，关系词常用as。如：
I’ve never heard such stories as he tells.
（三）以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句常由in which或that引导，而且通常可以省略。The way (that/in which) he answered the questions was surprising.
（四）关系代词与关系副词的选择
用关系代词还是关系副词引导定语从句要看关系词在定语从句中的作用（所担当的成分）。
A. I know a place where we can have a picnic.
I know a place which/that is famous for its beautiful natural scenery.
B. I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together.
I will never forget the days that/which we spent together.
C. This is the reason why he was dismissed.
This is the reason that/which he explained to me for his not attending the meeting.
基础练习
(1) This is the hotel_______ we will stay at. which/that/
(2) This is the hotel_______ we will stay. where
(3) This is the hotel__________ we will stay. at which
(4) This is the hotel ________we will visit. that/which/
(5) This hotel is the one _______ we will stay at. that
(6) This hotel is the one _________ we will stay. where
(7) This hotel is the one __________ we will visit. That
定语从句专项练习
一、选择题
1. (09全国II) My friend showed me round the town, ______ was very kind of him.
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. it
2. (09安徽卷)Many children______ parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village．
A．their B．whose C．of them D．with whom
3. (09北京卷)–What do you think of teaching, Bob?
–I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ___ you are doing something serious but interesting.
A. where
B. Which
C. When
D. that
4. (09福建卷)It’s helpful to put children in a situation ___ they can see themselves differently.
A. that
B. when
C. which
D. where
5. (09湖南卷)I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ______ name will create a picture
of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.
A. which
B. of which
C. that
D. whose
6. (09江苏卷)Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _____ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.
A. if
B. when
C. which
D. since
7. (09辽宁卷)They’ve won their last three matches, ________ I find a bit surprising actually.
A. that
B. when
C. what
D. which
8. (09全国I)She brought with her three friends, none of ________I had ever met before.
A. them
B. who
C. whom
D. these
9. (09全国II) My friend showed me round the town, ______ was very kind of him.
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. it
10. (09山东卷)Whenever I met her, _______ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.
A. who
B. which
C. when
D. that
11. (09陕西卷)Gun control is a subject_______Americans have argued for a long time .
A. of which
B. with which
C. about which
D. into which
12. (09上海卷)Mozart’s birthplace and the house ______ he composed “The Magic Flute” are
both museums now.
A. where
B. when
C. there
D. which
13. (09四川卷)She’ll never forget her stay there ____ she found her son who had gone missing two years before.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. when
14. (09天津卷)A person __ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.
A. who
B. whom
C. whose
D. whoever
15. (09天津卷)I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, _____ do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin.
A. as
B. which
C. when
D. though
16. (09浙江卷)I have reached a point in my life __I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
A which
B where
C how
D why
17. (09重庆卷)Life is like a long race _____we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.
A. why
B. what
C. that
D. where
18. (04全国卷) The English play __________ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.
A. for which
B. at which
C. in which
D. on which
19. (03北京) York, __________ last year, is a nice old city.
A. that I visited
B. which I visited
C. where I visited
D. in which I visited
20. (02北京)We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places,
______ other visitors seldom go.
A. what
B. which
C. where
D. when
二、翻译训练：
1.我们在医院一直照顾take care of的老太太死了.
______________________________________________________________________________ 2.你想娶marry的姑娘昨天偷了我的钱包。
______________________________________________________________________________ 3.孙老师写的书是世界上最好的书。
______________________________________________________________________________ 4.你喜欢女孩就是我喜欢的女孩。
______________________________________________________________________________ 5.昨天被我家的狗咬的人bite今天又被你家狗咬了。
______________________________________________________________________________ 6.你知道他打算娶reason你的原因吗？
______________________________________________________________________________ 7.我讨厌hate我住过的那个旅馆hotel。______________________________________________________________________________ 8.我永远也忘不了我们共同生活和学习的那个秋天______________________________________________________________________________ 9.他爱了20年的那个女孩昨天嫁marry人了。
______________________________________________________________________________ 10.她是我见过的最漂亮的女孩。
______________________________________________________________________________ 11.The old lady who died yesterday left one million.
______________________________________________________________________________ 13.The doctor told me yesterday that there is nothing that he could do for my father.
______________________________________________________________________________ 14. This is the page ,where you can find the answer. This is the page ,which you can find the answer on.
______________________________________________________________________________ 15.As the teacher told me yesterday, he didn’t pass the exam.
______________________________________________________________________________ 16.As we was discussing just now, it’s easy for us to study English.
______________________________________________________________________________ 17. As my mother told me yesterday , my girlfriend didn’t love me at all.
______________________________________________________________________________ 18. As you know, the money is very important.
______________________________________________________________________________ 19. We are studying the business English, which is very useful for us In the future.
______________________________________________________________________________
20.Do you know the reason why your dog is going to die?
______________________________________________________________________________ 三、阅读理解
There are stories about two U.S . presidents, Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren, which attempt to explain the American English term OK．We don’t know if either story is true, but they are both interesting. The first explanation is based on the fact that President Jackson had very little education．In fact, he had difficulty reading and writing．When important papers came to Jackson, he tried to read them and then had his assistants explain what they said．If he approved of a paper．he would write “all correct” on it．The problem was that he didn’t know how to spell．So what he really wrote was“ol korekt”．After a while，he shortened that term to“OK”．
The second explanation is based on the place where President Van Buren was born, Kinderhook, New York. Van Bnren?s friends organized a club to help him become President They caned the club the Old Kinderhook Club, and anyone who supported Van Buren was called“OK”．
1. The author _________ .
A. believes both of the stories B．doesn’t believe a word of the stories
C．is not sure whether the stories are true D. is telling the stories just for fun
2. According to the passage，President Jackson _______ .
A. couldn’t draw up any documents at all
B. didn’t like to read important papers by himself
C. often had his assistants sign documents for him
D .wasn’t good at reading，writing or spelling
3. According to the first story, the term “OK” __________.
A. was approved of by President Jackson B．was the title of some Official documents C．was first used by President Jackson D．was an old way to spell “all correct”
高中英语定语从句知识点及练习复习过程
高中英语定语从句知识点及练习
高中英语---定语从句 一定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等关系词在定语从句中有三大作用 1. 连接作用——连接先行词和定语从句。 2. 替代作用——在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。 3. 成分作用——在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 二关系代词引导的定语从句 引导定语从句的关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that等。它们分别代替前面的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。 1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 2. whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，可省略，在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替。 Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see. 3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
4. that 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。 He is the man that/who lives next door. Where is the man (that/whom) I saw this morning? 、 The season that/which comes after spring is summer. The dress (that/which) Ann bought doesn’t fit her very well. 5. whose 指人、物皆可，与后面的名词有所属关系，在定语从句中做定语。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 注意：指物时，常用以下结构来代替： The house whose windows are broken is empty. =The house the windows of which are broken is empty. Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? =Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow? 三“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时，可以跟介词一起放在从句与主句之间（that, who不可以），也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面，使关系代词紧跟它所修饰的先行词。 The school (which/that) he once studied in is very famous. =The school in which he once studied is very famous. This is the boy (whom/who/that) I played tennis with yesterday. =This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday. 注意：1. 含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of 等。 2. 介词后的关系代词不可用that和who，若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom指物时只可用which；关系代词是所有格时用whose。
高中英语-定语从句练习题带答案
一定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。汉语中常用‘……的’表示。定语主要由形容词担任。此外名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式（短语）、分词也可以做定语。 a beautiful city; a bag full of money.注意：汉语的定语无论多长都放在被修饰词的前面，而英语中的定语则不然，是一个词时，放在被修饰词的前面，若是两个以上的词组、短语或从句则放在被修饰词的后面， thirty women teachers ; his father; the girl in red. the boy from America Our monitor is always the first student to enter the classroom. falling leaves; fallen leaves; the boy playing basketball; the book bought by my mother; a reading room; a swimming pool He is the man who you are looking for. 二：定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why. 1. I have an apple. An apple is red. I have an apple that/which is red. ↑↑ 先行词关系代词 2.I like some friends. Some friends like sports. I like friends who like sports. ↑↑ 先行词关系代词 3.I like music. The music is quiet. I like music that/which is quiet. ↑↑ 先行词关系代词 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句，连接主从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。 （二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. The house which is by the lake looks nice. This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday.
高中英语定语从句专项练习题
定语从句专项练习2018.1.16 1. The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2. Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3. This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4. Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5. That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6. The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7. Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8. This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9. Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10. The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11. They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12. The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13. It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 14. I’m interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15. I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16. He isn't such a man ______he used to be.
精选5篇高一英语知识点总结
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turn on 打开,是...开始 turn out 终于成为... turn out a light关灯 turn over 把...翻转 turn up到达 以上的turn均为动词词性 in turn逐个的 take turn at sth.=take it in turns to do sth.逐个做某事turing转弯口 以上的turn为名词词性 [4.几个道路的区别] way 范指一切的路 path 人或动物踩踏而成的小径 street两旁有建筑的 road供车辆行驶的 highway 公路 [5.几个旅游的区别] journey指有明确方向的,长途的,陆路的旅行,通常比较辛苦. travel范指旅行 voyage多指海路或空间的长途旅行 trip短距离的.又回到出发地的. tour巡游 [6.bed的用法] n.[C]
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